seeing any tension in society both a lot. oh, the bella chow song is still very much alive. it was chanted by workers in rice, patty fields in italy during world war 2 to complain about harsh conditions. oh, in today's farsi version is just as critical of authorities. mm hm. with, when music is used to protests on the streets, the usual melodic rules may not be as important. the words and slogans take precedence over with them to ensure that the message is universal. doors of jabari al jazeera to her on ah, the headlines on al jazeera, the u. s. has a known so it's calling

a major breakthrough in nuclear fusion. the department of energy says it will lead to clean energy and an end to dependence on fossil fuels. for the 1st time, they design this experiment so that the fusion fuel stayed hot enough dense enough and round enough for long enough that it ignited. and it produced more energy than the lasers had deposited. about 2 mega julianne, about 3 megajoules out again of $1.00. the energy production took less time than it takes like to travel. one inch can fast ukraine's allies have pledged a $1000000000.00 worth of aid to help him get through the winter as it faces the severe energy crisis. president, vulnerable on ski appeal for help during a donor conference in paris. many a few cranes energy facilities have been damaged by russian airstrikes. us president joe biden is hosting african leaders in washington trying to strengthen

ties with the continent. talks we'll focus on the corona virus climate change russian invasion of ukraine and trains. south africa, the ruling party has stopped an impeachment process against president 0 rama posts on an independent panel had concluded he may have violated his oath of office. the inquiry was low and softer on the post was accused of covering up the theft of millions of dollars in undeclared cash from his game farm. in 2020 at least 7 people have been killed during protests in peru. demonstrations began last week when former president pedro castillo. busy impeached and arrested. his successor dina blower to says she will ask congress to call early elections. tuesday's world cup action. we'll see a semi final showdown between argentina and croatia. the match pick 2 of the games, greatest players against each other. you know, messy. and lucas rich. those are the headlines on al jazeera coming up next. it's inside story. thanks for watching. bye bye for now.

ah. ah, you as president joe biden is hosting a 3 day summit with african leaders. it comes as china is investing heavily in the continent, and russia is involved in regional conflicts. so what does the us hope to achieve? what's in it for african nations? this is inside story. ah. hello there and a warm welcome to the program. i'm laura kyle. you as president joe biden has

invited 49 african heads of state and leaders of the african union to washington d. c. barack obama hosted the 1st such summit 8 years ago. but under donald trump, washington shifted focus to domestic rather than foreign policy. in the interim, china has been expanding its influence on the continent. it's invested in development projects and infrastructure and issued loans. russia to has been active on the diplomatic front, and is unofficially involved in a number of military conflicts, abides, administration hopes, the summit, will we, kendall? america's relationship with african countries. as mommy, tom, jim reports from johannesburg. when american president rock obama hosted african leaders at the 1st us africa summit in 2014, many believed it was a great chance for the united states to strengthen its trade ties with the continent. and reaffirm political commitments, but in the end, business opportunities turned mostly into a photo opportunity at

a distribution warehouse in johannesburg for american own company. john deere, which manufacturers, among other things, agricultural equipment, team members, are more hopeful about the 2nd summit is gonna allow dialogue around the opportunities, the benefits that i am currently that the companies talented delivering in, in africa. and also, most importantly, highlight the challenges to our african leaders that our people on the ground, our customers, our families are currently facing the big question now. just how much can 3 days of meetings accomplish? according to the us state department, south africa is america's biggest trade partner on the continent, with goods worth $21000000000.00 exchange. last year, economists here optimistic about the potential of strengthening that relationship during the summit. they say the market here is ready for more trade with the u. s. they all to warn the south africa will have to tread here. that's due mostly to china and to a lesser degree, russia at

a time of great geopolitical tensions between those countries and the united states as part of bricks. a grouping of the major, emerging economies of brazil, russia, india, china, and south africa. the south african government would not want to alienate either be jing or moscow as it seeks, even warmer ties with washington international relations professor gilbert, cardia gala says, during this summit, china will most definitely be the elephant in the room. 10 hours med are lot of inroads in africa, particularly an infrastructure engaging with are not of african countries. china is africa's largest 2 way trading partner in 2021. that value of trade hit $254000000000.00. and while u. s. president, jo biden's administration is concerned about china's growing footprint in africa. american officials continue to insist african nations should not be forced to pick sides. the united states will not dictate his choice. neither to anyone else.

