of june 1967, 6 days the read through the mouth of them, at least 2 dark colored hair crust appeared from a distance just as we were focusing on them. they dropped the bombs on the run out as they were exposed the events leading to the will and its consequences, which it still felt today the record of me. and it was because that is such as easy stuff is when the war in june, on our zara theaters from south america is 12 patients major in brazil, that 1st president, soon as a silver is cooling from all unity and even a new single currency. so what his plans could they become reality and what's bringing these countries together? now, this is inside story, the

hello welcome to the program. i'm a tree instead of going to south america's biggest nation has played host to the confidence leaders. it's fond of a drive by brazil's left when president luis ignacio looms the silver, to create a regional, political, and economic block. there's strength and unity as the saying goes, i just want a brief hold of a trade union leader will be hoping applies to neighboring states to a single currency to south america is one plan. he's keen to develop to reduce dependency on the us dollar. he wants small cooperation in areas that include trade, health care, the environment, advising, organized crime boss, the presence of dentist, where those president nicholas my daughter, caused some division of life in america. editor lucy at human tells us more from virginia on what was discussed behind closed doors. it is the 1st time in nearly a decade that leaders of all the south american countries actually sit down,

face to face, actually behind closed doors and speak frankly about the possibility of finally, right? laying out the groundwork for regional integration. it is something that they all feel strongly about, particularly the other time when the world is forming into different rocks. they all believe that south america has to have a voice a dis, a eco normally important part of the world. altogether they make up the 5th largest economic block in the world. and right now their voices are not being heard because they are divided. certainly that seems to be the the what the arguments that they are making. however, it's been very difficult to bring about president luna when he was last president created or not sure. and that is the union of south american nations that was supposed to be the the building block for this regional integration. however, it's still a part when the political pendulum in this region swung from the left to the right, the president of been as well as leader nuclear last. my rudo was somewhat device

and some of the presidents believe that he is an authoritarian leader and they had no problem telling him so to his face. but my brutal was actually very conciliatory . he simply did not answer the criticisms and said that he was happy to just agree to disagree on those issues. in the end, all the presidents were happy to be able to all sit down together for the 1st time in so long and work towards something that they all believe is important. as president luna said after 500 years, and that is a reference to the arrival of columbus in the americas, we finally have to be able to leave from the margins and have our voice is heard. well, this isn't blue. the silver's 1st attempt to create unity in 2000 days. he led efforts to establish units, uh, a regional block, modeled on the european union to integrate the 12 south american nations, bought a swing to the political rights on the confidence to lead to the group fracturing disagreements over its leadership and venezuelan president nicholas,

my daughter's involvement let the 7 countries withdrawing off the 2017 south americas population is maybe 450000000. that's around 5 and a half percent of the world's population. this year. the regions g d, p is estimated to be just over 4 trillion dollars, about a cost of that on the u. the continent is rich in natural resources. brazil is the 2nd largest producer of on or, well actually produces around a 3rd of the world comp up. it's also the 2nd biggest producer of the increasingly source of to mineral. let's see him. so let's bring it, i'll guess for today is discussion from crack us. we're joined by to the output us pennsylvania, managing director of global software and advisory. he was deputy minister and senior aid. the former president will go chavez and president nicholas. my daughter is chief of staff from bay on with joined by gail in long seen the analyst with

a sense of economic and policy research and for the foreign minister of equitable added miami is danny shaw, professor of life in american count, ruby and studies of city university new york. he's also international affairs on the list for the tv network tele, so a warm welcome to you. will a denny, let's start with you. president luna to silver has made no secret of the fact that he would like to revive this regional body. eunice or the union of south american nations. is it actually a good idea, though? what chance of uniting such a divided block of nations? that's because one of the main challenges want to so it could be powerful. now that lula is empowering, there's other, some other, less leading presidencies. in bolivia, mexico certainly moved into more as i've heard of this direction. of course, nicaragua, cuba, ben, as well as long opposed us foreign policy across the hemisphere. the challenges

