and the transfer of power to a non partisan caretaker administration before the next general election. when we charged re, i'll just say to dr. a full, the iranian defense ministry official has been sentenced to death on charges of spying. for the united kingdom ali raised the body was arrested in 2019 and accused of spying to m. i 6, which he denied the case as the radio authorities to release him. the results from the dean's election suggest the opposition will return to parliament for the 1st time in full years. the democrat when 28 seats out of the 109 member assembly, it was bought from running in the last election in 2019. but the party won a court order in november allowing its members to stand in sundays pole. the gyptian pound is plunged to a new record low against the us dollar. one year ago it was worth around $15.00 to $1.00. now it's d value to 321. this fresh bout of volatility comes 2 months after kyra agreed to a $3000000000.00 rescue lane from the international monetary fund. analysts say

this may be a sign that cairo is shifting towards a flexible exchange rate mechanism backed by the i m s r g there. lisa robin, the reminder of our top news stories, human rights watches, believe it's 2023. recall looking at the conditions of human rights in more than 100 countries, it says authoritarianism across the world is leading to a degradation of the human condition for the roberts is deputy asia direct to add human rights watch. then we look at what's happening in afghanistan for women and girls, and we look at what's happened, obviously in ukraine with the russian invasion the situation across the world. unfortunately, it has gotten worse, but we're also saying is, is the responsibility of many other governments, the not the additional government that cared about human rights from european union

north america. but governments from latin america, from africa for middle east, other places to. busy also step up and do something about human rights to recognize that they have an important role in promoting human rights and protecting human rights and not leave it to others. russian forces led by mess me from the wagner group say that they've gained control of the eastern ukrainian town of solid. our chief denies the claim. fighting in the area has intensified in the past few days. flights of resumed in the united states after a technical glitch grunted thousands of planes hours. the problem is being blamed on a computer outage of the federal aviation administration. us secretary of state and city blinking and us defense secretary lloyd austin had signed new agreements with a japanese counterparts to expand military ties. we also discussed the growing threat from china and bishan in the region. i saw has claimed responsibility for suicide explosion that killed at least 21 people in the african capital. the blast happened near the foreign ministry in cobble hundreds of buildings,

a crumbling and sinking in the indian. himalayan town of jones fema is being blamed on non stop construction in the area and a changing environment. the town is close to a number of important will just sites and attracts thousands of the pills every year. those are the headlines and we'll have more knees and half, not with the but next on our era. it's generation change to stay with us. lou harmful pathogens are increasingly affecting our lives with terrible consequences. a new documentary asks whether we've learned any lessons in the h. i. v. epidemic in the fight against coven 19 o. we ignore the global. so to put profits before people, it won't cost me time of products on august. i think of history of activism

is rooted in the struggle against the fighting. now the born feed generation believe it is there time to fight for a more equal and justice society. welcome to generation change a global theories and attempts to challenge and understand the ideas and mobilize you around for world. i'm i and charlie, an independent journalist based here in johanna. in this episode, we need to women who are working towards radical change to address challenges as very gender based violence, cloth and racial inequality and climate change thing . mm. keep them if they all point are to $94.00 at the end of

it. what do you think people don't know about the role of women in the struggle against upon it? i really think the way in which history is told it serves a purpose, right? which is also to reinforce, you know, a male dominated a presence and power structure, right? this, this reinforcement of these motives right? these men who come and save as vulnerable group of which is inherently wrong and false women were organizing churches talk, fails, trade, union, women, when literally carrying the country on the backs and shoulder. how ill a history continues to omit that, and i think what it does is that it continues to further alienate women and their contributions they're making society with the political, social, even economic ah,

we here at constitution, helen, johannesburg, and particularly in the structure we are at the women's jail. why was this a significant space for you? when i think about the, the caliber of women that were incarcerated in this place, you know, it literally just brings me in, or it's the persistence of women writing themselves in, into history. even in the absence, right? and for me as a young feminist, as a young actor was, that has been really pinnacle in crowned in my own activism. as the new generation of the woke generation, we must never ever get tired of developing new resistance strategies. i mean, if these women were able to organize themselves, i know probably one of the most difficult conditions. i see no reason why we're unable to achieve, you know, the idea of building the biggest feminist global movement. you are now 20 think women activists since he was saint lou. what was the sort of

compelling factor that made you think, you know, i want to be an activist. there was a case by the girl by the name of i mean poisons and western cape. she was vacancy to kill entry. i was like, oh my gosh, i'm 17. she's 17. she got killed on the night out and i was thinking about all the times. i like to jump again or to go out with my friends, what would happen to you happened to meet those just so much uniqueness and similarity almost to take laid say no, i'm the, you know, the chin, founder of the black woman quote with . 2 tangible solution. what ultimately black woman caucus seeks to do is to really create society for your wives. we don't want to live this violence, prevent society all the time. we want to be comfortable. i mean, i'm things like i want to be able to walk down this piece of johannesburg and not worry about and my next

