has temperatures down just a little bit and the facts good part of pakistan in the north. so the sandra turning is them about about $22.00 degrees in contrast, or she be $36.00 in karachi. ah, with still biding arriving here. fledging more. her weapons with detailed coverage more than a decade has killed all these many serious millions of them for latitude here looking for safety from around the world, limiting their powers require amendment to the constitution and the electron law with increasing number of governments getting elected. neither of us will have to wait longer or that the u. k. any, you have reached the agreement to break the deep, stale aid on trade and customs in northern ireland. the deal came nearly 7 years since britain voted to leave the blog. so it breaks it finally done. this is inside

story. ah hello, welcome to the program. i'm still robin, u. k, and e leaders have clenched a new deal for northern islands, trading arrangements solving one of the toughest challenges caused by breaks it. prime minister wishes to night calls it a decisive breakthrough and represents a new start for relations with the e. u. european commission president s live de lion says the deal will allow both sides to begin a new chapter. it comes nearly 7 years since britain voted to leave the e u before this northern ireland and the republic of ireland, which is part of the you shared the same trading rules. but the change caused a problem. how to avoid

a hard border in the sensitive region. disputes about the deal have prevented a government from forming in northern ireland. well, we'll get to our guests in a moment 1st, this report and jonah ho it's not often and you k e u relations that optimism winds the day. so this was a rare moment, a smile that said a deal had been done. today's agreement delivered, smooth flowing, trade within the whole united kingdom protect northern islands, place in our union. i'm safe called sovereignty for the people of northern ireland . the e use chief executive hailed a new honesty in the relationship and spoke of her pride in the so named winds of framework. updating the original northern ireland protocol that governs post breaks in trade between the u. k and the u. this new framework will allow us to begin a new chapter. it provides for long lasting solutions that both of us

a confident will work for all people and businesses in northern ireland. the deal provides for smooth trade between the u. k, mainland and northern ireland. eliminating most checks on basic food stuffs, plants and medicines, it said to safeguard the good friday peace agreement while upholding the sovereignty of northern ireland. allowing its devolved assembly a veto of a future rules decided by brussels. a so called storm on to break, but no deal can overcome the fundamental briggs. it contradiction that northern ireland remains in both the u. k and the e use single market for goods. and so the role of e u law, though diminished won't disappear entirely. there may be a deal breaker for northern ireland democratic unionist and the hard core of pro bricks it m p 's and the conservative party, both of whom the prime minister appealed to when he addressed parliament. later he does what many feds could not be done. removing thousands of pages of law

and making permanent legally binding changes to the protocol treaty itself. the prime minister has confirmed that a vote will take place inside the house of commons before this new deal can become a law. there's no chance of losing it. he's already been promised the support of the opposition labor party. what mister sooner will hope to avoid, however, is for yet another new divide to form inside the conservative party of the brakes. it breaks it was supposed to have been done at the end of 2020. in truth, it was never going to be done until the problem of northern ireland was done. the u . k and e. u. leaders are hoping it finally has been jonah, how al jazeera london richie snack should know not to be to soothed by this warm scented bath. the praise that he's been receiving since monday in westminster and a large part of the british press for his new deal with the european union. people

genuinely surprised by the depth and the scope of this deal and encouraged by this new atmosphere of co operation and dialogue with the european union where some of rich's c next predecessors had chosen a more competent, adversarial approach. but pretty soon that will you know that the real acid test for this deal is how it goes down here in northern ireland. and if you speak to people in the business community here, i think that generally encouraged, if you speak to people on the streets, i think many of them genuinely encouraged as well. but the main power broker here for this is the d. you pay the main unionist party, we pulled out the power sharing in the store want assembly more than a year ago in protest over the protocol. it is they have to be satisfied and they are not going to be rushed into passing judgment. they're going to go through it line by line as jeffrey donaldson, their leader said,

and make sure that when they come to this decision, it's the right one. and it's a consensus why then within the policy they will want to know that they steal basically safe guards. the northern islands constitutional positions within the united kingdom. and that the role of european law is kept as minimal as possible in northern ireland. and that trade is essentially unfettered. why does it matter? well, until the d u p. are content with this deal, they will not return to power sharing here at store months. and northern ireland will effectively remain without a function in government. and that is having a real impact on services like health and education, things that matter. perhaps more than the protocol, perhaps more than this when the framework to normal people in northern ireland where we challenge inside story in belfast. here's our the so called north mile protocol has been changed when the u. k. left the e. u. a customs border was drawn between all the island and the rest of the united

