to health care is so poor and is what affects the people here. and then those are believes given that this they had to rec, area seems to be cut of they have their own criteria and believes. and so they prefer to use traditional medicine before coming today. i hospital and most of them come with complications already. i have a qualified team of a coworker who really fully trained. i have of that may clinic officers. i have a felon. make nurses a, have the attendant to have it off, they'll make equipment technician so that kind of, tim is willis pilot specialist than i care. and those are the people i work with. you know what it means actually to see. so the impact of our say here is actually that the next day for patients for a vendor going to say or is it seminars gone, been bland for 5 years, and then you work on them. and the next day they can see, and for that that is the kind of impact with the, the independent, someone comes, you know, and they're being guided by a child or some of that and then,

and then now they can work on their own. ah, i, let's take you through, saw the headlines here al jazeera, now french president, demario mcroy is waiting chinese county art shooting thing and aging president. she says, relations between china and france have maintained a positive and steady momentum. will be joined later by ear commission presumed us over on the line for further talks. she's on her 1st visit to china since taking office 4 years ago. ahead of her visit. she had said, china's position on the war in ukraine will determine future relations with bridging going forward. our senior asia correspondent rob mcbride is more. this is a european show of unity, the 2 of them visiting beijing together. micron is already started his bilateral.

now with c, g and paying was given the red carpet treatment in chiana and square meeting. she didn't pink in front of the great hall of the people in that crowd. of course has been one of the more conciliate tree voices amongst nato leaders. the china has suggested a possible roadmap for trying to broker some kind of peace between russia and ukraine. now while those meetings are happening in beijing, china send in a graph carry on war ships and wants is around taiwan for patrol taiwan defense minister says the timing of the operation is suspicious and the governor's lodge, the strong protest against the move israeli forces have stormed along some off for a 2nd night in a row, there are fears, tensions will spill into further violence during ramadan and the jewish holiday of passover, saudi arabia and iran of agreed to resume flights between the 2 countries and facilitate visas for citizens. it follows the meeting between saudi and iranian

foreign ministers in bay jing those headlines. the news continues here now just 0 after the stream 25 years after the good friday agreement ended decades of violence in northern ireland, u. s. president j fight, and if to month the end, the vets me with a visit to ireland, algebra, examine fi agreements, legacy from the impact on people's everyday life to political power sharing installment and have regulated foraging new realities. todd, a welcome to the stream. i'm josh rushing. time is running out to save several major lakes across the world that are risk of drawing up the crisis to so urgent that scientists warned that some could disappear. well in just

a few years. that was spelled disaster for communities and wild life. so today we look at 3 lakes that are rapidly shrinking and ask what action is needed to guarantee their future. ah. so to examine this emergency, we're joined by al am. archie is an assistant professor at oklahoma state university and it's been looking at the shrinking lake in iran, in lake erma. he's in the u. s. city of stillwater, oklahoma. in salt lake city, we have currently beetle. she's a coordinator at the great salt lake institute has examined how wild life has been affected by the erosion of utah, great salt lake and in television, israel we have yeah. l kiro. she is a assistant professor at the wiseman institute of science in his research. the dead sea in the jordan riff valley. hello to everyone. carly, let's start off with you because the great salt lake has been in the news here recently. can you tell us what's going on with it?

yeah, so great coat lake is like you're saying one of those like that are shrinking and we're expecting that there's the ecosystem collapse within the next 5 years. but with while does this is not been, this is not a new problem. it's been going on for years and years and years, but it's something that is just on people's radar. and so it's, there's a lot of action that we're hoping to happen to get this lake to not be so small. and you know, the lake is going down, but even just a couple of inches with the lake elevation will change the ecosystem drastically. so it's a kind of a day by day thing that we're monitoring, that when you say ecosystem collapse, what would that look like? there yeah, so what's interesting about great salt lake is there's, it's a small ecosystem where there's, there's not

a ton of things that are at the lake themselves, but the lake has about 10. a 1000000 birds that come to it every year for their migration stop. and so if there isn't these brine, shrimp, or these brian flies, these tiny little organisms in the lake, then the birds would not be able to use the lake for their migration. and again, we're talking millions and millions of birds that use this place. so in terms of the ecosystem, if it can't hold all of these animals, then they just, they just won't be there anymore. hi alice, you. what's going on with liquor? mia? well, they korea like carlie was talking about the ecosystem collapse of the great salt lake lake room. he has already experienced that phase to large extent. and this is a lake that's a home to brine shrimp, our team year, which is the only places this rip is found. and then a migratory birds feed off of it. and this lake has basically pretty much

