is irrefutable, but america's climate change deniers stubbornly mistrust the fact. despite soaring temperatures, raging wild fires and shrinking water reserves, the world's largest economy still split along ideological lines. so can it ever reach consensus to avoid catastrophe? climate wars on a jesse era? ah, pope benedict 60, the former head of the roman catholic church has died at the age of 95. ah, mccloud. this is out there a life window also coming up. palestinians, welcome a vote by the un general assembly to launch

a legal inquiry into israel's occupation. the world how vocalization pushing china to be more transparent about his career of ours. ha ha. and where rigging, in the new year, new zealand biggest city welcoming 2023. my works with the former polk validate the 16th has died at the age of 95. he was regarded as a strict traditionalist within the catholic church. he resigned in 2013, after suffering ill health, becoming the 1st pontiff to step down in 600 years. on wednesday the church said his condition had suddenly worsens. which is the scene bath consent to peter square,

where crowds are expected to gather his dagon tom. the vatican says his body will be taken to the basilica there where it will line state from monday. po brennan has this report. benedict, the 16th final actors. pope arguably changed the catholic church more than anything else he achieved during his entire atm papacy. on february 28th 2013 benedict became the 1st pope in nearly 600 years to resign. and with his departure flight over the rooftops of rome he officially left behind the vatican the enclave. where he'd held key leadership positions for decades. the official reason for the than 85 year old decision was frail health. the vatican stress benedict didn't suffer from any specific illness, but even by 2011, his physical deterioration was obvious. and he had to use a wheel platform to make his way down the long aisle of st. peter's basilica. in his little dreamy susan dieter, in these last months i felt my energies declining,

and her boss got insistently in prayer to grant me his light. and to help me make the right decision for not loving the church means also having the courage to make difficult and painful decisions always look into the good of the church and not of oneself. benedict was elected pope in 2005, his reputation as a hard liner, earned him to sobriquet gods rottweiler. he was a traditionalist with strict views on catholic doctrine, but his was a troubled papacy. benedict certainly made numerous efforts to tackle the global problem of child sex abuse by catholic clergy. but he was also criticized for his own past failures and inadequate handling of abuse cases. and in 2012 documents leaked by his butler in the vatike scandal, revealed a paypal administration, riddled with factional power struggles and financial mismanagement. i was a place called place, knows a very different feeling,

a very different dynamic. in the 20131. it was as if and is it the 16th by, by retiring, by, standing down simply handed over a job. you know, that was, that was that needed to be done straight away. he handed over as it were, an inbox, you know, that was very clear. and so the cardinals were able to say, right, this is what needs doing, who is the best person to do the job? the full reasons for benedict's resignation may never be known, but the message of reform that it seemed to cent is credited with profoundly influencing the cardinal's choice of pope frances as benedict successor. or let's take this on, we can speak now to andrea my money. he's a historian at sapiens at university of rome, joins us now from a roman, because richey festival. sir, but the protocol of what's going to happen hip, you, the pope's normally typically die in office. and so then the process of electing a successor gets underway. but that's obviously not going to happen here because pope francis is already in place. you know, of course,

i mean these are very strange situation that are pending really before. busy especially in this new global global war. so i mean, it will be out tomorrow and then things will carry on the normal in the church. it has been pending since the current poll francis has been elected. so this is a very different situation than in the would be no election. so of course, i suppose in the sense that that is very possible that funeral could be presided over by pope frances. yes, exactly, exactly what it is, a very strange situation. i mean, i think that that would be lots of people anyway. even if, even if writing was not the most popular, let's say paul, we the church, she's in the one of the room. i mean, one of the reasons that, you know, there has been also the change that had was like, you know,

the popularity of the church. she need to remove just the need to what's going really down mostly in terms of, you know, really just to meet them coming to rome and was abroad when ross thing was that was bad for the reasons that, you know, you have just said in the previous to do and in that. so i mean this, this is also something that people have to take in mind, but the funeral between be, you know, there will be lots of people. that's pretty, pretty sure. yes to be an important occasion. better going to very scholastic, was more of thinker, a philosopher perhaps more so than a real leader would you say probably was a lead that was a leader for out or, or some section of the church for everyone. the is our coach was completely different than friends to the core of the, the current, the current pop. i mean,

did it, for, i think it was one of the recent loc, complete lack of popularity. i mean, i'm not saying that he was not a good call, probably not the same end, but the that the trends is ours. so i was, is truly, was more, i think more, i'm going to write the many ways. but so, so was so many concern. many issues, it was not really close to the people. the default that now i've been doing seems, seems, is election. so we are talking about 2 to very different people to the better the for an approaches. aside off the ideological side on the, on the church from the actual faith. and what about benedict legacy? be pretty mixed. i guess. especially given his perceived handling of the abuse scandal within the catholic church. i think i fully agree. i think that it will be very, i mean probably will not be remember of,

