edition o coppers providing a heavy distraction to millions of people after a turbulent political year and elections that lived brazil deeply divide it ha gyal scenario. the former president who was voted out of office last month adopted the national colors as his own during campaigning and the shirt that re presents a love of football and brazil has for many been tainted and politicized. by the far right, latham at eames mer hoax cause a 2022 will help people come together again, develop this more met before, literally get in on know we had this political moment that we the, we wanted it or not was the cause of much discussion and complex, but now the world cup is coming. so we have to have a party we have to celebrate. we have to unite united behind world football's most successful national team and their quest for a sick world cup title. lexia brian al jazeera

ah type a quick check of the headlines here on al jazeera, indonesian president, yoko, dodo, i said the world is facing extraordinary challenges as he opened the g. 20 liter summit in bali, the one ukraine he saw in global inflation and us tensions with china are expected to dominate the to fe, meeting. our diplomatic editor james bases and barley with more of those talks. one of those who has been speaking is not someone who's actually here, and that's president vladimir zelinski of ukraine. he was invited, he's participating by a video link, were told from those in the hall, it's been an impassioned and detailed speech. he said it was now time to end russia's destructive war and he called for the restoration of peace and respect for the un chunk charter and the principle of territorial integrity in ukraine. and

president zalinski has visited the recaptured city of harrison and says its liberation marks the beginning of the end of the war. he said, ukraine is moving forward and is ready for peace with russia. moscow withdrew its forces from the city on friday. israel says the united states decision to launch an investigation into the killing of al jazeera journal. as sharina barclay is a grave mistake, adding that they will not cooperate. sharina was shot dead by his ready forces in may while covering a raid on jeanine and the occupied west bank. funerals had been held for some of the victims of a bombing in istanbul. on sunday, the explosion killed 6 people and injured 81 others. turkish police investigating the explosion that have detained 47 people, france and the united kingdom of signed the new agreement on immigration control and the english channel. the deal is worth more than $74000000.00, and it aims to tackle legal crossings happening between the 2 countries. for leasing the united states, say they've arrested a suspect. my university shooting in which 3 members of

a football team were killed. a gunman attacked a bus, returning to the university of virginia from a field trip late on sunday night. but he said, the suspect is a student. the online retailer, amazon is planning to lay off around $10000.00 employees. that's according to a report from the new york times a cuts at amazon not said to be concentrated among the corporate workforce and it's devices group. it follows a wave of job cuts across the technology sector in the united states. so those are the headlines. the news continues here on al jazeera, after the stream stage, with them watching data on counting. the cost is germany, too. dependent on china is the economic reliance overblown. the developing world calls on uses to pay the climate bill at top. 27 and guyana is balancing an oil boom, honest threat to the environment. counting the cost on al jazeera with

high on semi ok. thanks for watching the stream. by november, the 15th, there will be 8000000000 human beings in the well, that's according to a projection by united nations. so some questions that i have. how do we respond to being one in a 1000000000? how will, how do we maintain a decent quality of life for all of us? and then what happens after 8000000000 humans in the world? those, the questions i have for an expert pedo. i'm sure you have questions to ask them as well. the comment section is right here on youtube, be part of today's chat. ah, hello rachel and jennifer and alex is so good to have this expert panel here today on the stream. rachel, please say hello to our audience around the well, tell them to you on what you do. i funny and greetings talk. my name is dr. rachel

snow, and i'm the chief of population and development at the u. n. population fund based in new york. and we support census and how to use census data in more than a 130 countries across the world. hello, jennifer. welcome to the staying till the view is around the welt. you on what you day? hi phemie. i'm so glad to be here. i'm dr. jennifer schubert, i am a scholar at the woodrow wilson center and author of the new book, 8000000000 in counting house, sex death and migration shape our world. thanks for being with us and alex, welcome back to the stream. get to see you again. remind our audience who you are and what you day a thank you family. thank you for having me back. i am a professor of global health. don't say school of public health director university in philadelphia. i'm a demographic by trending. and previously i saw as the executive director of the african population health research center in my b. and i also saw on the un high level advisory board for economic and social

