costs of bottled water for people are forced to rely on these unreliable sources. living on recorded its 1st case, have cholera in the refugee camp for syrians and early october. its 1st in 3 decades. that came weeks after the disease was detected in neighboring syria. if we don't control the brick in syria to be very difficult to fully control the brick and on those, there's also water pollution in city also can have significant implications for the water pollution 11 on specially with many of the water resources shift across the country, lebanon is among nearly 30 countries fighting cholera with climate change and displacement among the reasons behind the rise in cases and for a nation dealing with many crises, it couldn't come at a worse time. santa, they're also sierra northern lebanon. ah,

i, let's take you through some of the headlines here now this year now. and one of the biggest shocks in football world history. that the re, b, b as in tina, $2.00 to $1.00 in their opening game. saudi on the 2nd lowest rank signed in the tournament, argentina. one of the 3 told him and favorites that they've been stunned by the 1st defeat in 37 games. been celebrations by saudi sands across doha team was initially one down, but then to 2nd half the goals help them come out on top cut the contribution to international sports diplomacy was discussed during a meeting between the us secretary of state and his customary counterparts in the city building can had been on, but i my family also discuss climate change and humanitarian assistance on his way out of the country and see that blinking said the more afghan to evacuate. the

catherine 2021 will be taken to the united states at 10. possibly. since the afghan evacuation began, we've had about 23000 afghans, come through 21000 already in the united states. and we're working to continue to bring afghans out. and through here, we're grateful to our colleagues and hunter for supporting this operation and for helping so many afghans find new lives. in the united states, malaysia's former premier must hidden, you're seen as decline the request from the king to form a unity government. he and opposition lead on what i but i have both failed to and outright majority and saturdays election resulting hung parliament. indonesia is present. joker widow has visited the areas worst effected by monday's earthquake. at least 260 people were killed when the tremor hit the town of chan door. it must java. with odo announced compensation for victims and their families. turkish

president, roger ty voted to i and says, tortilla will launch a ground operation in northern syria as soon as possible. that's in response to an escalation along the border between the turkish military and kurdish forces. but they had lies. these continues and al jazeera, after the stream spiraling costs dwindling supplies. the shock is being felt around the world with the war in ukraine, triggering gas supply uncertainty. europeans are bracing themselves for an unprecedented winter. al jazeera reports on the human costs of the winter energy crisis. did i us any ok, welcome to the stream. the last time man went the name was a 1972 and it looks like we're about to do it again. why is one question?

we have an extra panel of guess he will tell you why, what it means, how much it might cost. i know you've got a 10 more questions. please do share them with us. as we look at, is it type of mankind to go back to the me? ah, had i rick? hi robin. hello, joey. take it to have you on the show today. i said you experts and i went to prove how expert you are. so rick say hello to our audience around the well, tell them who you are, what you do? sure. hello everyone. i'm rick hensley. i'm a nasa flight director, and i am involved in the real time execution of the artemus more mission from houston, texas. it's a had i rather welcome to the stream, introduce yourself to audience around the world. tell them your connection to the made. sure i look at them in every day. my name is robbins d. mangum. i'm

a space flight journalist covering the artemus program for the last 8 years. and i'm just a general fan of the moon in the solar system. i love that you on the show. hello. tell a welcome to the stain. tell everybody who you are. what you think your connection to them name please. hey, yeah, thanks for having me. it's me here. i'm joey roulette. i'm a space reporter for reuters covering nasa talking to experts like rick. very good . i want to take you gent spot to last wednesday when this happened. to rick, take a look. i want to hear how it felt to be right. that for stage engine star, 321 boosters and lift off of order this one. we rise together to the moon and beyond. i go,

