windows of a 100 kilometers per still, the thread more that on monday. not bad in w, a purse with a high of 30 degrees will. and this one off in new zealand and rain never too far away from the escape, gets been. have 23 degrees for you. that's a snapshot of your weather see later. ah, ah. a grinding battle in southern ukraine wire forces attack the occupied city of melissa pole while russian strikes leave 300000 people without power in odessa. ah. hello, i'm mary. i'm to mozy in london, you're watching alger 0 also coming up on the program. a libyan man accused of

making the bomb but blew up a passenger plane of lockerbie in scotland is taken into us custody. tensions are on high and northern cost of over ethnic sub's of blocked roads. after a night of gunfire and explosions, masses a ryan spacecraft splashes into the pacific after barling through our atmosphere at 32 times the speed of sound clearing away for the next mission. to the moon. ah, hello and welcome to program ukrainian ports of a desa stopped operating after russia attack the regions energy grid. it's a vital transport for delivering grain to much of the developing world. but ukraine's agriculture minister says exports will continue from 2 other ports. russia blocks ukraine's ports for months during the invasion until 3 were allowed to operate under a deal broken by the turkish government. turkish president,

russia type odor. one says he's discussed the agreement with the leaders of both countries and is called for a quick end to the conflicts. moscow wants better guarantees, so that its own food and fight to that fight, hurt light, exit forts can be it transported elsewhere. while key wants more ports added to the deal. meanwhile, around 300000 people in odessa is still without power of the rush use. iranian may drones hit to energy facilities. all non critical infrastructure has been left without any electricity. and then elsewhere, the ukrainian military is attack, the russian occupied city of mila to poll, ukrainian official se scores of russian troops have been killed. but russia says 2 people, a dead and 11 injured. the strike omelet a pole was one of several overnight rocket strikes, targeting russian bases explosions were also reported in russia. occupied crimea, including some estoppel and sim, for a pole of fighting is reportedly intensified as well around the city of backlit in

the eastern danielle collegian. aus is aries or a challenge, has more from keith. the fighting in black moods has been described to me by someone involved in it is like starling grad reminiscence of some of the 20th century is worst attrition of blood bars. but happening in this country right now, it's by months of intense combat, though ukrainian forces do still hold back moves and quite why rusher is willing to sacrifice so many men to take what is a relatively strategically unimportant city. as many observers perplexed in the southern city of a desa, the situation, energy wise, is improving after rush and drone strikes, plunge 1500000 people into darkness. and ukraine is hitting back most probably using high mars that precision rocket system, given to it by western allies, has been targeting russian bases and barracks in occupy territory. mel it's helpful being particularly badly hit. now 2022 is drawing to a close, and ukraine is

a country radically altered from a year ago. our latest report looks at a group of scientists who had big plans for this year. change an instance by russia's invasion, a frigid landscape of snow and ice, the natural habitat for a polar specialist. but this is, keeps war scarred outer suburbs, not the antarctic wilderness, alina and her colleagues, should have been exploring this year. ukraine's national antarctic scientific santa expedition was due to set off last february till russia's invasion froze their dreams. instead, they've hung up the po lower, and their lives have taken very different parts. some of our polar scientists are operating in indifferent kind of fall in france. so almost their mind and body, some of them in the south. but the one group of the scientists form the old unit

and they called themselves military teams. and i believe it's a characteristically ukrainian flourish of humor to help see them through these dark times. they even have their own badge. you can see that it's been in the, in cars like style. he's angry, by the way, this penguin battalion, vomiting scientists, is doing real fighting in some of the was toughest battles. the guys also on they, when they somewhere near boston with again, this is for sure. involvement come back, which is tough for boston. atlanta can see what the war is doing to friends and colleagues. she's known intimately for years. i see how he becomes old and older, and also he becomes sentimental when written to mental about motions. she like, she could start crying, which and some, some small themes all say in and, and what is also important the to 5 to said, i love you. i care about you much more than before. you just love march anchor is