offers. so i guess it's really hard for me to grapple with what william clinical looks like, what that feels like when i feel different on november, the 15th. and i do right now, rachel. no, you won't. in civil terms. yeah. this has been a while coming and yeah, you won't feel much on the 15th of november. jennifer, when we talk about a number like 8000000000. if you're studying population, then you knew it was coming. i remember at school we were usually worried about how many more billions of people can, can survive on the earth. and he, we, our 8000000. what does that mean for most of us? how should we think about that number? well, you know, i also remember studying this in school and actually i think that's how i ended up making career career out of studying population. because to rachel's point, you know, well, we feel any different. i remember sitting in 1999,

i think it was october 15th 1999 in a college classroom in atlanta where i'm from and my professor was late to class that day and then she paused in the door and had a black arm band on and she marched into class and said, today, world population has had 6000000000 people. this is a travesty. i never had kid, you shouldn't either. and so i think for many people there's this sense that every time we had a 1000000000, this is it, we're about to, it's like we're going to tip over the edge. you know, when you're pouring something in a bowl and you're just waiting for it to spill over. but here we still are, which i think is a really good thing for us to remember. i've, i've seen a few 1000000000 in my lifetime, and i like to think of myself is pretty young. so i don't think we have to look at this is some doomsday. finally arriving, alex does not moving lumber. mean anything to somebody who studies, demographics, like new, knew this number was coming. you understand what it means doesn't give you pools.

oh, thanks, honey. not necessarily. it doesn't give me that pause. it just simply means that it is a 1000000000 november sheet fin by now, november 16th. it will be at be on a something, and by 26 it will be 10400000000. so we will continue to grow as we go forward is just them. but in many ways, but my sense is that it is also a time for us to pick a deeper look at what does that really mean for us as a human wrist? i'm just looking at some of the comments we have for matthew is around the world. this is about the shame. and publishers says the world isn't over populated. it's just a matter of management, right? you're, you're nodding out a lot. indeed indeed i would, i would not. and i also want to point out that the, the girls of the population is slowing down. you know, the pace at which the world was growing, peaked in $964.00 in. so we've been declining in terms of the pace, you know, it's,

we're less than we're growing by less than one percent per year. we've got, i think, 53 countries in the world that are now in population declined. china, for example, 1400000000 is peaking this year, and by 2100 here, projected to be down to 800000000. so it things are turning, the pace is slowing. this is really important. i think it's going to give us time to, to catch up. one way, i do think i see why people feel like this though. i mean, i think i'll through all 3 of us are used to people throwing doomsday scenarios at us. because while we know these global trends, and i'm sure all 3 of us are on the same page with wanting to emphasize the slowing pace of growth in population aging. i know that for some people it can feel really different. and that's because that 8000000000 number disguised as the diversity of trends around the world. and we've really never been so far apart and terms of our birth and death and, and even migration trends. and so, you know,

there are areas in the world where fertility is still very high population growth as high people feel the environmental strains that come from a very basic relationship between people and the environment around them. so for me find my come in here, i think also one of the things that we would need to pay attention to is the understand the the and bin musts, a huge diversity that we currently experience across different parts of the world. ah, just just yet i've known we have more than 40 countries, uncovered trees that are experiencing, publish on decline, and all traditional preop for yoko mission and focus on the rugby populace. shame growth has cloud good, bad thinking to clearly understand the implications of these divergent trends. that we are seeing around the world that there are as many countries having publish on decline and it will continue to be an issue going for. well,

it's well to the controversial grow. i don't want to dimensional for to conscious can't think of as a couple of examples of countries where that population is going dal. oh, if you think forest i said place like salts, korea, it's population is currently at $52000000.00. it is for objected to be 24000000 by well, 2100. last time south korea was in that 24000000 people was in the 50s. so it is a massive change that will be. busy occurring in a number of countries by 2015 more than a few countries on territories will be experiencing population decline. right, so i see 90 hurley interesting when we think about the um you know, putting juxtaposing south korea's change over time with some of the places where population is still growing. because on the flip side of that, there 8 countries in the world that will account for more than half of world population growth between now and 2050. and one of those is egypt, which, you know,