is it like oh it was it was tremendous. it was i had the 2nd best seat in the house. obviously the best people house would have been from the coast of florida to watch it live. but the 2nd best seat was certainly in mission control. there was a buzz in the air and the team was just couldn't be more happy to finally get this mission off the ground. and i have to say it's been going beyond anyone's expectations. we had a tremendously important day this morning. we made our closest pass by the moon at an altitude of about a 130 kilometers, and we are setting up to get into orbit around the moon here and we'll get into that orbit on friday. we're just going to show because i was watching this morning the close past past when it happened very slowly. so i was watching them, walked away, then came back and then i could see more movement happening. what can you explain to our audience? what we're seeing right now, what happened earlier today? so i can't, i don't see the video that you're showing,

but what happened earlier today is a ryan slowed down as it approached the moon. and we executed a hiring of our main engine to it was the 1st of 2 engine firings that are going to put us into an orbit around the moon. the orbit is about 70000 kilometers above the surface and we did this. we did this firing of the engine without communication with the spacecraft, so it was incumbent on the the team's the flight controllers on the ground to get the around the vehicle configured. and we set it up and put everything on a timer. and on the backside of the moon, when we can, we can have a line to say to the vehicle the, the ryan executed that burn and it was flawless, and we are, we couldn't be happier. so robin, i can hear from rick's voice that he's having a really good time at work right now. like so that that time he's loving

every moment you can hear the excitement in his wife. so going to be a lot of people in the world saying, why are we doing this again, we do this in the seventy's in the space in and me says, why not? i think that we're civilization that has the capabilities and the brain power to do so. and i think that we might have paused a little bit on our deep space ambitions. i think after 972, we try to build a little bit of an economy and a infrastructure and orbit with the space shuttle in the space station. i think that's been very successful. the space station has helped us learn about living in deep space we had or you're in space experiment. we grow veggies on the space station. we see what international cooperation is like in, in space aboard the base station. that's something that's really important when we're thinking about living on the moon and we're going to have chinese neighbors, russian neighbors, italian neighbors,

french neighbors. i think that the space station was a, was a diversion from our deep space efforts. but it was a really important one, and i think that now that we've, you know, i think we feel accomplished on the space station. i think it's nasa, i think it's time for nasa to move forward with getting humans back to me permanently. and then, you know, going further to mars, which i think is what is every on everyone's mind, especially in the space industry. i'm just thinking enough time that there was a lunar program was in the 970, so that was apollo. now we've got an optimist. joey. what is the difference between apollo, an optimist. yeah, well i think robin made a great point is that, you know, we did focus a lot on lower orbit for awhile and we learned a lot from that. and yeah, a lot of people have asked, why are we going back to the moon now so long after apollo. and i think what separates the 2 is that, you know, that's a really wants with arguments to, to turn this kind of program into something that sustainable and use the moon is

kind of a launching pad to future missions, to mars. and it's different from the pilot program because that program is mainly kind of spurred by geopolitical competition and proving what the u. s. can do in space. and we put boots on the moon a number of times and we, we just, we didn't go back after that. but you know, the difference here is that, you know, nasa has had the space station and lower earth orbit. they're trying to hand that over to private companies in the next decade. and they're going to put what they hope to be, you know, kind of like the just kind of extending the reach in space. it's another step forward. i think the national se facial is tremendous as it relates to learning how to cooperate with multiple nations in lower orbit. and i am really hopeful that as we move out to the moon and beyond, we're going to continue those collaborations and really show what the multi

nation efforts can accomplish when we work together as opposed to as competitors. i really like the idea of cooperation. part of it because i, i can't remember in 1970, it was more like a space races who could get that faster? what are they doing when they get that? but now it's a whole load of not just governments, but also private companies as well. if you are going to tell us the main player, some of them we know we know about virgin galactic, we know about math. and who else do we know? how are they contribution? just a those the, the one of the important ones we need to mention within the origin. yeah, yeah. with blue origin. i think that the space races as it stands right now is between the public sector and the private sector. and i think that we are starting to see cooperation. i think arguments is

