occasion campaigns hands hope the team will repeat its story performance from 2014 in brazil where they reached the quarter finals. the site earned the label of giant killers after finishing top of the group they shared with italy, england, and uruguay. and the former defender and national legend, michael, who magna scored the winning penalty that sent cost that he came to the quarter finals in brazil. he says the current team has what it takes to get out of the group stage. once again ala. with that as an indo salomon with the truth, as we like being in a group like this one to compete with the best. that's what you do in a world camp faced the best. i feel optimistic. i know our national team shows its best when it faces the world's most powerful the next generation of players hoping for another strong showing and guitar allison them yet, did i just sierra san jose costa rica ah,

knew without jazeera the top stories. ukraine says 12 ships loaded with more than $350000.00 tons of grain have left it's black, see ports the most moved and the single day under you and broke an export deal. last, despite russia's withdrawal from the grain agreement, moscow announced it was pulling out of the deal on saturday, after accusing key of, of attacking its fleet. in the annex crimean peninsula, president flor demand zalinski says ukraine will continue the great deal as agreed with the un and turkey. the un humanitarian chief martin griffiths, has addressed the security council saying the grey and exports of vital to the global community summer restroom. the value of this quite extraordinary effort. they said it's not enough that the food is going to the wrong places. and that's the wrong type of food. mark my words. when things go awry as read as now,

we can see together how much good it can do and has been during. we insist as we have all along that the exports from both of these global bread baskets. ukraine and russia, are vital, we need unimpeded exports from both. as saying, with the ukraine of branch of russia, miss ours have hit critical energy infrastructure in several cities across ukraine, 80 percent of residents in the capital key of our without running water. hundreds of people have been forced to q to collect supplies. and in the 2nd largest city of ha, keith underground train. some trolley buses have stopped running. brazil's outgoing leader, jaya boston, arrow has yet to concede defeat, following sunday's presidential election. he's due to speak in the coming hours. his left, his rival, former president lewis in osteo lula to silver one that tightly contested one vote against the far right incumbent. a police task force has been set up to look into

the deadly crush during a halloween festival in south korea. with the government, promising a thorough and transparent investigation or than a 150 people were killed in the crowd. surge south korea's president, the join mourners and a shrine in their honor. right? you're up to date. those are the top stories. stay with us. the stream is coming up . next you're watching. i'll just hear. ah, it i, i welcome to the stream, i'm josh rushing, sitting in for for me. okay. the world health organization is leading

a public awareness campaign aimed at tackling high rates of debt by suicide across africa. and it's urgent governments across the continent to do more for people in crisis. so today we ask, why is there a mental health emergency in africa? hey, look, if you're watching this on youtube, seattle box like right there. we have a live stream producer waiting, get your questions and comments to me. so i can get them to our expert turn the show. so let's do this together and it's really important show today i can use your help, but i want to warn you, we're going to be talking about some sensitive issues that include mental health and death by suicide. ah, joining us to discuss the mental health crisis across africa. avi way, fernand, he is a senior officer at united for global mental health. she's in cape town, south africa mosca cosa, is founder at mind. lab africa, mental health care,

non profit. she joins us from kampala, uganda, and from jose nigeria, we have ruth tilley kado. she is a journalist in a mental health advocate. alright, avi way, i'd like to begin with you. and so you're sitting in south africa and yeah, 6 of the 10 countries in the world that had the highest suicide rates are in sub saharan africa. but 3 of those countries are actually within the borders of south africa. so i'm just, i want to ask you what's going on there, what's happening with mental health in south africa? so yeah, as you said, we definitely have a mental health crisis in south africa. the biggest challenge is that we have a challenge of avoidance. we don't have the right policies, and there's still quite a lot of stigma when it comes to mental health challenges and mental health as a whole. and we have 23 suicide deaths in south africa every day. and then

$460.00 attempts of suicide deaths in south africa every single day. so at the moment it really is a crisis that we're in and we don't have enough services as a country. there's a 93 percent treatment gap. so it means that the number of people that need access to care and the people that receive care, i'm not enough. we don't have enough services. a mental health policy lapse in 2020 and it has not yet been updated. many of the mental health service workers a not trained enough to serve the people that are in their communities. and so that really leaves us in a space where we are constantly being reactive to the mental health crisis. and not necessarily being preventative towards positive mental health. whether you want to try to do this campaign, i want to bring her doctor joseph

a board. he's the director for program management. that the who, here's what he has to say about us. millions of people needed care do not have access to services with encrypted conditions leading to staggering debussy, fish and such a disability substance abuse and even suicide ended and africa therapy come to john as the highest 3 top suicide globally. iran 11 out of 100000 people die by suicide every year. and it is above the global average of 98100000 people. so liz, he's talking about the suicide rights there and added to me. suicides in this issue are the canary in the coal mine, but they're also kind of the tip of the iceberg of a mental health crisis. i don't know if we need to focus as much necessarily on

