very david. oh big. so i'm turns out he was right to be skeptical. gabriel saw do al jazeera new york or new zealand is imposing a lifetime tobacco ban on future generations. a new set of laws will make it illegal to sell tobacco products and cigarettes to any one born after 2008. that means that the number of people able to buy tobacco will shrink every year. new zealand smoking rate is already as a historic low. the legislation is designed to cut the number of retailers able to sell tobacco by 90 percent in 3 years. ah, hello there. this is al jazeera and these are the headlines. the mayor of keith says the cities air defenses of shot down multiple russian drones, russia has destroyed much of ukraine's energy facilities, causing rolling blackouts as winter sets in where we challenge has more from keith

speed an unpleasant wake up call us a key of this morning about 3 and a half hours ago, the air raid sirens came more now after confess, i didn't hear those. what i did here was half an hour later, an enormous explosion that sir reverberated around the city center. it got me out of bed looking out the window, couldn't see anything, but what we know is that it was just one of several drones that came in to the city. peruse government has expanded a state of emergency as protests continue to spread across the country. support as the pedro castillo, want him freed from jail. he's accused of an attempt at true and was arrested last week. while at the court hearing on tuesday, castillo thanked his supporters and found it to return to power wheel base. i want to say that i am unjustly and arbitrarily detained. i am not a thief, a ripest corrupt or a slug. but i would also like to address the country to tell them that i am totally

grateful for their trust and their effort and their struggle and their support. i will never give up. all i abandon this popular cause that has brought me here. argentina have booked their place on the well can't find out where the crushing victory, her croatia walk in nation when no, not for the south americans and the semi final on tuesday evening. we fiji is prime minister, has promised to respect the results of the general election as vote counting gets underway. there. the contest between 2 former crew leaders is being seen as the test of the countries democracy. mexico has shut down a large migrant camp in the southern state of waka, the campus used by thousands of migrants to obtain transit documents for the united states. well, those are the headlines. i'll be back with much more news for you here on al jazeera after inside story to stay with us. i'm from canada,

and my country are playing in the world for the 1st time since 986. this is my 1st time hovering a world cut. so to have the country that i was born in playing in the country that i live in. well, that's truly amazing. it's so exciting to watch. the world have come to cats are seeing it all come to life has been an incredible experience having the biggest football tournament in the world, in your own backyard, with such a special time to be living here. ah, you as president joe biden is hosting a 3 day summit with african leaders. it comes as china is investing heavily in the continent, and russia is involved in regional conflicts. so what does the us hope to achieve? what's in it for african nations? this is inside story. ah

hello the and a warm welcome to the program. i'm laura kyle. you as president joe biden has invited 49 african heads of state and leaders of the african union to washington d. c. brack obama hosted the 1st such summit. 8 years ago, but under donald trump, washington shifted focus to domestic rather than foreign policy. in the interim, china has been expanding its influence on the continent. it's invested in development projects and infrastructure and issued loans. russia to has been active on the diplomatic front and is unofficially involved in a number of military conflicts. the by during the ministration hopes, the summit will re kendall america's relationship with african countries. as mama june reports from johannesburg. when american president brock obama hosted african leaders at the 1st us africa summit in 2014, many believed it was a great chance for the united states to strength. miss trade ties with the

continent and reaffirm political commitments. but in the end, business opportunities turned mostly into a photo opportunity at a distribution warehouse in johannesburg for american own company, john deere, which manufacturers, among other things, agricultural equipment, team members are more hopeful about the 2nd summit is gonna allow dialogue around that opportunities. the benefits that i am currently that, that the companies talented delivering in africa. and also most importantly, highlight the challenges to our african leaders that our people on the ground, our customers, our farmers are currently facing the big question now. just how much can 3 days of meetings accomplish? according to the us state department, south africa is america's biggest trade partner on the continent, with goods worth $21000000000.00 exchange. last year. economists here optimistic about the potential of strengthening that relationship during the summit. they say

the market here is ready for more trade with the u. s. they all to warn the south africa, we'll have to tread carefully. that's due mostly to china and to a lesser degree, russia at a time of great geopolitical tensions between those countries and the united states as part of bricks. a grouping of the major, emerging economies of brazil, russia, india, china, and south africa. the south african government would not want to alienate either be jing or moscow as it seeks, even warmer ties with washington international relations professor gilbert katia gala says during this summit, china will most definitely be the elephant in the room. 10 hours met a lot of inroads in africa, particularly in infrastructure, and engaging with a lot of african countries. china is africa's largest 2 way trading partner in 2021 . that value of trade hit $254000000000.00. and while u. s. president, jo biden's administration is concerned about china's growing footprint in africa.