kingdom, which angered unionists. but now under the new window framework, goods will be separated into a green lane for items traveling to northern ireland and a red lane for those. moving into the e. u ah, let's bring in, i guess for this edition of inside story in london, we have jill rutter, a senior research fellow at u. k. in a changing europe. she's also a senior fellow at the institute for government and works on policy and breaks it in belfast. spine feeney, a historian, author, and a columnist with the irish news and in dublin decor back on professor at the school of law in government at dublin. city university is also author of the book from partition to break it. the irish government and northern ireland are all welcome to all of my guests, mister fini. can i come to you 1st? it seems an intractable problem may well have been solved. it does make you wonder why they didn't think of this before. well,

he didn't think of it before. the problem has been for the last 2 years, the british government under bars johnston and then for a short period live trust have been refusing to over it the protocol. and in fact, brought in legislation to try to remove the protocol, which would have put them in breach of international law. on the e, you had begun the infringement proceedings against the british government because of the attitude they've taken so that they the solution or, or what we believe is the solution was sitting there since about october 2021. but the british government, an under its prime minister, was refusing to take it. when richie should i came to par, he very quickly decided to reset the relationship with the you. i really

all the of this is of the government is on northern ireland. that's response on what this is about is resetting the case relationship with the you very much. and i'm sure we can move that in the days and weeks out. just like coming to you in london, something you've worked on, breaks that, you know, inside out from behind the scenes was the northern island issue and trade and the trade barriers and board is always a problem. wasn't always in the, the mindset of the british government from when the vote was taken back in 2016. what's your take on it? i think it's sir, as a game or 2 halls, you might say, i think it will probably wasn't sufficient in the mindset either. david cameron, the prime minister, who announced the referendum, nor during the campaign featured when john major and tony blair to prime ministers, you've done a lot to bring peace in northern ireland went to north on the said, i vote for brett's. it could cause problems, but it wasn't

a big issue in the campaign. and i think it really any turned on the british government quite late in the day, in to 2017, after they'd set off negotiation withdrawal agreement. this really was going to be a big problem. and the e u is very much going to side with the irish government and demanding a solution up front. but then when the irish issue, the northern ar she, she did take center stage, it became a huge big issue. it's effectively what caused the downfall of to resume when her back stop proposal failed to gain the consent of her year. a skeptic members of parliament, it triggered the advent of birth johnson. he then did this protocol deal, which richie sooner has been trying to make more workable to in order to allow the u. k. to exit the e. u at the end of in 2020. so it's been a long running subject, and it's been a thorn in

u. k. u relations ever since it really emerged as a really difficult issue to solve this issue of how to avoid a land border in the island of ireland while protecting the integrity of the eas single market, while also allowing northern ireland to remain part of the u. k. internal market, that's good to, to look at a buck owens opinion on this in dublin. obviously we'll get into the good friday agreement, little bit later in this conversation. that's what the whole board richie was about as well. but how to think dublin is reacting to the news of the last 24 hours. because doubling with very aware that the border between northern ireland and the republic would always be an issue even before the 2016 referendum and the and the way the partition muting this referendum was going to happen. they were on the ball one day with the you telling them this is going to be a problem. oh absolutely. i mean, during the breaks of referendum, the irish government were acutely aware of the negative ramifications that would

arise in what would be a transformational act if, if, if actually the united kingdom left the european union. i mean, ireland, in the united kingdom joined the european union together. they'd never be in a situation before where they were one was outside and one was inside. and despite their advice and petitioning the british government, they proceeded without really looking at the implications they didn't even really decide what kind of breaks that they wanted. it wasn't clear in 2016 whether they would, for example, leave a single marker, the customs union, all those things were decided after the decision was made to leave the united kingdom. and then of course it's, it was complicated further by the fact that the majority people in northern art and voters against bricks at boulder to stay in the european union. and that's something that sometimes lost in this debate because the d u p. get such attention . because of its opposition to your opinion on a deep the protocol. and of course many to changes that have come about as a result of disagreement. happy may to assuage the fears of the do you people for