suicide as why those numbers are so high and that's kind of the broader mental health crisis. now you're in, you god, you're joining us in the middle of a power outage. as i write in uganda, you got about a 1000000 chance in the air of kampala. so you, i think we have a delay that that's okay. i'll be patient has my question, but in uganda you have a one and 1000000 chance of meeting a psychiatrist. meaning, for every 1000000 people that live there, you have one psychiatrist, but as long as you're in a power outage right now, how does the country, i guess tree out what they need to address here? do they address, getting you more steady electricity, or do they address? getting more psychiatrist. i thank you for your question. if you are strictly question, but of course would be to get more electricity rate. we're not,

but it's one point where we take mental health very, very seriously. like you bet for a population of 4546000000. definitely went psychiatrists. yes. and it's very disheartening. you know, we couldn't go. we couldn't blame all of our africa. mental health trying to do it, we can say, oh, there's a lack of awareness live, but they are people doing that that way? correct? that's what we do. that's what i really does rate, but we have, we have a policy that we haven't access gap, right? so it's not just enough to say it is nor when it or to blame it on stigma, but we need to ask ourselves as that precedent question where, what are we doing to address what action are we taking to address the mental health crisis. and i'll tell you, feel free, we aren't doing enough. okay. just if i me don't work. i'm coming to you. i'm coming to you and you're here in nigeria. actually want to set you up with

a bit of a package from out just here a reporter mohammed address. he did this, he was showing kind of children who have been in boca harm camps and they're receiving this kind of psychological support. after the camps, it was run this clip born and raised quarter i'm camps these children are experiencing for the 1st time. what it means to be a child. oh, they're part of the 6000 victims and family members of bull caught on fighters who send it to nigerians. the georgia forces in the past few months after a few weeks of psychological support. those helping them are surprised by the rapid trustful mission. they see you see a lot of them coming into the safe space looking very distress thinking hungry. what alpha weeks of engagement. oh, because me, it has been a whole theme on some time depending on how we see there wasn't a b, c and all of that. so we offer the engagement, you see a lot of changes,

you see them interacting better. you see them taking leadership roles, isn't them doing for martha? so ruth, watching this clip, it seems kind of promising. actually it seems, is there a lot of children who are getting the psychological support that they might need? is that common in nigeria is that is that the situation there where you are? ok. thank you very much. just thank you for having me on the show. so like lisa said, well also i, jerry at, charlie is not necessarily that we don't have the doctors all. there was a lack of awareness that challenge mostly is the fact that we have a silent culture, a culture where something just the taboo. you can talk about and so what's in the video, you know, it's really hopeful, i'm excited to see because nigerians know they know that, you know, this young people need this interventions. it will people who are just kidnapped by

vocal her, or bandy, need these interventions because when they come back into the society, i tell you not the same people. yeah, not the same people who come back into society and it's difficult for them to acclimatize so they also need this psychological health intervention is such a way that you know, they can come back and be normal people because what they see in dose, bushes is know what normal people should go through. and so yeah, there is a lot of intervention now. there is a lot of a when that's the challenge is the idea of the silent cultural where, you know, we don't want to talk about mental issues. nobody wants to identify as having mental issues. and i think you're hitting a cord for lives here because in uganda the word suicide, right? i guess the word suicide itself is terrible. yeah. and the act of it is actually get criminalized. i don't even understand how that plays out yet. do you touch on the yes so yes, suicide is criminalized. it's it's,

it's no friends. i'm and it never made sense to me because what do you do when someone days from so they say, you know, do you try and do what do you charge them with it never made sense to me and this is, i was actually one of the issues that were highlighted during while suicide prevention day last month. and so yes, there's still a lot of stigma around the web suicide. it's not easy to say is speak about in public, i mean as a suicide. and so right, it's a part of my story that i often know mix when i am doing my work around awareness and advocacy work around around mental health. so we are we are also living in sort of a, you know, silent culture. it's very taboo. even from you know, a cultural perspective, if someone died from suicide, they don't receive

a proper burial over the past year. i know people close to me that have died from suicide or, you know and loved ones of people close to me. and that has been that, that instant that has been the situation, right? so i still need, we have a very long way to go in terms of getting people to, of addressing. and, you know, understanding this over addressing the stigma around suicide. and i keep saying it is our inability to talk about suicide. that in the longer i was, is more suicides. rates are, are you tube audience? and let me tell you something. if you don't know much about the world, youtube comments is not a place where there's a lot of gratitude and positivity, but we actually are getting a lot of gratitude for talking about this today. so maybe people are tired of it being taboo and other. let me throw a couple of comments, were actually getting on twitter and from you tube here. this is from someone in