egypt leadership had famously compared egypt population to south korea as many decades ago and, and are in 2008. and had noted that many decades ago both countries had similar population sizes. and then that just totally went into different directions. after that i think that the diversity that both jennifer and alex are, are emphasizing. it's like, hugely important. i think it's really part of the big story for the 1000000000 is we're so diverse. and another example of that is that europe, on average, the median age in europe is close to $4541.00 and a half. the median age in her, in africa is 17. and, and so it's not just the, the pace of growth is really different in these countries, but we have very different age structures. so, you know, you, you want to understand and kind of create a global community. but we're looking at governments and countries here that are dealing with very different populations in terms of age. and so the thinking may be

different and we, that's going to text them, diplomacy, and some effort between us to have a more unified response to global crises. i want to bring a new voice into our conversation, and this is a professor of global development at cornell university. alex, i'm going to play this comment for you. i'd really be interested on where you take the idea next, the kids part faith a 1000000000 population is an important milestone. but what it means is going to vary quite a bit across countries in developing regions where population is still throwing. one main concern is going to be inequality. the paraphrase tend to decline in most of the african countries from the top down. and what that means is you have an increasing concentration of activity among the poor. and at a time when the level of education is rising, where the quality of education in the course of education is rising. what that

means is that you're going to have increasing differences in the educational opportunities that are available to children in the upper tier of the income distribution compared to children who come from families that are poor. thanks tony. i think the a couple of things to break down here in what buffet indicates at the 1st is if you look at the countries where fidelity is still very high women as to how many children like 4 fi, 6 in the country, like near j r. d. r can go on mildly, where their rates of growth of the population is a 3 percent or more. it means that the population is doubling every 20 years or so in this year is actually every 18 years india or congress about every 21 years. so within that period, it is very difficult,

nearly impossible for that country to be able to double the investment the i met him in hell, education, nutrition, jobs, all the things that constitutes well being. and whom am i in professor human, our capacity and an a, an ongoing improvement. so in that instance then you, it is difficult to maintain the quality of life as it is a you need to be able to dub with those investments and capacity over the short period of time than it, than the current levels of finance equip coverage of health and education and all that. so that's the problem. the other big challenge, i think when people think about it 1000000000 is the fact that there is a significant shift and where these populations are based on look at it. currently, africa accounts for about 18 percent of the global population i is projected to get about 2425 percent by 2050 and 46 percent by 2100. so when you look

at that's oh statistic and you didn't think about it. oh, nearly one in 2 people in the world were being africa. what does that mean for global governance and for equity and for all of, and how can i grant alex, what does that, what does that mean? does that mean that africa will be the most powerful continent in the world? it will mean different case for different people. and again, for me, i say it's not a question of whether we are for the learner. 4.6000000000 or 6000000000 africans, is the question of what quality of people eyes. i did all the educated, how deep productive citizens are there, seek and on educate them on for. and so that really matters. and for me, that point about countries with very high rates of growth of the pop mission currently is that the ability to make the necessary investments in improving human

quality would be constrained by the rate of growth i. your partner shot, honestly, i'll, it's, i, he, that's there so much we could talk about just on the continent of africa. i'm going to push on a just a little bit because if we know our population is growing, we know this is happening, planning and of and paling is going to be absolutely critical. rachel, i want you said you, this is robin king because robin king has a thought and then build off. robin's thought a she is urban planning should be more participatory with citizens of different ages. social groups at the most cities in different geographic locations within the city, so that everyone together can create a vision of what they want the city to be tomorrow, to generations from now, 5 generations from now is there been planning deals with infrastructure that's going to last a very long time beyond the generations of, of the folks that are involved in it right now. in addition, the process should help us educate each other about what sustainable consumption

