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. what changes every with me. so robin day, hot reminder of our top new stories, the battle is intensifying as ukrainian force is trying to advance into the lance region. thousands of russian troops have retreated in recent days, leaving behind major destruction. russia says road and rail traffic has resumed on a vital bridge that connects crimea to mainland russia, but it was damaged by a large explosion early on saturday. but i am at val has more from moscow. this was the moment caught on amateur video camera at 607 am local time in crimea, purportedly showing a cargo track exploding on the motorway parallel to the catch bridge. the blast was so huge. flames, as the breeze crossed to the other lane and reached a fuel cargo train that was passing by russia. the government was quick to respond

. the speaker of the state duma described the incident as a terrorist attack and an act of war or russian president vladimir putin. has ordered an investigation committee be set up to find out who is behind it and how it happened. the most realistic is to explanations. one would be a laser guided on or at least a $125.00 kilos. and the other possibility would be sabotaged from special forces. from part offense, you're seeing an extension of the conflict. the ukrainians are now bringing the fight into the rear areas of the supply of russian forces. the catch bridge, also called the crimea bridge, is one of russia, the most vital supply lines, and it's only land link with the crimean peninsula. it was opened by law, me to put in in 2018, 4 years after russia and next the climate territory from ukraine. the explosion

caused 2 sections of the bridge to collapse and several trained carriages caught fire traffic on the entire bridge came to a standstill. the sea ferrying arch under the bridge was not affected, but this will likely pose several challenges for rushes capabilities to supply its troops. and other administrative operations in crimea. the catch bridge is less than 300 kilometers away from the nearest bottom flights in steps on. and here in mainland russia, no one seems to doubt the if you don't, is directly linked to the war and ukraine. and every finger of accusation is pointed at keith 100 fun davila moscow. ukraine's president of ms. lewinsky reference the bridge attack in his night. the address but didn't acknowledge that his forces were responsible when your mother held today was a good and mostly sunny day in our country. unfortunately,

it was cloudy and crimea, although it was still warm. but however, the clouds ukrainian to know what to do. and i know that our future is sunny. this is the future without invaders on all out his traits, in particular, in crimea, south korea and japan say north korea has 5 to short range ballistic missiles, the 7 such weapons test in recent days. softwares, military call that a serious provocation, that hump piece. now the launch came hours after the u. s. and south korea completed a new round of naval trails. rallies have been held in cities across the us in support of reproductive rights organizes are hoping to encourage people to vote the politicians who back abortion rights in the mid term elections. but is really soldier, have been killed and 3 other people were wounded after the tank. a delivery checkpoints in occupied east jerusalem. police said a palestinian government opened fire on the check point the ship thought to refugee camp. the funeral is also being held for

a 17 year old palestinian boy killed by israeli forces during a raid in the jeanine refugee camp. hollister and officials say is ready. soldiers have killed at least 3 teenagers in the occupied west bank. in the last 24 hours, the us is reviewing requests from haiti for international security support is asked for a specialized armed force as the security situation of the island deteriorates. gangs of blockaded the main port after the prime minister ended fuel subsidies. those are the headlines won't use in half, nor we returned to the bottom line here on al jazeera. ah, i am steve clements and i have a question. who is winning the war in ukraine? let's get to the bottom line. ah,

the ukraine war is no ordinary territorial dispute between neighbors. as a wise man said recently, this is going to shape the rest of the 21st century. if russia loses or doesn't get what it once it's going to be a different russia afterward. and if russia wins, it's going to be a different europe afterward. the stakes really couldn't be higher. so what's going on in vladimir putin's mind right now? western media paint him as a leader forced into a corner facing military setbacks and getting more and more frustrated and desperate. how accurate is that? last week we got the view from washington, and today we're getting the view from moscow. we're talking with andre cartoon off the director general of the russian international affairs council. he's one of the country's leading experts in russian foreign policy and international relations. andre, it's great to be with you and talking with you right now on such a sober issue. let me just ask you from our perceptions in washington. one of the things i want to get into today is how, what we're seeing in washington, we're think we're seeing and washington may in fact,

not align with how things look per moscow. but as we've seen, a new phase in the conflict between russia and ukraine, basically develop now, what is the dashboard from your perspective in, in moscow? well, i think that it would be fair to say that there have been 2 major developments or recently the 1st of on our was of course are the decision of the president confirmed by the russian parliament to incorporate the 4 ukrainian regents into the russian federation. and dar, this 2nd one was saw to launch showed these are partial mobilization, our, which is an indicator that the special mentally operation needs some kind of adjustments that are, it doesn't bring the results that are the russian leadership bar was anticipating to get her. so i think that her, these 2 developments sir,

