vaccines for polio, measles and cholera. but the job can be overwhelming, wasn't really that all comma, most of the people here have been pushed out of the villages because of dire living conditions. there was a recurrent measles outbreak in this area. so people have been quite happy to receive the vaccines face with the worst route and 40 years there is concern, extreme weather conditions could make things worse for the most vulnerable patio, little bits of the yen al jazeera. ah, these are a top stories on al jazeera this hour, at least 4 people have been killed in up to 80 injured in a stampede at a football stadium in the southern iraqi city of foster. it happened at the boss or a stadium ahead of the final of the arabian golf club between iraq and omar. i moved hampton lattice. more from boss for iraq is dead 20 a vocation,

cases and about 80 are injured according to the iraqi football association. the stampede happened as a football mad fans, especially iraqis. they talk their way towards the gate of the palmer trunk, a stadium which is allocated to hoster. today's match, the final between iraq and a man. many people, iraq is, have been driving from several provinces across iraq to a spot. what was the sports city? nationwide strikes against president emmanuel mac, horse proposed pension reforms are underway in france. the government announced plans to raise the retirement age by 2 years to 64. unions had joined protesters, seeing the movies and assault on the welfare system. railways, homes and refineries will be affected by workers walking off. the job is really

forces have kill 2 palestinians during a raid in the occupied west bank. they were shot in a refugee camp in the northern city of jeanine. this brings a number of palestinians killed by israel forces this month to 70. meanwhile, israel has released one of its long as held palestinian israeli prisoners my, her eunice was in jail for about 40 years. his back home in ira israel who was convicted of kidnapping and killing, and his really soldier in the 1980s. new zealand prime minister jacinta r don't has announced she is stepping down next month after 5 and a half years in office. she says she doesn't have the energy or inspiration to seek re election in october. china's leader, she ging being says, he's concerned about cov 19th spreading in the countryside as millions had home for the upcoming lunar new year celebrations. concerns are growing for the elderly who might be exposed to the virus. united nations peacekeepers say they've discovered bodies of more than 40 people in mass graves in eastern democratic republic of

congo. there were found any to a province after violent attacks at the weekend blamed on local rebel horse. the u . n. is calling for an investigation. and those are the headlines on al jazeera, as always, plenty more news on our website at al jazeera dot com. coming up next, it's inside story to stay with us. ah. what's fueling public anger in peru? mass protest calling for a change have taken place for 5 weeks since the former president was impeached and arrested. peru is no stranger to political crises. so how is this one different, and what will it take to fix it?

this isn't fight story. ah hello and welcome to the program. i'm telling you, navigate on tens of thousands of people are expected to descend on, peruse capital lima for 2 days of anti government protests. ah, they want president, dean bull arthur to resign an early elections, to be held, many or supporters of her predecessor pedro castillo, and have a similar background to their former leader. they're indigenous to poor and come from rural, peruse, mountainous regions. they say president bello art a dozen to represent them. she was appointed when castillo was removed from office an early december, and arrested on charges of rebellion and conspiracy. on the 5 weeks of demonstrations, more than 40 people had been killed in confrontations with security forces. we've

taken home on the 10th of america. we often chilton in comma. we've come to lima to defend our country, considering we owned a dictatorial government, a militarist government, which is stained our country with black. good. i mean weakness, young man, my i was rage. my only rage because the bull, i tell you to blame dina, please resign. so the people come down. if you don't resign, the people won't surrender their let the whole of peru rise up. that the 25 provinces, right. let in 10 percent of the population come here to lima, because the government is illegitimate or president boulevard. he says she's willing to talk to the demonstrators, but that they must gather peacefully. give us a call. this issue of demanding early elections is only an excuse to keep taking the highways and blocking roads. please. we want to work and pace people in

southern peru, desperate to have their hallways cleared, they want to work to reactivate their economy. ah, joining you know, our augusta in lima is one cloud. your election? who is a political analyst writer and playwright. his father, one let you know kinda was the former vice president of peru and new york is michael shifter. as a senior fellow at the inter american dialogue and a member of the council on foreign relations, joining us from london is alonzo grantee, a lecturer in international relations at oxford university and author of a book on humanitarian law and peruse post conflict reconciliation process. welcome to you all. thanks so much for your time with us. on the inside story. one cloud, you're over and lima, just give us an assessment of these protest taking place right now. which of the protesters have made their way to the capital? lima? what have you been seeing him? what's your assessment of at all? well, yes, approximately 1000 or more than 1000 people are coming to lima in this moment from

