like his starts sunny but quickly the class grow. we like to see shower once more. i'm pretty sure they will be welcoming showers all the same. i tell you to saturday, those dry look you picture of a most quite hot in southern pakistan, but still with bush hours is summer. but the latest news, as it breaks agency say there are hundreds of students refugees within the community or you have to be registered and people cannot access page with detailed coverage. you believe this message of protecting fundamental rights and democracy will once again resonate with voters from around the world. one thing it shows is russia's continued ability to be able to strike anywhere in this country whenever it pleases. ah sedans warren generals, invited to peace talks after fighting, kills at least 530 people since mid april, more than a 100000, to have fled their homes. how likely is

a new piece initiative to succeed? this isn't listed. ah hello, welcome to the program. i'm him, ron con, just over 2 weeks of fighting had plans to dawn into a humanitarian crisis. hundreds of people have been killed and thousands injured. many more have been forced from their homes. the conflict is a power struggle between 21 time allies, the head of the army, general abdel, father liberal hon, and the leader of the power military rapid support forces. mohammed ham dan decarlo cell sit on is broken. the latest truce inviting both sides to talk while they lay down their weapons. for a week, we'll be discussing the prospects of this initiative with our guests. but 1st, this report from alex bed with fleeing in the back of an overcrowded truck

sudanese families make the long and difficult journey to safety across the border into egypt. and now no more, we left her to him on wednesday, it was very difficult. there were 28 of us. the boys don't have visas, but we kept them with us. a suffering is unprecedented. we left in the middle of the fighting crashes and even artillery. it was very upsetting. this is the human cost of the conflict. the united nation sees at least 100000 people have left for neighboring countries. a number it's warned, could rise above 800000. and along with minimum, people coming from cartoon were escaping the war and trying to find safety and security right here under very difficult circumstances. some people who have passed through here don't have food, some are sick and some are very old. for more than 3 weeks,

the army and paramilitary rapid support forces have been the control of sudan with both sides violating cease by after the fire countries in the region, hoping this latest truce broke it by south sudan and june. last 7 days, we'll hope that you in his state of army chief of delta, albert han and ari fleet, mohammed hummed on the gallow, refused to negotiate. they risk international isolation. agencies are scrambling to help but say there is a shortage of funding and supplies. the secretary general dispatched martin griffith, emergency relief coordinator to the region to explore how we can bring immediate relief to millions of people who lives have been turned upside down. the u. n. and our and our partners are doing our best to reboot the humanitarian response in the country. mister griffith said in his, you'll recall massive looting of displace most of our supplies. we're urgently exploring ways to bring in and distribute additional supplies. the sudanese health

ministry estimates hundreds of people have been killed and thousands injured and only 16 percent of hard terms. medical center is still operating. people are running out of food and water. there are frequent power cuts and more and more families making the tough decision to leave their homes behind in search of safety across the border, the you in is warning better proposed peace talks. don't resolve the conflict. the humanitarian crisis in sudan could spill over and spread across the region. alex beard inside story. ah, the laurel this i'm joined by, i guess in robi, is near go to the floor southward on research human rights. what she's a former paralegal to se owns ministry of justice and constitutional affair in new york by cree l. jack l. many a professor public policy at long island university. brooklyn. he co founded front against war publication on sudanese politics and also in nairobi. is stella garra

africa governance analyst, who focuses on development security in east africa, a warm welcome to you all. and let's begin in new york with a battery. we had an extension to the ceasefire. ah, there hasn't held for last 6 days, but there's a potential for a both parties to get around the table and talk over the next 7 days. there is this kind of optimism, but just talk as through what the issues are. the underlying issues are between the 2 sides. good afternoon and thank you for hosting me by, you know, part of my students are for you know, wishes for a speedy recovery for you. i think that issues are, some of them are let's just go back. i have a gene when she cited to become

a very pet maliah dictator. she broke away from his on his leverage as the peas and congress body. and the allow the brothers, of course, is to become a part of that independent army. it was in the say those things really created a lot of disagreement and from the, from the high leader, the, your mental job. this is any army, even some of them want to have to be, you know, off to resign because they protested, allowing anatomy or militia to be part of the state, but not really following any of the procedures. so that's the, that's the deepest fraction issue that you're buying to going back sort of 17, when she decided to create a law to allow our support forces to be an independent standing army. that is not part of this course. is that the beginning of recently?