that you know, what if we're both in idle asked type figure is elected in any, any country in the upcoming years that will immediately divide this attempt to unity in integration. so it's very important what we've seen in the past few days with this. we made sure coming together, but there's a long way to go. we see voices the board more integration with the north with the united states and the european union. and they want integration with their own south american encourage neighbors. so it will not be an easy fee to achieve this unity in an ongoing way. gave them a. is it a, a realistic ambition of a south america that have its own version of, of the you of african union? how does the confident move past organizations that ultimately turn into clubs for ideologically aligned allies? what, what time jubal benefits would such

a grouping need to deliver to out last the confidence ever shifting political landscape? so, so 11 american integration is normally lost in dream region. it's goes back to the 19th century, south american integration, which is what we're talking about is bit more recent. as it words, in actually a brazilian consensus brought me speaking between the center left and the center, right. it stops in the ninety's even the, the center right then on the president, kind of those, those in favor of the south american regional space and then much more that size typically under lula. and the 1st decade of the century, the community of south american nations was created in 2004, and finally in 2008 the own us with the 12 member sites back that was granted. as a non, i do a logical numbers for far and it had 12 countries. i'm on the left side on the right, and the only common denominator with geography. you have to be a south american nations. then from 2052016 almost as

a shift to the right and quite radical right in 2019, always in brazil, you know, it's both on, out of a sort of very radical reaction. be right, accompanied by trump and united states, who encourage that in american countries to drop the strains of bands and south american unity as a return to the sort of the fall, the monro isn't, which is often instead of using latin america. you know, the monroe doctrine that you, us genuine and shit and expressions, they organized the organization which best bodies. this is the organization of american states, which has its headquarters in washington, which is a type, a managed and controlled by the us. and of course you. busy hasn't really wanted an independent group of states. ready strategic bolts on it, such as on that sort. now with a shift to the left, we seem to possibly get your wellness or the re kindled. but obviously the, the, we saw it yesterday at the summit. i mean, not really was some more reasonable, right? we have just biggest presidents on simple to sort of understand the strategic interest

of the region. no, no doesn't want it to be a father. bless this. you want that was everybody on both for me, all sides of the political spectrum to understand the south american region that isn't a south american organization who collected the trust, the whole 12 countries in a wealth, which as you said, the beginning of this, joe is going to be increasingly dominated by regional box with a new called wall, you know, emerging on the horizon and you're going to need some kind of regional geo politics and muscle to face the challenges to do to, to me a while. a majority of south africa, south american leaders, a country, a leftist, or a centrist. the region is more idealistically pluralistic that has been for some time right now. i mean there is no guarantee is that things will stay this way as i is it, is it perhaps just a matter of time before a grouping like the one that the president luna, the silver falls upon us again on ideological grounds?

is this the best way to, to achieve the unity among the south american nations? the president, one of the sofa is looking for as well. that is the price of the office in, in let, in america, i mean, 11 america politics are competitive. and you can have changes in government and not from nation power. and is the people the south america who, who decided that those changes. and i would say happily to some extent a those that for nations happen happen regularly. on the other hand, um i would, i mean the president knew that couldn't have said a better yesterday by um, by giving an example um brazil and argentina for instance. i have a, a bilateral trade with ken amount $3035000000000.00 a year. that is,

that is massive, but it's very, very important. and in the way he was comparing that trade be to visit or not been seen or uh, to the train that happens every year since result of the year in union. that he's probably only age 19 dollars. so he was by giving that example um explaining that this uh, integration is effort needs to be very frank and that the trade between brazil, argentina is crucial for uh, companies and businesses in both country. so why not finding ways um, to uh, not only improve the conditions for that uh that trade to happen. and, and for example, one of the, one of the ideas of people the staple was why not building a common courtesy that would allow the dina to perform that trade exchange without researching to use dollar. why should not be afraid to use the m. o. then atkins, and instead of buying buying a leisure arrangement, so