remembering the g. p 21 percent of the vote in northern ireland during the most recent elections. brian fini. in belfast, i mean where do you see the process as is at the moment with prime minister soon? i'm heading to northern ireland in terms of the way that he's got to deal with the unionists now and the dare i say the power that they hold is that power that they hold well, it's very important for sure not to try to get the d u p on board to get them to support this thing. i mean, that is a good day to day people in britain elsewhere said would never happen. that the european union wouldn't agree. the problem for sure not as an, as the d u p. decide not to go back into the executive installment. then people are going to say, well, he did all this for nothing, and e u is also going to be in the position of saying, once again,

we've been in the go stations with the british government. we've done all this in good faith. we have stretched ourselves out at the end of the day. nothing has come of it. so there will be a much darker mood and brussels if the executive isn't up and running again. so we should not as try and very, very, very hard. so people say, oh, we're selling that the, to try to convince the d p to go back into and to start. because there's no executive and there's no local government. devote government here. then the whole place is likely to be stabilized. mr. back in dublin, you're agreeing in your agree with mr. phoenix in belfast? yeah, i mean there's out there. there is a lot of frustration and we don't you think that breaks it was voted upon 7 years ago. and i, since that time we've had 5 british prime ministers. and the european union has been negotiating with our british government at war with itself. and it's been the

same conservative party in government all the time, but such as the factionalism within the conservative party that sometimes when a new prime minister comes into power in britain is almost like it's a new change of government. and you have to remember that the european unionist, 27 countries, each of them a democracy, sometimes coalition governments, sometimes they have to take regional governments into account and they, every time the agreement was signed, you know, more or less stuck to the agreement. but no sooner wasn't agreement signed before whether it was with morris johnson or, or which reason may the british government imploded and found that it couldn't implement or stick with the agreement that it had signed. and sometimes it was being disowned as in the case of ours, johnson, he moralist, is on the agreement that he's signed in 2019. thus the attempts to move away from the protocol. so i think from the european union's perspective, they are very much hoping that this is the beginning of the ends because of course, the relationship will still evolve. i mean, breaks, it really hasn't even taken at ruesch just yet. i mean,

this is just about laying down the framework of what the relationship will be going forward other than the mood music was very good yesterday. and there was our sort of underlying, was describing soon as dear, dear issue with that that, that could change quickly if disagreement is not not to follow through it here in the united kingdom, this was going to bring you in from london because either as a naka said, you know, it's all about the mood and the murmurings that come because for northern ireland and for the government in westminster, it has to think about a whole load of things, isn't it? you know, not knowledge integrity. it's relationship with the e. u. issues of nationalism and republicanism or people, or do they feel a british or did they feel that they're irish? they have to take that into consideration when they're dealing with parties. i'm with the public in north light. i mean, since in your position dealing with government ministers at that time, what's your opinion about how the difficult road the government has to now tread to try and make sure this agreement works properly? so i think it's very interesting,

i think actually are slightly disagree with your other contributors. i think a to challenge jewish is to knock one, which i think is the really big one for the e. u. in many ways is, can he actually get his party to buy this agreement so he doesn't have to go back. try to reopen it, or indeed be pressurized to proceed with an order on protocol bill. he agreed to drop it, it could always be resurrected. so i think from the used point of view is do they finally have a british government that is prepared to do a deal? can sketch it through parliament? i manage it politically and then move to implementation. the 2nd big sort of domestic issue is can, can he persuade the d u p at 1st of all, to acquiesce in this agreement than ever going to embrace it with open arms. but will they regard it at some point in the not too distant future as providing the basis for resurrecting the power sharing institution. so i think there's the to

test that he needs to apply. but one of the big problems along i think with the union is community is yes, they do. p campaigned for brett's it. are the unionist parties didn't campaign spreads the d. p. did. but they never really address the issue of how the border would work. post brack says, i don't think they could expected brett's it to when most people didn't in the u. k . establishment. i know they never really had came up with that in the thinking that was done in ireland was never really replicated pre referendum in the u. k. but there was definitely a feeling during the brett's it negotiations that the nationalist voice had very good expressions through the actions of the government of our and, and at 3 the european union reflecting those concerns. whereas the unionist voice was subjugated if you liked the wider concerns of the u. k. government determined to secure the sort of brett's it. it won't ted allowing a hard breaks it with

