exposing all of the features and their interconnections with hydraulic, with transportation, that works cause ways and residential zones, agricultural zones. and also how this cultural system was interconnected with the natural system. my in civilization span thousands of years. their cities were centered around great pyramids that served as temples. much about them is still unknown for us in getting it with all the new evidence we have. we know the cultural complexity of the site and the region was more than we believed in the beginning. it represents a challenge, a new cultural perspectives. archeologist botanists, biologist angela just are all part of the team working at the site. they're hoping the revelation of the road network could pave the way for more discoveries about this. still enigmatic civilization, benton, marin al jazeera. ah,

this is al jazeera and these are the top stories, israeli forces of kill 2 palestinians during arrayed in the occupied west bank. it was shot in the genuine refugee camp in the north is safe, the number of palestinians killed by israeli forces so far this year. to 17 iran con has more from a mile is really special forces using cause of palestinian lumber place, went in to the curb, extensively detroit arrested gunman. a fight then broke out almost where those 2 palestinian gunmen were actually killed us. reconfirmed was by the palestinians themselves as well as the israeli. these raids are now actually taking place on a much more regular basis. it's january 19th. we all ready seen this year? 17 palestinians killed rooms that won a day. effectively 9 of those have been actually killed in julie refugee camp.

meanwhile, one of the longest held palestinian israeli prisoners is back home after being in jail for 40 years. my here eunice and his cousin, kareem eunice, were convicted of kidnapping and killing and is really soldier. in the 1980s, korean eunice was released earlier this month. new zealand prime minister just into our journey has announced she is tapping down next month, fast after 5 and a half years in office. she says she doesn't have the energy or inspiration to seek re election in october. china's leader says he's concerned about coven 19 spreading in the countryside as millions head home for the upcoming new lunar new year celebrations. concerns a growing for the elderly who might be exposed to the virus. and he's 15 armenian soldiers have died, and 3 have been injured after a fire broke out in military barracks. the bays occurred in an engineering company of the armenian armed forces in the east and got homesick province. the cause of the fire has yet to be determined,

and germany is new defense minister will meet his u. s. counterpart later to discuss the war effort in ukraine. or as the story is expected to talk about the transfer of german me tanks to ukraine. he takes over from christine lambert to resigned on monday, and those are the headlines on al jazeera. i'll be back with more news after inside story. just say it. there is no channel that covers world views that we do. the scale of this camp is like nothing you've ever seen that the health care. what we want to know is how do these things affect people. we revisit please state, even when they're no international headlines. al jazeera, really invest in that, and that's a privilege. as a journalist, what's fueling public anger in peru, mass protest calling for change, have taken place for 5 weeks since the former president was impeached and arrested . peru is no stranger to political crises. so how is this one different, and what will it take to fix it?

this isn't fight story. ah, hello and welcome to the program. i'm getting you. navigate on tens of thousands of people are expected to descend on. peruse capital lima for 2 days of anti government protests. ah, they want president deena barto to resign an early elections to be held. many or supporters of her predecessor pedro castillo, and have a similar background to their former leader there indigenous to poor and come from rural, peruse, mountainous regions. they say president boulevard a dozen to represent them. she was appointed when castillo was removed from office an early december, and arrested on charges of 4000000000 and conspiracy. from the 5 weeks of demonstrations, more than 40 people had been killed in confrontations with security forces in

a home on the top of america. we often chill to in comma. we've come to lima to defend our country, considering we owned a dictatorial government, a militarist government, which is stained our country with black. good. i mean big enough young man. yeah. my i was rage my only re because dealer bull r t a is to blame. dina, please resign. so the people come down. if you don't resign, the people won't surrender their let the whole of peru rise up. let the $25.00 provinces, right? and 10 percent of the population come here to lima, because the government is illegitimate. well, president boulevard, he says she's willing to talk to the demonstrators, but that they must gather peacefully. give us a call. this issue of demanding early elections is only an excuse to keep taking other highways and blocking roads. please. we want to work and pace. people in

southern peru, desperate to have their hallways cleared, they want to work to reactivate their economy. ah, join him, you know, our guests in lima is one cloud you election, who is a political analyst writer and playwright. his father, one let you know kinda what the former vice president of peru and new york is michael shifter. as a senior fellow at the inter american dialogue and a member of the council on foreign relations, joining us from london is alonzo government, the electra and international relations at oxford university and author of a book on humanitarian law and peruse post conflict reconciliation process. welcome to you all. thanks so much for your time with us on the inside story. one cloud, you know, over in lee my just give us an assessment of these protest taking place right now, which have the protesters have made their way to the capital lima. what have you been seeing him? what's your assessment of at all? well, yes, approximately 1000 or more than 1000 people are coming to lima in this moment from