a little more that integration goes into the base practical aspects. like the one i'm quoting at for this is you could say they've very difficult for south american students to go from one country to another. and come back to other countries and, and just know exercise their profession with a degree or a promo thing in the south american nation. so the moment just started moving into that direction and the people see the concrete benefits is going to be very much harder for any other government or because. ready you know, i facility as it could be to explain to their populations of where they are walking away from such a i would say trick madigan, but it's really an intimate just briefly what, what would a regional trade currency look like? you know, i mean it's, it's, it's something that could be, you know, what was in existence in, in we,

in the european community before existence of the euro. what do you need is to uh, as you have making this is you didn't, you didn't actually need to move the formal common courtesy because that would require, um, i mean, a long lasting export of converges of the different monetary policy. that probably wouldn't be, it's a bit of issues to or probably the sort of that have the baby to be the company. but why not having, you know, 8888, come on, come and courtesy that, that simply allows you know, the different central banks to compensate the trade. you know, those who has a young there existed in the past the, we mean the latin america innovation is not, is not a new idea. what do we need is the use of those tools for you is to just uh oh um the yeah,

into the center seat of our upper reaches and see which, which aspect which areas of the economy it makes sense at the very further i want to say one of them will be energy, that's something that for the new let's talk about yesterday. why would some south american nations import their gas or oil from maybe most region when the revealed banners. busy have immense reserves just because there's no, you know, there's no fight right in the region. so those 5, the, those he threw structures needs to be done. and that needs to be a, uh, some of the work in order to, uh, uh, you know, to allow for those for those uh, uh, products to happen. okay. tiny, the presence of uh, president my daughter at the summit made some lead us even less leading ones. uncomfortable. did president luna to silver go too far in his embrace?

that is why this president to that's certainly been the headline in bloomberg in the new york times. in the fall of the us media outlets here in the us, you can even mention that as well. there's no objective analysis. there's no sociological, historical, critical understanding of everything this happened in venezuela just like is a rush of all the visit that as well. with all the, there's a new cold war mentality. why shouldn't the elected representatives of all countries as, as the guest said, regardless of their id? i, the ology, this is a geographic unity that they're trying to build. so of course, a leadership from off the current and it should be a invited. it's so important to break this dollar dependency. the debt traps the structural adjustment programs from the i m. s and the world bank and some have

done so much damage academy car. and so you can begin to break this historical dollar dependency, the supremacy of the dollar and will washington is consistently done is they have notified any presidency, any leadership, any country that is tried to oppose their uni polar designs for the region. that's why we have, i think, what can only be termed as sensationalism against nicholas. my little girl at luna said that there was very large prejudice against the country and that the image of an empty democratic venezuela was a narrative promoted by the western countries imposing harsh sanctions that exacerbate the country's humanitarian at economic crisis. did he, as jimmy's president's, has argued make lights of the human rights violations in, in venezuela. so i think glued as approach to venezuela's response to

a growing consensus, but isolating venezuela as being the accounts productive as created actually much of the problems that are criticized. so you can see if you look at evolution of the best way to g d or even the migration, there's been a lot of talk of the migration in the region, but also to the united states. and if you look at it, you look at you have a solution of those figures over the last few years. that's. busy busy busy you know, the origins lie in the sanction that americans are more and more aware that sanctions are being causing well the for example don't to be able to export. it's may next portfolio, which obviously least the best way to facing great economic and social on ships. and then this obviously having a trickle down effect on a property and on migration and so on and so forth. so i think generally speaking in the region route, i was speaking french government, but there is a growing consensus even in the main stream. diplomacy that the sanctions have not

worked, not any of that, not a cheap region change which was the open and admitted goal of the united states. but they've actually created abroad the regional crisis. and everybody's kind of fed up with this and wants to move on. and i think it's important to this to insert this and this kind of returnable nestled and retired himself, american geo politics and the 12 uh, south american heads of states getting together to discuss they know something, as you said, you know, and agreeing to disagree. and sometimes having all spots for each other, but all sitting at the table and discussing this in contrast to what is happening over the last few years in the organization of american states. it's important to remember the company ministration actually managed to get the self proclaimed president with no digital one. why know to be the representative of venezuela? you know it, yes there's, there's no precedence of that. yeah, there was no sort of opposition to, you know, shay or even if you know,

