there certainly is sammy, and actually if you come down to the souk, it's where fans can come and buy all the paraphernalia for some of those big games happening today. if you're heading to the grudge match between iran and the usa, there is a usa scarf, you can buy the other match and that group being played at the same time is between old rivals and neighbors, england and wales. now england are, are expected to win that whales need a miracle they need to win by 4 goals and order to make it through. also at the so here you can see a bunch of palestinian flags and that is because this the well 1st world captain, the middle east, is all about palestine for many of the arab teams who are here. so moroccan trinity and fans will be taking these of palestinian flags to the games today is in fact the you and a for international solidarity with the palestinian flay after the with the palestinian people. rather, fans have been telling us that they are carrying these flags to the games. to show that even though the palestinians don't have the team here,

they still represented at this the 1st will cap in the middle east. all right, thanks so much. i like see there, ah, hello, thank you. through saw the headlines then code 19 testing has resumed in the chinese city of shanghai, off the rare process calling for an end of the government's pandemic policies. infections are increasing this find tens of millions of people being under some form of restriction. additional police officers have been deployed in beijing off the hundreds of people demonstrated on monday. public anger was sparks like covey, 19 locked downs and quarantines. but the list of grievances has grown to include a range of frustrations. some people are even calling on president, shooting ping to resign. some ordinary people dissatisfied with the lockdown. i think maybe because it was taken to an extreme. i

think for most people that the daring has become a part of normal life now. so it may be better for us to open up a little more major. the goal is i think china and shanghai are not controlling the epidemic quite well as the way the gets colder. the epidemic will definitely see a resurgence to a certain extent. that's more, i think it will be fine after a while. at least a people have been killed by us. shabba fight isn't somali as capital the group laid siege to the villa rose hotel from every 24 hours 40 say 60 people rescued. and somali forces storm the building. 6 ash about 5 years, were also killed. turkey as president says, he's determined to create a 30 kilometer deep security car door along the south eastern border with syria. roger, tell you about it. the one is threatening to launch a ground defensive against kurdish fighters in the region. this comes after

a bomb attack in this stumble, which anchor blames on kurdish fighters. hawaii's mount allow a volcano erupted for the 1st time in nearly 4 decades. so far the lava flow is not in danger. any houses. it's the world's largest active volcano and takes up more than half of hives big island. does your headline news continues off the inside story? stay with spiraling costs dwindling supplies. the shock is being felt around the world with the war in ukraine, triggering gas supply uncertainty. europeans bracing themselves for an unprecedented winter. al jazeera reports on the human costs of the winter energy crisis. how can culture be best preserved? the united nations is holding meetings to discuss how to preserve and promote ancient cultures from around the world, from falconry to zambian dance,

and truffle hunting, to sing a pause hawker cops, traditions are being considered for inclusion on the intangible cultural heritage list. so how can it ensure such practices survive for generations to come? this is inside story. ah hello, welcome to the program. i'm adrian finnegan. unesco is meeting and morocco to consider $56.00 nominations for inclusion on a list of what it calls intangible cultural heritage. the un agency aims to both protect and promote cultural practices to prevent them being lost to history. the list includes entries like falconry, the 4000 year old art of training and flying falcons practised in 2 dozen countries

around the world. or malawi is collection of traditional dances this year. it's looking for financial support to help to preserve them. food is also on the list, whole cook, astronomy and singapore. that's a major collection of community dining and colored re activities in multi cultural urban areas or dance ecuador paseo song. and poetry is being considered. it's an op the fuses indeed, the music complex universe like football, awe, and zambia maintains a tradition that's typical of what unesco wants to highlight. its traditional khalilah dance team is among many nobodies that have in short distance my number is my son coach. i'm the director of the dance team that you said. we see a new role. well, we adore our contract drivetrain from,

with their significance of their color. le dance is celebratory. done every trip don't calla guntee and we have 5 just dump amongst the people. all these 2 are from the same plan over there, and that is verizon, right? it's only common amongst these people. now what happens is that when we happen, i turned over the weekend or the color la cream got to flip red and have fun. with the color depicts our social set up. for instance, we official men, you'll see one dancer depicted people bringing the fish and getting the fish cooking the fish. another done with the pick. since we our simple