different parts of the provinces in buses, renting buses. and they want to take the marble out of the down. they want her to resign, its a political demand and all demand her party because they want a new constitution. they want dina wanted to revise and they want elections in closer a, in these 2023. so the complete asian is a political situation. it's not a social situation as he's presented by some media. it, for me, it looks very much like deal thing because i'm bolivian i lived in the room for more than 2 years and also love but i see the same situation that happened in believe in 2020. when griffin on years was taken out from government and she

was made to resign, all still, we've been offensive. both of these ties with this kind of look of social movement . when in fact was a political movement over throw or so in general, i think more this of being a political offensive to take blue out of the down rather than a social demand from the people. ok, just one for you. one more for you. one cloud you do you think that the process are getting big enough to actually force the change that people are looking for you say to protest or are demanding that by the way to resign and they're also demanding early elections? well, it's very difficult to say if she have the gods to stay, she can stay because she has the army and the police and she has the backup of thought, i would say more than approximately of 80 percent of the population. the difference

is that this 80 percent of the population is not more be life is not in this treat . whereas the other part, the, the radical part is being mobilized with these, all these offensively, with buses and people coming from everywhere with a very aggressive and violent recently actions. so it's very difficult to say if she is going to resign given the lima taking lima offensive today and tomorrow. ok, let's bring in michael sister from new york. do you think that this is a dangerous moment for peru going forward, or does it represent an opportunity for real change? i it strikes me as a very, very dangerous ominous situation in peru. i could get completely out of control. ah,

clearly, ah, what started as a set of protests in the south are following the and the impeachment of pivot of castillo after he attempted a self qu on december 7th. ah, has spread. i think that the response of the government has made matters worse, has angered people even more is crated, were resentment and on and has warped into something larger. ah, and i think really reflects a lot of the pent up bub anger and resentment that people in the south have had that had that they really haven't. ah, enjoyed the fruits of a, of a country that really let's remember, has had very odd high growth rates for many years. and yet there's been a really an abysmal and lack of social investment and commitment to the social agenda. so it's become something ah, much broader and i think the government hasn't reacted very well. and the congress

certainly it wants to cling to their positions and are also on our not, or do not want to be flexible in terms of earlier earlier elections, which is one of the principal demands of the protesters. so i think this is a, this is a very dangerous moment that i think needs to be out and, you know, addressed, and hopefully things will calm down. i don't really see the opportunity. ah right now to do something dramatic in a positive way. i think for bernard, say, a could try to change the cabinet and at that might help. but, and she's very, very unpopular. ah, she's constitutional president followed all the procedures. but she's very unpopular. she's tied to the congress. she's tied to a military that has committed a lot of abuses and lot of innocent people have been killed, which is, which is just unacceptable. yeah, and speaking of the response by the government, michael bolo, r t a,

a has cracked down harshly. at least 47 protectors have been killed so far. why do you think there has been such a heavy handed response? i think this is, this is, you know, this is peru. i lived in peru for 4 years during the years of shining past in the late eighties and early 90 ninety's. ah, and unfortunately of you know, on the, the security forces have a record of human rights abuses. that's why there's a strong human rights movement. improved and there's also just a vist mistreatment of the indigenous people of poor people in the south. now a lot of these people also very huge responsibility. policemen have been to policemen that it was burned alive. there have been violence. ah, that is also unacceptable. and so there is security forces. i have a responsibility to restore public order to protect innocent citizens from violence . but there's no justification for the abuses that have been

a poor reported that people that have been killed ah, that were protesting peacefully or were just happened to be in that area. and i found acceptable or alonzo over in london, my guests from a lima one claudio a moment ago was saying that this is a pretty much a political offensive, what's taking place in peru right now. do you agree with that assessment and just give me your initial thoughts about the situation? yes, thank you. i don't think i agree because so the political situation improve has several layers. and we can discuss the surface level analysis of specifically to use who the reaction to it and the specific the specificity of the current moment. but if you peel off the layers, if you look a little bit more further down into the social order of things, the social contract, the history of the country,

then this can't just be about one specific moment in 2023 or 2022. that there is no longer history of exclusion of people from indigenous sent an indigenous people in crew having been left out by this, you know, economic growth, economic miracle that michael was talking about. where even if g d p is growing and the macroeconomics numbers are doing well, people every day people are basically let alone. if they cannot 5 a kaiser basic needs. there's no good health care. there's no public housing, there's educate public education is not work well funded. and it's not doing well for people, so the population feels that there's a double standard, a double system. and all of these protests boil down to this difference between the part of crew that is able to take advantage of the quote unquote economic miracle.