will have at least 3 major implications are, are for the situation or in this conflict. are 1st of all, i think it's now fair to say that any political, a settlement between russia and ukraine is old out, at least for the foreseeable future. because you cannot imagine the ukrainian leadership are willing to agree to a major loss of its territory, especially now when i ukraine, allegedly has this strategic initiative. oh, it doesn't mean that we will have no negotiations ard between the osh and ukraine. there might be negotiations on technical law situational issues. so for instance, some agreements or not prisoners exchanger, there might be our extensions, offered the grain deal because these gained deal expires in november. it has to be

extended further. there might be some consultation saw on the safety of these up asia nuclear power plant. ah, maybe some other agreements are, but i don't think that are the ukrainian said di, either eddie or william or to, to becca, to discuss a political settlement of with, doesn't put in and this is what our cousins announced. he has already stated quite clearly that i, he is ready to negotiate with russia, but not with booted. so that's the 1st or implication of what are has happened. the 2nd implication is that a given the fact that our, our shirt has announced this partial mobilization. i and her, the odds are that i in a couple of weeks from now a may be in the month, may be in 2 months from now. they'll be a major reinforcement, sir. i get into the frontline. ah, it would be logical for ukraine to try to are used the window hope,

but unity that they still have are in order to make a significant advances are, are on the ground as possible. and this is what we already see. a within a couple of days or ukrainians or what time to push harder. both are in don't bus and the in the south are the messages that we get to here are, are mixed her, of course, of the russian military commander claim. so that to most of the you canyon are counter offensives, flailed, but this is yet to be seen. but it's clear that we will see unfortunately another cycle of escalation, and we don't know how long this cycle of escalation will last for. and finally, i think that definitely ah, you clean will try to use these decisions so by the carbon are in order to seek. busy support from the west and are. busy are the of the with the you can the

leadership has already, arden made a beat chard to join nato. i think are these are pitched, met her a. busy mixed her own action in the west, but nevertheless they expect to get more or military assistance. so our more intelligent supporter, more supporting terrain in or personnel. i end up more economic support. so unfortunately, i don't see any light in the end of the tunnel. all right, now, i'm afraid of the things are likely to get worse before they can get any better. how much pain and stress is being felt by moscow right now over their decisions on ukraine? well, it's also something that has changed dramatically. our because our, our, i think earlier of, for most people living in most good was almost like a computer game. ah, in the sense that this conflict was far and far away,

of course, ugh, la moskowitz, of felt some pain. but these are being, was felt primarily by the moscow middle class of people who go to of in a vest, m deek. so or a supermarket, a fast food chains are definitely are, are these out primarily young, urban professionals. i and they felt unhappy about the adjuster minority. they're not up bog. oh, they're not the bulk of the russian society. i and i are those people who are lever in small town, soar in rural areas. i in various national republic, sir, in the russian federation. they didn't turn field this. they ain significantly are or i, maryland, because they do not consume while foreign made goods, they don't go shopping to lessen type moles. and now of course it is different

because these so partial mold mobilization is something that affects all the regions and died can affect to any family in the county. not surprisingly was so, so many people who tried to leave the country. we don't know how many of them, but clearly a, these are large numbers, may be hundreds of solvents of people trying to escape this mobilization. i, again, i don't think that all of that constitutes an immediate to chill and shot to the russian little chip a. but definitely a of this is something that the leadership i should keep in mind. why planning ah, other actions that might lead to, to florida collision? you know, we recently did a show here on the bottom line with nuclear experts. cory shockey from the american enterprise institute in john wolf's fall, who is involved with nuclear arms control issues in the obama administration. and

they were both rather measured about some of the discussion of a potential use of a tactical nuclear warhead device in this battle. but i'm just sort of interested in, not whether president putin would make that decision to recall. but whether or not the consequences of that decision are understood by russian national security elite and what, what rubicon, that would mean that you would be going over? well this is one of the issues we are really are concerned me a lot because i cannot describe what's going on in the clarendon. i do not know ah, but are i e r observed for that in the public discourse. are there is. busy more and more, ah intention or at least to readiness to accept a nuclear war. and they said that, well, you know, nuclear war is bad,