it depicts people have a think a thought about problem being, you know, i'm attending into something new. we are very happy that you never go out, come on board to try and promote the present vision of our culture. i think in this way, none of our cultural activities, i'm not to edition will you know, just ah, so let's bring in our guests for today's discussion from paris, rejoined by juliet hopkins associates program specialist with us goes living heritage cultural sector from lagos smallwood, a writer, our senator and cultural activist and also in paris, cameron archer, deputy director of the french heritage society. welcome to you all juliet. let's start with you. what exactly constitutes a tangible, cultural heritage. why is it important to protect them and how do you go about

doing so? i everyone and thank your question. thank you for having me say, it's a pleasure to be here. so intangible who, her issue is different to tangible heritage in a number of important ways of call us on the one hand we're getting with physical sites and objects. and on the other hand, we're referring to cultural practices and expression that communities puzzled and from generation to generation and form part about cultural traditions. but the 2nd important difference i would say is in the approach to safeguarding itself and how we got it. so in tangible, cultural heritage is very much alive community, it's not fixed in the past. but what's important interest idea of intergenerational transmission. so it has a continued social function and cultural mean, meaning for communities. and it's something we like to say, everyone has it's relevant to everyday life. and it shapes identity,

how we understand though, how we understand each other and how we understand the world around us more generally. and it's nice and the dynamic nature of intangible, cultural heritage, which is really important to remember it's extremely important terms of how each generation does their own cultural heritage to respond to the evolving needs the reality that they have. so how do we go about safeguarding it, which is the 2nd part of the question and part of so the, the 2003 can mentioned to safeguarding intangible cultural heritage is an international instrument which is aiming at safeguarding a hurricane came in to force him to the extent of celebrating 20th anniversary next year. its purpose at the front of the convention is called this heritage, raise awareness about it, ensure respect for it and provide for international cooperation between states towards that safeguarding. and i want to underline aspect about promoting respect

to the diversity of intangible heritage, which is what the convention sets out to do and also about in that way, learning respect, other people live for each other in all of our minority differences. well, or what is it lagos? tell us about your work concerning the protection of intangible cultural heritage and in i read nigeria. and what you see is the main threats to this heritage that oh yes, i am very happy to be here. thank you to everyone and yes, i've worked as a journalist editor, i've done curatorial work in places like the it will show will show go secret grove which is a unesco world heritage site. and i've also visited other places. and the threads especially increasingly has to do with that to call our leadership and

a lot of our policy gaps which don't take these places. so they are sure. so both separate grove in, in the south west part of nigeria for instance, is so crucial to the community, to the history of the people to the found in the town. and is the center for it was the most festival, the osho festival, which takes place annually almost every year. but now that place is actually threatened in terms of the environment by indie gov, mining. that is rampant in towns along the route of the river because you're sociable, a separate group has as it some heart, the secret a river or shown which is also tied to the beliefs of the people to the history and, and, and all of that. and all, not just one idea,

but all the way the diaspora are people in brazil, cuba, part of the united states for instance, come to this place as a commemoration of identity and belong again and ancestral ties. and because of the illegal, mainly the water is being polluted at. this is water. for instance, the people that the adherents of the goddess believe has healing powers. they call it have a hubble a mixed up with them. but when it's polluted with, all of these are metals and the hollow, the characterization, everything changes. so that is a real threat. and so there is the need definitely to continue to safeguard places like that. i mean, last year for instance, i visited historical sites in a bank. oh your state here in nigeria are which it it,

it's like same like parts of rome been endangered by decertification and artifacts being destroyed. i mean from these artifacts that you actually understand the tradition of the people, the songs, the, the stories are the beliefs of the people and how. d that ties from the previous generations. so even challenges that we're facing today. we're definitely fascinating. karnataka and parents, you're the deputy director of the french heritage society. tell us about the work of your society than in protecting the cultural heritage. the intangible cultural heritage of france. yes, well, thank you. i'm very pleased to be with you today as well. we deal both in tangible and intangible. we. we raced funds to protect a historic monuments. so for the restoration, the preservation i throw at parks and gardens as well. but touching back on what