a great example. space x is the developing a des space vehicle starship nasa has been developing as the last they're going to work in concert to bring humans to the moon. i think that really is a big case study for what will happen in deep space, i think will have private entities building technology. and it will have government entities like nasa paying them for their services. and i think that's one of the most important aspects of artemus and the relationship between the public and the private sector. and, you know, speaking of the leaders space facts, i think that's going to trickle down to other companies. i think rocket lab has solar panels anonymous and that shows you that every company can have an input and it can be a great relationship and one that makes it economically sustainable for the taxpayer. so i, yeah, i think i just want to say i can case study is like the right way to put it. and, you know, nasa is learning a lot about how it works with these private companies, their agency leaning a lot on their expertise. and in turn, they're relying

a lot of math is funds to, to get there. and it's just kind of a new partnership model that they've proven successfully and the commercial crew program where space x and boeing build capsules to go to and from the i s s. but you know, there's a lot to be seen on how winter operations are, is going to work. and you know, not that did have a good kind of trial run and good experiences on i assessed with international partnerships with other countries. but there's a lot of new questions that are gonna have to confront, going on to, you know, international cooperation laws and how companies are going to be, have on the moon. and you know, it can be really interesting to see how that can talk f l f. a. ryan is is the nasa rocket. so that belongs to nasa. optimist is the mission. so you remember like the apollo missions, apollo? want to play to play 3. we can have optimist one osman to ultimate 3. so that's the mission, not the actual space hard way. early at bob cabana was talking about cooperation.

he was quite excited about the it's not china against russia, russia against the u. s. o. private companies versus not that it's everybody working together. this is what bob said about a week. it is a truly cooperative efforts and much of what the, the private money that's going into space. you know, it's enabling what nasa does. we are utilizing that. we want to establish a commercial economy and lower the orbit so that we can focus on that hard job of exploring the honor home planet. i'm just looking right at the nasa team. i look at this diversity. i mean, in the 17th it was a later blokes and now look at all the people who came to either live on the moon or be part of the ultimate mission. this is, this is amazing, isn't that. and that's just the team of nasa astronaut. we have agreements set up

with the canadian space agency with the european space agency and with the japanese exploration agency as well. so it's not going to be just nasa astronaut, participating in these artist crude landing mission. we're going to have international. busy astronauts involved all emissions in the future. i. we're going to have private astronauts too. i mean yes, i think that one that's space x can prove that their vehicle can go to the moon and back. they will start selling tickets and they've already sold. they've already sold the tickets to, to customers of for starship lunar orbit missions in. i think that as soon as they land that starship on the moon and bring it back home, i think you're going to start and bring back. have may i spinning that up? yeah, i think they're going to spin up with those kinds of operations. i think it's a natural step space. x is always said that they want to put humans on mars as

their cameras. any bizarre? i just think dice is frivolous, assist is playing with that title. and when it spice men and women. yeah, i don't want to say it's, it's frivolous, but it's definitely no easy task. great. i mean, space sex has announced that they've signed these customers. well, the customers for these were interventions on starship, but they have to get started to orbit 1st. they have to do a bunch of different missions to prove the hardware and they have to demonstrate that hardware under massive standards, which is a lot, a lot of steps in the process. you know, i, i don't doubt that they're gonna one day get to be able to send private citizens to the moon. yeah. but you know, it's this, it's gonna be a tough tap task, really, technologically. it doesn't make you roll your eyes when people have gone out of money, i want to go to the men and i've got no qualifications lighter than other than the fact that they just have a lot of money. there are, you know, there's the opportunities for everybody. i think there's, there's a,

an argument to be made for having someone who has a, a background in the arts to help describe what they're seeing when we went to the moon in an hollow. we use the nasa astronaut and giving an opportunity for someone who has a background in writing or in, in the visual arts to be able to convey what they're seeing and real time and sharing it with the rest of the world. i think there's, there's a lot of good, good discoveries and some, some shared experiences that we can, we can all benefit from. with that, i wanted to talk about the legal aspects of this because who owns the meeting, who allows us as explorers as, as scientists, to be on the meeting. what are the legal ramifications of that? earlier we spoke to e. v navy brought up a couple of challenges that i'd like you to festival joey if you could address. it's hard for listen to every one of the major ethical challenges we have regarding

