it by the pandemic won't happen overnight, but there's reason for some optimism, this great thing, a confidence that when the mobility is that it be like a retail sectors growing mall growing, and also supporting the business that already has been 3 years suffer from the pandemic. as people gather the steve at ease with their families, many a hoping this year will be much better than the most. jessica washington out to sierra hong kong. ah. so this is our desert. these are the top stories in berlin is coming under increased pressure to give the go ahead for the delivery of german made tanks to ukraine. is being discussed at a meeting of e u foreign ministers in brussels. poland says it would like the consent of germany to send the tanks to a non data country. for warsaw says it will make its own decision. berlin doesn't permit the move. no,

this can't be mother cause we will seek disapproval from germany. but this is a secondary issue, even if we don't get such an approval in the end, we will give our thanks to la crane anyway, with an a small coalition of countries, even if germany isn't in that coalition of russia's foreign minister. so gay land rover is in pretoria, had of joint military exercises between south africa, russia and china. next month, south africa abstain during a you and vote last year, criticizing rushes invasion of ukraine. it says it remains neutral on the war, but it's a long time trading partner of russia. brazil and argentina have signed agreements to boost trade during a visit by the brazilian president louis sonata alluded to silver. it is louis his 1st trip abroad since returning to power. on tuesday, it will be a summit of regional leaders, one as ours, where it lula and the argentinian president will push for a common currency for latin america. pakistan's government is working to restore electricity to millions of homes and businesses after a nation wide power outage. the energy minister blames of fault in the national

grid. nearly 220000000 people have been affected. a judge in lebanon and has resumed his investigation to the 2020 beirut port blast. after a 13 month break. more than 200 people were killed when chemicals stocked in a warehouse caught fire, causing the explosion. judge ordered the release of 5 people, but also announced charges against 8 others, including the chief of the state. so fate security residents of a better village in the occupied west bank so they won't move even though their homes are threatened with demolition. 2018 israel supreme court approved to plan to bulldoze it to make way for illegal israeli settlements. the main suspect and a mass shooty in california and shot himself. police say the gunman, open fire at a dance studio, killing at least 10 people. the chairman of the u. k. is conservative party says he will fail to fully cooperate with an independent inquiring to his tax affairs. now

teams are how he is resisting calls to resign. after details of the multi $1000000.00 dispute emerged, the premier service she sudak had ordered an investigation, but the opposition says it wants him to come clean about his knowledge of the matter. all right, right. that that lines more news coming up here on our desert fight after counting the cost. we don't simply focus on the politics of the conflict. it's the consequence of war. the human suffering that we report on it is one of the most serious about the violence in recent years. we brave bullet bomb because we give voice to those the freedom, the rule of law. and we always include the views from all sides. i . hello,

melinda. this is counting the cost on al jazeera this week from the corona vars pound that make to the war in ukraine. crisis upon crisis threatens to fracture the global economy off to decades of integration. is globalization breaking down or is it transforming? also this week, the wealth, richest one percent poked, had nearly twice as much wealth as every one else over the last 2 years. so how can the yawning inequality gap be bridged? and sweden discovers the largest deposit of red earth metals in europe. we explore if this could help reduce the continents dependence on china. ah, the end of the cold war, free trade and technological advances that will help create a global system that is acutely sensitive to what is happening on the, on the side of the world. globalization has been credited for developing economies,

increasing incomes, and lifting millions of people out of poverty. the pandemic and the worn ukraine has exposed the fragility of that economic interdependence. your past reduced its reliance on russian fossil fuels and cut off moscow from the west financial system . the u. s. is in a trade with china protection, as is on the rice and companies are moving supply chains closer to home. the perfect storm of events is putting the wells economic order at risk. the international monetary fund warns that declining international cooperation could shrink global output by up to 70 percent. the issue was high on the agenda. the world economic forum in divorce, where the un secretary general had some advice for the us and china. we risk work, i have gold, the great fracture, the decoupling of the world to largest economies. thorndike griff that will create

