against cash, crop output has fallen so dramatically that it's no longer considered a leading coffee exporter. but many here are optimistic about the future. they may have an alert, the series in the harass regions considered one of the best for growing coffee. some of the winning samples in the 2022 national coffee auction were from this region. coffee is a multi $1000000000.00 industry, but yemen is missing out. farmers here hope things will turn around, not just for profits, but also a shot at preserving their most ancient of crops and a proud heritage, victoria gate, and be al jazeera, the launch of this space, eggs, cru, 6 mission has been cancelled because of a ground system issue, the rocket was g to carry 2 astronauts from russia and the u. e to the international space station. nasa says mission will be rescheduled. ah,

this is al jazeera, these, your top stories. is there any forces have deployed hundreds of additional soldiers to the occupied westbank in response to an escalation of violence to israeli settlers and one palestinian were killed on sunday. the u. s broke it talks in jordan, have been opposed by several palestinian factions. hammer says the meeting will only help his realm to cover up its crimes in the occupied territory will not change anything. palestinians. turkey has stepped up efforts to clear away rubble, 3 weeks after 2 devastating earthquakes. quitman, it's been sent to the affected areas of their concerns about people's health. theresa bo has more from gaussian type in southern turkey. the government is under a lot of pressure not only to clear the rubble to begin a rebuilding process, and to also assist the the hundreds of thousands of people that are leaving on 10th the outdoors. among other things,

it has also launched an investigation over 600 individuals or organizations that are also issued around a 100 and need the arrest warrants among property owners, directors of construction company. because one of the big issues caused by the earth. where is that brand new building that were supposed to to resist an earthquake did not, and there were completely destroyed. so those investigations are ongoing. these 61 people have died on to their boats sank off the coast of southern italy. 12 children are among them. officials say the boat travelled from turkey, u. k. e. lead is due to hold talks on monday to finalize a deal for northern on his post breaks at trading arrangements. normal non protocol requires a region to follow some e laws to avoid checks of the border with the republic, yvonne and, but some political groups say that this undermines the regions links to the rest of the u. k. i k,

they see headlines. niece continues here on al jazeera after up front, stay with us one year after rushes invasion of ukraine. what are the lessons learned? what i've learned is that in europe, we are a small continent, but we don't really know each other history. how worried on the future succeeds in ukraine will be an invasion of your country as stony as prime minister talks to, well just in 1971. a military analyst by the name of daniel ellsberg leaked to the press. a 7000 page top secret pentagon study, uncovering years of official lies about us military involvement in the vietnam war . the leak document known as the pentagon papers were instrumental in exposing the scope and strategy behind the u. s. war in the region. in many, at the time, believe that they could change how the world viewed war decades later as conflicts rage on and ukraine, you have been in the area just the name of the decision making process behind wars remains as murky. is that what we do know is that billions of dollars are spent on

weapons and defense contract every year, making conflict incredibly profitable for stuff that will benefit from war. and who are the biggest players behind the war machine and up front special daniel ellsberg, the u. ellsberg. thank you so much for joining me on upfront. thank you for having me. a large part of your life's work has been committed to not only raising awareness about the dangers of nuclear weapons, but also the money behind them. in 2020 is the pan demik raged the 9 nuclear weapon states collectively spent an estimated $72000000000.00 on nuclear weapons. and we're now living in a time when the danger of nuclear war, of course, have spiked. where does this leave? the movement for nuclear disarmament given how much money is that play and all of this, what was kept us from having any real effect on reducing the danger loopy war all

these years. that moment was quite effective in helping stock a above ground testing and even the underground testing eventually. but in other respects, it really hasn't been very effective. and i don't think the movement was as conscious as it should be of the money behind using the effect that had on congress . they reacted to. so it was just a question, what people want, which, which tool void nuclear war, or rob, ah, just political of strategic aspects of it is not needed. it's dangerous and so forth. that it came very little attention to the role of companies like owing lockheed gracie on general dynamics and job t, as if far they really want to factor. it's like talking about climate without talking about the exxon corporation or shell or chevron. and actually that is the weight climate is talked about pretty much,

we just don't fish fact. and we are facing a large flows of money directed at keeping the status quo, which is the status quo of extreme nuclear danger, especially in times of crisis like this. and of climate movement toward an abyss, basically the end of our current civilization, or creech, we shuffling with people around the world in talk about the threat of nuclear war in this abyss that we're headed toward. and that's certainly a piece of another piece of it. is war in armed conflict. it's taking place right now is plaguing multiple countries. you can see that ukraine, you got yemen, you got some malia, you got the ethiopian list, goes on. but behind wars like that are a weapons industry that you just alluded to that was worth $531000000000.00 worldwide in 2020. and as of this recording, while the basin of ukraine intensifies the stock prices of general dynamics like martin, as you mentioned, northrop grumman, arethia,