disappeared at this point. and we're talking about a major lake, you know, by some accounts, the 2nd largest sally lake in the world. and so it's not like a mud puddle. it's about the size of the stadium, state of delaware in the us or half the size of katara for those who wanna uh, put the sizes in perspective. and this whole ecosystem is as disappearing. and as of the, of the lake that you know, could, could attract a lot of, you know, people to visit for tourism and other activities is turning into a, a threat as opposed to providing ecosystem services. it's supposed to, well speaking a tours of the dead sea ah, attracts a lot of tourism and, and has for probably centuries of not longer yell what, what's happening there now. so the density lake level is dropping for the past decade in a rate of more than one meter per year. so this is a very fast lake level drop and it is affecting mainly the top one

of the major industries that are affected by this is the reason around the dead sea because the char is going away. and in order to have any kind of commercial beach over there, you need to maintain a road. and as you can see here, and when the video videos, the lake level drop is causing the formation of thing called which doesn't turn out anything, any tourism along the shore at this stage because it is dangerous. so i know we have a long history of the dead sea. has it ever gone through this kind of contraction before? yes, so there were some times that were very dry in this region that the lake level was

even lower than what it is today. 10000 years ago and about 120000 years ago. but it never got in this in this rate. so what we are seeing now is a very fast lake level job that is affected by the human activity and the which is a fan of the different water resources that used to flow into the lake. and and also the lack of a job is contributed by the different k potash industry that are pumping the brian out of the lake. yeah, i got it. you mentioned that because my initial assumption on this was climate change. but in each one of these lakes, as i looked into it, that didn't seem to be the main culprit. what's happening there in utah? carly with, with the like, why is it dropping? yeah, you're totally right. and it's interesting because, you know, climate change,

utah, we live in a super dry place, the drought, it doesn't help, but really a lot of the water that should be going to the lake is getting diverted to agriculture, to communities, lots of different places. so all of the rivers that should be flowing into great lakes are going elsewhere and we was at the same situation like this is things that could have been changed. busy well there is there a remarkable similarities would be the great salt lake in a lake roomier. not only about the major causes of the lake system collapse of, you know, that the 2 lakes are, are very similar in nature about the depth, you know, the, the watershed, you know, they're drainage basin, they're elevation and everything. and just like in the case of the great salt salt lake. busy in lake romeo, we have been dealt with a large number of dam construction projects in rapid agricultural expansion projects and poor water management that has choked this river of up and deprived of

the water it needs to survive. because this is essentially a terminal lake. so it's like your bowl of surreal that you know, you use in the morning. so if you don't. busy keep feeding the lake with water. evaporation is going to counter a that all the water that comes in and you start losing lake volume and lake area. this is exactly what happened in lake were mia and a there has been agricultural demand that's been growing and there is a widening gap between water supply and demand. and so base in the basin is essentially water bankrupt. so we have exceeded the hydrologic carrying capacity of the base and to support those human activities and also sustain and maintain this. great. so um the ecosystem and the lake in with all the services that it provides. so i'll alley are you, are we at a tipping point? would like me that it's can't go back to him. we have practically reached out

tipping point. but again, this is a system that in geological timescales has survived. so we have be let the system work as it would naturally so that the lake can accumulate the water that it needs . and it can, it can come back up and, and that if, if you're able, that's a very big if, because of all these human activities and, and all the economic activities surrounding the how the water was diverted and the new agricultural activities that are being supported by that but by that water, but if we manage to get the water back into the leg, the lake can come back. maybe, you know, in a gradual state and not, not over, not, not within the next a couple of years but, but eventually there, there is hope. so we're not completely giving up on the future of this lake and they're actually have been major lakes that had disappeared. impact there was one down in bolivia, lake popo let me check the cell. we'll shoot them to the earth. people have been left without lands. we trusted in lake proposed school. our parents trusted in the

lake that it would stay forever, but it didn't. so the lake trite up all of a sudden and left us without a job. we're doing visit, been day, and get other word of funds. we have been orphans, we have no jobs or sources of employment. where do we go? where do we find the job? we've been forced to become prickly as day laborers or to hurt capital for other people. it hasn't been easy grandmother, but oh yeah. what's the timeline on the dead sea there? how many years are you looking at if it keeps going at this rate? so we still have time in order to save it because i like the other 2 lakes that we're discussing here there. there dancy lake is about 300 meters deep. so we still have some, some way to go before it is completely and dried dried up. so we have at least