of one of the most popular bulbs in the country in the serial policy. certainly, because as you said, i mean the oldest can vote. and because of eating this, i mean he was unable to deal with that and why he while empowering tribe, but then old, the past can dose research phase or so phase. and so i mean that was clearly something wrong with the bullying that the church was being all of the sexual abuse this song and of the financial scandals. i think that, you know, the uses were the most. ready the real and certainly having been someone friend to very completely different approach very close to that be, you know, retrieve the lots of privileges. i mean,

it says off side, the level of being less concerned but made the really huge change because many, many believers felt that these pope was closer to them was taking care of that much more then sort of thinker was you know, leaving, you know, sort of more ups, truck war but many, many, many concern but and right, we good political. ready close to the church day. certainly low rats, single, more friends. i mean, nice a bye bye. that's far rise. for example, approach on ration. yes. very, very different approaches between the 2 men. i wonder what their relationship was like behind close to i think that they had a pretty, pretty good relationship because they were 2 men of the church and because probably

ross and get some influence on the election of that go. so i don't think that there were any, any, any, any real trop. ready plus, so i do believe that trusts and get once he stepped aside, he was not really bogged. he may need let's say be on the scene. move again. fred says, there were other ranges in the church like, you know, very concerned about the f. b shops or kind of the know like you are the american or others were up to be against or are actually against friends is so i think that between the 2 that were no real issues. ok. this one very quick question. briefly, if you would pay francis himself. interesting to think about what's gonna happen next was francis said that he would like to see the resignation of becoming

normalized. do you think this opens a way to him now residing the piece possible, but you know, i wouldn't that you know, it's very odd. it's very possible in the sense that, you know, friends who say having a very different approach on the church issues or practical issues like this was, he's not leaving him there. you show apartments and many other seems possible, but i wouldn't say that the use. sure. alright. we'll leave it there. thank you very much. that's under my money, a historian, it's up in the university of rome. thank you so much. and indeed, that we're hearing that pipe, francis wilson brake, the funeral for his predecessor on 1st they in st. peter's square pitches, which we're looking at right now, expected crowds to develop as the day goes on. tribute to

a benedict coming from all over the world of german chancellor love. schultz says that the world has lost a formative figure of the catholic church. julia maloney, italy's prime minister remembered benefit to the giants of faith and reason. and the french president, mental macro held benedict for his work towards a more brotherly world. and britain's prime minister was she sudak said he is saddened by the death of a great theologian now the palestinian authority has welcome to vote at the united nations asking for the opinion of the international court of justice on israel's occupation view and wants to understand what effect decades of violence is hide on the palestinian people's right to self determination. kristen salumi as the details. the u. n. is asking the international court of justice to issue an advisory opinion on what it refers to as

israel's prolonged occupation settlement and annexation of palestinian territory. the general assembly made the request in a resolution citing generations of palestinians living under oppressive military occupation. and without some basic human rights. now israel says that this referral, i shows contempt for their security concerns. they were opposed to the referral, the i c. j opinion in this case is expected to take about 2 years and isn't technically legally binding back in 2004 the i c. j judged that israel's construction of a wall in the west bank and east jerusalem was against international law. allowed 0 senior political analyst mom bushera has more the seniors are trying to do something because of the or sitting situation in palestine. and generally,

it's easier for them apparently to with some sort of a support in the general assembly in order to confront is right in the international arena. they've done that before. we know that our dozens of you in general assembly is usually either condemning or purchase sizing and so forth is around with of course none of them have been implemented. we do have that 2004 international court of justice decision based on again a vote in the general assembly for them to to give that opinion that they did. and they talked about the implementation of the geneva convention directories and the legality of the war of the war are paid, war and so and so forth. but unfortunately, these are when, but they're not victories. kind of our symbolic wins for the palestinians, the united nations because and then they,

these are resolutions by the court or by the judge. some are not implemented on the ground, they really remain just virtual. the world health organization has a china to share more information on it surgeon cobra. 1900 cases is all for real time data and details of new potential new variance. the move comes a bid, growing concerned about the transparency of aging. the official figures, w h show has offered to provide practical support to china. that's seen a dramatic rise in infections since it rolled back at 0 k. with policy you can in france have joined a growing list of countries that will impose cobra. 1900 checks on people arriving from china, united states, japan, india, and italy. a previously announced compulsory testing, the chinese government is denouncing new rules as discriminatory. the wave of caveat cases appears to be overwhelming chinese hospitals and funeral homes, but the official number and current of our test being reported remains low. early