patterns really are, so that we can leave the planet better for future generations. well, she's right that there needs to be more collected planning but, but even to plan from a single government, you got to have excellent data. and in part of why we push the census and we need to make these, you know, population. and since it's happening, happening around the world is because, you know, governments absolutely need to be able to project to what is coming in the next 23 decades. there was a great start from, from, or frightening step from the world bank i came across recently and it said, goodness that something like across the continent of africa. you know, the infrastructure for education at the moment can only accommodate about 40 percent of school age children. and as alex's, we have more and more children who will be coming in in the region. so, you know, investment is crucial. urban ization is happening quickly. we need excellent data,

we need planning, we need to participatory planning, and we need a global engagement. it's true, it's going to be very, very difficult for governments to do this alone. i am, but it is called at be in the field of demography though. i mean, i'm sure, raphael, alec feel the same way we have a we stand out among the trends because we can see the future and other people can't. and it's because so many people of the future are already born. so when you think about the planning that needs to happen, i totally agree with rachel that we need more data. but the good news is, it's not as if we have no idea how many kindergarten classrooms will need and for years how many seats on that. so we, knowing if we could look it up there today at, but all various governments in various communities, are they planning, knowing that you're right. i didn't think of it like that. well, you've got children in kindergarten or nursed real genius school. you know what,

what they're gonna need out of their life time. are you seeing that because you may be out to see the future, but you can also see a disaster coming to you can, i mean, you know, and, and i think this is where i am. i always emphasize to people that the same population trends in 2 different countries can look completely different. so a couple of communities that i know that are planning for this is the national security community. yeah, they can look at those kindergarten classroom today and think about their potential recruiting pool for the military, you know, in just 15 years or so. so, you know, they're well aware of this and they take a long view on things anyway. but if we look at something like social security, now we don't exactly know what age people will retire. that people might think that they do, but it differs widely around the world that the average age of workforce exit and france is 61 years. but in japan, it's 71 years, and so, you know, it can differ even among old countries. and so some of these rules of the game are institutions like in a democracy, it's really hard to change policy because voters say, yeah, no thanks,

we're not doing that. but in, in countries that are aging, but they don't necessarily give the people voice and changing policy. you actually might see retirement policies and ages increased much faster. or i guess i'm gonna also have do some valuable me alex if, if, if i make as i want to bring it out, would it still watching? because often they have misconceptions about what the population growth means. and i'm going to give you each 30 seconds to answer question like this. all right, so how many people can the of sustain alex don't take that one. thank you. i don't welcome is not a simple answer. yes, it's not a function of the behavior of the people that are on a mission saying to us is different from measure. it depends on our consumption by chance. it depends on our productivity as

a group on all of these fuck does matter. i think with increase in their quantity, it makes it how that the sauce 10 much larger population. but if we have it, it was the size in many ways we can support a whole lot more or less summers all space. the world is overpopulated or says things will never get better. it's too late. rachel instant reaction. not at all. not at all. 8000000000 people. it's 8000000000, potentially brilliant, new ideas that will increase food production that will figure out new very cool ways for people to learn on the internet that will think about, you know, ways to multiply the number of teachers. it's, i'm much more optimistic on this. this is poor on, on youtube is watching us right now. jennifer po says that government planning question mark, those individuals who make up government can't see beyond the next election cynicism from the chief who would have thought it. i actually don't disagree with

paul. is that my husband, paul, because i need a yes. and that's why i tend to be. i'm also an optimist in general. but if there's any way that the pessimism starts to sneak and it actually is when we think about democracy and how hard it is to change policy now. and that is because elected leaders have the short term views. however, i will say that even something simple like just to stick on retirement for a 2nd because it really does matter. official retirement age is one thing, but there are all sorts of rules. a whole rainbow of rules around ways that people are able to exit the workforce and sometimes you can get some play at the margins that make a big difference in the overall trend. let's just have a look at what riah added to our conversation. she joined us a little bit earlier on it and told us this, and we're looking at managing and impact. 8000000000 people have this