and the part of that isn't that is still left behind by a system that privileges that which is in lima is western looking. and, you know, in connected to international capitalism. whereas in the, in the highlands, in the end, is in the south in the area that are most angry with the government and the status quo or not. they are not able to take advantage of these, you know, benefits. let me put this to you. so because some people say that this crisis has been enhanced by 30 years of neo liberalism, and in fact the constitution that was put in place back in 1993 by 4. he maury really implemented the neo liberal economic model, which has just benefited the rich and the businessmen at the expense of some people in peru. is that an accurate assessment? do you see it that way? so look, i don't think we have

a particularly extremist constitution. i don't think the constitutional text is necessarily the only problem. it has several problems, but there is no ways to work around constitutional tests in the proven constitution . and it's not like the for example, the trillion constitution that was very much chicago boy libertarianism. the proven has fulls in there to produce the kind of systems that wouldn't be able to help people. in fact, they already have, has been reduced. the problem is that this emerging middle class is very precarious right now, and it's very easy for them to go back into poverty. so what we need is to make changes in the constitution so that the provision of the frontier, safety net of health care of education of safety are actually actually existing

practice. and they don't, because of the mentality in the country, the privileges in these. what describers, washington consensus dynamics in a text that doesn't necessarily mandate we could have a different system that is more inclusive, but we can because of the structures in place. so what we need actually is a conversation as a nation, a national debate, where we accept and particularly lima westernized parts of lima. it goes through some contrition. noticing that the school hasn't worked for everyone. ok, let's bring in hong claudio because i know that you want to comment on what my guess from london has been saying. and also how comparable and you compare the situation in peru to bolivia, a little earlier on. but how comparable would it be, for example, to a country like chile, where 3 years ago we saw protest taking place. and that then eventually led to

a constitutional reform pro sets will peru head in that direction. at any point you're probably, it's supposed to be yes. and still the julian situation was also political to which so the protest or is it demanded a new constitution that brought a new government, a government from the left. so it's not that the constitution will change that people will or we violate inequality. what i'll also describes in intervention is a 3rd world situation. it's good for bolivia, for per rule privileges. the thing is that always we speak about privileges when we refer to the west to the demo craddick with. once we go to the non

western countries, so as to say, cuba, nobody talks about the privileges in cuba. nobody talks about the gap between the people in power and the people in the normal people, poverty. so i think there is a general speech to condemn these countries like peru that has done in a very intense job for the last 30 years to diminish poverty. he has succeeded and to have succeeded when it doesn't have succeeded in a swedish standard, but it has diminished extreme poverty very much. and of course, the last 10 years were governments of the left that were away from intronas real attitudes, the last 10 years where governments that were more state oriented than

market oriented. and then you have the conclusion that the last 10 years poverty has increased. so it's a now the blue i was a former left piece companion with castillo, now that castillo was taken out of power. she's a tact, i said power left woman. but she was like, one month ago from the left. so they want to capture power again. i don't think that this long terms, the pieces of a 3rd world country like poverty, not water, and all the shop long. right to do that with having the 3rd world are the cause. it's a current tactical cause for the moment to change the government to radicalize

the situation. michael, would it be fair to say that what's lead to the situation is that, you know, there, there was perhaps some people would describe it as incompetent on behalf of castillo, because perhaps if a lack of presidential experience, but also congress continuously put obstacles in his face. and front defend to make sure that he couldn't rule. and that's what got us to the situation today. i think that's true. i, i would add a word to incompetence, which is corruption, which i think has been mentioned so far on the discussion, which i think is an important element to point to know that every single elected president and peru since fuji morin obviously including foot moore. he is still in jail for human rights, and corruption charges has been charged with corruption. and on this is what if you want to know why people are angry and full of resentment. it's be course i'm and