the antarctic centers technical director. just out of a key of hospital following a close call and back move to the fighting. he described. there is a hellish coffin of pounding, artillery on hand to hand combat the muzzle. what's key in it usually be what we had a very difficult night battle. if i have a storm by 24 of them, they broke in some parts of the building. we did not control the fighting, was that 5 or 6 meters grenade flying? everyone shooting grenades fell just one and a half meter for my head as i was in a pit under the mac, the mac, the pseudo, it's for now. we just love can't afford to think of what he be doing. if russia hadn't attacked the point, how completely focused on the war, but i really wanted to end with him to return to a peaceful life. again. i want to create something not destroy with it, for now i have to destroy. unfortunately, elinor is busy helping to. she's raising money and supplies food helmets,

drones to send to the front lines, things that might end up saving the lives of her colleagues. the story of ukraine's antarctic scientists and how they became the penguin legion of frontline warriors. crowdfunding is one of millions of civil transformations everyday lives indefinitely put on hold. so they can help their country in its hour of need for we talents, al jazeera keith. ah, you as the officials say they've taken the olympian man into custody in connection with the lockerbie bombing aboard. give them a suit is accused of making the explosive device that blew up pan am flight one o 3 over scotland in 1988. the justice department says he'll appeared a federal court in washington, all 259 people on board. the flight were killed as well as 11 people on the ground . algae there is alan fisher has more in this from washington. other gilam

a suit was originally indicted with offences linked to the lockerbie bombing 2 years ago. he's now an f b. i custody. how that happened will only become clear when he makes a court appearance here in washington dc. it was reported that he was being held in a libyan jalen unrelated offences. another report from libya suggested that just last month he was kidnapped by an armed militia group, and the intention was they would hand them over to the americans for a ransom. only one man has ever been convicted of involvement in the lockerbie bombing. that happened at 34 years ago this month when the panam jet clipper made of the seas was blown out of the skies over lockerbie and scotland. 270 people were killed. one international law expert says the apprehension of mustard is a significant development since a very, very clear message to, to the victims that this matter hasn't been forgotten. and those are where we held

accountable. the one man convicted of involvement in the lockerbie bombing was libyan abdel bassett on the ground. he was charged by the scottish authorities in $1090.00. 1 eventually appeared before a panel of scottish judges in 2001, and found guilty. he was serving time in a scottish jail when in 2009, he was diagnosed with cancer. he was released on humanitarian grounds, and in 2012, he died in tripoli. now there are many families of those who died in the panama bombing, who believed that al mcgraw, he was wrongly convicted, that the libyans had no involvement with the piano bombing. no, the americans intend to put on trial. the man that they believe built the bomb the don't the jet over lockerbie focus sounds military are saying 6 people have died off to afghan forces, shall the border town. the army says 17 others were wounded and chairman and that

pakistani troops, 5 bag spokesman for the governor of afghanistan's kandahar province. as both sides clashed over the construction of new checkpoints on the afghan side of the border, most trade between afghanistan and pakistan passes through chapman. now they've been explosions, gone fire road blocks in cost of those rest of the northern region where the population is. majority ethnic sub tensions of saud over the arrest of a former policeman. he resigned along with hundreds of other ethnic serbs after cost of his government said it would ban license plates issued by serbia, president of serbia, which doesn't recognize castillo's independence is convened. a national security meeting will the casa and prime minister, albin courteous accused serbia of try to destabilize the region and is called for nato's mission to remove barricades erected by ethnic serbs. mackarath may boom. phoebe avenue, we call once again on the nato, a peacekeeping mission in kosovo, to guarantee freedom of movement. the peacekeeping mission in kosovo is supposed to

create a calm and safe environment, which also means to have freedom of movement. the blocking of public roads with heavy machinery by criminal gangs. that shows and police officers is not exhibited, will, and should not be repeated again in the future. we are waiting. no. dixon, opening zari at chaz more in the story now from belgrade. so from course or north are still blocking main roads in the region, while the course of police flows, the 2 main border crossings between coastal north in serbia, there are high and couple of incidents reported including several gunshots, but there were no reports of injury. also european union mission, felix confirmed the fun bernice was thrown at their reports and all you hire present. the teachers have already said that you will not tolerate such attacks or use of violence. he also said the page serves must be removed immediately and that all at 1st must avoid the escalation. in the meantime,

