scientists from the university of california have set up an experimental filtering project on dennis hudson's farm. so the implant groundwater has about $200.00 parts per 1000000000, arsenic. and by the time it reaches the end of our treatment training, retreated this water. it's coming out consistently below 10 parts per 1000000. similar filtration systems have succeeded in countries with high arsenic concentrations like india and bangladesh. this promise is to me, one of the noise is not the lowest cost race who reliably remove arsenic from gun water at a price that local communities can afford. the researchers hope the equipment can solve arsenic problems in other communities, and dennis hudson is praying. it will, what would it mean if you could live with clean water? it would mean the world to this community and to california, it would just mean life and life abundantly clean water in a time of climate change and drought,

more precious than ever. rob reynolds al jazeera allen's worth california. ah, what shall deserve me. so rosalind, doha, reminder of all top stories, haiti's government, is appealing to international forces to help with a deteriorating security situation. people have been protesting for weeks off to prime minister on re and it fuel subsidies pushing prices. gang surrounding a major fuel terminal, have refused to leave until on re steps down marianna sanchez's at the meeting of the organization of american states. but the situation in haiti is raising concern . foreign minister john victoria, news made a pre here because he said that the economic situation in haiti is catastrophic. as he put it. he explained to 2 members of the assemblies up to

controlling as a fuel this one fuel terminal, which is causing great have occurring in tv because it's affecting the distribution of drinking water. not only that of transportation and the well functioning of hospitals studies. so. so dramatic and so important. so you form of the ask for assistance for an international police force. your leaders have failed to reach a consensus on capping gas prices. european commission present level delay and has proposed that member states bid for against supplies together. prices have been going up since the start of the war in ukraine. and you creating the authority say, because a lot of people have died and russian strike from residential buildings and the something that he was a richer the you and nuclear watched all the shelling, also damage to power line, providing electricity to reactor. at the jap, richer nuclear plant on thursday, the nobel peace prize has been awarded to a jailed bell, russian activist and to human rights organizations. bella,

russian. alas, bud let ski rushes memorial group and ukraine. cent of a civil liberties were held by the nobel committee for their commitment to human rights. the u. s. as imposed more export controls on chinese tech companies. 30 fence have been added to a so called an verified list. the new measures prevent beijing from accessing advanced u. s. semi conductor technology, more needs and half. now of course, those are the headlines you follow those stories on a website that out there. a dot com inside story is next. ah. what's behind north korea's latest missile test?

i have 6 rockets and 2 weeks including one that flew over japan. message is north korea ascending and how should the international community respond? this is inside story. ah hello there and welcome to the program. i'm laura kyle. north korea has dramatically increased the number of bits missile tests that's conducted 6 in just 12 days, including the 1st intermediate range ballistic missile test in 5 years. it landed in the sea of japan on tuesday. i don't know that large prompt and japanese government to warn people to seek shelter. the u. s . japanese and south korean military is responded with live fire drills a day later. and the pentagon repositions an aircraft carrier of the korean

peninsula. john young reacted by launching 2 more missiles on fuzz day and sending fighter jets near is border with south korea. in a phone call, the japanese and south korean leaders condemns the military escalation. the pentagon says the latest task pose a serious threat to the region stability. clearly, north korea is testing its missile program. ah, it's looking to adapt. and the issue here though is that these actions are provocative. they're dangerous. and as you all know, north korea has not committed to any type of constructive or strategic dialogue on these issues. i'll at the un security council, the u. s. accused china and russia of enabling north careers leader kim jong, earn my blocking further sanctions. but b jane said it is washington, that provoking pyongyang is on full as usual on the nuclear issue. the u. s. is

playing by a double standard. it is engaged in political maneuvering poisoning the security environmental's. against this backdrop, the height and tension on the peninsula should not come as a surprise. will miss artists of increased fears that north korea will soon conduct another nuclear test. new as base center for strategic and international studies released these satellite images of the pony re test site. from late september, analysts say they show work on a tunnel which could be part of an expansion of testing capabilities. new and his tracking north grades, ballistic missile tests and says it has carried out around 40 this years, a record number. in the past 40 years, pyongyang has conducted more than 200 miss our launches and 6 nuclear tests. and more than half of those have been since kim jong and came to power. ah,

let's bring in our guests now discuss this further and in. so we have a king, a fellow at the athens institute for policy studies and take you allison morgan, a professor at the university of tokyo and a former push ambassador to north korea, and in washington, dc. mark fitzpatrick, a fellow at the international institute. statistics studies. and a former deputy us assistant secretary of state, if i would welcome to all of you. but let's start by looking at the timing of these tests. ok, young, why are we saying this barrage of missile tests now? yeah, we have to see the context. well, as you see, you last september, north korea announce is nuclear force horace act and the law is closed. so you are going to see if you could have daughtry, the kingdom has been claiming since the april military re,

you know, it is intended to c l, u s. and south korea and they'll do group horses on horses are now over asia. and by shooting all these mr. they say, then i mean they are ready. allister, how concerning is it for japan that this intermediate range ballistic missile flu 1st of all, over its lamp. second of all, it was unannounced. well i think for everybody and obligation to a nurse launches which the cpr always ignore was in japan. clearly it gave rise to notices to, to citizens in northern japan and some places. the massage was