well, we know that revenue courses, david, who as a leader or unique either on his militia, he's deeply invested in gold that and he's doing a lot of trys estimate that he was at this point $7000000000.00. so we know, in order for business to continue to florida, she needs power in need to be protected. that has been used to i guess i use resource is we also know suzanne. his mom courses are deeply invested in a lot of it, not big activities as they are estimates that about to 22 percent offices and he's a public sector is controlled by 0, so not on choices, investments. so we can see there are some competing over interest. there is competition over power. and the last throws out really, brokers are coming back was the conversation that took place in december. and there

has been a framework agreement as the bold after long conversation. and regardless of how people think of the framework, but it brought the issues of control as a front of the discussion has been about how do we go about creating a one on one leadership and who has the right to be jar? ah, honest, if my anecdotal dig into us to be allowed to have 10 years for his militia really support courses to be functioning as an independent and that his right or sore control. right answers any long views, predicted the proposal, and they were saying it has to be 2 years and it has to be under one leadership. and the interesting point. but that's very interesting point. i want to bring in a near go ahead who is joining us from an i robi. so through don's been a very key player here. it's go everybody around the table at least potentially around the table, but does it have any sway?

does it have any influence on these 2 very powerful and very entrenched, very independent organizations, or thank you for including me in the conversation. i think it's been very clear on the last many weeks that started on it's done, i joined at the hip, socially, politically and also you can only keep. now the fact that saddam was appointed as be gotten the media is a reflection of this relationship. is the crisis broke out in april and mid april, the 30000 people, and some of whom are returning subsidies. going back to south dawn and other nationalities including cities have entered the south it on buddha. so it started on gets to play an essential role. and now with regard to influence, like i've said, of the 2 countries have social, political, and economic ties. the thoughts with government since the fall of the brochure. government has also gotten very close with the sudanese military governments in

hard to. and this is what is reflected in the placement of precedent. cheer as mediator. now started on has a role to play individually and also as part of the african union as part of the regional block of the into governmental organization development. and that's part of the international body of whether as part of the security council, but as a member of the international community, it will be important for started on to stress on the war, on the 2 warring sides to emphasize on civilian protection to ensure that they end the use of weapons such as morton's tillery shells and milly rock. there are the ham white radius and our 2 latch rates and are being used in severe neighborhoods. they'll have to emphasize one of the sudanese leaders as well as in all the

other countries that are involved in the deeds. in conversations around this price is whether individually to or habits or to other countries. the need for a sure access to civilians to allow civilians to vaccine belongs to excess medical attention. and to also even as a country fastened on to ramp up its own humanitarian support. or to prepare on how they will receive this vast numbers of people who are and she has had a very huge oh, she material price. this is the last few years. well, let me bring in stella garra. her also joins us from nairobi. we've been hearing a lot about this internet in total government, her dialogue, a group. we also been hearing a lot about the african union to think of those 2 organizations. those 2 are the, the real players here, or is it going to be something like the united nations or,

and even broader international coalition to actually kind of bring peace to sit on . i thank you very much for having me in this conversation. and indeed, i think those 2 actors were been brought in as some of the key actors in the conversation, of course led by a sound sedan. i meant the previous because book about the strategic position of subsidies. but also the fact that fuzzy them depends on sudan for oil to finding in a beetle or some of their trade. so they're squarely pleased to be able to have it the interest of ending the conflict and also the interest of driving as a done once at some form of resolution and africa union initially as the will you hadn't known interference policy, but now as, as the africa union, it has a policy to interfere in mitchell anytime with his need to secure the interest of citizens to secure the lives of individuals in the continent. and so the player a very drawn, the, a you commission actually had and ethos for the department of business security

that works under around the issues of conflict around the regional and so guess clearly pleased in, in that conversation, to guide or the conversation and in the event, that is a need to send a peacekeeping missions from around the continent build ambulance, coordinating the peacekeeping missions coming from the different countries and neighboring a sudan that he got to have a particular role because he plays the role of from watching regional, a regional coordination integration amongst the countries that are members, and he's one of the members, they need learning countries of sudan who are now receiving at the risk fifties and displaced people forms done our, our, our, our understanding of discipline decisions when you get comes in critically to influence the conversation in terms of trying to bring the interest of very young together and showing them in the end and in but countries are on the table even in the conversation that are being held about the kind of human to young that he says, the country needs it running stuff, what that is in the,

in the event overflow. so these 3 after that i've been, both of the kimball truly is up to be on, on the table. they are either at present being brought into a big funding mechanism that has been created. and i've seen the members of them at russia, they needed kingdom, america, and china and try and as opposed to coming in based on either it just. but it is important to keep discipline position very deeply african fish rather than the issue that address he up asking for india banks on interest. i broke into interplay . well, let's bring him back korea from new york. you've had our guests in nairobi. actually say that, you know, this has to be an african thing, and perhaps the african union is the strongest, particularly if it can offer a peacekeeping mission. are you confident that the african union can play that role? or do you think it does need to have a wider international role? the u. k. russia, china, america, the united arab emirates, for example. it's, it's actually, i think they deal allowing and, and,