the previous speakers said, there's also an intangible quality because there's the transmission. you can consider perhaps the, the, the bricks and stones as the, as the framework. it's the testimony of past civilization, of crowds of artisans was come before us. but there's also kind of a living heritage to transmit this today, not only to restore it, but to give a vocation to these monuments so that they're living so that they're open to the public. and also the question of parks and gardens is very important now as well, which also has a role to play in sustainable development in. but biodiversity. and of course, with the restoration in carrying non traditional crafts, which are in france. what we call also gets him when evil, so living heritage, which are the skills that are transmitted from generation to generation. well,

a juliet, a one quick question. a just want to come back to pinning down what constituted, tangible, cultural heritage. what about dying languages and religions, they eligible for protection of what happens in the case of controversial cultural practices? are they still considered for inclusion? i think she had a question center question on languages and religions. now this is discussed a lot in the beginning of the convention in the drafting of the text itself. and with regard to languages and we, it is not a language itself that is defined as in tangible coax heritage in the convention on the article too. but it, how it was related to these are all expressions practices. so we see language as a vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage. so it's a way that it can be transmitted to generation to generation in terms of religions,

of course, or a very many different aspects of intangible, cultural heritage that are related to organized religion. they might think particular social practices or ritual which come from religious traditions and origins, but a religion in organized religion itself does not fall under the convention definition of intentional cultural heritage. now in terms when it comes to kind of more controversial elements or inscription. and again, if we go back to the article to it states that all in tangible cult who heritage falling under this convention must be in line with international human rights instruments. so any practice or tradition which might not be aligned or might conflict with such international instruments does not fall under the definition of intangible co heritage in the 2000. and 3 convention juliet,

what does it mean then for a community? when a practice is given, unesco intangible, cultural heritage status and, and does that status have a role to play in, in bringing desperate communities together? and that's a very good question. just to go back to the, the lives of the convention or how it is recognized as in tangible, cultural heritage. so we have to list says the representative list of intangible cultural heritage. and this is made up of elements in tangible, cultural heritage that demonstrate the diversity of the heritage and that help raise awareness of it's important. and then the 2nd one is in the urgent safeguarding list. and this is a list which is about intangible cultural heritage that is a benefit typically at risk. and the purpose of this really is to mobilize

international awareness around the elements in danger of gives, appearing, and encouraged to introduce specific actions and plans to address these. right? so this might be in designing promotion programs or education programs around the element in creating particular policy environment which would help survive. so to the community themselves, inscription one of these and this can bring a lot of awareness to their intangible cultural heritage. brains greater recognition. it can help kind of burst international recognition around this element and provide the frameworks for introducing the safeguarding plans and action. okay. yeah, melora, we should remember that it's not an end in it so, so it's really the start of the launch pad full so that they've got an action between the states and community for each generation menorah. one of the things that interests me about about the list that we're talking about here is,

is that the shift that has been towards more environmental concerns recently you talked about about the pollution coming from these are legal minds. how much of your work ben, directly concerns the environment. and have you noticed this, this shift towards protecting the environment in when considering intangible, cultural heritage? indeed indeed, i loved the phrase used by the speaker in paris, a living heritage, and a social book that i mentioned, for instance, is a place where a living heritage is in practice. and we get through the songs through the practices and are all the people that and so many communities come in to this place and just keeping it alive every day. and it is threatened by the environment. and by the, the, i nonchalance of persons authority who don't basically take

seriously these threats to these places. so for that, there are mental pollution and also not just a threat to the site immediately, but also to the water which they, the people breathing and drink. and all of that, the holy water, so to speak. and then this river, i actually flows through so many, often 2030 different power and community. so it's a threat to a lot of people and to their relationship to history as represented by this site. so increasingly, environment is a concern and they need internationally to, to have basically a cohesive, a message about what national governments should be doing to complement the