2 different sets of 3rd rules. 2 dominant currencies, 2 internets and 2 conflicting so that the result of diffusion, intelligence. this is the last thing we need. so are we seeing the demise of globalization and percentage of trade that makes up global g d p is one important measure. let's take a look at this chart. as you can see, it peaked nearly 60 percent in 2008 exports as a share of global output have been flat or lower since the financial crisis. they dipped sharply during the pandemic in 2020, but then they rose again in 2021 to almost 57 percent of global g d. p. and trade hit a record $28.00 and a half trillion dollars. that's here. to unpack all of that on join now by simon even it's for geneva, san is a progressive international trade and economic development at the university of st

. gallon. thank you for joining the program. simon. always seeing the demise of globalization. we're not seeing the demise of globalization. what you're seeing is it's kind of like a run or going from a sprint to a joke. essentially, we're seeing a deceleration in the growth along some dimensions, but still a massive, especially digits, digitally delivered services. that's growing up, metropolis, but do you think the benefits of globalization outweigh the jeer political problems that we've seen that it's help create on that? yes, the benefits of globalization would be enormous. just talk to the millions of hundreds of millions of asians who have been out of poverty as a result of the product of the last 30 years. that has been dislocation, especially in those western countries that have been unable to retrain their labor . forces out in educate them properly in the 1st place. so there is a problem there. as for the geo politics, yes, they're awesome supply chains. where you can find sort of critical materials in

a small number of locations. but actually, as people have looked into those, the number of those cases are fewer than you would often think. if you, if you listen to some of the commentary, data does show that protectionists, trade policies have been growing faster than liberalizing ones in recent years. is the idea a free trade or trade without constraints finished on? thank you. all right, to sign the work from my team with donald collecting that information. and what we are seeing is now governments, i think, thinking again about sold from globalization, not necessarily doing it in a non question manner. some of them have been acting, especially the big players, very strategically, over the past decade, also using protection tools. so you can revise. the problem is become a lot messy. but i still think it's the baseline against which policy is ultimately judged. do you think it's gone too far? has globalization gone too far?

obviously not actually, i think there's plenty of room for going further with globalization. but again, this will happen if it's managed well in terms of a lot of problems. we have, the backlash against liberalization. is because people are fearful of losing their jobs and they don't think they're going to get a suitable job afterwards or get rehired. so we've got to find ways to support people with my transition. and in countries been to this rather, well my, the ones in northern, your countries like denmark, is a lot more support for globalization. i think that's the real lesson. but if we get all domestic labor market sorts now, then yes, there's going to be a constraint on how far liberalization we're going to future in touch briefly on the vulnerabilities we've seen in supply chains as a result of the war ukraine coded as well. one example is the shortage of medicine

that we're currently seeing in europe. the world trade organization has said that re globalization is the onset. what exactly is re globalization and is that the future? so i think what the trade organization is trying to advocate heater is thinking of ways in which you can use globalization to diversify supply chains and limit the risk of being dependent on any one supplier. and i think the risk management perspective is a really small way of looking at this because no countries should be dependent on any one. so small sort of supplies, even including domestic suppliers and sometimes food out on the job. and so i think it to the extent that re globalization is really extra risk management and diversified sourcing. that makes a lot of sense. a china, of course, one of the biggest beneficiaries of globalization. but things have changed a lot in recent years. it's now locked in a trade war with the united states. where do you see its relationship with the

united states going could we see a 2 parallel supply chain system? the us china relationship is very frivolous at the moment. i think we are beginning to see some attempt to try and define what prison item boundaries or to the competition between these countries have process goes forward. but it has been a rocky, you know, 5 or 10 years between, between them and to the extent of both the united states and china did find that they want to change their social patterns might be being less global, more regional than you are going to see companies just i think that is, that is potentially on the table with a lot of regionalization of supply chain. and by the way, i think a lot of private sectors already moving in that direction. we're beginning to see that in some sectors we transitioning, do you think into a new economic order,