a century and probably much more than that, that the pants on how fast the industry will pump the brine. and if more special water resources will be used by the people leaving around the lake. so, but it's the same, the same issue as i said before. it's all a matter of balance between the fresh water resources that used to flow into the lake than the evaporation. but if you are a capital to somehow have a decision or a plan that is made international, a national level to say, be these lakes and you can bring some of the water back, then you can stabilize the lakes on on a stable lake level. and carly,

the great salt lake is, it's not as deep as the dead sea, right. you, you recently went out there and we have some photos you share with us. we kind of walk us through what we're looking at. i'm going to share these photos with, from my computer here. what are we looking at? yeah, so these are microbial lights and these should be under water. when they're healthy, they are. they kind of look like, like, turf, like astro turf. it's the green and philosophy mat full of life. and so you know what, one of our students were trying to find that life there, but it's just, it's just not there right now. and so again, all of that should be under water. so for us, you know, again, just a couple of inches, we could be such a big issue and it is interesting put here. yeah, i'll talk about the timeline for the dead be because that are great thought like was where, you know, we were trying to push the issue of drawing it's drawing help,

help help. but then, you know, now that we're at just a couple of years now that it's like such bigger issue. but i had to wish that it was being talked about in this way. 10 plus years ago. and you know, i think one is about brine shrimp. maybe people don't find it as compelling, but we're talking about a lot more than just bryan. sure. actually, and this is kevin perry. he's a professor of atmospheric scientist at the university of utah. as the lakers receded, it has exposed more than 800 square miles of lake bed. and just to put that into perspective 800 square miles is about the same surface area as the island of maui in hawaii. and this exposed lake bed. when the, when the strong and the lake bed is dry, it lists dust off of this lake bed and pushes that into the surrounding communities . if you bring that dust over an extended period of time like decades are longer

than it can lead to increases in different types of cancer like lung cancer, bladder cancer, cardiovascular, disease, diabetes, and such. so when you start to hear health concerns like that for humans, has that elevated the concern of the health of the lake there and salt lake city? absolutely. you know, i talk about the brian fly and they're large but not doing well. and i'm like, see the fly said the flies and, you know, people nod but it, it doesn't really strike them. but anytime you talk about somebody's own health in their community, it's that it's, it's dire which it is. and that's what we want it. but once you know, once it becomes a problem to me, what to become problem to my family, that when people start to care, so you know, we're happy that it's something that is being talked about and there's more changes that are happening. and there is, there's more to it than, than just the dust as well with that ecosystem as a, as a scientist. that's what

a biologist, that's what i'm mostly concerned about. but, and is there, is there a movement in iran to try to reverse the course? would like or mia well. busy allegra me as a shrinkage was literally in a moment, moments of awakening in, in iran, environmental activism like people are paying a lot of attention to the, to the fate of this lake. and people actually care more about the environmental issues in general because, you know, the media is covering the issues more and of course, you know, for a long time just touching the issue of the major cause of, of these, this lake and. busy away i, you know, there was confusion about the major cause, you know, was it is a climate driven, is it something that we're doing to mess up the system and for a long time and then the predominant narrative was that, you know, climate change is responsible for this like that disappearing and, but we've, we've done our analyses, you know, the water water balance analysis and,

and we're done computer simulations removing all the dams that were built on in the space. and we have shown that if you, if you, these dams where it belt and numbers, they are a. busy you know, the lake would have survived there, would it would never fall below the ecological threshold that's been designated. busy for it, although it would have the, the natural fluctuations of drought hits and in fact, you know, there are, there's evidence from other lakes around the. busy world, there are similar legs in other countries that they're not only not declined, but they have actually gained some area and, and that's the very good evidence to show that, you know, we really have to revisit how we're managing these lakes. if we are serious about keeping them for, for us and for future generations to enjoy them as well. are those dams for producing power or for creating other lakes? but predominantly, they're, they're built to supply irrigation, water and,

and with that have come, you know, a change in propping pattern. so there is more water hungry crops and you know, whenever you'll. busy the dam planned for some plan for it to support some activities and of course those demands form around it. so basically you're overloading a base in a, you know, with the dim, with the new demand that you create to the point that he can, we can artificially create this water bankrupt system. and at that point, things become very difficult to manage. we are seen that unfold in lake room. yeah . ready basin so yeah, it strikes me that with the other 2 lakes in question here, there are easier political solutions than perhaps in dealing in the area of the world you're in. can you talk about some of the politics around trying to save the, the dead sea or at least change the course? it's on so the water resources into the dead sea or between high chart and palestine and he's out. so and the,

and this is a region that is very stressed in terms, in terms of in terms of water resources that are relatively dry and the population is clouded. so every drop of water that is flowing in the jordan rivers, someone needs it and need to use it. so any. so if you will be able to have any decision on a national or any agreement between these different states, you will need very collaboration and agreement. that to let the water flow into the jordan river and then flow into into the sea. and, and as you probably know, this region had political issues that are not only that the water