the officials of possibly serbia on exchanges. optimizations for the escalation and so on. president bolling found that got served for, for super us in order to protect themselves. he also said, serbia will ask me to peacekeepers to let it before you serve young military and fully as the gospel. although he believes that there is no chance of requests to be approved, it will be the 1st time the bell gray requested to deploy troops and also from the end the warrior night. and tonight, the your as also said the be off can deploy up to $1000.00 military, police and customer officials, giddy areas to be served majorities and border crossing the. but he just is such a deployment really is approved by commander of me to mission impossible. it should be said that at the time it was agreed course of all was international, recognized as a part of serbia in 2008 from wherever possible declared the senior dependence, which was a recognizable united states and most of the country. but that's

a declaration was never recognized by serbia. a european parliament vice president has been suspended from our duties after being caught up in a corruption investigation. eva kylie was one of 5 people arrested by belgian police on friday. and a scandal which allegedly involves officials from cat are prosecute to say the country tried to influence decisions made in the european parliament by giving cash payments and gifts to lawmakers. a country official denied the accusations of possible misconduct before watching al jazeera ally from london. still had on the program, greatest migration of insects on earth. why it's never been more crucial to protect the monarch pacifies hibernation grounds in mexico. ah

more rain on the way for a flight hit areas of portugal that includes the capital. lisbon and it's not just rain, but the winds as well. just seems like it has been round after round of rain for this area. we'll continue to keep tabs on it. got some snow drifting around central parts of europe. we've seen the snow. certainly a good helping of it in warsaw, a bit of snow round the balkans as well. but sophia bulgaria with a temperature of 9 degrees. it will be rain for you, snow over the higher ground. disturbed weather for southern turkey. surround talia with the high of 18 degrees, so low temperatures. let's talk about it toward the northwest. we've also seen some freezing fog here as while that's created some treacherous driving conditions. i think also treacherous driving conditions across the baltic states with this snow and wind here. blizzard like condition, seem likely on monday, let's go to the top end of africa right now. so all of that activity in the beerin peninsula is dropping down into morocco. so we've got some damp days ahead. for

example, in robots, your temperature will fall off is walled, some more average for this time of the year. for southern africa, south africa, not only stormy, but windy, especially for the eastern cape. providence wing us here. 70 kilometers per hour on monday. that's it. that's all. see you soon. ah ah, ah ah ah

ah, welcome back. i'll main stories now. you can even push of desa is stopped operating off to rush or attack the regions energy grid. it's expected to impact grain exports. many people have also been left without power. just as wind heads with 300000 residents affected by this. u. s. officials say they've taken a libyan monitor custody and connection with the lockerbie bombing. a bochita mustard is accused of making the explosive device that flew up panam flight, one of 3 of scotland in 1988. pakistan's military says 6 people have died off to afghan forces, shout the town of chairman, spokesman for kandahar province as both sides clash of the construction of you

checkpoints, only afghans side of the board in a senior japanese politician is saying that the country needs to boost to minute tree spending, because of what he calls the grim reality of threats from china and north korea. great. you how good, who is the policy chief of japan's governing as he made these comments during a visit to taiwan, which beijing claims as chinese territory. japan is already planning to increase its military budget around $80000000000.00, which would make it the 3rd largest in the world. you grew up in san june and gone over the past 30 years. china has increased its military spending by a multiple close to 40. north korea has a sheer conducted missile launchers in defiance of your and security council resolutions. with unprecedented frequency in the face of this grim reality, half measures in response have absolutely no meaning. to rescue both, carrying more than 500 migrants and refugees have been allowed to dock at ports in italy. geo barents arrived in sir. no, no,

no. a 2nd vessel at the port of bari. tylen authorities granted permission because of poor weather conditions far right. government says it still takes a tough line on immigration, though in canada, hundreds of people have been marching for biodiversity and human rights on the streets of montreal. the demonstrations are taking place during the u. n's caught 15 biodiversity conference organized of the march. se lawmakers need to tackle the world by diversity crisis. delegates at court 15 are aimed to reach a new agreement to replace the one sign in 2010, which didn't fully meet any of its targets. i already spoke to sonia pen moreno, the director of the national policy center at the international union for the conservation of nature. and she had this update on how the conference is going so far. there was hardly any progress made on the 3 days of negotiations of the so called open ended working group. that was the body that was middle she agreement

before it got to the call. now we see that some progress has been made. several decisions where adopted already yesterday related to the indigenous people from local community, for instance, tradition and nature and culture, scientific and technical evidence, and other issues related to the particles that are part of this conventional biological diversity. there are still sticky points ahead and we hope that those 2 ways can be resolved in the, in the days to come. millions of monarch butterflies have descended on central mexico is parts of that annual winter migration. it's the largest known journey of any insect species. and as manual rapid reports from michigan state efforts to protect the hibernation grounds, a more important than ever. it's one of the most spectacular mass migrations in the animal kingdom. monarch butterflies,