a lot of divergence. and basically at the end of the day when push came to shove, maurice johnson sacrificed the unionist interest in the interests of the sort of brexton that he felt he had to deliver for the conservative party mythical, bring you in in belfast, were quite sure whether you were shaking your head in agreement or disagreement there, but also, you know, i just wanted to spring in that, do you piece they, they going to look at this agreement and go through with a fine tooth comb. so, you know, george could just come in with their thoughts. yeah, i mean, 1st of all the do you pay us position wasn't subjugated by the british government. the unionists supported the hardest line. in fact, the deputy leader in westminster nigel dogs was a member of what was on the board for the vote leave. so they wanted a hard border. i'm and they voted for the hardest bricks. it, and they're the authors of their own misfortune. ah no,

they are going to have to take a big decision whether or not to accept this agreement. and there's another issue isn't just accepting the long term. there are local government elections on the 18th of may in northern ireland. and the d. p is quite concerned that they may be severely criticized by a hard line party called the traditional unionist voice who are pulling out about 7 percent at the moment. and that means the d u p. who will lose votes to them. the last 50000 votes last year and the assembly elections to the t u v. they may lose console saints as well. so they have to decide, do they jump before the consul elections? or do they provide kit until afterwards on the side to accept? if they don't, they are going to be isolated because this dale is going to pass through westminster. it's going to get a big majority. let me, let me just jump in that is because it is because a coffee, the labor party,

a consent that going to support the government. i know that 10 o'clock in dublin is a green, but let me just ask you for that very brief answer. then from belfast, as you add to this, you talk about elections a may, a your sense on the ground of people in north an island. they haven't had a functioning government for some time now that seem politicians take the salary, but not do the job that they were actually voted in to do good. this will back fire on the politicians that have actually, you might say in a step that the foot in the door and not allowed, not allow the door to be shut properly on this deal. it certainly could back far. i mean, there is a huge crisis in house. there's the longest waiting lists in britain and ireland here, the shortage of money in education. and there is no, there is a 500000000 times black hole in the budget in the north of ireland. and the d u p are being planned by business or not getting back in business before the day. so

there are big decisions for jeffrey donaldson to make. and the next few days, they're having a meeting on saturday to try to decide what line they will take. but it's just a matter of where he's going to have to decide. do they go in, in the short term, or in the long term? or do they simply stay are which kids are going to be isolated? okay, let me begin mr. back on to in dublin, obviously, you know, you don't just come to these agreements overnight. there's a lot of negotiations even behind the scenes. and i was wondering from your take, how much input has that been from dublin through the e u to bring the u. k. and, and mr. soon acts ideas to fruition to what, to the point that we're at now? well, the irish government has a vested interest in finding the closest possible relationship between united kingdom and, and the european union is certainly in our interest as the only frontier between the european union and, and the united kingdom. we are default line as

a war. i just want to address briefly the point about about the union is position not being paired during the negotiations. it's worth remembering that the u. p. held the balance of power in westminster during trees. amazing administration between 20172019. and indeed, the reason may have to humiliatingly withdraw from an agreement which he had already entered into because the d u p. leaders and said it wasn't hard enough from their perspective. so there's no question that the union is perspective was an integral part of the british governments to go see if you position. but it's brian pointed out in a way they have become the victim of their own success and getting the kind of breakfast that they campaigned for. and it's, it's kind of a utopian practitioner, it's an ideological one. it's not one that serves the interests economically. north nines, and indeed, what has been trying to happen now with this agreement is to salvage what can be done. because it breaks breaks of which is generally considered to be an octave economic south harm. there is an opportunity here for north and orange and richey,

put the point to people in belfast today to business people today. because being within the u. k. single market being within the u. e. using the market, it don't have a privilege position. and so next said that it perhaps was the best economic zone in the world. now, perhaps again, he's over selling point. yeah. let me just come back to jill, what's up? because, you know, we talked about, but unity in terms of opportunities. you know, some people say that sooner cause play to master stroke here even to his cabinet members who are broad breakfast, he is the secretary said no nyland and also one of the ministers, chris eaten harris and steve baker. part of the g group. hard wing right wing past the conservative party that you know, was the hard breck that they want. she said disagreements. ok, i'm just wondering about what the status is of the hard right and the conservative party, if these 2 individuals are reflective of the right wing and, and the e r g, or there's a spectrum the party there. so one of the big debates is how powerful is the