clearly the most are went beyond japan. the range was probably intended to demonstrate a capability to reach guam, but i'm a good neighbor. no career is well aware that systems in north korea that can strike japan the new care posture that the north korean. so that makes it clear that if no new positive associated with a new camera in any action against the b r k, then they can become targets as well. so of course it's a reason for particular concern for absolutely, and how much of a concern mark is it for the us? is this kim jong and testing by them? well, the united states is certainly concerned with the growing modernization and expansion

of north korea's nuclear program. nuclear weapon surely could hit in the could surely put fit in the nose cone of the missile that was just launched. and the fact that this, the trajectory of the missile launch was more normal than the, than the previous test that went up and then then down. north korea is refining its ability to hit spaces. and the united states is firm in its defense of japan and south korea. but aware that north korea is trying to say that if there is a conflict on the korean peninsula that north korea would try to war in the us off by saying that it could hit any us cities or bases if united states were to be engaged in such a conflict, i don't think united states will be, will be deterred by that, but it is certainly an escalation as what, noting this is not the longest range missile, but no threat hasn't. it's off. no,

no, they've got into intercontinental ballistic missiles. they successfully tested in 2017 and i expect that we will see another such test of an icbm in the coming months. is that the feeling of young and south korea just give us an idea of what the policy that is from the current government towards the north government is trying to deter the those korean provocation. and i mean while we are trying to do much more, you know, other 610 or for example yesterday no school. yeah. and ground exercise is you know,

vital and bama plane and our air force lunch like slowly bipolar to you know, in terms of abby no threat. i just trying to get an idea of what the, what units y'all feels towards what is his policy towards the north because of course his previous assa attempted engagements and that didn't get very far. so what is this current government's approach? yeah, well i mean, we are, we are trying to do, you know, was a toe and, you know, deal with a, you know, any of those things like these. i mean, the why don't you clearly said the nurse putting out was to, you know, told to us, and we will, you know, provide any help, no player needs. i mean, the present, you know, 40 or beiges initial p lo,

which include a lot of, well, any, only if you know, coming to the they wish asian. but i mean, when doors would have tried to this kind of cation sounds pretty, we're bone we, us and also as you see what is really different from the previous government, the step one is now working. also with japan, you as always have example to be a try to corp was, our government has its own, you know, a problem, but parents you, if i mean, i mean if you did this, you know, egypt is there allister enough international cooperation on this? i mean, remember back to the times of the 6 policy tools on team you can arise ation. whether it was a united from dealing with north korea. now it appears to be so fractions. how much

coordination is there and, and what more is needed? what i would just like to the point that was made of our cooperation between japan and the republic career. and i think that is, that is important. and in terms of deterrence of north korea clearly aligning the what's called the triad nature of the u. s. alliance with japan, with the republic of korea is important looking at the wider international community, the being does an obligation or every member states to implement the united nations security council functions as there has been much action by many member states. but this is very obvious at the moment, there is polarized a sheet on the security council,

and that there is not the unanimity that the was in, for instance, decision making on introducing further sanctions in the security council in terms of what is needed are clearly and effective security council is vital for this issue and for many issues in international peace and security. and it's a major concern that the, the unity is not, that i don't believe that any actual further coalition. oh, it's a national member face is going to deter north korea from its determination to maintain its ballistic missile programs and it's new care programs. but nevertheless, the coordination is still required to ensure that the deterrent effect is that

and this sanctions bite and the, the message you said not just to north korea but to other countries as well. why is that? i would say if, if, if the, if there was unity on further sanctions, but it didn't make any difference. what would be the point? i didn't say it wouldn't make any difference. i didn't think it would change the determination of the dpr k to maintain its its programs. i think that in the long run maintaining sanctions and actually enforcing more effectively to current sanctions. and indeed, sure the security council designed by new sections does increase the pressure on the dpr k, the dpr k in mind. you cannot achieve any real meaningful economic growth under the sanctions. even though actually it has in effect sanctioned itself with it kind of bit measure that in the long run does have an impact and actually

creates a pressure that it can then be used for diplomacy. but at the moment of mark said, there is no indication that the d p. k is ready to respond to the or the to the diplomacy. i also say that the sanction is actually can delay the, the continued roll out of the program, even though it's very clear that the dpr k has reached a high level of development and has high levels of indigenous capacity. i think we've seen the past suddenly month that sanctions only really work when china is fully on board because of course they supply an awful lot of fuel and food to the d p r k. to what extent is the u. s. coordinating or able to coordinate with china on this front was not able to coordinate at all. china and

russia had refused. new un sanctions refused earlier this year. and china has really relaxed its implementation of existing sanctions. so given all the areas in which the united states and china are at odds, china is in no mood to cooperate with united states on with regard to north korea. so i don't, i don't think we can really expect much there. if i may, you know, say if we're looking at other tools in the tool box, there's one i think that might actually be effective immediately. but that is, you know, we talk about sending messages. let's send an actual message to north korea in the past several years ago. so 3, it was very effective when it turned down he turned on huge loudspeakers along the border of the dmc and broadcast 10 kilometers in the north korea.