and they recently hit their 5 year hive. so as we talk about war, we also have several who benefits from war. can you help me unpack that a little bit? who's really benefited? is the old earth latins silken coolly, bono, who benefits are going all the way back when you can nameless, cool. we were last century world war one. the loans by j. p. morgan to the british for arms, for the british, it had to deal or even had lost the war to some extent, j. p. morgan would have gone bankrupt and wilson, our president, could not allow that to happen. that would have been a financial disaster. and that goes on from there on, in particular, whoa, whoa, who benefited from vietnam going on as long as it did? or if kind of stand right now, the war that were supporting in yemen through arms to saudi arabia and the new

e eyes keeping ej a truly genocidal war going on or enormous massacre. and i think with very little benefit except to the arms manufacturers. people asked, why do we learn from our failures in vietnam and afghanistan and elsewhere in the answer is, who has a lesson to learn? those wars were very profitable for the people you name for lucky raytheon, northrop grumman and the others are they have anything to learn. i'm afraid that right now, there's 2 major purposes that will keep the war. they can keep the war and ukraine going. as long as the war in afghanistan, not in the way that is being waged now. but by a kind of guerrilla, we're that we're supporting that we support, as we did against the soviets in afghanistan for 10 years. and he asked the ukrainian people would be ground to bits in the course of that as the afghans were . and yet it's very comfortable for the people who are supplying those weapons and

keep going. there is one other major motives that effects these things. in particular, in europe, and that is that higher us, roland europe, who are not after all a european nation. and we has no particular rule in a european union. but in nato that's as the mafia says. cosa nostra our thing. we control natal pretty much, and nato gives us an excuse generation to sell enormous amounts of arms to now to the formerly warsaw pact, nations which had only 2nd raid or obviously soviet weapons altogether from the moment that the berlin wall came down, lockheed representatives were in warsaw showing them on a need for f. 20 two's and for other weapons right there. against who as the russians are reasonably asked, actually, russia is an indispensable enemy in your. nothing else can rational is to say,

noble enemy that, that, that's that fascinating language. break that down for me, the, an indispensable. and what does that mean? it means that you can't really justify new trident submarines or i she be amg that northrop grumman is making a whole new life she be up against elan or isis or i l cater. ah, nature sto cutters. as rationale for multi 1000000000 now dollar arms budget. only russia has to targets any sophisticated arms to fight against. you don't need advanced 5th generation fighters against people who don't have any aircraft or fighters of their own, or sophisticated ones. but russia and now china. and for the future in particular, to offer noxious arrival or a competitor, but shown who could be painted as an enemy against whom you have to defend. and of

course, put now in the last shoe once has just been a bonanza for the armed people. because last you've made a russia look, an offensive, ah enemy of some kind. who has to be defended against, with the latest weapons, with new weapons. and of course, russia has its military industrial complex to maintenance fast. they remind me of the black arts poet, gills got herons that everybody loves peace. the problem is you can't make no money off of it. you know, in the past few months, more than 5600000000 dollars has been poured into ukraine in the form of military aid from the u. s. from the u. k. and from the e. u. we seen similar situations in the past when u. s. arms were used by libyan in syrian opposition groups, but what happens when those conflicts are over or seemingly over? oh, where did the weapons go?

it didn't go 1st. it's a long time before these contracts are over, as you know, in afghanistan, it went on for 20 years, and it could good much longer. in libya, what we did was supply a lot of weapons to people who in turn, sold them to other insurgencies and, and terrorist groups and others throughout africa and elsewhere. and of course, our efforts in afghanistan, armed in effect, against the soviets isis. or i'll should say al cater and then later isis. so he things have low back effects on heaping in mind. he didn't have these amps industries. that would be wrong to say they didn't invade ukraine. cooking did that . however, they, in their people, they were influencing and the government were willing to risk a war like this coming from their policies which were attract provocative in terms of making it likely that the russians, any russian leader would eventually react against it. however,

illegally trust. as we reacted when khrushchev put missiles in cuba, jewish retires in those missiles did not, in fact, threaten our security. and i say that as someone who was looking at precisely a problem in the pentagon, at that time working for his mcnamara said, hey, it's not a security problem, missiles into what? it's a political problem. political because when i want to nick, this is someone at this stage foreseeable, right? i mean after thing, what happens in syria would thing, what happens in libby or we as you've done, we could go back decade prior. the weapons end up in the hands of folk who as physically we wouldn't want to have them. and yet we continue either to fund them directly or by proxy. so i guess the question for me is, why do we allow it to happen in ultimately? what happens to these weapons? what kind of considerations given to what happens to these weapon when it comes to and who the we is that we're talking about?

