over time with computers are good at measure and dr. seeing human gets bigger or smaller be treatment. patients responding or not to nitric fire change of treatments. doctor say these tools will compliment humans in the clinic, not replace them. because at the end of the day, there are tools and they will make was they currently are not perfect. they make mistakes. so you do need that expert radiologists to, to make that final decision. and that means doctors could potentially work faster and identify risks more accurately, to improve health outcomes for patients. with growing numbers of loggerhead fee turtles or nist thing and laying eggs on western mediterranean beaches. scientists say the phenomenon could be climate change causing habitat expansion by threaten species. marine biologist from france, as least by an incentives he had discovered more near so many beaches in the past decades. ah,

this is al jazeera and these are the top stories. the sour israeli forces have soon to lock them off for a 2nd time on wednesday, firing rubber bullets on palestinian worshippers. according to the palestinian rid crisen, at least 6 people were injured in the latest rise, the tennessee name isn't occupied east jerusalem. she explains what led to the latest violence. what we saw happening today was not in any way a surprise for those of us who have covered this issue extensively. on tuesday, there were calls on social media by hamas and others urging palestinians to go to l ox, a mosque, and quote, defend it from the occupiers. and the reason that this call had gone was going out is because a wednesday is pass over for jews and there was expected during visiting hours for

non muslims to be a greater number perhaps of jews visiting the l. oxer compound. china has condemned a meeting between ty, one's present, sighing when and you as hell speak. kevin mccarthy in california. it's the 1st meeting of its kind on american soil since the u. s. ended its official relationship with taiwan and 1979. mccarthy says the purpose of the meeting was not to escalate tensions with china, which views taiwan as part of its territory. frances president says china could play a key role and paste negotiations between russia and ukraine. menu, i'm a chrome is on a 3 day site visit to beijing where he is currently holding talks with chinese premier lee chung a chrome will made prisoner shooting ping lighter. on thursday, the nato secretary general said it would be a historic mistake for china to provide weapons to russia. gen suttonberg said any such move would have profound implications. china's ties with russia. but on the agenda on of day 2 of the night,

her foreign ministers meeting and brussels and me wild you kinds presidents is his troops could pull out of the besieged eastern city of buck most if they risked being cut off by russian troops. well, those are the lines, the news continues after the stream up next. there is no channel that cover is world use like we do as a roaming correspondent. i am constantly on the go covering topics from politics. the conflict is environmental issue. the scale of this camp is like nothing you've ever seen carry. so what we want to know, how did these things affect people? we revisit places and stay even when they're no international headlines. al jazeera, really invest in that. and that's a privilege as a journalist with a welcome to the stream. i'm josh rushing. time is running out to save several

major lakes across the world that are risk of drawing up the crisis to so urgent that scientists warned that some could disappear. well, in just a few years now that was spelled disaster for communities and wild life. so today we look at 3 lakes that are rapidly shrinking and ask what action is needed to guarantee their future. ah. so to examine this emergency, we're joined by al am. archie is an assistant professor at oklahoma state university and it's been looking at the shrinking like an iran named like irma. he's in the u. s. city of stillwater, oklahoma. in salt lake city, we have currently beetle. she's a coordinator at the great salt lake institute has examined how wild life has been affected by the erosion of utah, great salt lake and in television, israel we have yeah l hero. she is a assistant professor at the wiseman institute of science in his research, the dead sea in the jordan riff valley. hello to everyone. carly,

let's start off with you because the great salt lake has been in the news here recently. can you tell us what's going on with it? yeah, so great salt lake is like you're saying one of those like that are shrinking. and we're expecting that there's the ecosystem collapse within the next 5 years. but what's wild is this is not been, this is not a new problem. it's been going on for years and years and years, but it's something that is just on people's radar. and so it's, there's a lot of action that we're hoping to happen to get this lake to not be small. and you know, the lake is going down, but even just a couple of inches with the lake elevation will change the ecosystem drastically. so it's kind of a day by day thing that we're monitoring, that when you say ecosystem collapse, what would that look like there?