american officials continue to insist or african nations should not be forced to pick sides. united states will not dictate choices neutral any worse. the right to make these choices bolster, or a diplomatic tightrope to be sure. but one, the u. s. hopes can be navigated successful. mamma, jim drama 0. johannesburg or china has been the constant biggest trading partner for more than a decade. data from bay jing shows goods worth $254000000000.00 were exchanged with african countries last year. that's almost 4 times the value of us trade with the continent, which amounted to $65000000000.00 in 2021. according to the us census bureau, china is by far the biggest investor in africa, followed by the us, france, and take here. ah,

let's bring in august now and in london. only a catchy one to a cold mist at the new african magazine in washington, d. c. davidson, former us ambassador to ethiopia and the keenan, foster, and a professor at george washington university, and in beijing on a tank and senior fellow at the ty her institute, i'm founder of asia narratives. welcome all of you, david. a thought in washington, d. c. where that summit is going to be guessing underway shortly. what does the us want to achieve from this conference? when it wants to reassert entry africa, do and find ways for united states can collaborate more closely with africa to try and find ways to increase both foreign, direct investment and trade with africa to do some new things that have not been

done in the past. for example, on twitter or greater emphasis on the role of the african, the ask for or the ass for us in the united states. they are becoming very significant in domestic politics with some of their members being elected to various positions on the us government to engage in a discussion on cooperation in space, which is relatively new. ready for the united states to look at the whole question of i'm at change and what united. ready states can do there. well there's a wide variety of topics that the u. s. has in mind and a lot of it will be. busy dictated by the role of the private sector and united states, which is so critical, and the only trade in or indirect investment area on each of the cache is the $49.00 countries attending each of course will have its own wish lists. but

broadly speaking, to these topics, ring true with the leaders of african nations as well as that, what they're hoping to get from this summit. i think it's always been clear. part of the reason china is made in the afternoon. so interested infrastructure development, very interested in the kind of transformational change place in china and the last 5060 years. that's really the agenda that most of them are going to engage with what they have had in over the last 3040 years from the us. you know, generally sort of structural adjustment lectures on human rights and governors, very literal investment, emphasis kind of infrastructure that they've been asking for. and then also

a lot of focus on 911 on security or you know, basin and that, and defines again, sort of business, you know, fundamentalist groups, but not on that kind of development agenda. that's how that actually creates jobs, that transforms economy and actually create the conditions where young people are not be seduced by some of these radical forces. so that's, i think, what the africans once a year, they haven't been here in that very much from the us. i think the last. busy 2 years, and it's been very much and it's music that they've been hearing from china. so if you think that's what president bison is aware of this change of tone that is

needed at the summit, probably in terms of, of american investment africa, it's true that the nature of the investment is different than for example, china offers, which is primarily loans which have to be paid back for in construction projects in the united states by and large is out of a loan business. it's assistance is primarily in the form of branch. in the last year alone, that is 2022. united states offered $11000000000.00 in united carrying a to africa and founding some and all of that. ready brand a none of its known money in terms of foreign direct investment the united states has slipped in recent years. this is really well for the private sector to why. i think it would be a major push to try to increase the amount of foreign direct investment in africa.

nevertheless. busy total american direct investment stock in africa going back over the years. there's just about the same as china's foreign direct investment stock in africa in recent years, trying to has provided more flow to africa has the united states. but i think the main thing is, is the united states is looking at this as a u. s. africa connection. not what china is doing in africa and trying to combat it. that's not the purpose of this summer. i know david says the us is keen to stress at this summit is no so about competing with china in africa. but of course china paging will nonetheless be watching very closely to see what comes out of it. well hey, i think good david is making is his putting his best foot forward, but a he didn't answer your question,

which is does biden understand that he has switched tone? i mean he's, he's had the south american this summer of america's that, that did not go well. it was a bust busty at the same thing with us young that he didn't even bother to meet with the had to say from a travel to washington. ah, hopefully this will be handle better for 49. countries are coming to compare that with 52 countries were a members of the belt road initiative in africa. so, i mean, there's a, there's a lot of work here. i mean, way, david described it early on was, is, is, if africa had somewhat just come to the attention of us africa's been there for a long period of time. it's needs are very well known. i'm surprised that you know, it's food energy, debt relief, health issues. how does africa to belle, you know, how do you get the infrastructure to allow you know, these countries do that? it's fine to say a private sector will step in private sector is interested in making dollars.