it's not just, it's not essentially the taxpayers or the citizens who are, by the way, regrettably willing to see the deaths of others who don't look like us. ukraine is getting much more concerned about the casualties in the war crimes because it is not a brown muslims that are being victimized here by the russians in this case. but it's white christians and that they're like us and to see they're in such anguish and terror that creates a public pressure that i wasn't here before. but in all of these other cases, as i said, oh, what's the problem? we hear that matters. the ones that provide the large campaign contributions and it provides the personnel at high levels and these ranks benefit fine from them. there's no problem. i may not be very successful, but a failing war is just as profitable as

a winning one. in fact is simply better because it goes on forever. as you see, the winning is over tree with when you say the libby is, is the prime example i where and could sit to some extent afghanistan, where the weapons fanned out to other people. it provided opponents to an adversaries, but is that bad? multiple adversaries are also good for the military industrial complex, not only in our country in europe as well. it's not only american so. so these weapons, though it is mainly the lease of the see the french, the others, and the russians have big arms markets in the world, according to the individual policies that he had last year, the average american taxpayer gave about $2000.00 to the military with over $900.00 going to corporate military contractors. in contrast,

the average taxpayer contributed about $27.00 to the centers for disease control and prevention, and barely $5.00 to renewable energy. how do you advocate for peace when so much taxpayer money is going to will call it the 5th republicans in particular, are very resistant to spending on social welfare or of any kind for people or anything that in any way seems to compete with private industry. the one thing you can get republicans to budget money for is allegedly national security, even though almost none of these weapons actually add or even relevant to our national security. but they are relevant to making threats against russian. you need russia later, china will be a good enough militarily to serve that purpose of the necessary the indispensable

enemy. but now it was hard to keep the cold were going fully at full speed with rushes in enemy in the 90s. in the early part of the century. so now it's back and was back before the attack on russia. but now kootenai has fit into that in a way that i think was not unwelcome to our military industry. if they didn't actually wanted, i'm sure they could even count on russia actually invading another country like to have russia objecting and complaining and posing and threatening to invade, as he did a whole year ago with, with, with troops on the edge of ukraine and embarrass all that was good for business and it doesn't, by the way, it doesn't justify putin's aggression at all. he's did to have reason to

feel in the longer run, threatened russian security in terms of weapons so close to their borders, like the weapons in cuba. that we objected to. kennedy had no regiment reason for threatening to adventure on that. and russia has had no legitimate recently for grading craig, but time. nevertheless, we've pursued a policy that was warmed against, going back to the mid ninety's by george kennan, another c, founder of the cold war. and trish, who should issue an indescribable error blunder. mistake try to make an enemy out of russia by moving especially into ukraine of some of the u. s. as top spies and military generals with ties and defense contractors end up as intelligence analysts on various news channels when they retire. for example, former c, i a director john brennan became embassies senior national security and intelligence

analysts. as you say, connecticut when you're going to say, and former c i a director michael hayden became a national security analyst for c n n a. how much does this compromise what the public is told about war? what else? what that stake? well, it depends what you think the purpose functions that really is in times of war, in our military society. their function pretty much is to sell the public on the need for more weapons and the need to intervene in this country are media is ultimately controlled by major corporations like general electric ah, for a long time. and jo, many other conglomerates basically themselves recognize it consists of big business. and as i say, laurie's good business for the media and joe, for the administration, even when it's failing. so hoof sure. i'm answering your question. it's natural for

them to hire these people. if they're messages to get propaganda out, who better to do it than these military or the she a people, if you want, endless war, which in effect, the wish has wanted. so this something, what happens right? what happens when citizens are only told the truth about war after the wars are over, after the information is leaked after information is the classified. it seems like we only get this under extreme and unforeseeable circumstances when the people were trying to conceal it. so what does that mean for? well, the kinds of information that we needed to blood vietnam was represented by such as the pentagon papers, which was a study of vietnam decision making from 45 to 6768. i put that out 1st starting in 69 and then through the newspapers and 71. so that

was somewhat belated, but not too long. but i put on trial for a possible 115 years in prison. and so down quite a few people, i didn't see any other big leech like that. a for 39 years until chelsea manning put out hundreds of thousands of files on his canister and in iraq. and she spent 7 and a half years in prison. ed snowden, for his revelations, essential revelations of criminality. why the national security agency, the universal surveillance, not only in our country but around the world, but where it wasn't so illegal, but definitely in some constitution in america. and so essentially a lifetime exile. so these people and daniel hale revealed the drone program or they did what they should have done just as i think i did what i should have done. but everyone has paid a penalty. very heavy penalty nodded my chase nixon actually committed so