year 17. and you've already been an activist for a few years now. how did you start and what was it that made you, scott? so it all started in 2018 when we were taught to do some research on climate change . i grew a lot of cabins. i t t more these facts about how we have limited time and watching my future fade away as the health of our environmental kinds and what it ignited my activism was the since i a t t. do everything in my power to create a change what i mean, some people will say that you know what? this stuff is. will people who can afford to have 5 different bins and recycled buds? you know, you spoke into the fact that it does affect people who, you know, live in the townships, 4 people. the 1st time i came to realize the seriousness behind environmental

racism. when i spoke to a friend of mine, who said when she was very young, she had to live with her grandmother was stating to wait till we say they, she develop breathing difficulties. and of years later, when she moved back to the server, everything was fine. and that's when she made the link bad because the air quality in the little was so terrible that she be, will pass on that. and you can make that link with a pulsate, how the opposing government basically dumped that people in one area and in another area and cutting and gave why people that land that belong to those citizens that they just have areas. and even though we live in a place to point to south africa, that neglect is still carried out

what has been rewarding and that you would consider, you know, big or small in achievement that you've been able to kind of get to with your work so far i think wanted to win that make a big impact in my life is when someone will come to me personally and say thank you for teaching me this. i've learned and now i know better. and now i can do better. i think the biggest achievement. so just bringing up appreciate a lot of activists around the world that has that and his mind. so being able to stand up in front of college and speak your mind as well as the privilege of bigotry women. when you, once again year people listening, you hear the responding, you come on articles, theory, you're 17 and get him into your 26. i'm wondering for both of you what you feel be

defining values and elements of each of your respective generations. activism. ok, so firstly i belong to the 1st cohort of the born fees, you know, the generation that was born after democracy in south africa. and i think for a large, you know, to a large extent, our activism is really centered in crowded around, holding our democratic government to counter for ride, hoping for a significant change in the living conditions of use and just a population more broadly. so we do borrow a lot from the anti party struggle in terms of the music, the songs of kind of the struggle songs that you thing and also some of the organizing and mobilizing strategies. you know, we're really still focus in terms of mass space movement, bullying. and this is quite evident with the feasible full student poses across 26 institutions of higher learning, which saw university students demanding for free the colonized higher education.

but of course, you know, the success of moments such a season before launch the attributed to digital and online activism and how that has also helped us in terms of shaping our own narrative, syria, you know, something about that, but what would you like to add? yeah, kinsey, we grew up in the age of technology, the world of social media, and that came with a lot of benefits in terms of with mobilizing people internationally. and especially now during a pandemic. what social media is also brought is lots of inclusivity because you moving away from just that mainstream media narrative and embracing a diverse range of narratives and you getting to include so much more within your activism. so i think the $270.00 that social media has brought has been a key and defining factor with gmc, so after the most recent use led to mass movement towards fisma fall,

which as you mentioned earlier, was the fight to, you know, gain wide access for free and d, colonized tissue education. what do you think it was about that movement? get him into that made it resonate so widely with our generation. i think a big part of fisma for beyond issues of x is, was really holding government accountable to say, to what extent are you prepared to sacrifice an upcoming generation of young leaders and activists? purely on the basis of keeping or be deliberate about keeping it commodified as a capital, as a racist system that continues to marginalize and exclude lex shoot. and specifically from institutions of higher learning. there are you about 12 or 13 when this was unfolding on the news media? what did it mean for you on a personal level to see young people really, you know, rise up on such a mass scale and really,

really inspiring and is watching history unfold. red before my eyes, and while i didn't understand how the, how complex the issue was back there, and i understood the surface level of it. but diving into activism, the fees must, will activist. so one of the most inspiring activists that i look up to give you permission to be angry as well. yes. 100 percent. and like i said before, that anger just ignited passion to stand up and fight me. do miss your, as you should say, you the found a, in fact of the black women's caucus, which among the many mandates you have, is looking into eradicating to the base violence. can you talk to me about the myriad of violence? is that for african women right now, facing? i mean, when you speak about in the base violence, of course, you know, the most needed understandings around sexual and physical forms of violence. you know, and this is, and this makes sense. i mean south africa as seen as a raise capital globally, not privy. take to have. and by the way,

our famous side rate is 5 times higher than the global average. right. and so understanding around in the business and famous that has really been within the conceptual framework. however, as black women coke of we're saying that is to serve as well as to reduce gender based violence and fame aside to only physical and sexual forms of violence. you know, political violence, mama, violence, environmental violence, social violence, all violence is that country peach, the vulnerabilities of women. and it's important that when we find solutions and we propose solutions that they must be multi problems and they must be cross sexual so that they're able to address the sources of violence. so can you give me an example of what that work looks like, or how you bring these solutions to the public? of course, a lot of the stats and research than in south africa around in the base islands has attributed to a women's economic participation as