nothing wrong with that. but they're not going to build bridges. and long term projects are interesting, shorter term, commercial opportunities. so africa is looking for one set of goals, and right now the u. s. doesn't really have an answer for that, nor does i, nor do i think that biden as the right tone with africa and the by that i mean just look recently. well, recently, a couple months ago when blinking was in south africa and say, i don't want you to have to choose well, 2 days earlier than the rental from the u. u. n. c, u s. investment un had been in the country saying we want you to choose, choose us over china. and blinking was roundly dressed down in a very few decatur or by a b minister of the south africa. so, i mean, you can pretend that these games are being played,

but in here we all know china is the elephant roman us is trying to contain trying to contain china. and that's the main thrust ok of this particular event. this year. david, i'll give you a chance to respond muscles. i just point out that of course, this summit is the 1st off, the 1st one that was ever held 8 years ago, and that is a dangerously long time, isn't it for the us to have taken it off the ball as the us put it felt of africa and during that time there have been many other countries who have been stepping in all too quickly to fill the gap that the u. s. has left i think that's a fair criticism. we shouldn't go 8 years. ready before having one of these so much on one of these gatherings, it's important to keep in mind that the, the american african, later somebody is a very different animal than for example, china's form on china,

africa cooperation which meets every 3 years. it's not intended to do the same thing. in fact, our systems of government are so different that it couldn't possibly. ready the same thing and as a result, so whatever the united states does is going to be far more dependent on the private sector. what the us does is also basically brand based, not loan based. so if you look at african debt today, almost none of that is due to to american loans. it's other countries that are involved in the dat issue the united states is trying to do. ready to alleviate that through the international financial institutions, but the u. s. is basically involved in grant programs. that's why i emphasize. ready $11000000000.00 just this year for monetary and assistance. no other country in the world, you've been approaches that kind of aid. ok,

i know we'll come back to 1st bonds just a moment. i'm aware that we have not heard from annette catchy for a while. i want to get an idea from you, and i can't say whether many african countries do feel that they have to choose between china and the u. s. well, i think that is that a, you know, in the context for your crane, there's been extraordinary pressure. you're not just with china, but also with russia now, and you know, that's fair enough. each, each country has its own interest in the way it has to rate you know, to achieve those interests. and so the u. s. has it said positions on these issues, but the africans also have their own and they don't necessarily show all the sort of interpretation of what's going on in that international route. i did want

to just pick up on some of the points that were, were made. i think, you know, very, there are opportunities for us to get this right now for me that they just opportunity. it was something that was a little earlier, which is increasingly there's now a very dynamic african diaspora, new african diaspora in the u. s. traditionally, a lot of the policies from the you know, sort of was factored through the prism of the old african, the, the historic desperate. now there's a new sort of complexity with connections on the ground to better able to argue for things that might work. and i think that's a huge opportunity i did with the old historical gasper. this could be

a game changer. it has. it is a factor that the chinese do not have, you know, over the last 2030 years, i've been astonished out of my day job is to work with an organization go to forward to american might use it for development. not been astonished at how little that has been amplified or harnessed all real productive outcomes. so the fact that it's been mentioned, this round, i think is good. it could be a game changer, but fundamental need to go back to your issue about choices. i just think that we are in a very different place globally and all of us have to work like a new bargain with each other. i know it's trying to limited and was it can offer africa limited to funding infrastructure projects,

providing money and providing infrastructure and trainees opening up new trade with if that makes sense of it's offering to the african continent. no, not at all. i mean, a, you're seeing in north africa and also in the middle east. china is trying to develop this. this belgian road initiative goes beyond simply a stablish ing routes for you know, 2 way trade. what it really does is tries to take a lot of the elements that were profitable in the past, and china, due to the labor dividend and push them further out, whether it's in set up or africa and south america. ah, china has an immense market, immense needs. and obviously as it's kind of mi, climbs up into, you know, higher into tertiary territory. ah, it's not going to happen to have the same bandages as it did when it started out 40

years ago. but i just wanted to report to david southpoint, and as in this year, china forgave a bunch of no interest loans because his countries in africa will not be able to pay him back. and i was literally double over $22000000000.00 worth of loans and things like that. so this idea that the u. s. the standing tall and taking care of africa, africa that had been the case. why hasn't it worked? you know, there is a denby, some lawyer, many years ago, wrote a book called that 8 and, and basically had a rough correlation that the amount of money that is given to african countries doesn't necessarily, and become more independent or to grow their g. d, p is higher. so you know, at this juncture, china is not beijing is not asking anybody to choose. and this goes back to your question about what this is china asked offer. china is trying to be inclusive.