the right to make these choices bolster, or a diplomatic tightrope to be sure. but one the u. s. hopes can be navigated successfully. mohammad syndrome does either johannesburg or china has been the constant biggest trading partner for more than a decade. data from bay ging shows goods worth $254000000000.00 were exchanged with african countries last year. that's almost 4 times the value of us trade with the continent, which amounted to $65000000000.00 in 2021. according to the us census bureau, china is by far the biggest investor in africa, followed by the u. s. france and takia. ah, let's bring in august now and in london. only a catchy one, blew a coldness at the new african magazine in washington, d. c. davidson,

former us ambassador to ethiopia, and the king of fossa and a professor at george washington university, and in beijing, ida tank and senior fellow at the ty her institute, i'm founder of asia narratives. welcome all of you, david. i thought in washington, dc where that summit is going to be guessing underway shortly. what does the us want to achieve from this conference when it wants to reassert entry africa, do and find ways for united states can collaborate more closely with africa to try and find ways to increase both foreign, direct investment and trade with africa to do some new things that have not been done in the past, for example, for a greater emphasis on the role of the african b as for 0 or d. s. for us in the united states. ready are becoming very significant communities

so even in domestic. busy politics with some of their members being elected to various positions on the us government to engage in a discussion on cooperation in space, which is relatively new for the united states. to look at the whole question of, i'm a change and what united. ready states can do there, so there's a wide variety of topics in the u. s. has in mind, and a lot of it will be dictated by the role of the private sector in united states, which is so critical. and the only trade in or indirect investment area anita cache is the $49.00 countries attending each of course will have its own wish list . but broadly speaking, to these topics ring true with the leaders of african nations as well. is that what they're hoping to get from the summit?

i think it's always been clear. part of the reason china is made in the afternoon. so interested infrastructure development. very interested in the kind of transformational change place in china a 5060 years that's really gender. but most of them are going to engage with what they have had in over the last 3040 years from the us. you know, generally sort of structural adjustment lectures on human rights and got very little investment in the kind of infrastructure that they've been asking for. and then also a lot of focus on 911 on security or you know, basin and that and defines again, sort of business,

you know, fundamentalist groups but not on that kind of development agenda. that's how that actually creates. busy jobs that transforms economies and actually create the conditions where young people are not be seduced by some of these radical forces. so that's, i think, what the africans once a year, they haven't been here in that very much from the us. i think over the last 3040 years, and it's been very much and it's music that they've been hearing from china. so if you think that's what president bison is aware of this change of tone that is needed at the summit in terms of american investment in africa, it's true that the nature of the investment is different than for example,

china offers, which is primarily loans which have to be paid back for in construction projects in the united states by enlarge is out of a loan business. its assistance is primarily in the form of branch. in the last year alone, that is 2022. united states offered $11000000000.00 and you carry an aide to africa and founding some and all of that is grand a. none of it's known money in terms of foreign direct investment. the united states has slipped in recent years. this is a. ready role for the private sector to why i think it would be a major push to try to increase the amount of foreign direct investment in africa. and nevertheless, total american direct investment stock and africa going back over the. ready years there's just about the same as trainers,

foreign direct investment stock in africa. in recent years, china has provided more flow to africa, has the united states. but i think the main thing is the united states is looking at this is a u. s. africa connection. not what china is doing in africa and trying to combat it. that's not the purpose of this summer. i know david says the us is keen to stress that this summer is not about competing with china in africa. but of course, china paging will nonetheless be watching very closely to see what comes out of it . well i don't think good david is making is his putting his best foot forward, but a he didn't answer your question, which is does biden understand that he has switched tone? i mean, he's, he's at the south american this summit of america that, that did not go well. it was a bust bust. he had the same thing with us yon,