a massive driver of vulnerability to gender based violence and sam aside. so in 2019, on the 13th of september, when we march to the richest square mile in africa, incentives demanding greater participation from private states in terms of, you know, their response to agenda based islands were ultimately saying, you need to also be able to you need to be held accountable for women's economic viability because largely when you think about great been famous, i will always think about it within the confines. ready of the hope, right? but the moment we made it a business issue in economic issue, we're ultimately saying that the continuous subjugation and violation of women, number one cost the south african economy between 20 and 40000000000 rand annually . right. and that also means that part of our activity, part about mobilization and advocacy requires us to make structural changes. sarah, it looks like you had something and you know,

100 percent. it need systemic change. if you just being change on. one says this that's of is, is widespread, and in order for structural change to take place and the most effective change take place that needs to be systemic, it needs to be institutionalized. so all the way, addressing every level of the problem. yes. 100 percent fair. i you started climate gloria's, and you're a part of the collective movement. me what collective movement is and what work you do with them. so the collective agreement is a youth lead into sectional time and group. and we aim to achieve crime, a justice through social justice and vice versa. so it's a group of young activists and recently i work has all been on social media and online because it had demick. so this year we working on climate change through pad an african context. so interviewing or having discussions with activists from uganda and kenya,

and just broadening our perspective on the climate change and how the policy making takes place in different areas around the world and different challenges and coming up with solutions. and then also spreading awareness and advocating and pushing forward the climate just as chartered movement to educate as many people on the climate change issue and exposing the intersectionality needed and bringing about inclusive between within the time and justice movement. why do you think specifically in the south african context that climate justice has taken a backseat to other issues such as, you know, the ones that keep committee and i was talking about. so i think in the past, obviously if you're looking at a pre democratic south africa where people are fighting again, so politics, redeem and fighting for liberation. come a change, understandably so is going to take a backseat. when you fighting to be free in your own country. but if you're looking at a post apologies africa when we living in a democracy, i think there's

a huge sense of apathy from those impala that firstly, the people empower putting profit before the people we living in. we stuck in this capitalist mindset. another issue is the climate literacy rates in south africa, extremely low, and that comes down to an educational issue. so apathy and the lack of climate literacy course. what do you think of the intersection between climate justice and the kinds of justice that you know, your work drives really interesting. hey, i really like the fact that you know, bridging climate, justice and social justice. and i think for large, you know, for a long time we've thought about climate just as a stand alone kind of struggle. you know, it's like sitting in the corner and nobody really wants to deal with it. but what has been very important and has been quite a big eye opener for me myself as a, as

a feminist, is the work has been doing informal settlements. and how, when you spoke about literacy, environmental literacy. how, you know, we still struggling to make the connections at community they will between the environment and social justice claim example, one of the communities that the word came is called a parking formal settlement for water and sanitation breakdown in infrastructure. and just listening to you. i can already see, you know, how climate justice fits into that, right? but i do believe that to a large extent of the climate, justice movement has positioned itself as quite a white lead to movement, right? it has struggled to deal with the very concrete conditions that an ordinary person in south africa facing. but i think in a country like south africa, we need to be able to who's in ground of ideology and advocacy in the lived experiences of people on a day to day basis. still,

what do you say to this climate change for the longest time? it has seemed like a very, a privileged issue. if i'm struggling to put food on my plate, why should i care about the quantity? why should i care about a little on the beach? and i think that comes down to the needful climate, conscious media and was kind of conscious media inclusivity. so looking at climate change across the world. and also understanding that solutions that may work in the west on going to work in africa for various reasons. we have different economies, different policies, different governments, different histories, it just would fit. and i think was very vital when looking at climate justice and trying to change is looking at it through an intersection of native. so instead of separating environmental factors and the social factors, bridging them together could common justice and social justice intensity linked

together to bring about positive change by testing one. that solution is going to affect the other in either a positive or negative way, depending on what the solution is. so if you're looking at time to change geographically, climate change is going to disproportionately affect poorer black communities. so within your activism, you need to take within climate activism, you need to take into account classism, racism, sexism, homophobia. for example, if the natural disaster were to strike those communities would be most vulnerable. and if you look at the way society treats those communities now imagine how much was it's going to be when aid due to natural disaster is needed and needs to be brought to those communities. so advocating for human rights, you can pick and choose no form of oppression exists and isolation. i wonder what you both think, you know, the possibility of achieving your ideas and what