yeah, so what's interesting about great salt lake is there's, it's a small ecosystem where there's, there's not a ton of things that are at the lake themselves, but the lake has about 10. a 1000000 birds that come to it every year for their migration stop. and so if there isn't these brine, shrimp, or these brian flies, these tiny little organisms in the lake, then the birds would not be able to use the lake for their migration. and again, we're talking millions and millions of birds that use this place. so in terms of the ecosystem, if it can't hold all of these animals, then they just, they just won't be there anymore. alice, what's going on with liquor? mia? well, baker mia? like charlie was talking about the ecosystem collapse of the great salt lake lake room. he has already experienced that phase to large extent. and this is a lake that's a home to brine shrimp, our team year,

which is the only places this rip is found. and then a migratory birds feed off of it. and this lake has basically pretty much disappeared at this point. and we're talking about a major lake, you know, by some accounts, the 2nd largest sally lake in the world. and so it's not like a mud puddle. it's about the size of the stadium, state of delaware in the u. s. or half the size of katara for those who wanna uh, put the sizes in perspective. and this whole ecosystem is as disappearing. and as of the, of the lake that you know, could, could attract a lot of, you know, people to visit for tourism and other activities is turning into a, a threat as opposed to providing ecosystem services. it's supposed to, well speaking a tours of the dead sea ah, tracks a lot of tourism and, and has for probably centuries of not longer yell what, what's happening there now. so the density lake level is dropping for the

past decade in a rate of more than one meter per year. so this is a very fast lake level drop and it is affecting mainly the top one of the major industries that are affected by this is the reason around the dead sea because the char is going away. and in order to have any kind of commercial beach over there, you need to maintain a road. and as you can see here, and when the video videos, the lake level drop is causing the formation of being called, which doesn't turn out anything, any tourism along the shore at this stage because it is dangerous. so i know we have a long history of the dead sea. has it ever gone through this kind of contraction

before? yes, so there were some times that were very dry in this region that the lake level was even lower than what it is today. 10000 years ago and about 120000 years ago. but it never got in this in this rate. so what we are seeing now is a very fast lake level job that is affected by the human activity and the which is a fan of the different water resources that used to flow into the lake. and and also the lack of a job is contributed by the different k potash industry that are pumping the bryan out of the lake. yeah, i got it. you mentioned that because my initial assumption on this was climate change. but in each one of these lakes, as i looked into it, that didn't seem to be the main culprit. what's happening there in utah?

carly with, with the like, why is it dropping? yeah, you're totally right. and it's interesting because, you know, climate change, utah, we live in a super dry place, the drought, it doesn't help, but really a lot of the water that should be going to the lake is getting diverted to agriculture, to communities, to lots of different places. so all of the rivers that should be flowing into great lakes are going elsewhere and it was at the same situation like this is things that could have been changed. busy well there is there a remarkable similarities would be the great salt lake in a lake roomier. not only about the major causes of the lake system collapse of, you know, that the 2 lakes are, are very similar in nature about the depth, you know, the, the watershed, you know, they're drainage basin, their elevation and everything. and just like in the case of the great salt salt lake. busy in lake rubia, we have been dealt with

a large number of dam construction projects in rapid agricultural expansion projects, and poor water management that has choked this river of up and deprived of the water it needs to survive. because this is essentially a terminal lake. so it's like your ball of surreal that. busy use in the morning so if you don't. busy keep feeding the lake with water. evaporation is going to counter a that all the water that comes in and you start losing lake volume and lake area. this is exactly what happened in lake were mia and a there has been agricultural demand that's been growing and there is a widening gap between water supply and demand. and so base in the basin is essentially water bankrupt. so we have exceeded the hydrologic carrying capacity of the base and to support those human activities and also sustain and maintain this. great. so um the ecosystem and the lake in with all the services that it provides.

so i'll alley are you, are we at a tipping point with like our me that it's can't go back or him we, we have practically reached out tipping point. but again, this is a system that in geological timescales has survived. so we have be let the system work as it would naturally so that the lake can accumulate the water that it needs . and it can, it can come back up and, and that if, if you're able, that's a very big if, because of all these human activities and, and all the economic activities surrounding the how the water was diverted and the new agricultural activities that are being supported by that but by that water, but if we manage to get the water back into the leg, the lake can come back. maybe, you know, in a gradual state and not, not over, not, not within the next a couple of years but, but eventually there, there is hope. so we're not completely giving up on the future of this lake and they're actually have been major lakes that had disappeared. impact there was one down in bolivia,

lake popo let me check this out. we'll shoes and the people have been left without lands. we trusted in lake proposed school. our parents trusted in the lake that it would stay forever. but it didn't. the lake trite up all of a sudden and left us without a job. we're doing visit been day, get up a word of funds. we have been orphans, we have no jobs or sources of employment. where to we go, where do we find the job? we've been forced to become prickly as day laborers or to hurt capital for other people. it hasn't been easy to read those, but oh yeah. what's the timeline on the dead sea there? how many years are you looking at? if it keeps going at this rate? so we still have time in order to save it because i like the other 2 lakes that we're discussing here. the, the dead sea lake is about 300 meters deep. so