e r g hard line? now we so reduce to around 20 people voted against resumes deal the 3rd time and people are right. of course a d. p misjudged thing terribly. they rejected res. amazed deal, which was trying to help them help reconcile this dilemma. but then they were comprehend to be thrown under bus by virus johnson. when he signed up to the protocol, they just like so much. but coming back to this, we don't know yet. it's clearly a huge win for richie through. not that he's manage is through with no resignations from his cabinet. quite all the people were on resignation. watch that steve bacon . christina harris have support to the deal and yesterday in parliament was a very, very different mood to earlier discussions on direct. we've heard when to read may presented her back stop to parliament. it took well over an hour, i think for any other conservative but spoken favor of it yet today. quite know the

blue being big figures in the boat leave campaign, we're loading where she's tonight for the deal with his landed. that said, these are the e o g o trips have said that they want to take time to study the deal that convening what they call that star chamber of roy is to go through the massive documents that were published yesterday with a fine tooth comb and they will find things in it, they don't like they will find that the prime minister has slightly over. so some of the games. and if you don't want to deal, then you will find reasons not to like this. but if you think that basically you only get a good solid relationship with the you going forward and bring stability, know about and by having some sort negotiated settlement, then you probably reckon that this is pretty, pretty well as good as it's gonna get. well, let me jump in there with brian fini in dublin in belfast cuz couldn't very close the end of the program because i did mention we talk about the soft and hot border between norton island and the republic. and of course, the good friday agreement revolves around predominantly the border between the

north and the south. and president biden has always said that the good friday agreement is untouchable. you have to keep it in place and wishes to not knows if he can agree with all the parties involved that they can have a workable solution to the in tactical, intractable problem of northern island. it could open the door to washington in that trade deal. it soon not good. like with the united states, i was wondering whether this is the opportunity that soon is looking for that the long term vision and that would help load nyland as well. ah, well yes, this really is of but resetting the u. k. e, u and u. k. u s relations. joe biden has already endorsed this agreement. i registered i in fact promised to buy that the g 7 summit and bali in november that he would have a day before the 25th anniversary of the good friday. and favorite average is

coming up in april. so it's, it's more than just about northern ireland that it was interesting ah, a yesterday that are sort of under lion, i immediately offered the u. k. access to the use horizon program for research and innovation, which is 95500000 euro over the next 5 years. so as i say it's, it's important that this gets up and running, but it's about the e u, u k, a u. s. relationship big reset after 2 or 3 really bad years. we shall see how quickly the old does get resets, unfortunate that we have to leave that. let's thank all of my guests, jill, what brian fini. and danica back. thank you so much for joining us on this edition of inside story. and you can see the program again any time by visiting our website at al jazeera dot com and the further discussion go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com. forward slash ha inside story. you close to join the conversation

on twitter handle that is at a j inside story. for me. so rahman and the entire team here in dover. thank you very much for your time and your company. ah aah. from the al jazeera london broadcast center to people in thoughtful conversation, the struggles that we see in the global south have come, not because of our help, but because of the harm of the global north with no host and no limitation. that's the story of climate change. it's not that we're all in it together. the people with the most impacted in the 1st impacted or in the global. i left always how it

is pub to as your baba. and i said, raymond, fast fashion should be actually regulated, just like cigarettes, studio b unscripted on al jazeera in 543, q one, a fraud takes on the big issues. this isn't one off. he's talking about a systemic issue here. black gloves don't really matter in the police were unflinching questions is war with lawanda, imminent rigorous debate? people who are dying because of lack of medical treatment, challenging conventional wisdom. the fact that people are starting to get angry about this is in itself a sign of progress. join me, mark him on hill for what al jazeera. ah, well, i'm fully battle in doha with lookout amin stories on al jazeera nigeria is new president elect ball actionable is defending the integrity of the vote after the main opposition party. he said it was.