this month, health authorities across china change criteria for recording ignited fatalities, or to some of the 31st smart 3 years, trying to notify the w h. i about the outbreak, a credit of virus and the city of many epidemiologists traced its origin back to the cities food market, which remains closed and under strict surveillance, since any, more than 660000000 infections have been reported around the globe. right now, chinese president, she's paying is delivering his new year's speech to the nation. he's been speaking about the government's response to cobra 19. let's cross to hong kong for louis standing by for certain products you've been listening in. what did even say well, she just being talked about how 2022 was an unprecedented year, but he also mentioned that china has beaten an unprecedented challenge. and he said

the academic control had reached a new stage. the measures that the government had taken in 2022 were optimized and adjusted. he talked about the economy and said it's resilient. he said the long term fundamentals remain unchanged. there was no mention of quantitative measures that would be needed to do the economy, something that we had seen, other countries do when the pandemic was raging. he also talked about how he also talks about how china is so big that different people will have different demands and they will have different views when coming about the same thing. i think that's he talking about how they have been different reactions to the government measures on pover 19. now it's difficult to see how his remarks are going to be well received in china. he talk when he mentioned that the administration that beat in an unprecedented challenge, i think many people in china will take this very differently at the moment. we know

that there is a search in cold cases in china, the hospitals are overwhelmed. there is a shortage in beds in medicine. medical staff are saying that they have to report into work even when they're not feeling well. and i think that, you know, his, his remarks show that there is a certain level of disconnect between the administration and what the chinese people are experiencing. now, people have to take into social media to criticize a chinese government policy. one media that had collected stories from 2022 stories that particularly touched chinese people. and many of these stories touched on the difficulty that people had experience in dealing with over 19. now that post was taken down by noon on saturday, an indication of just how sensitive this topic still is in china. right? so, hong kong where you are, has removed nearly all the requirements. tell us about the mood or the mood here is really quite celebrate

a ready fuse as if hong kong is returning to normal. now, chinese and new year's eve isn't traditionally celebrated in chinese society. but in hong kong, it's a big international financial center. it's a very cost policy and city for new years. eve is done in a very large and very large style in hong kong. there are large parties that go and so past midnight, people read boats and they go into hava to watch the firewall. you know, people gather in huge numbers, police have already started coordinating of roads and even here you see the k to kind of it's a part of crowd management. and these are, this is also the 1st time that's near the celebration is held in about 3 years where the normal social distance measures, which means restaurants and ball can be filled to capacity. and that's what we're going to see now. it's still a little bit quiet now because it's still fairly early and people are having dinner . but this place is going to be packed in the next couple of hours because it's the prime spot to watch fire. what's the only tell tale sign that remains that this is still a society that's wary of cobra. 1900 is the face loss which i filled. mandatory and

public faces even when the outdoor faces. when i 1st got the spot for them, thanks very much. they venezuela, an opposition figure one guido has condemned a decision to dissolve his interim government, calling it a leap into the void. nearly 50 countries recognize quite legitimate leader of disputed elections 4 years ago for opposition. policy says say that he's a failed to alex the president because missouri was under him. cathy reports now from the guitar in neighboring columbia naval dog in enough and contentious debate to tear to venice, whereas opposition lawmakers voted to end the entering government of one way door. the man that's more than 3 years is tried and failed to house breton and nicholas my daughter. one way though i have declared himself the legitimate president of venezuela after calling my daughter's 2018 reelection, sham and me, liked protests against the government. the united states and dozens of other

western nations backed them and issued sanctions against my daughter's government, and remains firmly empowered despite the worsening economic, political, and humanitarian crisis and the country in a last call to save the institution and thursday. why don't propose to maintain the entering governments calling on the national assembly to instead of point the new president? i think it's a cold, common sense. let's defend institution, ality the constitution and unity above names or personal interests. the 3 other political parties move done with their decision to end the parallel government. some lawmakers voiced their opposition, fearing a could put the countries flooring economic assets chief among them. us based oil refinery. cisco currently controlled by their intern government back into my daughter's hand. a boy, this is shameful. i cannot understand how we are committing the suicide. the end of

the way, those governments queen sides with a slight improvement in venezuela's economy and a new geopolitical situation that is strength of position. and the by then administration is considering an evening of sanctions in exchange for 3 presidential elections in 2024, which are being negotiated in mexico. more than that in a way it's returned to reality. the opposition is admitting madura effectively who holds power and now they will have to find a different democratic solution to get them out of power. while friday's vote, once again revealed the divisions affecting venezuela's opposition, it was likely time for a change of strategy. now the opposition will focus on finding a unifying candidate for the 2024 presidential election. so hoping that the venezuela economic bows and the negotiations in mexico will push my daughter to allow for free and fair conditions for them. i listen that i'm the,