issues in this, in this weekend. so it is definitely complicated. sure, we're looking at are you tube audience? and there's a lot of talk about recycled water. sounds like a brilliant idea to me says ivr or ed mohammad new c says recycled water is not a new concept as part of water conservation. we have a video comment from a water conservation is named man's or wine when gu, who is in cashmere. check this out. you know what a beautiful kashmir where surrounded by taking rules of mountains and valleys. unfortunately, the duty of red plants and water parties for last decayed, sought in shambles. this time for united efforts to sue people in spite of suspicion, is must where need to bring consciousness fast in our behavior toward. so anyway, my dream is to see the golden fishes tortoise is taking scott out. i said my going

to port back in deep water whitish and reference this. and carly, we have another video comment. this is from a journalist, the navajo times named allister lea a bit so that i want to share and get you to comment afterwards to prevent the inclusion of indigenous leases and how to link is an incest body of water to the people, which is where i'm from the navajo nation or the you are the goose, you are the shown people and i like the conversation from what i've been gathering in the community here is that thing. and those conversations need to be amplified and centered. because without all preventing the lake from going from ecological class, we need to be at the table. so listen here, the community to currently i wish they were saying basically that you feel like the

indigenous people are at the table. the tribes, you mentioned the youth to show nay. the navajo is that the case? what's happening there? yeah, i mean, i agree we have, we have contacts with those tribes, but it is, it is a missing piece of the puzzle for sure. and i know that with some like tech team for different committees that are run through state agencies, we've been pushing to get those indigenous voices to be a part of those groups which they're not right now. so, i mean, i don't, i don't have the solution because there's so many factors, but i completely agree that there is, is a missing piece. and a hole in this, in the puzzle in the community that needs to be, be on at the table like alistair, with thing. so i know that there's some things in place to get that ball rolling, but it's nowhere near. we need to be right now. alex, you talked to us about some recommendations for solutions. well,

one of the recommendations was brought up by one of the viewers, you know, it's, it's essential to no, no, not use a water as a disposable product. you know, in other words, we need to treat the waste water and make sure it gets to delay, you know, in anything that can help us increase the salt water supply into the lake is going to be a major part of the solution. and another obvious piece is reducing water consumption in agricultural areas, you know, with using better irrigation technology, higher efficiency irrigation technology, and also making sure that the water savings there actually are used to revive the lake and, and not going to new agricultural land expansion and create you know, contributing to increasing consumptive water use in the, in the basin and so, and bought the bottom line is we have to recognize the rights of these lakes. and,

you know, the environmental rights of these lakes is as, as a user of water. and as important social ecological systems and make sure that they get the water they need why it is the biggest thing. oh yeah, yeah. i just want to know like how do you tell people that this actually matters that it's important? like what's the big, why well you know. busy that, that the public health aspect as a major deal. and even though the last economic opportunities, the, the tourism that's gone, that's a big deal. and, and people of, you know, that these lakes have important importance is in, in, in the pop culture. you know, in the, in the, you know, the people have created a memories around these lakes and in but, but essentially, you know, this is a sign of how, how well you can manage a. busy busy natural resource and, and it's a perfect perfect indication of a collapsing watered governance structure. of course, in the case of that c, things are a lot more complicated because we have, you have the trans boundary element in and the conflicts and everything. but,

you know, we're talking about in the case of great salt salt lake or lake or mia. these are, you know, close, they're all that these bases are located within the jurisdiction of one single country. i mean, of course, you know, the, the water governance can be, have hazard, or there's a, there are many, many different agencies involved. but historically, stakeholders have not been engaged in how the development path was, was being envisioned. and in the case allegra mia, you know, there was an obviously water dependent path that you know, took this lake away from. busy the people. busy in that region who cared about it and, and other people that, that sought value in, in, in wanting to visit and in far away cities that didn't wanna, they didn't want to don't wanna deal with the da storms and the health effects of it. so i mean there, there is a lot of the. busy intention to and reason to, to want to revive these at no, that's a compelling argument ally, i want to thank you and yell and currently for being on the show today. and then

one of the most important things we've heard here about these lakes that are disappearing. is it can be changed in it's actually man made issue. so if we can just is the water little more smartly, we can actually have maybe a different future on that. so look, that's all we have for today. i want to thank you for watching those, your joint on youtube, those we're watching hauser, english right now. you can always find us extreme dot al jazeera dot com, and we'll see you next time. ah mm hm. and a in

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