that he didn't even bother to meet with the has to say from a travel to washington. i hopefully this will be handle better for 49 countries are coming to compare that with 52 countries were a members of the belt road initiative in africa. so i mean, there's a, there's a lot of work here. i mean, way, david described it early on was, is, is, is, if africa had somewhat just come to the attention of us africa's been there for a long period of time. it's needs are very well known. i'm surprised that you know it's food energy, debt relief, health issues. how does africa to a bell? you know, how do you get the infrastructure to allow you know, these countries do that? it's fine to say a private sector will step in private sector is interested in making dollars. nothing wrong with that. but they're not going to build bridges. and long term projects are interesting, shorter term,

commercial opportunities. so africa is looking for one set of goals, and right now the u. s. doesn't really have an answer for that, nor does i, nor do i think that biden as the right child with africa and the by that i mean just look recently. well, recently, a couple months ago when blinking was in south africa and say, i don't want you to have to choose well, 2 days earlier than the rental from the u. n. c, u. s. investment un had been in the country saying we want you to choose, choose us over china. and blinking was very roundly dressed down in a very few kaden man or by a b minister of the south africa. so, i mean, you can pretend that these games are being played, but in here we all know china is the elephant roman us is trying to contain trying to contain china. and that's the main thrust ok of this particular event.

this year. david, i'll give you a chance to respond muscles. i just point out that of course, this summit is the 1st off, the 1st one that was ever held 8 years ago, and that is a dangerously long time, isn't it for the us to have taken it off the ball as the us put it felt of africa, and during that time there have been many other countries who have been stepping in all too quickly to fill the gap that the u. s. has left i think that's a fair criticism. we shouldn't go 8 years before having one of these. ready so much on one of these gatherings, it's important to keep in mind that the, the american african leader, somebody is a very different animal than for example, china's form on china, africa cooperation which meets every 3 years. it's not intended to do the same thing. in fact, our systems of government are so different that it couldn't possibly do the same

thing. and as a result, so whatever the united states does is going to be far more dependent on the private sector. what the us does is also basically grant based not loan based. so if you look at the african debt today, almost none of that is due to to american loans. it's. busy other countries that are involved in the dat issue the united states is trying to do. ready to alleviate to the international financial institutions, but the u. s. is basically involved in grant. busy programs that's why i emphasize $11000000000.00 just this year or monetary and assistance. no other country in the world, even approaches that kind of a ok. i know we'll come back to 1st bonds in just a moment. i'm aware that we have not heard from annette. cathy for a while, i want to get an idea from you, and i can't say whether many african countries do feel that they have to choose

between china and the u. s. well, i think that is that a, you know, in the context for ukraine. busy been extraordinary pressure years, not just with china, with russia logs, and you know, that's fair enough. each, each country has its own interest and the way it has to really, you know, to achieve those interests. and so the u. s. has it positions on these issues, but the trends also have their own and they don't necessarily show all the sort of interpretation of what's going on in that international route. i did want to just pick up on some of the points that were made. i think, you know, very, there are opportunities for us to get this right now. for me,

the biggest opportunity was something that was a little earlier, which is that, increasingly there's now a very dynamic african diaspora, new african, the us in, in the u. s. traditionally, a lot of the policies from the you know, sort of was factored through the prism of the old african, the, the historic desperate. now there's a new sort of complexity with connections on the ground to better able to argue for things that might work. and i think that's a huge opportunity i did with the old historical yes, but this could be a game changer. it has. it is a factor that the chinese do not have, you know,

over the last 2030 years, i've been astonished out of my day job is to work with an organization. go to fort myers, use it for development. not been astonished at how little that has been amplified or harnessed all real productive outcomes. so the thought that it's been mentioned, this round, i think is good. it could be a game changer, but fundamentally, to go back to your issue about choices. i just think that we are in a very different place globally and all of us have to work as a new bargain with each other. i know it's trying to limited and was it can offer africa limited to funding infrastructure projects, providing money and providing infrastructure and trade routes. i bring up the trade with if that makes sense of it's offering to the african continent.