humanities. exploration of space is the need to protect the environment. that means not contributing to the ever increasing amount of all debris or space junk and protecting the landscape that we encounter on other planets. in terms of how we regulate this, we have the ad space treaty teaching is to share space resources and also the inter agency space to bring coordination committee, which deals with remediation and mitigation of orbital debris. but we do need more informal tools to help everyone work together to be better staff citizens jelly. yeah. but it's really important issue space debris getting worse and worse for the day. and it requires a lot of international cooperation, and there's a working group at the united nations where countries including china and us, are pitching ideas on how to solve this. so there is some progress happening there . but when we get to the moon, there's a lot of other question,

not that has the legal regime called the arguments accords. it's not, you know, treaty ineffective, but it is, it's a sport the set of standards for how companies and countries are supposed to behave on the hearing. because anybody like we have cultural heritage sites on the moon and we have important assets. what is going to prevent a country from coming by landing the rocket on that, so to speak, which, you know, i'm not saying what happened, but it could and there's really no real law that would say that you cannot do this, or this is why, you know that's bad. so nasa right now is trying to come up with all these different mechanisms to get other countries on board with faith in sustainable behavior on the lunar surface. they are really cynical because we have a court on us and, and certain countries decide that we're not going to sign up to out of course, including the states depending on whether it thinks the more doesn't suit them. so optimistic on it looks good. it looks really savvy, but what difference does i make?

i yeah, that's a good point because, i mean, if you look at the space hires us russia in china, that the u. s. has court it alive, its own allies to sign on to the court. but china and russia are not going to start or the support yet, or, you know, if they will, but maybe, right. i mean, there are people who have a lot of doubts in china had wanted to take a more united nation. so instead of more thorough driven support approach. but so i don't really know how exactly it's going to work out. but the fact is, is that nasa does need to coordinate with china if both of those countries are going to the mirror. and there's a lot of, you know, really attractive destinations on the south pole. and there are a lot of people who are saying, you know, nasa needs to start talking to turn it in a more collaborative way because they're barred, largely barred from doing so because of the 2011 law. but i, yeah, i'd like to hear what people say about, you know, whether we should cooperate more with china in the future on the, on the moon. i also have

a cynical viewpoint regarding the united nations ability to govern anything on earth or the moon. and i, i think that may be a new body needs to be created, a bridge between china, the united states and russia, to talk specifically about land ownership and land usage on the moon sharing resources. who has the, you know, who, who has the ability to get if there's water in a certain area who has the right to that water, who has rights to digging sites? i think that the united nation leaning on that body for laws and regulations on the moon or even guidelines, i think that will enable nations to do whatever they want. so they are going to say, courts are a great 1st step and, and so i'm, i'm proud of the, the forward thinking approach at nist is taken to try to write down some of these important questions that need to be answered and, and to provide a framework for a peaceful approach to the moon. and as of today,

we've got over 20 nations who have already signed on to the artemus or and, and it includes nations from all around the world, even some of the nations who are really trying to start at the start up their own space program like the united arab emirates, and so we're really proud to be partner with all of those nations and are hopeful that the upcoming exploration of the moon will retain that useful focus. all right, we can help me out with this. i'd be drowned if i, if i my skis and guy and we've got lots of questions from our audience and i'm going to get them to speak to rick, because how often do you have to get speak to flight direct different nasa instances i rate because i don't have oh day. so it says, how would we survive without electricity, food, water, and a place to live on the moon rate? we're going to land at the south all which provides an opportunity to have near continuous sunlight and not have to rely on bringing heavy batteries or fuel cells . yasmina says i prefer to go to mars and your response,

rick is. what mars is like running a marathon, we need to you can't get off the couch and go run a marathon immediately. so let's start with a smaller stuff like the moon. learn how to operate on the moon, and then move on to mars. one more question for you, rick and mrs. fin adored pariah safety protocols would be nice and reasonable taxation and to require reasonable taxation. this might be a way to actually fund what is an incredibly expensive series of missions to put a permanent base on the main thoughts. how do we pay for this? the key player, the key part is having the international collaboration. no one nation or one company is going to be able to undertake the types of ambitions, ambitious things that we're doing in artemus alone. and so we need that coalition of nations and companies all joined together to be successful. going to share.