millions of them arriving at their winter habitat in central mexico. this year the international union for the conservation of nature officially designated the migrating monarch butterfly as endangered. yes. oh this is like an alarm bell over the population of the migrating monarch butterfly. and it's a warning sign of what's happening to pollinating insects. experts say the use of pesticides along with a loss of habitat are the biggest threats to the species. increased forest fires and unusual weather patterns linked to climate change have also been linked to their decline. this means protected forests like l rosario, the largest butterfly sanctuary, and central mexico are of vital importance. they may be difficult to see from a distance, but these trees behind us are absolutely covered in monarch butterflies. now tourists are welcome at this protected butterfly sanctuary. here in central mexico, but visitors are asked to keep their voices down so as to not disturb the butterflies. for many the up close encounter with millions of these vibrant

butterflies is a once in a lifetime experience. one that can turn just about anyone into a champion for conservation is long, but then think once it's very important to protect this natural reserve, which the butterflies at themselves seek out for hundreds of years. indigenous communities in this part of the country have associated the monarch butterfly with the returning souls of the dead. that are colorful, ballet has inspired art and dance and even become a symbol of mexican cultural heritage. often feature during mexico's annual day of the dead celebrations. a bill cruise, a conservationist at el rosario says protecting the floors were monarch butterflies . hibernate is also a way to safeguard mexico's natural resources for human populations. any more than that than other wall sconces having well preserved forests is very important because that's where the water we need to survive, comes from water that goes all the way to mexico city,

which experts in mexico see that despite the monarch being designated as endangered, there's evidence that conservation efforts are working, but ultimately the future of this iconic insect depends on the continued protection of their natural habitat. monroe it up, a low al jazeera, central mexico. nasa's a ryan spacecraft as safely completed its $25.00 day mission around the moon and back it splashed down off the coast of baja, california after entering our atmosphere at $32.00 times the speed of sound the on mon tesla is part of the ottoman program. so let's then take a look at what nasa ames to achieve with the artemus mission. it's the 1st in a series of increasingly complex missions. it will enable human exploration to the moon and to mars. it will eventually return humans to the moon for the 1st time, says the apollo 17 landing in 1970 new. that is 50 years ago to day. and they'll be groundbreaking. nasa says it will land at the 1st woman and the 1st

person on at the lunar surface. but they're not just going to be visiting. nasa will build a base camp to allow astronauts to stay on the moon for lengthy periods, as well as an outpost or gateway or bit. they'll be a starting point for deeper mind exploration into space, including to the rad planets, with a focus on things like finding the water and critical resources, and learning how to live on another celestial body. what is the significance of this after a half century that we were last on the moon? there we did. the impossible making it possible. now we're doing that again, but for a different purpose. because this time, we go back to the moon, to learn, to live, to work, to invent, to create, in order to go on out into the cosmos,

to further explore. the plan is to get ready to go with humans to mars late in the decade of the 20 thirty's. and then even further beyond them, we know from what we're finding from the james web space telescope, that it is a very, very large universe out there to be understood and explored. so like an aka is a senior electron astrophysics at the university, a central anxious she joined us now by soon from cheshire, here in the u. k. so, as he was saying it's, it's, it's 50 years ago to the time this is actually that they've picked an excellent time for it. since humans last landed on the moon, it feels like there is a new generation preparing to explore space. what makes this different from the apollo era? well, this is a lot bigger than the ambition of

a polar mean. polar was an a vicious program to take people to the moon for the 1st time and do all the science experiments that they did. but the aim as you were hearing there is actually not just to go back and do the same sort of things. this was done during apollo, but to go back to actually build a base to plan, to stay there for the long term. so to have astronauts up there in a similar kind of way that we've had a permanent mind presence in space for the last couple of decades with the international space station. so actually doing more in the way of long duration presence on the moon. getting that technology, right, testing bits of technology, testing bits of procedures, testing how well the astronauts can cope in that sort of environment for a per long length of time and the effects on human health as well. and then taking that learning to develop what we're going to need in order to take the next step to go to mars and potentially further in solar system. i mean, it wasn't without a bit of drama, was it because mission control at one point had to black out periods during re