the real should banassi trev viddy. they said the stigma surrounding mental illness in africa is so bad is now become denial. it's easy to jump to conclusions such as witchcraft. people replace prescription with prayer, when things turn to work, they say god's will. he goes on to say, a priest, a pastor, a shake, a clan elder is more trusted than a medical doctor or psychiatrist, a patient refusing prescription from a doctor in favor of rituals. pisses me off because it's suicide. bait this business in which integrity is obsolete. sad individuals are unaware why he had a lot to say, but either way, can you pick up on that? oh yeah, definitely it's. it's something that i think in every african culture, regardless of where you are, it's the same thing. culture and religion are imbedded in african just put the everyday life of africans and with mental health. i think what exasperate the crisis apart from the style and culture is that immediately when people are showing

signs off going into a depressive episode, or if they communicate even feeling suicidal. immediately there really gave it to the background. they told that they need to half an up culturally they told, i know in south africa it's usually associated with an ancestral calling. so what people call plaza and you're meant to go and go into initiation for true being a traditional healer. or if you need to go for prayer, so all these different elements of what it is in terms of african culture to be viewed as experiencing a mental illness. but again, as often opportunity. i think with all of that there's always an opportunity. so now it's coming back to how do we actually look at the different systems and societies were functioning in and actually develop programs that work. so integrating more community based services. the something that i advocates for locked an african suicide because sitting across

a psychiatrist. so it's hard to just immediately the world, the app, there is a level of guardedness, there's a level of holding back and, and already there's just so much taboos sitting within a person. and i think if we bring in elements of community, because community, something that is so important to africans, that in actually when we integrate mental health services, it's important for us to also remember what is culturally appropriate. what can work for people that are operating in the societies and they can just adam the element of mental while be know we have, if i may just jump in. okay, so if i, hey, you know, my great aunt actually committed suicide. so i'm married now, but if my husband's family knew that someone in my lean age had committed suicide, it would not touch me within long spawn. and that is amazing because i just got to know there's like 3 years ago, i was stuck into my mom. i don't know if she intended to tell me and you know,

she just put it out there and i'm like, what, wait, what did you say? and, you know, she goes on tells me the story. but then now i'm happy that you know, several years down the line, we can sit down and talk about this so that people know that even if someone in your family has committed suicide or someone, you know, a loved one has committed suicide. that stigmatization has to stop, because if we don't stop the stigmatization, then people will not be willing to come out and talk about the a mental health situation. you know, like you sat, joshua alia there, we're a lot that leads to suicide. given us nicholas trauma, trauma could build up, i'm going to depression and but here even asked me to us trauma, we don't pay attention to he someone says, i'm trauma. nice. and everyone laughed, and he's like, really traumatized dramatize because of was, you know, so these are some discussions that we need to, you know, talk about more openly, sort of people know that didn't need to get help when be

a feeling mentally pressed. you know, ruth, i wonder if we didn't do you a bit of a disservice by showing that clip from boca harass with the children because they represent a very extreme example. i think most people would agree might need some psychological help, but really the problems much more broad is much more ubiquitous and is much more common than someone who's been something as extreme as growing up in a book or her arm camp. right. i mean, it's like we all deal with it. right? yes, we do. absolutely. and i would say that in a geri air, for in lot of hours it, it, we don't necessarily have to be in the book of her. i'm come to feel the pressure. because with every thing going around, we feel like so many things are not work in. so we almost feel like everyone is sort of like india, you know, vocal, her, i'm calm sort of way because we are so mentally pressure. you're trying to get just the littlest thing to work like does good health services care. you kind of want

that, you know, board, some people can a white board. so that was a lot of pressure on people. so these are the things that, you know, cumulate into along you know, so side and, you know, the bigger things that we're talking about now. but they're reese in nigeria. they're really a lot of mental pressure. and like, you know, what, over it affects the men more than women because most men don't like to talk about their mental issues, you know, lower rate. right. and why did you said that? because we actually have a, we can come back. i know you had more to say there, but we have a video comment from someone in the stream community. they sent us into us. the name is eddie kamani. they're about as far away in the cotton as i get from you there and kenya on the other side. and he is a mental health awareness advocate here, checked us up. but she's the best possible mental health. i wish to share my pass, my journey have learned that do you cannot ignore you wash hands over manian 40th class on this off. as for africa and mental health,

i believe that governments and institutions and walks places should fund more mental health programs. the solution lies in integrating mental health within the overall health care system and workspaces. and as africans, as individuals, out like us to suit mental health. move from just being a conversation to action, where we can start doing things and embracing our wellness and fighting the stigma that surrounds mental health. so wrote, there's a man talking about the stigma and talking about his own mental health journey. what do you think about that and africa? man. i know that he's very impressive. very, very impressive. i call an old man, especially those in line, jerry. yeah. when you have issues, you know what happens back home. when most men have mental health issues to be the result of drinking. they become a colleagues that the way they take out their mental health issues. they just drink the tuple and come back home and sleep all come back home, you know,