many crimes which happened amazingly, almost miraculously to become revealed towards the end of my trial that kept me from having to go to prison as he had intended with the others and say either exile or prison and that just purchase. you mentioned chelsea manning, he of course leaked information through wiki leaks and now it looks like we can found feeling a size is being extradited to the united states and weekly published of course classified information including document. it's both u. s. war crimes in iraq and afghanistan and publishers were integral, all the information that you liked about the vietnam war. so i'm curious from your perspective, what happens if that president that you spoke to is said that allows governments to dictate what can and can't be published? well, you from a clue this way. it threatens to create

a new as chris is not distinguishable from russia. today with julian, a sorry, ah extradited if he hasn't yet been expedited, but it was expedited and prosecuted, convicted here. we will have had the 1st instance of an actual journalist. i haven't been in prison for putting out the truth. i was the 1st source, former official to give information like that teacher was and i was put on trial for. but no journalist is ever been put on trial. thanks to our 1st amendment, friedman chris and treatment speech, which most countries don't have as a law or a, it will be essentially rescinded if julian massage has successfully prosecuted. and we will then approach the state control of information such as we're seeing in russia today. all of these cases of course, demonstrate the importance of exposing the truth about what's happening when it

comes to war in other matters. and of course, your leaking of the pentagon papers is a prime example of that. but today, we have an expansion, arise even of this information and it's hard to decipher what's true, what's not, what's fact, what's fiction? how important is it to have actual transparency when it comes to government actions and government decisions about war? i'm afraid that transparency and war are 2 words don't really go to each other. they don't exist together. in war time, the secrecy that the government carries on all the time about its own crimes and lies in misleading statements in bad predictions. reckless actions that secrecy is certainly legitimized in war because you have to keep it from an enemy. that's one of the senses in which i said at least, are indispensable, especially as

a long term, once in a, in a cold war, we have to keep things from russians altogether. so you don't, you don't get transparency. and when people do come out, there's 2 native, if they do get prosecutor when it's coming out of the sick, part of it, which is very dismaying, is nothing much happens. it may affect public opinion to some extent component. the thing doesn't try policy or whether a word can be ended or not. i hoped it would. in fact, in my case, nixon was so concerned that i might put out his secrets, which i did have, but i didn't have documents to prove it. but he thought i had documents in to shut me up. he did domestic crimes against an american me, which actually figured far more politically than the millions of other people we were killing in vietnam. but

a crime against an american counted more. unfortunately, when these things have come out, i have to say not much is change. so there's a problem with the audience, with the citizenry. you could say with our species. and i actually, i do say that our willingness to support unquestioningly a leader, especially when he or occasionally she can point to somebody threatening security. and she, us to set down public information about it in order to people go along with that pretty well. and when they find out it, not too many of our own soldiers are getting killed, as if canis, then they let it go on indefinitely, as chance them was 20 years. ukraine. i think if it, if it devolved down, if the russians came in, war didn't get out, which i don't expect them to, to wish, and others will be supporting a guerrilla war which could be as cost through to the ukrainians. as the guerrilla

war that the moves are deemed put up that we supplied against the soviets in afghanistan, that cost a 1000000 and a half afghan lives. and i would hate to see that imposed on the ukrainian people when under any circumstances. i've been through a war like that in vietnam. and i saw what we did to insurgents in the way a bomb pushed several 1000000 lives that has not yet been the price in afghanistan, no matter what, what we're hearing about or crimes which it will could be so and negotiated outcome in which concessions are made on both sides, however, unsatisfactory might look to many people on both sides could save hundreds of thousands to millions of lives. and i would like to see that happen. i don't think it will go, i don't think it will. wow. and on that,

so bring note i want to thank you for your time, daniel ellsberg. thank you for joining us on a thank you. all right, everybody, that is our show up front. we'll be back with ah and there is no channel that covers world use like we do. we, we visit places the state al jazeera, really invest in that. and that's a privilege. as a journalist, to ukrainian filmmakers joined the army to fight against russian separatists in 2014. they document their journey from civilians to soldiers.

as the fighting intensifies the tools of their trade become weapons of war what will be the toll for ukraine's brave hearts? witness on al jazeera. these survived, but no one here has been spared the anguish. their stories are excruciating to here, let alone live through. i lost my mother and brother in law. i had to carry his body from the 8th floor and my mother was dropped on the 1st floor. we follow 2 clinical psychologists with a turkish red crescent into this camp for displaced people. they listen well, hold hands with them, offer pats on the back and play games with children. sometimes just offering a blanket or a cup of coffee is comfort enough. in that moment the psychologist say in the

upheaval of the earthquakes aftermath, children are particularly vulnerable. the president of a turkish ride crescent says it's ability to provide mental health services to survivors is co humble, considering the enormous need required in the coming weeks, months and years. ah. ready ready israel's employees, hundreds of additional soldiers. this tensions rise in the occupied westbank, but to israeli settlers on one palestinian dead. aah! i'm on inside this valve there lie from doe also coming up. how to clean.