which is no longer dollar denominated? we are transitioning away from the globalization order of the $990.00 s. what we're going to want is still unclear. i don't buy the argument, we're splitting into 2 blocks. there will definitely be a western block, probably centered around the united states and a number of english speaking nations, possibly with the european union in there. but then when you turn to the larger emerging market so long, they're pretty clear that they go want to be part of the western book. it's not clear that there is no western countries operate much together. so if anything, i think we're, we're going up in a pretty is situation where there's a lot of, of the blocks between the emerging market and maybe a western court. so that's, it is going to be pretty messy going forward. i think the idea that we're going to have to rigid blocks, like we saw during the cold war, goes to fall. it won't be that easy to find a word. what do you think the consequences of d, globalization or i mean can, can,

the will, is economy is actually survive independently. i think the, the consequences of globalization is going to be very severe for the cost of producing a number of goods. so we've benefited enormously from having large production runs by concentrating reduction in maybe a small number of places for different types of quantities. if you start chopping up those supply chains and new firms with much smaller production unit costs will be half price will be higher, inflation will be higher. so this will stand, i think we will see in a hit to our living standards. if we move toward the globalization, and this is the part of the story which the advocates of the globalization, how are not sharing with, with the public, actually fascinating to talk to you. so i'm in everett from geneva, professor international trade and economic development at the university of thank allen. thank you. thank you. oh.

well, while globalization is credited for lifting millions of people out of poverty, it's also been criticized for increasing inequality and the world's billionaires have been rocking up more wealth than everyone else. over the past 2 years, oxfam says that the wealthiest one percent a mass more than 40 trillion dollars in new wealth during that period, that's almost twice as much as the rest of the world. combined, oxfam says the fortunes of the wealthiest one percent of the population increased $2700000000.00 each day. a billionaire and around $1700000.00 for every $1.00 and by the remaining 90 percent. and for the 1st time in a quarter of a century, extreme wealth and extreme policy increased simultaneously. the report says at least 1700000000 employees live in countries where inflation is outpacing wage growth, causing hundreds of millions of people to go hungry. orchestra is calling for

higher taxes for the rich. it says a 5 percent levy on the wealthy would raise about $1.00 trillion dollars a year. joining me now from london is pulls the gal rita in economics of development at the department of international development of kings college london . thank you for joining the show. so, we've been discussing globalization in the show. how much is it to be blamed for the wealth inequality? again, globalization is a complex one. i mean, it's certainly true that people who are at the very top of the wealth distribution of benefit law from each of capital and move. ready of firms to invest across countries and, and trade across countries. i'm increasing where each of the last several decades go by. vision has also been pretty key in raising a lot of incomes at the bottom of the global income distribution. so countries like china and india at very high levels of poverty,

they seem very rapid growth and including very rapid growth, low down into distributions that have been key to reducing poverty and therefore helping to mediate some extent the rising called you at the same time. so what is the reason behind this massive growth in wealth we're seeing the super rich. why do the ritual with become richer? so there's a long story short story. so the long run story is. ready past 4 decades, also the taxes on the very rich have gone down dramatically. ready and that means that the very rich have been able to increase their share of the pine that they've had global growth of the pop several decades. the rich have been taking and increasing share that pi at the expense of everyone else. so that's a long story. then there's also the short run story of the last 2 or 3 years close by the the cobra panoramic. and they, what we had was governments injected very large amounts of money into the economy in order to stimulate the economy in order to reduce the recessionary effects. of

the covey panoramic now that was close to the government needed to do that to support the economy, to support people's incomes. but if you like a side effect of that was that it massively inflated asset prices, which meant that massively inflated the wealth of the people who own the assets, which is of course, predominantly very wealthy. so there is a disproportionate effect. increasing the wealth with very rich which means now be a pretty. ready opportune time, as people arguing to tax back some of that wealth in order to fund some of the public services that we so desperately need at this time. and where do you see this wealth gap going? i mean, of course, a lot of people struggling with high prices with inflation as well in ukraine. what impact is that going to have on that wealth gap? so the one ukraine, it's led to spike in prices of things like energy and foods. and those of course future much more heavily in the budget for household budget people low down in. ready contribution poor and middle class household spend