kasteel was no different. it was 6 investigations by the prosecutor against gusty you. so he's not only incompetent because he had no experience, but he also on he was corrupt, like his predecessors. and i think that that was also a very important factor in why there was this antagonistic relationship with congress. but what you say is exactly true. ah, it shows that there was a, the hard right in peru never accepted castillo as legitimate. and he won the election fair and square was very, very close against takeoff. would you maury? but he was a legitimate elective president of peru and the fact that there was a sector of the hard right that was never recognized him and trying to undermine him. also shows that we were dealing with a non democratic, an important part of the congress as well. not the whole congress, but i think a certain a certain sector of the congress, micah, let me really just about the united states since you speak to us from new york. we

know that, let's look at this on the international response, because at least 14 countries are right across latin america and the caribbean, have condemned the co and peru. they've come out in support of castillo, but then you have the united states, for example, which is throwing its supports behind the dina boulevard, say, an elected presidency. so what it, what is the u. s. the stake in all of this? well i think that i think durable, what day is, is the constitutional to his vice president. and if the president is impeached, then the vice president assume assumes are the power. and that's, that's totally constitutional. i think that what that, what her mistake was from the outset was that she said in her, for a speech that she was going to complete the term of paper castillo, which is 2026. and that made absolutely no sense because everybody do. if you look at any single pole and peru that the vast majority of peruvians wanted elections right away, not at the end of the term. so i think she's made

a lot of mistakes. look, there are no good options. the u. s. was not gonna support casteel, he attempted to qu, he'd he over the course, the congress and take over the visionary. so that was, i think, suddenly i deserve to be condemned. but a blessed day has not me as that manage the situation. a very well and certainly the armed forces, the security forces with human rights violations, is only fuel the protests and the anger at and, and got us to the very a dangerous point where you are today. alonzo al, how do you see this playing out? well, i think a, unfortunately, and the political establishment in lima is and unable or more likely, unwilling to understand the root cause of the protests. they seem to be convinced that this is just a quote unquote terrorist attack on the country with no legitimacy. and that it

needs to respond through sheer force, causing the 50 that the bodies that we have now in the country. so unfortunately, i don't see this plane out in any way that is peaceful, not at least for some time. and i actually think the country where the country requires is a longer process of national discussion about how to change the system, how to change the status quo, so that it includes everyone because it is not possible to tell 101520 percent of the population. well yes, the state has succeeded already has been reduced. there is, there is no extreme poverty, but people do not need to just be content with not being poor. but people need more than just non over. so how did in the jewish majority get representation, then alonza? so this is the proposal that exists right now from indigenous peoples themselves

from bolivia. and sheila, both attempts to perform the constitution is to establish during national state as in where the nation state is usually seen as one nation. one state recognize that the history of latin america is a history where several nations port and have equal rights and serve equal representation in congress and more of the centralized structure in politics. unfortunately when, when this is when this was proposed in chile, i would argue lack of a space to properly discuss this generator. a lot of fear that this was going to bring up sheila, into several little views and the poor who was defeated over doesn't help or nationality was a, one of the big arguments by what others as he descended into you know, of course parent isn't in bolivia, so it doesn't have the right that hasn't been

a proper space to discuss this idea of changing the status quo of our countries. when i why i think more than a constitution constitutional assembly. what brittany is a, is a forum of open consultation, a year of those in spanish, where the nation can sit together here the grievances of the people and know what it feels like to be a program that doesn't have access to health. it doesn't have access to public education that is not by the police. if they ever complain or, you know, doesn't have actual safety and it's a state that looks after its population. ok, that process needs start right on that. now i will have to leave it there, we've run out of time. but thank you so much. one, claudio, lecture michael shifter and alan. so graham and thanks for joining us. thanks for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al jazeera dot com for further discussion. you can go to our facebook page at facebook dot com,

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reveal growing optimism that the coalition of people's defense forces could transform the country's future. on me and mas frontline on a jazz eda. the world economic forum returns to dabble in january to assess the global economy, reshaped by the pandemic, and the war in ukraine can leaders from government and business prevent a promised decade of actions becoming a decade of uncertainty. extensive coverage on al jazeera. ah hello, i'm emily anglin. in jo harvey's the headlines on elisha vera at least 4 people have been killed and up to.