efforts of an organization such as units before instance. and also for activists on the ground. and luck had measured also the other side. desertification are illegal, whole industry ah, heritage trees being failed in both places where people and songs and beliefs and all of that have thrive and where are not artists and to this. but also archaeologists are trying to piece together the, the history of the people and the progress of, ah, in time to build a heritage is the last year i was a kid who in the republic of been with a neighboring country to nigeria. here to observe the collect debt performance, which it's a masked play. gallaudet lee and it didn't come in. it's a, it's you not be recognized as an intangible heritage by unesco. and it includes the

article performance, which when you sit in action, you realize that this is a, yeah, go tradition, which does not stem from the western tradition. it is of the people and you see community cohesion. and the more of the special on the people that when other people see themselves and i have had, i had to go from nigeria to go and see it in the republic of any wet big and gala that is applied to some of the you about it. when most yuma will i in anterior but because we do not have that kind of products that are protection for gala dare say in nigeria for instance, it is preserved in a, in a more potent form in k 2. and i have to go there to go and see, but if we have more protection, then we can have these in tangible heritage be really impractical in, in lives, our community. karen archer in paris. yes. it's wonderful to, to be able to,

to protect this cultural heritage. and it's the right thing to do. but how much does it cost on an on who pays? i mean, they're, they're in france, in the country seems particularly passionate about. so aspects of it, it's cultural house is too heavy. and the problem finding donors that they're in front of you purse more fortunate in france than elsewhere in the world. well it's, it's a mixed system. because traditionally, france has been a very centralized country in terms of culture, in terms of historic monuments in that, but that is changing and they're quoting more along the anglo saxon model. now typically, typically with incentives like in the united states for private domes. so there is still state aid quite an important amount of state aid, but there's a mixture of private donors, of foundations, of companies that are interested in heritage as well. and as far as french heritage

society is concerned, we have, we were actually found into, to help incite american donors g. i give to france to maintain its cultural heritage. and in the united states is model of giving and tax deductibility and favorable laws. um is, is very much the norm and i think that the practice much more in france as well, in a way because it's so expensive. so the government has to find other ways they're trying it to incentivize private donors and even individuals as well, with things like crowd funding on where everyone can feel that they have a stake in preserving their heritage. they can, they can be invested in the monuments, they choose to support, and it's not just for an elite, and it's not removed from their everyday lives. juliette, one of the main threats to intangible cultural heritage and to what extent does it

rely? does the protection of it rely upon international cooperation? thanks for the question. so in something the main threat to enjoyable cultural her very we see a lot of issues around younger generation, perhaps losing interest in the heritage or issues around rural migration. as i mentioned before, there might be threats relating to issues around changing the environment by diversity law. for instance, there might be a particular material from the environment that may be needed in a practice and you know, that might not be available anymore. but that's not to say that the heritage were necessarily do the peer because we also have to recognize adaptive capacity. so the ability of community to adapt their practices to the changing environment,

they might replace that material with another material. we could still have significance to those communities. and international cooperation can play very important role in raising awareness of district and kind of gathering international support around them to take action in terms of developing specific safeguarding plan to address those tricks julia and i can understand the need to protect inherited cultural traditions. but why do esco consider it important to protect contemporary practices as well? so contemporary practices there is when i, when i mentioned that it's, you know, a living heritage has significant. the communities being practices are passed down from generation to generation. but that's not to say to suck in the past so that they're frozen in the past. and communities can,

to adapt to the changing needs of ration that it continues to have relevance in the line. and that's a very important kind of notion in the convention. and it's different to these discourses around protection and preservation of heritage because we understand that heritage is not frozen in time, but continues to evolve with generations. and that's how we can say that it can contribute to some of these contemporary issues. and it can also be innovative in nature, in providing new information to some of these challenges around by climate change, adoption, disastrous reduction, and things like that. that has been a fascinating discussion. the, i'm afraid we must end. thank you all for being with a student, hopkins in paris, miller wood in lagos and karen archer, also in paris. and thank you for watching. don't forget, you can see the program again any time just by visiting the website where it i'll

just hear a dot com. and for the discussion join us facebook page. that's facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. and you can join the conversation on twitter handle at a inside story for be a 3 and again, the team here. and so thanks for watching. we'll see you again, bye for the ah indonesia your investment destination, the world's 10th largest economy is busy transforming, ready to beat your business,

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