a much higher share their income on food and energy than do the very rich. so that increase in price, it is certainly increasing in quality at the moment. now as we see that subside. ready hopefully, well, we don't know what's gonna happen with the war, but hopefully those prices will start to come down of the next year or 2. and to some extent, we might see a partial reversal of that. that's what i'm hopeful for. but of course, continental has any progress been made at all in tackling and equality. i would say a very interesting case here. this case is china. china had a very rapid rise in the quality after opening up in the late seventy's and eighty's as part of its rapid growth model. certain regions in particular grew very fast where it's either stagnated. i meant that they've been a rapid rise in any quoting china. until a little bit after 2000 until the early 2 thousands since then china has been quite successful. ready in increasing social spending on core effect to society,

which has be different, but also the key less. and i think that a lot of the world can learn from china. if the china investor locked in is poor regions. so it's kind of a developmental based approach to the core areas to increase productivity and through that to increase the wages of, of workers in poorer regions. and that's been highly successful in stabilizing and maybe even reducing any quality in china. and also more generally around the world receive as an increase movement towards stronger than public pressure. let's say to stronger trade unions is a lot of labor activism. and historically labor activism has been one of the key drivers of producing any quality. so if we support that, and if governments are willing to support increased stronger trade unions increase late activism and simple policies like raising minimum wages, those have been those policies have been proven to reduce any quality historically and they can do it again. if the political will, you touched on tax, we've heard from oxfam and, and all those doubles,

calling for taxes on the super rich. it's not a new idea, but many governments have resisted it. why? the simple reason is that billionaires and the other very wealthy people tend to love the governments to persuade them, not to do it. i mean, they're always inviting senior politicians to parties on the yachts. we know that happens. it's well documented. it's not even surprise to hear it, but it's not that we shouldn't be surprised either that after they come back from those parties on, you're feeling a lot more friendly towards a b. s and, and don't feel inclined from some policies that they're likely to compromise interest, but actually go deeper the math and the bigger problem we have is not just as direct access to positions for the fact the months for mainstream media is dominated by being their owners so they're very able and, and did all the time to get their media outlets to essentially promulgate their interests. the arguments are in favor, their interests, and even when you have a very popular policy, like a wealth tax on

a very rich distributed popular mainstream media don't cover it or they, they diminish it because they owned the meet you out with themselves and by whose interests the policy is a compromise. so do you think taxing the rich or taxing the big corporations is the solution in bridging that inequality is definitely a big part of the solution. i mean, the rich have a, have a very increased share of the pie compared to 40 years ago. and and that means that simple redistribution simply taking money from those who have excessive amounts of it and restricting it, redistributing it to others, especially by a public services and public investment that helps boost productivity and well being throughout the economy. that's certainly a large part of, of the strategy we should be pursuing, producing equality pretty good to talk to a poor seagal rita in economics of development at the department of international

development at kings college london. thank you. thank you. they are found in phones, tv, computers, and batteries. red earth minerals are an essential component of everyday products to spot the name. the 17 heavy muscles are found in abundance in many parts of the world. but mining and extracting them is costly and harmful to the environments. china dominates the market and know elements of mine, a tool in europe for discovery in sweden is hoping to change the continents fortunes. a swedish stay own mining company says it's discovered europe's largest deposit of the minerals, the fun. l. k be announced. it's found more than a 1000000 tons of red oxides in corrina, in the north. the u. s. has increased investment in where to rival china's dominance of the market. i'm joined now by nobel mon cherry from lou van in belgium . he is the executive officer and sexy general at the global ret industry

association. thank you for joining the program. mr. cherry. how significant is sweden's discovery of us by numbers? it's quite significant. but we still need to, you know, see ah, you know, how, how much time it takes to develop that mine and what is the, you know, quality of that mine are on. know how much better element actually is there for in a recoverable form. and also, as you know, that there are 17 elements within this robot group. and how many of the bradwell will go out up to like, you know, indeed your de mm hm. cuz your to me, i'm derby him on, on dispos him are in that deposit, which is necessary for the, you know, for the high performance magnets which are yours. in the modern technologies, you know, like our laptops, mobile phones now when done of g turbine, sun,