different parts of the provinces in buses, renting buses. and they want to take the marble out of the down. they want her to resign, its a political demand and all demand her political. they want a new constitution. they won't be now, but wanted to resign. they want elections in closer a, in these 2023. so the complete asian is a political situation. it's not a social situation as he's presented by some media. it, for me, it looks very much like the same because i'm bolivian i lived in the room for more than 2 years and also ministry love. but i see the same situation that happened in believe in 2020 when president on us was taken out from government. and

she was made to resign. also with no fancy of, of this title with this kind of look of social movement. when in fact was a political movement over thrower. so in general, i think more this of being a political offensive to take blue out of the down rather than a social demand from the people. ok, just one for you. one more for you. one cloud you do you think that the process are getting big enough to actually force the change that people are looking for you say to protest or is are demanding that by the way to resign and they're also demanding early elections. well, it's very difficult to say if she have got to stay, she can stay because she has the army and the police and she has the backup of thought, i would say more than approximately of 80 percent of the population. the difference

is that this 80 percent of the population is not more be life is not in this treat . whereas the other part, the, the radical part is being mobilized with these, all these offensively, with buses and people coming from everywhere with a very aggressive and violent recently actions. so it's very difficult to say if she is going to resign, given this lima taking the flea my offensive today and tomorrow. ok, let's bring in michael sister from new york. do you think that this is a dangerous moment for peru going forward, or does it represent an opportunity for real change? i it strikes me as a very, very dangerous ominous situation in peru. i could get completely out of control. ah

clearly, ah, what started as a set of protests in the south are following the of the impeachment of bitter casteel after he attempted a self qu on december 7th. ah, has spread. i think that the response of the government has made matters worse, has angered people even more is crated, were resentment and on and has warped into something larger. ah, and i think really reflects a lot of the pent up of anger and resentment that people in the south of had that had that they really haven't. ah, enjoyed the fruits of a, of a country that really let's remember, has had very odd high growth rates for many years. and yet there's been a really an abysmal and lack of social investment and commitment to the social agenda. so it's become something ah, much broader and i think their government hasn't reacted very well. and the

congress certainly it wants to cling to their positions and are also on our not, or do not want to be flexible in terms of earlier earlier elections, which is one of the principal demands of the protesters. so i think this is a, this is a very dangerous moment that i think needs to be out and, you know, addressed, and hopefully things will calm down. i don't really see the opportunity. ah right now to do something dramatic in a positive way. i think for a boy, are they a could try to change the cabinet and at that might help but, and she's very, very unpopular. ah, she's constitutional president followed all the procedures. but she's very unpopular. she's tied to the congress. she's tied to a military that has committed a lot of abuses and lot of innocent people have been killed, which is, which is just unacceptable. yeah, and speaking of the response by the government, michael bolo, r t a,

a has cracked down harshly. at least 47 protesters have been killed. i so far. why do you think that has been such a heavy handed response? i think this is, this is, you know, this is peru. i lived in peru for 4 years during the years of shining past in the late eighties and early 90 ninety's. ah, and unfortunately of you know, on the, the security forces have a record of human rights abuses. that's why there's a strong human rights movement. improved and there's also just a vis mistreatment of the indigenous people of poor people in the south. now a lot of these people also very huge responsibility. policemen have been to policeman that it was burned alive. there have been violence. ah, that is also unacceptable. and so the security forces, i have a responsibility to restore public order to protect innocent citizens from violence . but there's no justification for the abuses that have been

a poor reported that people that have been killed ah, that were protesting peacefully or were just happened to be in that area on acceptable or alonzo over in london. my guess from a lima one claudio a moment ago was saying that this is a pretty much a political offensive, what's taking place in peru right now. do you agree with that assessment and just give me your initial thoughts about the situation? yes, thank you. i don't think i agree because so the political situation, andrew has several layers and we can discuss the surface level analysis of specifically to use who the reaction to it and the specific, the specificity of the current moment. but he peel off the layers. if you look a little bit more further down into the social order of things,

the social contract, the history of the country, then this can't just be about one specific moment in 2023 or 2022. that there is no longer history of exclusion of people from indigenous ascent and indigenous people in crew having been left out by this, you know, economic growth, economic miracle that michael was talking about. where even if, you know g d p is growing and the macroeconomics numbers are doing well people every day people are basically let alone. if they cannot privatize their basic needs there's, there's no good health care. there's no public housing, there's educate public education is not work well funded and it's not doing well for people. so the population feels that there's a double standard, a double system. and all of these protests boil down to this difference between the part of crew that is able to take advantage of the quote unquote economic miracle.