and inviting you to be bothered solutions in africa and going with the model and programs of solutions is, is ever, is a normal and wonderful idea. i have to be frank, can say, i'm very skeptical about the possibilities of are you guys actually being able to play any mediation when i do understand? you got to that is how i stay in the game. as these countries are going to be on affected i'm, they are affected right now. oh, i have sickening of more than $200000.00 also then it's sentences and it's refusing, then all there would be going thousands going to be an added prices. if you be as more than $300.00 refugees giving it to them, they might be going back. so we, we don't understand, he got confused to have a sitting on the game. we understand a who has been trying to really are clear like her many one in addressing somebody and issues. but let's just go back to the business. one leverage to the african

union really has on those 2 by one parties. if you really think about it, it will come down to what influence do they have that will do it is by having people walking about, we want to want to stop spying. everyone has been calling for the saga, but let's just be honest. and you know, in a minute, overseas warning parties and you has no capacity, it has no mechanism of maintaining peace it's, it's nothing more than just the goodwill on hunting, in my opinion. so yes, it's something to be appreciated, something to via or we have always williams or i is coming from african brothers to try to resolve issues. busy but the issue lies on mind, the, the for the trigger, it's a u. s. u k. so the a and m is simply because they have been in touch reserves to harness and they're the ones over then we are no bigger is, is funding just a bit of background to disturb you,

that i just going to say that i want to bring in negotiate for allison ah, bakery says that the african union in the ego of their noble ideas, but they're just not gonna work. and this needs to be a much broader international coalitions is to put pressure on the 2 warring parties . do you think the african union is a noble but florida did not. i will take a leave from the south to down piece process or the last many years. it takes a village to achieve. because the main goal here is to ensure safety around protection and at the of the day and accountability for all the abuses being committed currency in the last few years of the transition. so the whole international community does have the responsibility to ensure that the sudanese crisis does not spiral out of control to the point that it also spills over to regional a state such as started on with you, be a charge elsewhere, but also each, each country individually and as part of the collecting has specific rules to be

played. and so that's why i keep emphasizing that even even if started on may not have as much leverage as the u. s. that might have, they might be able to influence the 2 parties, especially in ensuring that you know, civilian protection is a priority. and that even the cause of the resistance committees and the various protest movements take center stage, where we know that piece forces can often be and exist. it will take a village, take several efforts. it will be a costly process, a financially, politically and also socially to the sudanese and the neighbors as well. so it will take everybody to be able to use whatever access and leverage they have to ensure that security provisions, civilian protection, accountability and justice are at the center of how the international community chooses to address this crisis. and that they do not drive us to denise again,

because what we're looking at is the feelings national community to deliver on the promises of the revolution that was delivered by this denise people stellar. you've heard 2 very different opinions that one very diplomatic opinion of, from nairobi another perhaps stronger opinion on the african union from august in new york. do you still think that the african union eguard, these are the 2 best mechanisms off to hearing those 2 opinions. and i think that will allow me to point out that it is very unfair to figure the african union does not have combust to intervene into conflict in the places in the continent where the african union has not intervened. it has been probably did not interest in their country, but because they can talk about it. as a matter of fact, they have a mandate, they have capacity, they have the ability to intervene, be having to be called before time election related other but television to other folks including will continue to do so i'm going to be eager. hasn't quite come rolling inventory been there in dealing with deaf m trying for me. one of the sort

of asking myself, what do we define? breaking point. but we should get the beginning of the time, the terrain around around dance. leave the founder geopolitics. around around to leverage the ability to include down and being treated as i'm opponent. and for me, the fulton was critical fucking disciplines, which is what i want to remind us is that the ability to be loved to be seen, to be a candidate in this conflict. we already have information that they have from external influence in the conflict and done, and we have to make sure i'd be given to me. my mother might have a bit of curity that you've been of this resolution has been being discussed and negotiated, that the people tend to punch in or the people who are behind it. do not then get into the conflict some more by bunch of bringing him to interest into the

conversation. we already have some serious headlines for fighting, putting in for bringing up the wind to boston or, or, or even trying to get that happening position to help this for the fish and the little bit, the people actually being are on the bus all have interest and deeply interested in seeing peace involved done in terms of the question of who is going to be able to in the place. what folks done against national interest, i think african punches in the aides, elsie's, even wills will see what positions to that extent. they may not miss that, it could be that was we had the having that wasn't their agent as francis is up on them. but at least in terms of finding a solution, i think that invisible is to lead a negotiation process. bakery or what we're hearing is that there is the african union. there is that you got, these are the front lines, organizations are going to deal with any kind of piece, but we have to talk about the region as well. egypt probably has, in fact, has