i just see it with the delivery in case god says it's in to set the ship carrying at least 700 migrants. it is one of the largest interceptions in recent months vessel was reportedly stopped on friday. their tongue west have been ghazi, as it was, make his way to europe. migrants is said to come from several countries, and authorities say those who entered libya illegally were behind to david to their home states. refugees who fled the conflict in ethiopia to grow regions, say that word about returning home. that is despite a peace deal between the federal government and the to grow people's liberation front here. but morgan reports now from a camp for the refugees in neighboring, sued on these camps in east them. sudan are the result of the conflict in neighboring if you're p as no venti grad each, and more than $60000.00 refugees have cross the border since the war between in europe. yes. federal government and the rebel guy, people's liberation front. left started in late 202900. that died. her

mother and 2 children were among the 1st to escape the conflict 2 years ago. but with a deal signed in november, she hopes things back home will improve so that she and her family can return. and i did my lady, my husband cross the border with us to sit down and then he returned back to who married to grade. he said he preferred being there, even if it meant his dis. he's been there since i was born in homeric integrate and i was raised. i love my country and i want to go back and leave that with my children. the deal find between the t p left and the philippine government calls for a cease fire and the disarmament of a t p l. f. federal forces will control the regents, airports and other major facilities. the agreement also waves the way for 8 to reach the grey way to years of blockade has created a humanitarian crisis. while there may now be peace in figure, i at least on paper refugees,

he se returning to their home is not easy. many lost all they had when they fled to sudan. others thee, the situation in figure i after the deal assigned has not been encouraging highly get his gear, also fled to sudan at the thought of the conflict. he sets up a shop here in america, but camp he and rights groups accused retrain, forces that fought alongside the philippine government of committing atrocities. the deal does not mention them, but highlights as certain conditions must be in place for him and his family to return home. the great day reconciling you can best aretha you can bellowed remish the idiots and forces should leave to grace for there to be real peace. but as long as they are there, they will be no peace or can they stay? is not their country and cunning. the killing people, if stolen properties, they raped women. as long as they're there, we cannot go back and there won't be peace. the war has left to millions in desperate need of humanitarian assistance and thousands facing famine. since the

deal was signed, some 8 has started trickling in, but many are still in need. refugees like get his get say going back won't be easy . i know. kind of my sharon now who if we go back to to gray, what will we eat? what will we drink? what will be where everything has been destroyed, farmlands, have been burnt. even those inside have no food. if international aid can come in, then maybe we can go back home. when there is telecommunication functioning banks, we need all of that. the war integrate has left an impact beyond just the region, those inside a few. pia hope that the coming months bring stability. but those in refugee camps outside the country say they'll wait to see if the deal holds and things improve before they can return home. he will morgan august era golardo if eastern sudan so now 2023 is here for some the past 12 months have delivered a series of dramatic and often distressing stories from around the world. as ever,

al jazeera reporters have been right there on the ground. here to look back at some of the big events of 2022. ah, she was the longest serving moment can british history. and with it came a sense a state funeral like no other. tell the nation the period of national moving that is witnessed by the end of the 2nd elizabeth age and the birth of a new era. monica felicia has been moved ever since the links agreement was signed with liter sides making tutorial gains or losses. while this war continues to arouse condemnation of the russian invasion of the world stage here in ukraine, each death locally seems only to strengthen the result in the fight. with

strike save the rising cost of living in france. but this one is by far, not just with workers from across the public sector. tens of thousands of belgian stake to the straits, unable to cope with dramatic price hikes. of course, it's not just holiday present. instead of gotten more expensive, it's things like the rent and mortgage rate. a response the bank of england's raised interest rates, the cost of borrowing to their highest to more than a decade. ambulance workers have joined the long list of public sector strikes, driven to industrial action. we can see low phase, the face of a living price. i want to get a full apology. and i want you to know how sad i am giving you the best job in the world. ah, i am a fighter, a no. i'm resigning leader. lincoln 70. now as he sweeps

into down the street for the 1st time with prime minister, it's time to set out his agenda. i will place economic stability and competence. at the heart of this government's agenda, miss cruz got one of the highest rates of journalist murders in the world for just sings coaster. in this chart, between journalists here, the tension and that with me, numbered find enormous galaxies locked in a cosmic dance. this is one of the spectacular images taken by the web space telescope. they designed this experiment so that the fusion fuel stayed hot enough dense enough and round enough for long enough that it ignited

a clean energy source that could revolutionize the world. ah ah with ah, so this is al jazeera, these are the top stories. the former pope benedict the 65th, died at the age of $95.00. he stepped down and 2013 after struggling with ill health becoming the 1st.