and the peripheral that isn't, that is still left behind by a system that privileges that which is in lima is western looking. and, you know, in connected to international capitalism. whereas in the, in the highlands, in the end, is in the south in the area that are most angry with the government and the status quo or not. they are not able to take advantage of these, you know, the benefits. let me read this to you. so because some people say that this crisis has been enhanced by 30 years of neo liberalism, and in fact the constitution that was put in place back in 1993 by 4. he maury really implemented the neo liberal economic model, which has just benefited the rich and the businessmen at the expense of some people in peru. is that an accurate assessment? do you see it that way? so look, i don't think we have

a particularly extremist constitution. i don't think the constitutional text is necessarily the only problem. it has several problems, but there is no way to work around constitutional tests in the proven constitution . it's not like the for example, the trillion constitution that was very much chicago boy, libertarianism. the proven has full in there to produce the kind of systems that wouldn't be able to help people. in fact, they already have has been reduced. the problem is that this emerging middle class is very precarious right now, and it's very easy for them to go back into poverty. so what we need is to make changes in the constitution, so that the provision of this idea, safety net of health care of education of safety are actually actually exist in

practice. and they don't because of the mentality in the country, the privileges in these what you described as washington consensus dynamics in a text that doesn't necessarily mandate. we could have a different system that is more inclusive, but we can because of the structures in place. so what we need actually is a conversation as a nation, a national debate, where we accept and particularly lima westernized parts of lima in it goes through some contrition. noticing that the school hasn't worked for everyone. ok, let's bring in one claudio, because i know that you want to comment on what my guest from london has been saying and also how comparable and know you compare the situation in peru to bolivia, a little earlier on. but how comparable would it be? for example, to a country like chile, where 3 years ago we saw protest taking place and that then eventually led to

a constitutional reform pro sets will peru head in that direction. at any point you're probably, it's supposed to be yes. and still, the chilean situation was also a political twitch. so the protest or is it demanded a new constitution that brought a new government a government from the left. so it's not that because the tuition will change that people will or we violate inequality. what i'll also describes in intervention is a 3rd world situation. it's good for bolivia for per rule privileges. if the thing is that always we speak about privileges when we fared to the west to the demo

craddick with. once we go to the non western countries. so as to say, cuba, nobody talks about the privilege of cuba. nobody talks about the gap between the people in power and the people in the normal people, poverty. so i think there is a general speech to condemn these countries like peru that has done in a very intense job for the last 30 years to diminish poverty. and he has succeeded and to have succeeded when it doesn't have succeeded in a swedish standard. but it has diminished extreme poverty very much. and of course, the last 10 years were governments of the left that were away from intronas real attitudes,

the last 10 years where governments that were more state oriented than market oriented. and then you have the conclusion that the last 10 years poverty has increased. so it's a now the blue out of there was a former left pieced companion with castillo, now that castillo was taken out of power. she's a tact, i said far left woman, but she was like one month ago from the left, so they want to capture the power again. i don't think that this long terms, the thesis of a 3rd world country like poverty, not water, and all the sh long right to do that with having the 3rd world are the cause. it's a current tactical cause for the moment to change the government to radicalize

the situation. my coal, would it be fair to say that what's lead to the situation is that, you know, there was perhaps some people would describe it as incompetent on behalf of castillo, because perhaps of a lack of presidential experience. but also congress continuously put obstacles in his face. and front defend to make sure that he couldn't rule. and that's what got us to the situation today. i think that's true. i, i would add a word to incompetence, which is corruption, which i think has been mentioned so far on the discussion, which i think is an important element to point to know that every single elected president and peru since fuji morin obviously including foot moore. he is still in jail for human rights, and corruption charges has been charged with corruption. and on this is what if you want to know why people angry and a full of resentment. it's be course i am. kasteel was no different. there was 6

investigations by the prosecutor against gusty you. so he's not only incompetent because he had no experience, but he also on he was corrupt, like his predecessors. and i think that that was also a very important factor in why there was this antagonistic relationship with congress. but what you say is exactly true. ah, it shows that there was a, the hard right in peru never accepted castillo as legitimate. and he won the election fair and square was very, very close against take off. would you maury? but he was a legitimate elective president of peru. and the fact that there was a sector of the hard right, that was never recognized him and trying to undermine him, also shows that we were dealing with a non democratic, an important part of the congress as well. not the whole congress, but i think a certain a certain sector of the congress, micah,