thank you, rick. for sharing your knowledge with us. i'm going to share with our audience the sort of steps that we have to go through from where we all right now to where we might be in 2 or 3 years time. so the plan is a 2025 optimist. 3 mission the 1st me landing since 1972. that's just a couple years away. i fell as a ryan space for cost cost. this is a nasa space costs $40000000000.00. and then projected optimist spending is $93000000000.00. so you know what? i'm going to ask people here that sum of money and discuss what the $1923000000000.00 yeah. lou rocket. that's all that's rocket is kind of included in the $93000000000.00 i'm it doesn't sound like a lot. it's far more than nasa gets a year from congress. when you're off, nasa, i think one of the best answers as well look at the spin off technology that we've

created going to space. i mean, investing billions of dollars and i ss, has created really important medical technology here on earth that, you know, you would not think there any relation to space. and when we're going further to the moon, that's going to create, you know, other technologies that could be of use on earth as well. i can't name specific examples yet. maybe rick can help me out with that. but that's kind of just the bigger argument is that this investment is not just about sending people to the married and having fun on the moon. just tap on the moon. it's about, you know, exploring science, scientific discovery and also inventing new technologies that can benefit other people. her yeah, this sounds like on the surface they may sound like high dollar amounts, but now i think it's a tremendous bang for the buck for the, for the us tax dollar. our budget is just about a half a penny of every tax dollar. and so if you think about all the other things that the u. s. government is involved in the,

the amount of return on investment for the nasa budget is really quite tremendous. i'm just going to go yesterday. so if i right, really say not massive experimenting with more commercial models to bring the cost down of rockets like less. it's been very expensive and over budget and i think they're trying to work more towards a cheaper way to get to space. just going to bring in professor christopher ca canarsie spoke to us a little bit earlier. this about some of the warnings that we need to be careful about if we all going to be exploring and living on the make. this happen if it is important that we return to the moon for scientific potential. and because if we stay and with awful citizens of the moon, it can help teach us how to solve problems without creating new ones. and for that to happen, we have to love the moon as it is respected as a real place. it's a sublime moving landscape, the telescope, and you can see that for yourself in places that we love and respect,

we need to treat well. so that means i think on the moon, having enhanced protections for apollo and other historic sites, that means equitable use resources. and it means i think to have wilderness areas as we do on planet earth that are free of human impact. so we don't plunder the moon. so that's a professor imagining what life on the mail might look like. the ultimate team has already done that. what for us, this is what the ultimate base count. the animation looks like. i want to leave you with these pictures because this may well be possible in just a couple of years time at rick, are you ready for this? is this a possibility? is this gonna happen in your life time? absolutely, this is a great time to work at at nasa, a great time to be a flight director. we are, we are really looking for what the next couple years brains. i thank you so much to robin and joey and rake q, and you can tell us so comments about the may of 2025. are we going to be on target?

rubbing? yes. no, maybe? absolutely not. no, we're not a human landing on the moon for at least $56.00, maybe even 7 years. and that 20242025 time frame. yeah. that time frame is political and i know we didn't get really get into it, but didn't that time frame i i thanking me love us robin very great and thank you for your questions. i see you next time. take everybody ah in depth analysis of today's headlines from around the world which it did was effort to them they have to sign because they didn't, they wouldn't get in frank assessments. do you think diplomacy still stands a chance? i'm not very up with any kind of negotiation informed opinions. everybody tweets.

everybody's on tick, tock, tick, tock doesn't vote. you have for her to winter, it's going to be whole there pretty soon. inside story about jazeera indonesia, your investment destination, the world's 10th largest economy is busy transforming, ready to beat your business, partner with a robust talent pool, politically and economically stable and strong policies. being the powerhouse indonesia is confirmed by the g. 20 presidency. bringing opportunities for you invest indonesia now with

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