but if it is controlled, if we're talking about the use of fall tactical, a low yield or nuclear weapons, probably this is not the end of the rule to am dar. this is something are which are, is affordable. i consider such discussions and such positions to be are very dangerous. because of course, our wants to embark on this road. it is extremely difficult to stop, even if it is a low yield, even if it is just a demonstration use of nuclear weapons somewhere in the black sea region or in the baltic sea region. but it might lead to an inadvertent escalation. and of course, a, in the end of the day, it might to lead to as to t. juke nuclear exchange or with all the or implications that these exchange shot might bring are. so it is dangerous. i think that of course,

it is also clear that all nuclear powers preserve a degree of ambiguity about their music. nuclear strategies they do, you do not want to be too explicit about the circumstances under which you might be ready to use nuclear weapons. but i think that a, it would be in everybody's interest to just to exclude the nuclear dimension from these conflict. he and i, i think that any news, any of nuclear weapons in this conflict, or will be detrimental to everybody engaged so that i should be avoided. and i think that everybody should direct confirmed the statement that was made to earlier this year. i think in genet by the prominent members of the united nations security council that to you cannot or when in the nuclear war. and that's why you should not start a nuclear war. ah, one of the interests that i think

a lot of us have in the west that are watching this is say, how did we get here? why did russia or invade ukraine? what was the essentially the driver of this moment? is there a perception that flirting with ukraine, with regards to nato, helped draw russia into it's next vietnam? whoa, i think the, to the official narrative here is that it is not really a war between russia and a grain. it's a conflict between russia and the west. her many officials saw in this city, argued that your cleaner is not an independent actor. ukraine exists on that life support system provided by the west. and the perception is that a ukraine would have been defeated, would have her capitulated long time ago,

if not for the western assistance or so. i think the perception here e, under this is the narrative which is presented by the prussian leadership. that of the west term has been enter russian for a very long time that the wester would like her if not to, to completely destroy russia, then to weaken it. to the extent of that russia would cease to be an independent player in international relations. and ukraine is just a tool in the capable hands or western politicians. so lisa, so the narrative which is presented by the russian leadership. do you still agree with that? and essentially what we're seeing now are the aftershocks of many decades later of that soviet empire, that soviet space kilt still coming undone. yeah, thank you for reminding me of my, your paper. indeed, i made

a point and i still believe of that. ah, defacto, the soviet union did not to disintegrate, beckon 1991 or because of though the 15 constituent republics declared their independence and started working on their state hoods. but it was a very long and precarious process and are for a long period of time up are the former bits and pieces of the soviet union or state together in terms of the economic or transportation for structure or in term saw or fall logistics, sir, in tom saw all 4 of the perceptions and mentality are only grad yulu. we're sore a real disengagement. i iananda. ah, that's why it was so easy to dissolve the soviet union. nobody really cared that

much about these decisions because so many people thought that nothing would change that up. they would simply, you know, the status of this independence and our life. i would go on a bud gradually. we've observed that to various countries. so half a developed a very different to development injectors. and i, if you compare for instance or austin, you, can you see that the, these 2 parts of the former soviet union, which constituted the core of the soviet union, ah, gradually started diverging from each other on may beer. it was because said they inherited to different to legacies ah, of the soviet union, maybe because they got different leaders. but definitely ukraine of was so move in are in the direction of western liberal or models,

not always. so consistently. i was some said beck's e and even now you karina are kinda hard to be qualified as a mature democracy. but to russia started moving away from liberal bottles. he and i, we've seen a very clear strategic disengagement between russia and ukraine. are we sure, of course, contributed a lot of to these conflict? i'm very interested andre, and how your friends and colleagues in the international affairs circuit are viewing the solvency of the u. s. relationships inside nato. you know, i, you and i have attended some of the same conferences. we see, you know, kind of celebration if you will, of nato, again in light of responding after russia's invasion of ukraine. but at the same time, under their breath, those leaders in europe will say, we saw january 6th. things were different under president trump. we know that america is not as dependable in ally as it once might have been,

at least that's their calculation. and i'm interested in whether that is seen as an opportunity in moscow or a sign of crumbling american influence as compared to a sending american influence. well, let me said that up or within the expert community at least a nobody question. so the factor that we observe law and enhanced a western cohesion that a. busy of the vesta has managed to unite itself, ah, partially, ah, due to efforts of present biden, about posture, leah, to the decisions meda in europe and also in east asia. and the main discussion that we have here is about whether these son you cohesion, ah, is situational or something we shaw was triggered primarily, a by your office actions in ukraine, and something which is limited to asha. only