entry when they lost contact with, with the craft. how much, how much suspense was there. there's always suspense. when that happens again, it's a normal part of passing through the atmosphere at high speed. you get a huge build up of heat, which is why you need a heat shield to protect you from that intense energy during re entry. the heat heal itself as the temperature is approaching $3000.00 degrees celsius, which is half the temperature that you get on the surface of the sun for contacts. so this is really high temperature that they have to deal with. i'm that generate a plasma around the station and that blocks radio signal. so every time you send a spacecraft back figure something to say you have one of these periods blackouts and with this particular spacecraft coming back from the moon. it's very different to just coming back from a little bit, coming back from a little bit. essentially, you can fire engines to slow yourself down and you basically fall. i have to get back to the atmosphere into the ground. when you coming back from the moon, you're traveling at 25000 miles. now you have to slow down, you have to lose all of that velocity in

a safe way. so coming back to that and that's why it generates quite so much heat in this particular mission. the reason that we're to blackouts was it came to the atmosphere 1st came down to a certain level. so you had one black out and then basically use this thing to skip technique where it went back up again. i'm to lose a bit more energy is it then came down more slowly so you get to blackouts as it comes down the 1st time. and then as it comes down the 2nd time i'm and they would have been an awful lot of people sort of holding their breath crossing. the thing is emission control hoping that the signal comes back where and when it's supposed to. and it looks like he did, it came back perfectly on time and exactly in terms of its trajectory, where they were expecting it to. so it certainly looks for mission data that we've seen so far that almost everything works exactly as planned for this mission, which is excellent for the timeline of height. please ending the 1st crude mission of that by 2024. right? so they'll be breathing aside. ready, because as you've just mentioned, that there is a great deal, it could have gone wrong with re entry from that distance. tell us more about what the post flight analysis teams are going to be looking to scrutinize now.

well initially, so even before they, they rescued the cost from the water, they were inspecting the heat shield to see whether it had performed as, as expected. so they were looking at it, seeing if its temperature profile was as expected to see whether there are any cracks, that being very, very careful to preserve as much of that information as possible. so it's been very carefully handled by the recovery crew and it will then be taken to a building at nasa where they will inspect it in a huge amount of detail. so there's an awful lot of work that it's going to take place in the next few weeks to months. as the engineers look at the spacecraft that's come back and check that it did everything that it was supposed to and, and it performed correctly. and there are no unexpected, i'm sort of fractures or breaks or, you know, it's a fatigue that they weren't expecting in a part of the structure. but there's also a huge amount of senses on both the spacecraft on the dummies that they have in the group. and i know that when a humans on board, but there was 3 dummies,

including 2 mannequins called helga and zohar. what was the purpose of that? so the dummies were there as human analogs. so again, it's for testing purposes. so there was a full scale and male man, a can in a space that's been designed for the the optimist program. so again, it was testing whether last basic performed as, as was expected. the to the other 2 domains that you mentioned there, helgren's or how they were. i'm female anatomy and they were just the torso section of, of the human. so not the full body, but you don't need it because what you were doing with those 2 domains was amongst the things. one of the things they did was on one of them they had a radiation vest on the other one. they had no radiation fast. so they were using them as comparison to see whether that radiation best again did its job in protecting the human body from the harsh radiation environment, the getting space. again, that's important. if you're going to the noun, because you're going outside to be as protective. magnetic field, so you're more subject to these high energy cosmic rays than you are within the us

atmosphere within lower but, but again, really important. so long duration missions potential to malls, where you're going to be spending 6 months minimum in a spacecraft between the planets. so you'll need to be able to protect your assets from that harsh radiation environment. and that's one of the main reasons for having all these dummies on board of this. this particular mission is to see whether that equipment can do what it needs to to keep even safe. well it's, it's fascinating mission. i was great to get your thoughts on this. i do appreciate it and megan all good. joining us there from the university of central lancashire so also shooting for them, then a japanese starts out that set out that sent up its own lunar landa on a space ex rocket mission by the company i space is called how could 2, which means white rabbits and japanese carrying a lot of cargo, including the way east, 1st luna, rather than a robot from japan that's designed to roll around on the moon surface. it's not going to be as quick as nasa. ryan, it'll take me 5 months to reach them.