electric cars, so still low, but of what needs to be done to identify how economical would be the deposit to be mind. and what kind of time frame are we looking out for getting these rare materials into the market? the company itself says, you know, it takes, you know, 15 years at least to develop this deposit to a fully operational in line and, and best rule for many in or any mining project takes long time to develop. ah, and, and, and, and we see no, okay, we have the material now 151520 years is not bad because the demand we for see in next you know, 25 years. so there are products that get brady by this time. then there is a huge surge in demand. demand is actually going up. so it's a reasonable time that the more you know, all the deposit does get pretty for the future demand. we talked about the

potential harm to the environment in getting it out of the ground, but it's also very important for the future in terms of green energy, isn't it? how do you get that balance? right? and i sent this misconception in the general breast that your mining is om. 4 especially of out of mining is harmful. it's, it's not the case nor it's, you know, in some examples you have that, you know, mining has caused some environmental problems in countries. name is shiara myanmar, but a countries like ever stern country like you know, spirit, it can be sustainably mind and brew goose on processed. and, and you said this is where the in bought. this is called industrial white means. now you don't need huge quantities like corporate or aluminum. you need tiny quantities off these elements, which is necessary for, you know, for the n o detention if he are going to drive the elect because in all over the world. and if you, if you are producing, give internal g new energy without carbon emissions. this of the ingredients bad,

you need to have, we know that europe has been aiming to reduce its reliance on china when it comes to these kind of rare materials. we know the u. s. wants to rival at beijing's dominance, where do you see the market dynamics going? china has been working on china. go to good. ah, deposit of these elements and it has been working last 30 years tirelessly to develop and, and move in the value chain. and actually china didn't day. kevin, this from, you know, western countries actually v gave it like any other industry because of the, of the cost structure. so he gave, you know, all that thing to the, the, the, the, don't it being world, ah, and, and then as there are also a number of projects you know, coming up in, in advanced countries like was failure, canada, a couple of african countries. and also in south america,

it popped off the demand that him demand will be so huge that no gun and be single handedly can manage these demand and can produce even china states itself in a big cannot be the, the, the factory of the world, especially for these elements and so, and on the end of the, you know, the, the global warming claim, a chain disagreeable problem. so we have to solve it, and we have to find solutions globally on so, so this kind of elements produce all j. china can only meet the demand in europe or us, partially and, and china will still dorming lead the market in the sedimentary because to how built it on behalf all the capacity technology. ah, to do this on devin devin continue to drive this market in a, you know, in the near future when you got to talk to, you know, build montera from lavon in belgium, executive officer and sector general of the r e. i a, the global where as industry,

thank you. thank you. thank you so much. that is all so for this week, get in touch with us by squeezing me at molly inside and do use the hash tag ctc. when you do drop us an email, counting the coast and al jazeera dot net is address this movie online on al jazeera dot com slash ctc. that will take you straight to our page, which has individual reports, links, an entire episode being new to catch up on that is it for this edition off counting the goldstein. money site from the whole team. thanks for joining us. the news on al jazeera is next ah

and a small town in the rich valley with its breathtaking scenery and high altitude, a renowned athletics hob. here you'll find athletes known for middle and long distance running. many have worn numerous awards and gold medals. yet the runners continue to break record. dozens of them are being suspended from competition because of doping. kenya has been dealing with a rising use of performance enhancing drugs with yes, one of the most misuse drugs is prescribed for a naming patient. it's a job that increases the number of red blood cells which curry oxygen to the muscles. drugs like this one are easy, available in canada. all you need is cash and a good pharmacist. people talk to say it's a lucrative business. some of the athletes like come, go, go, pull our, our da suspension. say they just want to keep their heads low, continued training,

wait out their band and hope they can compete again. a $150000000.00 traits disappear every year into the clothing that we all wear from up cycling to save the forest. the famous yellow dress from blue jeans law, to conserving the world's dwindling wetlands. 3 of the worlds global bird migration white retrospect right where we are basically discovered a treasure chart is one of the most special that lands on the plan. and i for ice ecosystems alert on al jazeera, ah, rumbling about leopard z u foreign ministers, prussia, germany to let.