involved get involved in the vices of domestic violence and things like that. that is what they do. so if and africa man can talk about it. i think that now is the time for all men to come up and say, look, i am depressed, i have had issues, maybe in my office. i have pressure here on day. i am utterly depressed. and i need to know now is the time to talk about this because me, there's only a healthy person that can be helpful to cite the betty kamani. they're saying in your praises here on the stream lesson. was that josh? yeah, yeah, yeah, go for it. i'll be way go for it. and so with what, just going back to the bulk of her, i'm camp and wax, and ruth had mentioned. so there's something called toxic stress. if you're constantly exposed. am to a stressful situation, adverse experiences that actually increases your threshold of experiencing what we call toxic stress. that means that in the long term that increases your risk of mental illness increases the chances of suicidality increases. chances of anxiety

am at risk behavior. so with all of that, it means that the preventative mental health measures are very important. yes, it's important for us to treat mental illness and also provide safe spaces for when people are suicidal. but i really believe from a young age that we need to put in preventative, mental health measures. in other words, we teach people how to find safe spaces and communicate their feelings. teach people how to be able to become self resilient, how to calm themselves down. i know right now self, kay is like the buzzword, but at the end of the day, that is a part of being mentally well. and the reality is we all have mental health. it's not just mental illness, but mental health as a whole, as a spectrum. so every one of us sitting here have mental health that how do we maintain positive mental health? how do we take care about minutes or half? it's like brushing your teeth every day. do something every day that contributes

towards a positive mental well b. mirsky. pick up on her i'm yes, i'll just quickly go back to what ruth shared about, you know, addressing men's mental health. so what we've noticed, what we've observed over the years is generally in the health care system. women have better health seeking behavior and men. so even if it was something like a cold or during coldly, that woman is more likely to seek out. i treatment and health health care. i'm. yeah, treatment of some kind am which isn't the same for men. however, addressing mental health and mental health challenges amongst men, what we've discovered, what we've seen locally is it's important for us to consider rich reaching men where they are. yes they have, they, they suffer more from, you know, they are more from depression, suicide rates are a high among men. so they are the most ball. there are bull when it comes to these

con, busy sions that help them. how do we ensure that, you know, they have this covers, you're breaking up the north and wanted mean it and know it if it find them. oh there says ruth, one of the things i read was the that we look at the suicide numbers, but they were present. a successful suicide temple represents one and 20 of people who actually attempted it, meaning the problem is much to have 20 times larger than what the actual numbers say. can we use the last few minutes of the show here? if everyone has some tips on what you would advise people who do, who might find themselves in the mental health crisis route, do you, do you have some stuff like that that that the you could share? yes, i think the 1st one would be, i think, your josha da, sorry. i think the 1st step would be that b are where than there really a mental health be. are way you must be aware. you know, we're very easy to seek health when we have like a headache. we have malaria back in west africa and people just go to the hospital

. so when you have you filled out mental pressure, it could be as little as just feeling traumatized about something or just feeling depressed about some issues. please go and seek help, don't wait until it becomes b. so be a way, be very aware that there was something called mental health and a good affect your product cbc are loaded onto it. and so it says, be aware and seek health was, do you have some tips for people? and there are people in our youtube right now talking about their challenges i, what i would say is, and it's okay not to be okay. and it's the act that acknowledgement, preston, 1st of all that eventually leads you to i'm will lead you to, to, to seek the support that she'd need. so it's important to be mindful and saves. okay. it's okay, not to be okay. the same well have a headache or lou is on the same way i need to address, you know, and whatever mental health challenger going through at the time. i'm all the way.

what are you got force just to follow on the ladies again identifying your feelings is very important, but also reaching out to 24 hour suicide help lines. i know they are quite a few in africa here in south africa, we have the south african depression, and anxiety group is a 24 hour helpline in terms of suicide. and you can call them and speak to someone . it's an anonymous line. and then also reaching out to community groups that work with people that are meeting mental health services. so really just taking those steps even chantelle stansell speaking to someone that you trust. yeah. and that that is my, my main encouragement. all right, so that's i think that's where we're going to end it today. i want to take all 3 of my guest, avi way, liz. ruth, for be more to come on and talk about something that is taboo. but it's even more important. and if you're out there and you need help, i promise there are people that want to help you. there are crisis lines that you

can get to. so that's all we have time for today. but you can always find us online at stream dot al jazeera dot com. take care of yourself, right. thanks for watching. ah. ah

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