they believe that a trade is necessary, that you're making nations stronger, especially those that it is involved with economically key creating stability, creating larger middle classes. larger markets is a rising tide that floats ships. so that, that's the approach that they have. this is what she's thinking is always talking about and which is often drill 5 for this idea that there should be a sheer future from a current type. one of the problems with the grants that you talk about the us offering is it does come with they do come with conditions don't they? they come with conditions of shipments at levels of human rights, sudden levels of democracy or governance. and this is often seen as quite patronized thing for a lot of african nations who would rather not have those conditions imposed on them . do you think the by them ministration recognizes that and is willing to move away from that terms of engagement? first, it's important to understand that you asked manner,

terry and aid does not. with conditions, it goes through all countries on the continents that are in need of it. we had huge amounts of going into sudan for example of your time that we had sanctions on down . so that's a huge exception. it is true that there is some conditionality involved with develop an assistance on the united states. sounds fairly significant development aid blowing into. ready africa also we often hear about china has no. ready conditionality attached to it said it's true, it does not have conditionality attached to human rights. ready issues are western style, democratization, but if you look at the economic lakes ties to chinese, a. ready there's conditionality you get a chinese loan, you must have hire a chinese. ready company for the purpose of alone for the construction project and use predominantly chinese materials. so there's

a lot of sort of looking aside making us comparison on conditionality. i would also add that on on the trade side, it's quite true that china has significantly more trade with africa. i'd say it's past the united states in 2009. ready ready as being trade partner, but most of that is chinese exports going to africa, leaving a trade deficit or africa us trade is. ready considerably smaller, but it is, it has a trade deficit with africa. so africa as the primary beneficiary. ready in terms of balance with trade, ok on i got you. i think we got time for one more points which i will give to you won't, does africa have to offer? why is it of such interest to global players? well, by the end of the century, and if we maintain the current trajectory africa we'll,

we'll have one in for the progress of the population of the well. so it's going to be a site for interest for markets. and it's what happens in africa will impact europe and everywhere else, if it goes wrong, it could, it could go very badly wrong for everybody else because right, it would be a huge market for everybody else as well. so i think as important, as i said, i think the key thing is for us, you know, we've talked about what's in the interest of the chinese, what's in the interest of the americans. i think we need to grow what's in the interest of africans and africa. has had a terrible honda for the last 400 years and that needs to be really replay, johnny, you know what my colleague in washington was talking about you know, the for the americans provide grants. yes. we understand that. we also understand

that some of the international lending agencies that are controlled by america. busy also the mom like the, i'm asking about the mind, the other kinds of competition which can benefit american private companies. and so all of this is part of what we need to look at. ok. all right. i'm sorry about that. we have run out of time. i do have to finish our discussion that but thank you very much for taking the time to join us on a catch one bu davidson, and i'm a 10 and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website. that's out there a dot com and provide discussion to go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter handlers at ha, inside story from me, laura kyle and the whole team here. it's bye for now. a

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after the acceleration and excitement of the call to find all the remaining people now fight for late in the final. as the competition intensified. what have been one of the most surprising woke up ever join us for action and analysis of the semi final product 2022 on all these. there are african narratives from african perspectives. it v as a new series of shoot documentaries, by african filmmakers from south africa and began their children. i important because that's where the future life i live. this place is very important because it's comics as to the past. the last speaker in studio of archives africa, direct on al jazeera, both journalism, the police violently. this person protest this, these are some of good tens of thousands of people trying to we called,

inspired to program making. welcome to generation change unrivalled broadcasting. white people did not want black children in their school. we have to fight for just it and see how jesse are english proud recipient of the new york festivals broadcaster of the year award for the 6 year running ah, explosions hit central parts of the ukrainian capital, as russian forces continued to destroy energy facilities. ah, hello there, i'm associate a and this is out of their life from their ha also coming up. wow. who expands it? state of emergency to deal with growing protests after former president pedro castillo was ousted and.