a just world looks like. what do you think the implications of to deliver the has on the word that you do? give me the what i'm picking up and said capitalism, inheritance lee, you know, glorifies the individual, its limitations. however in activism that exorcism is not a one man show. greg and unfortunately, capitalism has created and is continues to co opt civic action and civic and civic interventions and presents them as one man shows. right. we have the model that comes out, you know, this, you know, the intended sensation that comes out and is going to save the world. you know, i think what that does is that breaks down organic movement building strategies, right? i don't think we have any strong tangible movements that are being, you know, that are being nurtured, but instead what we're seeing with the individual acts of as rising and listen,

i'm not saying it's a bad thing to have the popstars of a movement image. they're important, they keep the movement fun and dynamic, but i do think it's important that we lose our activism in communities because he's alternative realities every once. you know, the antique capitalist reality, that we want the simplest into sectional reality that we want is not going to be fostered by an individual. it needs an active, you know, it needs to be from a collective in order to drive that mandate. and i think this is some of the critiques of capitalism infiltrating cervical activist work, you know, 100 percent community community based change is the most sustainable and effective change in the long. and if you're looking at capitalism in a capitalistic world, the most ideal position you can be in right now is to be a white man. and that breaks down so much, it breaks down the feminist movement and breaks down any movement laid by limit.

capitalism breeds the system of inequality. of course, it's always going to be if i'm winning someone else's losing. and like you said, it's a very individual, a glory, 5 individual work. and that is extremely problematic. it's also very problematic to have one face represent a home and because it excludes people that don't match that face that don't match the demographic. so yeah, definitely not carbon capitalism is the main cause to climate crisis. sorry. can i just add onto that? you know, i mean, i'm reflecting, reflecting such an important aspect of growing and as active as we should never stop reflecting. and when i think about the 2 parties movement, firstly, i know for a fact that many people who participated in those movements in the forms of resistance were not participating because they were individuals that they were

idolizing. it's because they felt a strong sense of, you know, personhood, i mean the issues affecting me directly. therefore i need to actively participate in finding the solutions. and i think you know, the idea of the glorifying of the individual grubs as of it. and i think our communities of, of the, to hold is grounded to hold us accountable, and to make sure that we are working and living within the ideals of the, of the movements that we represent. well, i guess in closing, i'm curious if he, if it's not clear so far what you both hope to achieve and if you feel optimistic about, you know, being able to actually use those things, keep them at the i will, perpetual optimist. firstly as a disclaimer. so i definitely do think things will get better. i do think that, you know, we need to intensify our demands and struggles,

but also change on size of, of oppression and fighting. right. i think so many times you know, what activism and how we traditionally, you know, activism to be said, we take to the streets right to get our messages across. and although that is important, we also need to see some radical advancement and transformation in the policy in covenant cia's right. so as black women caucus, you know, at the heart of the solutions that we propose as a social movement, is the realization and strengthening of feminist movements, which are going to foster feminist leadership. we need to see an emergence of new radical feminist leaders. really shaping the world to where we want to take. good. right. and honestly be good. we've got the right energies. we've got the minds. we've got the hearts and ms. stewart for, oh i, like i said earlier, i have climate anxiety. and the only thing i can thing on to that covenant id is optimism towards the future. it drives me to constantly wake up and make the

decision that this is what i'd like to change. and this is where, you know, that could be the change you want to see an advocate for the change that you'd like to see. so i think a main goal is to just get the same urgency that we're carrying today with sending that to the hearts of our government and our leadership to demand a climate emergency and to attack all of the social issues that we've unpacked today. because once again, social justice is climate justice and vice versa. so yeah, i think unification needs to do it. case like today, between the dick generations and just, you know, keep the energy, don't let it die. i feel going up with social media. you see activism turns into a trend and it reads a lot of performance of activism and every year and every month there's a new hash tag and something use trending and, and serve treating activism and social issues as a trade make it. keeping that advocacy along constant action that moves within your

heart, sarah gets with thank you so much for joining me and generation a new generation of young people and making demands to we balance society. welcome to generational tains, a global series attempt to understand and challenge the ideas that mobilize youth around the world in london to activate tackling the root causes of youth violence. many young people that perpetuate violence against other young people themselves have also been victim multiple times. my generation can try me design and we shape this generation change on al jazeera. when the news breaks, it's designed to represent a better win has now become a place to welcome funds from around the world when people need to be heard. and

the story told this area of size will, will be an island within a 100 years, with exclusive interviews and in depth reports here in germany is largest report shows how to come to our 0 has teams on the ground to bring you more award winning documentaries, and lives informed opinions far right extreme is there is real and need to be tackled as soon as possible. frank assessments, there was a job about you from government. got it. it's not in for, i mean, nor does it go inside story on al jazeera what we do it, i'll just, sarah, is try to balance this story and he's the people who allow us into their lives, dignity and humanity. ah, your charges era, me.