messages about the, you know, the correction of the regime interface with a q k pop songs to girls and so forth. my understanding of talking with the north korean defector once is this had a real impact in north korea. and if it's one way that we can do something that's not all lethal, but could, you know, make the other side listen physically and metaphorically. absolutely. well they could hardly not listen so good. they are you ok? what do you think of that idea? is it a viable one? is it something that the south korean government that is that 3 entertainment you know what i actually i view that you know, let the those good low. uh, we'll situation is really important. but i mean, well, i don't think that the, the, the broadcast b, m these, you know,

i mean, well, as we, as you see in the premium we're, i mean the, the loaner service can you pack, you know, or can. so what i think that, i mean, if we provide the pre internet and, you know, i like the ways that they can connect to maybe i mean, that were, you know, bring down this, you know, the tape to learn as to how, what is the state of life for people inside north korea and yet it came down the need to plant success of a cove it 2 months ago. doing how much we know about the economic situation and the social situation for people there now. well, much as we would like to know, i was very 2018 and the british empathy, like many of the european embassies all over europe, and many overemphasis closed in in 2022 times to reopen again. so the sort of

information that was coming out from north korea, through the observations of diplomats in the countries into the observations of un and other age workers in the country has dried up some and the fees remain. i mean, it seems very likely that the situation is poor. they, there are no numbers of debt really from kind of big 90, of course in suffering death. 90 career is by no means are low and probably the level of food proficiency is very, very low. and you can only activity is well at the moment, but whether this is at the level of severity that we've seen in the 2nd half of the

1900 ninety's, which of course, the regime managed to survive is not clear. i hope it isn't. and i think it probably is, but the, the situation is good. in terms of information access, there is less access to information. now, there was a few years ago because of the closed border between the dpi, okay, and china, and the rest of the world as to how much then is this of these tests a message to the domestic audience or indeed distraction for the domestic audience from the living situations but if you have to do so, i do believe that the, the program a launch is but if you can start development, nuclear weapons development is essentially a military program program. clearly,

at times there are announcements of individual tests which are used for internal propaganda. i think the history of the image of an external enemy is important for the regime in its management of the people. but i don't think that the latest test, the test in the last 2 weeks are primarily aimed at distracting the people with the intention of the leadership. i think they really don't want to put out information about them in their own media propaganda. so they've been remarkably silent about market the last time we saw this, many missile tests was in 2017. then of course we had a nuclear test at the end, towards the end of that year. lot of talk about another 7th nuclear test. what's your theory on that and when it might happen, because there are, of course,

some key global dates coming up. we've got china's come is party congress. we've got the u. s. midterm elections. you've got no quiz work as ponti anniversary. do you have any theories as to when, if this might happen, where i and i don't have any theories that are better than the theories being discussed in south korea, where there's a view that a test during the upcoming workers party congress is the most likely timeframe so i think that maybe the middle of october, or in the weeks there after i've been expecting another nuclear test for some time . and the indications are that the site has been prepared for it to you know, i think when it's imminent we will get more information. we have very good satellite coverage of that site and some very good analyst who can look at it and tell us what's happening. i haven't seen that yet, but expect we will. i think before the end of the year we're,

we're going to get into your test. we're probably going to get an icbm test. and things are going to just get more and more attempts. and again, is there a plan, south korea, in response to this you know, what i mean? our security council. i mean, they are trying to figure out if there's any, you know, citing the nuclear cap and i mean they have last a plan. i mean wasted, and they promised different, i mean, to deal with the, as the treasure after the warrior has done this town. i mean, well actually they, our government partition is, is that, i mean, we, we will do every, you know, possible measure, you know,

after law school had these, this, you know, the new could pass them and we will then boom and working with the u. s. and as japan, what would that look like alice? what would that response b? i'm not sure what the, what the particular measures would be. and i think you can look at measures that can be taken in, in response to the ballistic missile program. increased emphasis on cooperation looking again at the deterrence seat detection and deterrence tools are, i'm sure that the united states from united kingdom and i don't have the security council and the brochure in china will work hard to get

a new resolution and security council if there is a nuclear test, i would hope that they would succeed, but it's hard to be optimistic at the moment. i mean, clearly, member states can take autonomous measures in relation to sanctions. and if the un, a description to level is paralyzed, then they may well do so. and there's scope, of course, for secondary sanctions against china. should members decide that that is crucial to that month. last thought for me in the last 30 seconds we have what is north korea want to more less they want to protection against what they do as a potential attack on their entry. they're wrong about that. they're wrong about who started the korean war, but they want to defend themselves, and they also wanna be treated and also see themselves as an equal united states.

they loved it. when president donald trump spoke with their president, i think it was a failed opportunity that that leadership summit didn't result in any deals. we could've had something and both sides ask for too much. okay, fantastic. thank you very much already for joining us. ok. young alice morgan and mark as patrick and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website as al jazeera dot com for further discussion to go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. it was a during the conversation on twitter. we're at a j inside story from me laura kyle and the whole team here is bye for now. ah ah.

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