a very different idea about what it once ensued on to say child, for example, child has a different idea to the of the neighboring countries. there's a lot of competing interests it. is there anything other than stopping the conflict that these people can agree on? i, i tend to be one of those people who really think it's, it's, there is a way of addressing a different job never in countries interests are at the same time. a talking, something sustainable, not just something's a conflict because let's just be honest. living is a conflict at this point in time, is not going to address chad or, or via the russian or as we, as we speak. now we know that they are truss getting or 10000 are loaded. does you? this is supplied from hosted in libya to us. are forces. this is a got to be embroiled, the story of the day and they are evidence on the ground is happening. so what i'm

saying is, i don't think we can ignore, will it concerns? egypt has wrist. egypt has been a very foolish countries, then they have a very strong ties, which is on his military. and they are going to be one of the can present really would have the ones what's going on is and it's not just about done and he is, has devi tennessee in the the line. there are some standing issues regarding the, the grid domini, dubia, how we have done is going to be run that was in cuba is connected to when i'm trying to see what's happening today. not usually as an issue. it's a reagan an issue. and if we not, we to find a way to threads in how we address these different cassandra incentives for the never. you can see if you hear a dial jack lee be at the same time, we will be back on, on this issue at some point. if not tonight is going to be out. if not, i'm just going to be going to pony. they are really complicated. are connected

issues. some of the competition of resources, some of them is competition or influence. i tend to talk, you know, i'm not really positive. if sprinkler players alone can really and i'm robinson, this is olivia degrees, it is an interesting point. i me bring in a go ahead from nairobi. you've heard what back re, how to say it is very, very complicated. there's a lot of countries, a lot of different competing interests. however, you know, what seller was saying is that perhaps the, one of the things that could happen is a peacekeeping mission, african union peacekeeping mission in sudan. but the danger of that is, is it's always like a plaza. you don't actually deal with the underlying issues, the regional issues. you're just sending a peacekeeping mission and that kind of freezes the conflict conflict. but it doesn't really actually sort out the issues. do you think that's a danger? i think a lot of it where he by all means we have to avoid bandage submissions to

a crisis. the has very deep roots and where a underlying cost is not being addressed. no way that you a piece process. this is denise job apiece, process. we all know that those security arrangements that were put in place as well as aspects around to be a civilian protection. one never ruled out and walk through and underneath underneath the surface. and so and as, as of now what we're seeing internationally as well, lots of disjoint sent statements and multiple ashes left, right, and centre marie, there's no coordinated diplomatic efforts on how to go about addressing the sudanese prices as a whole. so this is something that needs to be emphasized and that public statements being made by multiple countries have to have a, a united. there has to be a united forms in how the student is crisis will be addressed. because as backer

says, that impacts extend beyond the borders of, of saddam and they will have regional impacts for this also do nice example. you know, the humanitarian crisis is one thing, but also the impacts on markets that rely on seduce goods and will have an impact on food. food insecurity in south on. so that will need to be high level credible candidates and diplomatic efforts. and to really address the underlying causes and to bring the videos at the center. the resistance committees are the various movements that have been are we all running out? we are running out of town. i do want to come back to one point of course. so i guess other other good, destin nairobi, stella. so there are 2 very powerful individuals head of the but hello and how he did. these are people who aren't really going to speak to each other across a table unless they're going to find something do thing you can do that,

the incidental community, the result, really, the african union can deal with those egos. in all honesty, i am one of those who has really admitted that he was a too big. and at some point then we need to be pushed to make that and positions are for the benefit of the citizens of, of sudan dc, eagles, acronym and any value in the, from the special needs extremely important, the interest, appleton, the cable. and that the, those interest and then assessed on based on, on, on the marriage of what can be rendered in a short time period would have been a long time period and will tell it is the interested in must and will be delivered in the body of a nation that has a government that has at you know, progress and governance going on. otherwise we'll continue with fighting and destroy everything in the country and look at venue. so for me, in this conversation, what all the actors must convince this good will to do is number one to get them on the table. number 2, assuming that was the teacher that used to give their factions to begin putting

proceed. alicia wanted, was he born in a short time and will to live possibly dinner shall 10. and he goes on understanding on what it will be accountable for exist country continue. that is, is extremely important. and for me, that means or been even, even a good finding out that was a video litigation after after this was, is completed, is extremely critical. because then even if they're getting in war, they have certain rules that govern or how they engage in war or have international management, etc, that they have difficulties don't. and, and so she's extremely, extremely important that their book and the people to understand is, understand that women youth and children must be protected given as the engaging whatever conflict and engaging and, and the young old blanket a protected than their me bus depend on them for trade for, for, for, for adapt. fountain, including least that i used to in that country to get things done in their vigil. i

want to thank all our guests set near go to, to pour back re al jack. i will med me and stella, gar, and i want to thank you to for watching. now you can see the program again, any time by visiting our website out there, adults call and for further discussion, go to our facebook page at facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. and you can also join the conversation on twitter. i'll handle is at a j inside story from me, amman, con and the whole team head life enough. ah ah

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