we still have some, some way to go before it is completely and dried dried up. so we have at least a century and probably much more than that that the pants on how fast the industry will pump the brine. and if more special water resources will be used by the people leaving around the lake. so, but it's the same, the same issue as i said before. it's all a matter of balance between the fresh water resources that used to flow into the lake and the evaporation. but if you are a capital to somehow have a decision or a plan that is made international, a national level to say,

be these lakes and you can bring some of the water back, then you can stabilize the lakes on on a scale the lake level and carly, the great salt lake, it's not as deep as the dead sea right. you, you recently went out there and we have some photos you share with us. we kind of walk us through what we're looking at. i'm going to share these photos with, from my computer here. what are we looking at? yeah, so these are microbial lights and these should be under water. when they're healthy, they are. they kind of look like, like, turf, like astro turf. it's as green and philosophy mat full of life. and so you know what, one of our students were trying to find that life there, but it's just, it's just not there right now. and so again, all of that should be under water. so for us, you know, again, just a couple of inches, we could be such a big issue and it's interesting to hear. yeah,

i'll talk about the timeline for the dead be because that are great thought like was where, you know, we were trying to push the issue of drawing it's drawing help, help help. but then, you know, now that we're at just a couple of years now that it's like a bigger issue. but i had no way that it was being talked about in this way. 10 plus years ago. and you know, i think one is about brine shrimp. maybe people don't bind it as compelling. but we're talking about a lot more than just bryan. sure. actually this is kevin perry. he's a professor of atmospheric scientist at the university of utah. as the lakers receded, it has exposed more than 800 square miles of lake bed. and just to put that into perspective 800 square miles is about the same surface area as the island of maui in hawaii. and this exposed lake bed. when the, when the strong and the lake bed is dry,

it lists dust off of this lake bed and pushes that into the surrounding communities . if you breathe, that dust over an extended period of time like decades are longer than it can lead to increases in different types of cancer like lung cancer, bladder cancer, cardiovascular, disease, diabetes, and such. so when you start to your health concerns like that for humans, has that elevated the concern of the health of the lake there and salt lake city? absolutely. you know, i talk about the brine fly and they're large but not doing well. and i'm like, see the flies, they've the flies and you know, people nod but it, it doesn't really strike them. but anytime you talk about somebody's own health in their community, it's that it's dire which it is. and that's what we want it. but once you know, once it becomes a problem to me, what's to become problem to my family, back when people start to care. so, you know, we're happy that it's something that is being talked about and there's more changes

that are happening. and there is, there's more to it than, than just the dust as well with that ecosystem as a, as a scientist. that's what a biologist, that's what i'm mostly concerned about. but now is there, is there a movement in iran to try to reverse the course? would like or mia well. busy allegra me as a shrinkage was literally a and more moments of awakening in, in iran, environmental activism like people are paying a lot of attention to the, to the fate of this lake. and people actually care more about the environmental issues in general because, you know, the media is covering the issues more and of course, you know, for a long time just touching the issue of the major cause of, of these, this lake and. busy away i, you know, there was confusion about the major cause, you know, was it is a climate driven, is it something that we're doing to mess up the system and for a long time and then the predominant narrative was that, you know,

climate change is responsible for this like that disappearing and, but we've, we've done our analyses, you know, the water water balance analysis and, and we've done computer simulations removing all the dams that were built on in this space. and we have shown that if you, if you, these dams where it belt and numbers, they are a. busy you know, the lake would have survived there, would it would never fall below the ecological threshold that's been designated. busy for it, although it would have the, the natural fluctuations of drought hits and in fact, you know, there are, there's evidence from other lakes around the. busy world, there are similar legs in other countries that they're not only not declined, but they have actually gained some area and, and that's the very good evidence to show that, you know, we really have to revisit how we're managing these lakes. if we are serious about keeping them for, for us and for future generations to enjoy them as well. are those dams for

producing power or for creating other lakes? but predominantly, they're, they're built to supply irrigation, water and, and with that have come, you know, a change in propping pattern. so there is more water hungry crops and you know, whenever you'll. busy the dam planned for some plan for it to support some activities and of course those demands form around it. so basically you're overloading a basin, you know, with the dim with the new demand that you create to the point that he can, we can artificially create this water bankrupt system. and at that point, things become very difficult to manage. we're seeing that unfolded lake room. yeah . mason, so you know, it strikes me the other 2 lakes in question here. there are easier political solutions than perhaps in dealing in the area of the world you're in. can you talk about some of the politics around trying to save the, the dead sea or at least change the courses on?