let me really just about the united states since you speak to us from new york. we know that, let's look at this on the international response, because at least 14 countries are right across latin america and the caribbean have condemned the co improved. they've come out in support of castillo, but then you have the united states, for example, which is throwing its support behind the drina blower, se unelected presidency. so to what it, what is the u. s. the stake in all of this? well i think that i think durable, what day is, is the constitutional to his vice president. and if the president is impeached, then the vice president assume assumes are the power. and that's, that's totally constitutional. i think that what that, what her mistake was from the outset was that she said in her, for a speech that she was going to complete the term of paper castillo, which is 2026. and that made absolutely no sense because everybody do. if you look at any single pole and peru that the vast majority of peruvians wanted elections right away, not at the end of the term. so i think she's made

a lot of mistakes. look, there are no good options. the u. s. was not gonna support custeel, he attempted to qu, he'd, he over the course, the congress and take over the visionary. so that was, i think some nerve deserve to be condemned. but a bulworth day has not may as that manage the situation a very well. and certainly the armed forces, the security forces with human rights violations, is only fuel the protests and the anger at and, and got us to the very a dangerous point where you are today. alonzo al, how do you see this playing out? well, i think a unfortunately, and the political establishment ur in lima is and unable or more likely, unwilling to understand the root cause of the process. they seem to be convinced that this is just a quote unquote terrorist attack on the country with no legitimacy. and that it

needs to respond through sheer force, causing the 50 that the bodies that we have now in the country. so unfortunately, i don't see this plane out in any way that is peaceful, not at least for some time. and i actually think that the country where the country requires is a longer process of national discussion about how to change the system, how to change the status quo, so that it includes everyone because it is not possible to tell 101520 percent of the population well, yes, the state has succeeded already has been reduced. there is, there is no extreme poverty, but people do not need to just be content with not being poor, but people need more than just non already. so how does this majority get representation then? how long? so this is the, the proposal that exists right now from indigenous people themselves. from bolivia,

the, both the tends to perform the constitution is to establish national state as in where the nation state is usually seen as one nation. one state recognize that the history of latin america is a history where several nations port and have equal rights and serve equal representation in congress. and i'm more of the centralized structure in politics. unfortunately when, when this is when this was proposed in chile, so i would argue lack of a space to properly discuss this generator. a lot of fear that this was going to break up sheila into several little views. and the boy who was defeated over doesn't help your nationality was a one of the big arguments by what others as he descended into an ism in bolivia. so it doesn't have the right. it

hasn't been a proper space to discuss this idea of changing the status quo of our countries. why i think more than a constitution, constitutional assembly, what peru needs is a, is a forum. busy of open consultation, those are those in spanish where the nation can sit together and here the grievances of the people and know what it feels like to be approved. that doesn't have access to health care, doesn't have access to public education. that is not by the police. if they ever complain or you know, doesn't have actual safety and it's in a state that looks after its population. ok, that process need start right on that. now i will have to leave it there. we've run out of time, but thank you so much. one, claudio, lecture michael shifter and alan. so graham and thanks for joining us. thanks for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al jazeera dot com for further discussion. you can go to our facebook page at facebook dot com

forward slash ha inside story. when the conversation on twitter, our handle is a j inside story from myself and the whole team right here in dell. ha, thanks very much for watching. and bye bye for now. 2 years alden from me and maz military cool, the balance of power is shifting as thousands of pro democracy activists joint forces with ethnic minority insurgence forming a united front to take on the military. people empower, goes behind the scenes to reveal growing optimism that the coalition of peoples defense forces could transform the country's future on me and mas frontline on a jazz eda. this isn't my story. it's the story of my frame case. i'm. she told us that she didn't want to be here. she

didn't want to love any more. was too hard. a survivor, da da gates her life to educating and saving others from suicide. we're the ones that die. we're the ones that are losing our friends and therefore we have to be the ones that will stand up and solve it because no one else is going to say where there is hope. a witness documentary on a just you know the world economic forum returns to dabble since january to assess the global economy, reshaped by the pandemic. and the war and new crime can lead us from government and business, prevent a promised decade of action. becoming a decade of uncertainty, extensive coverage on al jazeera, 15000 young men were traffic from west africa to europe in the middle east and 2021 . with the promise that play professional football meet central defender use of gang, he's from synagogue suburb of refused use. it's not, his dreams had come to

a man presenting himself as a football agent told him he had talent and had found a club for him to join into by. so they sold their car and borrowed money for the trip. but there was no club to host him. the vast majority of the young man that you shall dispatch will not make a living, playing professional football. they'll be disappointment for them to carry out their families, but also of entire communities and villages that have supported them. use of gay is in debt and robbed of his dreams, and yet he has not lost hope. and either has his family. they still expect their son will step into the football, boots of synagogues biggest players. ah, he's ready for says kill 2 p.