a something that might and, ah, eva, the a conflict is resolved or if the conflict of is frozen or are other, we should ha, look at these caucasian as a, a strategic shift. something that will go beyond russia, something which will affect a western attitudes to china up to the global south and something that would last. busy of were at least a couple of years because a dependent on now grad at these cohesion, ah, the is tactical or strategic. or we might have found that a different project. it has saw all flaw the global or the development. ah, and are some said that in 2 years from now i may be in the united states, you will have another donald trump, i and that will be the into all the west. the unity ah, this would said that i,

it's not about personalities. bud, the west is concerned, not only about russia, it is concerned about to their eyes of china. so these cohesion i is the, are to stay. so this is the discussions that we have for in moscow. unfortunately, it is more difficult right now to share our views with our colleagues in europe and the united states about to hook the after i and to do our best to stay in touch. i'm interested in whether the change in leadership that a lot of people in the west become obsessed with that this is all putin. is it your assessment that that is an accurate analysis? that any one, not any one, but that from the, from the available potentials around russian leadership. that if there were to be someone there, does this system does the scaffolding around russian decision making right now have more to do with russia's course than one individual go personnel. it is do matter. i don't think that we should a limit to the,

the problems between russia and the wester to personnel that it's only, i think her, unfortunately, oh, they are more serious them just a issue. so of particular leaders. and let me just ask you finally, andre is we often discuss the west and russia in this situation in a silo. there are other big powers in the world, china, india, others that have basically straddled the relationships. and in particular, i'd be interested in your perception of china's choices right now. ok. and how china could play a role either a pro, from russia's perspective, anti, or stay somewhere in between. i think that to china takes a very cautious position in these conflict. her definitely it would like her to support our usher against nater and against the united states in particular because aid has its own problems with the washington

d. c. i n darcy's natural partner for china in this confrontation. ah, well are, i'm not sure that china is ready to support or are she gazed ukraine or because so china has its own problems of separatism. it doesn't like separatism. ah, it has never recognized her. the changed legal status of the crimean been this to la. i it, there are other confirms it's supporter of the territorial integrity and independence of ukraine are. so it is not ready to support our moscow against keith . on top of that. busy we should not forget that our chinese concerned about secondary sanctions. at least the chinese private sector are, is not a d r 2 r r explicitly. ah, why later the e u m. the eat he the united states, sir? ah. busy busy restrictions are in tate i it days are also are in our

country a has its own agenda. i. so i think that i, china will continue to be very cautious. ah, without her, ah, ah, breakin from her shock and die. it will abstain in the united nations or it's will a definitely a supporter ashley in terms of for buying more russian oil and gas or but right. it is not likely to go against a ukraine in an explicit way. but i just responded to your question and that will be my last pointer. i think that if you put aside are these are. busy very a said i and very tragic conflict or with ukraine or the real challenge there to roster has a is not a choice between the west and china, or it's a choice or between the ah,

what i would call our cell in self inflicted isolationism. i enter an integration. realism of the question is not to choose between the east and the west or between the european union though and east asia. the question is whether russia is willing to integrate into a broad, international community or it through us or to stay outside of this community. and this is, i think, a fundamental choice that the country it has to make. well, that's a very stark i and, and well articulated fork in the road. andre cartoon off director general of the russian international affairs council and moscow. thank you so much for being with us today and thank you for your candor. thank you. so what's the bottom line war is not just about the battlefield. perceptions of struggle of success loss ambition, psychological warfare play a huge role in the west. recent ukrainian advances had been taken to mean that russia is losing badly. so moscow might as well recognize as in give up,

but is that really how moscow sees it? another problem it's blocking us from piercing through the fog of war is the emphasis on the cult of personality. we're personalizing the issue as if vladimir putin is the only problem. sure putin is in control of his country and government. but even if it were someone else would, the next russian leader have invaded ukraine, much like now justified by claims that it was vital for russia's national security in the west. we tend to mirror image thinking other nations will think and act like we do. but the truth is that putin doesn't see the world, the same as joe biden, and biden doesn't see the world the same as the landscape regardless of how and when this war ends. it won't be pretty because war almost never brings about clear cut solutions to these conflicts of interest. and that's the bottom line ah. on counting the cost a major,

you turn on tax cuts in the u. k. piece did enough to limit the financial damage and other wake up call on the cost of climate change from horak. and he and plus boeing reveals how it cross plans to go green by 2015. counting the cost on edge, is it sears from al jazeera? on the go and me tonight out is there is only a mobile app is left to you. this is where we dissects. analyze the fun with from algae. there is a mobile app available in your favorite app store. just set for it and tapped out a new app from al jazeera new at you think it ah.