so the water resources into the dead sea are between jarred and palestine and he's now so and he, i and this is a region that is very stressed in terms in terms of fan and in terms of water resources, it's relatively dry and that population is crowded so every drop of water that is flowing in the jordan river, if someone needs it and need to use it. so any as so if you will be able to have any decision on a national or any agreement between these different states, you will need to add very in collaboration and agreement that to let the water flow into the jordan river and then flow into into the dead sea

and, and then you probably know this region had political issues that are not only that the water issues in this weekend. so it is definitely complicated. sure. we're looking at are you tube audience? and there's a lot of talk about recycled water. sounds like a brilliant idea to me as ivr are ed mohammad new c says recycled water is not a new concept. it's part of water conservation. we have a video comment from a water conservation is named man's or why and when do who is in cashmere? check us out. you know what a beautiful cache we were surrounded by taking rules of mountains and valleys. unfortunately, the beauty of plants and water parties for last t ticket southern shambles. this time for united efforts to sue people to spot, the suspicion is must,

we need to bring consciousness as fast in our behavior toward someone in a way to make my dream is to see the golden fishes don't assist. taking shut up, i said my going to port back in deep water waters and reference this. and carly, we have another video comment. this is from a journalist, the navajo times named allister lea a bit so that i want to share and get you to come and afterward around efforts to prevent the great inclusion of indigenous leases and how to make a link is an incest body of water to the people which is where i'm from, the navajo nation or the you are the goose, you are the show, any people. and i feel like the conversation from what i've been gathering in the community here is that and those conversations need to be amplified and centered. because without all preventing the lake from going from ecological class,

we need to be at the table. so listen here, the community 2, currently she was saying basically that he feels like the indigenous people are at the table. the tribes, you mentioned the youth that shown a, the navajo is that the case, what's happening there? yeah, i mean, i agree we have, we have contact with those tribes, but it is, it is a missing piece of the puzzle for sure. and i know that with some like tech team for different committees that are run through state agencies, we've been pushing to get those indigenous voices to be a part of those groups which they're not right now. so, i mean, i don't, i don't have the solution because it, there's so many factors, but i completely agree that there is, is a missing piece. and a hole in this, in this puzzle. and it's a community that needs to be be on the table like alistair, with thing. so i know that there's some things in place to get that ball rolling,

but nowhere near we need to be right now. alec, you talk to us about some recommendations for solutions. well, one of the recommendations was brought up by one of the viewers, you know, it's, it's essential to, ah, you know, not use a water as a disposable product. you know, in other words, we need to treat the waste water and make sure it gets to delay, you know, in anything that can help us increase the salt water supply into the leg is going to be a major part of the solution. and another obvious piece is reducing water consumption in agricultural areas, you know, with using better irrigation technology, higher efficiency irrigation technology, and also making sure that the water savings there actually are used to revive the lake and, and not going to new agricultural land expansion and create you know, contributing to increasing consumptive water use in the, in the basin and so,

and bought the bottom line is we have to recognize the rights of these lakes. and, you know, the environmental rights of these lakes is as, as a user of water. and as important social ecological systems and make sure that they get the water they need. why and then let me just think, oh yeah, yeah, i just want to know like how do you tell people that this actually matters that it's important? like what's the big, why well you know. busy that the, the public health aspect as a major deal and in the last economic opportunities that the tourism that's gone, that's a big deal. and, and people, you know, that these lakes have important importance is in, in, in the pop culture. you know in the, in the, you know, the, the. busy people have created memories around these lakes and in but, but essentially, you know, this is a sign of how, how well you can manage a. busy busy natural resource and, and it's a perfect perfect indication of

a collapsing water governance structure. of course, in the case of that c, things are a lot more complicated because we have, you have the trans boundary element in and then the conflicts and everything. but you know, we're talking about in the case, the great salt, salt lake or lake or mia. these are, you know, close. they're all that these bases. busy are located within the jurisdiction of one single country. i mean, of course, you know, the, the water governance can be, have hazard or there's a, there are many, many different agencies involved. but historically, stakeholders have not been engaged in how the development path was, was being envisioned. and in the case a lake were mia. you know, there was an obviously water dependent path that. busy you know took this lake away from all. busy busy people in that region who cared about it and, and other people that, that sought value in wanting to visit an in far away cities that didn't want. they didn't want up to don't wanna deal with the da storms and the health effects of it

. so i mean there, there is a lot of good intention to and reason to, to want to. busy revive these at? no, that's a compelling argument ally, i want to thank you and yell and currently for being on the show today. and then one of the most important things we've heard here about these lakes that are disappearing is it can be changed in it's actually man made issue. so if we just use the water little more smartly, we can actually have maybe a different future on this. so look, that's all we have for today. i want to thank you for watching it does your joint on youtube, those who are watching out there english right now, you can always find us extreme dot al jazeera dot com, and we'll see you next time. ah, i'm with

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