population grows instantly, mine to hold on to food and energy increase. so this naturally means that greenhouse gas emission to increase as well, but it won't be high, particularly if the level of consumption is kit, say at the naval low income countries today. so that you have a nation and climate change is likely to be to increase income level rather than not think what, why is it there was telling a lot of the angst in our audience and around the world where people are thinking the so many of us on this of how can the of possibly sustain it? i am going to look ahead now to 2050 and where the population will be in 2050. and you are well ahead of me. so let's do this together. guess estimated, well, population by 2050 will be 9700000000. and then what part of the world will see the

biggest grow flow across the african continent expected to contribute more than half of this population increase. but populations of $61.00 countries are projected to decrease by one percent or more. and then here's the good news. we don't really talk about the good news so much important. average global life span by 2050. when increased to around 77.2 years, which is up about 4 years from where it is currently. and jennifer, this is, this is the good news of this. 8000000000 is the reason why there are so many people in the earth is because we're healthier and living longer as well as babies being born in some parts of the world. that though it's more than one thing happening here, that we should be celebrating that while we're living so long and we should be celebrating population aging. i mean, i think there's a tendency to whatever the trend is. people think, well that's just bad news. yeah, there are times in history,

there are too many people and then there are times or to few people. it's like goldilocks and the port it's. it's never just right. so when i see numbers about population aging, i think how fantastic women and partners are able to choose how many children they want, they're able to act on that. it is generally an indicator that there is widespread education. that quality of life is high and that people are living longer. well, let's not be upset about that, especially when we've wrung our hands over high fertility for decades. well, now we're saying wait, there's too many people. and i think also we have to be careful because one thing that has come up so far is who gets blamed for all of this. it's typically women. the women are having too many or too few children. so when people say over population, i think they want to say it's those women over there who are having too many children, and they don't think about their own role in their own consumption and, and their lifestyles. that a some yeah i do, i do want to can i jump in? yes for that. you know, i just want to jump in an, in, in,

in the comment that let's remember that there are still millions of women who don't have access to modern contraception. who don't have access to still primary education, who if they get pregnant at 14 or 15, are not able to finish school. so we do still have quite a bit of work to do in terms of assuring as jennifer was sort of just alluding to, we want to have a world where everybody can choose the number in the timing of children. there's no question that's good for kids. it's good for communities it's, it's like everyone. yeah, but, but it isn't the case at this juncture still, we have, you know, something in the rounded like 200000000 people who still don't have full access to reproductive rights. i chose eroica points when one else placing tackle visitation and that is frauds his voice who ends on the point that you just made his shank, our population continues to grow by 8000000 people pyre. we should be consent,

climate change, deforestation, water and food shortages. pollution as well as boat, a varsity loss, which would never talk enough about our all becoming difficult to manage with our ever increasing numbers. additionally, the people were affected the most by brewing population and the young girls on women was possibly the child barrows unco drawers. can we do anything above this? yes, we can bring the numbers down. we can do positive, ethical, as well as cost effective things that can benefit human beings. as well as tech pressure of our planet is, is such a huge topic. i would happy speak to rachel and jennifer and alex were another hour . i don't have that time. i just have time to say thank you so much for helping us understand what 8000000000 people on the earth actually means in reality. thank you for joining our conversation. today, i think next time take, ah, we are all principals, even people far away are so helping with the environment,

problems in the amazon because they are consumers. i teach kids about the threats that oceans are facing today. i've been working in earnest, trying to find ways to get this language up to the kids. what do we do as the ocean? why and what are you going to do to keep out the sort of language that keeps the red blood women, right? they have one, several back over in their fight for equality and got married. i was told the thing that was texting women, we made a challenge in the region. i will not being pro like i want to sleep. we don't have read them in, didn't study these about 2 weeks now, i say 3 days, journey to a shelter. we wish them your grade. so one destroys our country. someone needs to rebuild a new

series, exploring how traditional knowledge from indigenous community it is helping tackle today's environmental catastrophe. we see how the melanesians people of the torres strait of fighting rising sea levels which threatened to swallow their islands. first nations frontline, the torres strait swallowed by the sea on al jazeera ah analogy 0 with no. britain's beloved curry houses are in crisis to india. don is shut down every week due to breakfast, financial thrive, and the pad in 101 east investigate on out you 0.