no, not at all. i mean, a, you're seeing in north africa and also in the middle east. china is trying to develop this. this belgian road initiative goes beyond simply a stablish ing routes for a 2 way trade. what it really does is tries to take a lot of the elements that were possible in the past, in china, due to the labor dividend and push them further out, whether it's in the said or africa and south america. china has an immense market, immense needs, and obviously as it's kind of me climbs up into, you know, higher into tertiary territory. it's not going to happen to have the same advantages as it did when it started out 40 years ago. but i just wanted to group rhetoric to david south point. and as in this year, china forgave

a bunch of no interest loans because these countries in africa will not be able to pay back. and i was literally double over $22000000000.00 worth of loans and things like that. so this idea that a, u. b, u. s. is standing tall and taking care africa, africa that had been the case. why hasn't worked? you know, there is a damn be some lawyer and many years ago wrote a book called that 8. and it basically had a rough correlation that the amount of money that is given to africa, countries as a necessary and become more independent or to grow their g. d p is higher. so, you know, at this juncture, chinese not beijing is not asking anybody to choose, and this goes back to your question about what this is. china has to offer. china is trying to be inclusive. they believe that a trade is necessary, that making nations stronger, especially those that it is involved with economically key creating stability,

creating larger middle classes. larger markets is a rising tide that floats all ships. so that, that's the approach that they have. this is what she's saying is always talking about and which is often drilling 5 for this idea that there should be a share, a future for me. kind of david, one of the problems with the grants that you talk about the us offering is it does come with they do come with conditions don't they come with conditions of human levels of human rights and levels of democracy or governance. and this is often seen as quite patronized thing for a lot of african nations who would rather not have those conditions imposed on them . do you think the by them ministration recognizes that and is willing to move away from that terms of engagement? first, it's important to understand that you asked manner, terry and aid does not. with conditions, it goes through all countries on the continent that are in need of it. we had huge

amounts of age going into sudan for example, every time that we had sanctions on to down. so that's a huge exception. it is true that there is some nationality involved with development assistance in the united states. sounds fairly significant development aid. boeing and. ready africa also we often hear about china has no. ready conditionality attached to it said it's true, it does not have. ready conditionality attached to human rights. ready issues are western style, democratization. but if you look at the economic legs ties to chinese a. ready there is conditionality you get a chinese loan, you must have hire a chinese. ready company for the purpose of the loan for the infrastructure project, and use predominantly chinese materials, or there's a lot of sort of looking aside making this comparison on conditionality. i would also add that on, on the trade side,

it's fine true that china has significantly more trade with africa down the united states passed the united states in 2009 a. ready ready busy partner, but most of that is chinese exports going to africa, leaving a trade deficit for africa. us trade is considerably smaller, but it is, it has a trade deficit with africa. so africa, the primary beneficiary in terms of balance with ok on it. got you having a good time for one more point to which i will give to you won't, does africa have to offer? why is that of such interest to global play as well by the end of the century? and if we maintain the current trajectory africa will, that will have one in for the progress of the population of the well. so it's going to be a site for interest for markets. and it's what

happens in africa will impact europe and everywhere else, if it goes wrong, it could, it could go very badly wrong for everybody else. if it goes right, it would be a huge market for everybody else as well. so i think is important. and as i said, the key thing is for us, you know, we've talked about what's in the interest of the chinese was in the interest of my friends, i think we need to focus on what's in the interest of africans. africa has had a terrible last 400 years that needs to be really replaced. i mean, you know what my colleague in washington was talking about the fact that americans provide grants just we understand that. we also understand that some of the international land agencies that are controlled by america. busy didn't like the other culture which can benefit american private

companies. and so all of this is part of what we need to look at. ok. all right, and what do we have run out of time? i do have to finish our discussion that but thank you very much for taking the time to join us as a one bu davidson. and i'm a time again and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website. that's out there, dot com, and have a discussion to go to a facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. you can also during the conversation on twitter, $100.00 at ha, inside story from me laura kyle and the whole team here. it's bye for now.

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