castro sitting in some, you know, vented a state of the oh yes, this is from using the very to person academy of the united nations and you know, other cultures actual for it's the venezuela or because moodle, you know, an international. busy of the country, which is the government which represents the country is the government control surgery and control institution. this is international but somehow united states and jo. yes con. ready general inventive decides that some figure of the opposition could suddenly take the state. so then as well, and the organization sites. and this shocks, i would say, even mainstream, the, sorry, like this. and so what we saw yesterday, we're not receiving the actually, you know, having a meeting with the other 11 presence of region, some of them who dislikes another way to strongly, you know, undoubtedly or that is kind of a return call. i'd say john to negotiate a young to have diplomacy,

as opposed to just reading change this attend the virginia engine is better the ongoing now there was actually, there were several who attends for the 19 which failed. my buddhist still that i think the general consensus, even amongst people who are presidents, who dislike my daughter, is that they're gonna have to sit down with my daughter and come some kind of mother. so you're going to be of some kind of agreement. and i think that. ready notice you know that it's a spirit everyone is meeting with my daughter. yes. it. okay. to me. i mean i just don't wanna spend too much with the program talking about the venezuela in particular, but most of you from come back us on this. why is it so important now to bring venezuela in from the cold as well, but it is very important because of the one hand then as well as the economy you started from, you know, grow again and, and, but it's a, you know, way have shown that it a, it's, it's problems that nobody deny can only be solved by the others. and that,

uh for your appearance as the young mansion. and especially when, when it is the position of sanctions and, and, and hopefully we can change products and what was, what was a applied for the think during the type of destruction. only rings, you know, are said for the people of the country and, and, and um, nice uh, finding solutions, social yeah, driven solutions. uh more, more difficult. so now the, the benefit has had overcome. uh, that critical period. it is time for the region to focus on a, a, a, an agenda that is more, that has more to do with what can the country do to work together in order to improve their situation. rather than having an institution that is only there or you know, once that's included in other or duties of countries and basically pointing out

what they dislike about the toner products and stuff. i versus i wouldn't be an example uh through know through as being extremely stable uh, probably not have the like to meet or uh, finishing and stirring work for uh for over a decade and, and still there is no international mobilization, you know, to, to metal in the beginning channel is there, why does it happen in that as well? because that is the last to the where's largest oil reserves and the i have had of the. busy to the management of those reserves probably is not of the taste of the united states and ministration or some major oil companies. so again, the reason was they got 2 more things about finding solutions and mentoring. so there's a problem to you. you've touched up on it in, in your last onset,

out of the us view, a more united and therefore assertive grouping of south american nations. and i'm, and this regional currency that, that would be designed to rival the us dollar in the us foreign policy establishment is dead set against the success of a sort of a south american improve in unifying currency. michael rubio, last month's on fox news express that if there was no longer dependency on the dollar, if the dollar no longer reigned supreme, then these countries could begin the same which the club, the sanction the club, the blockaded marco rubio is a, is a representative of the republicans and of the us foreign policy establishment was, was very, very afraid to cut our costs, could find a ride into it. right. and that's fine. but possibly, the in the past could find our mexican city in mexico city could find being so all

roads these days seemed to lead away from washington. that's why there's so much fear. that's why the guy behind this crew attempts against pedro castillo in, bu, in the now supporting the cool government of us. but why did the ed representation in, in brazil? yeah, yesterday i'm doing everything depended towards the gabrielle portage border. seems to spend more time seeking uh, access than he does. uh, washington. when his own country was the victim in survivor of the 9111973. cool. so i, i certainly think that bodies has to sit down and re examine his talking points in his priorities. we've seen a more polls, lopez, or whatever, or we've never heard of mexican presidency since the 1950s speaking these national nationalist and international as the terms. so i do think overall the 2nd iteration

of the pink tide, the student, this is, is more a south american integration and in, in unity and true self determination. but it's way hearing. there's many, many challenges come and from the academy of the north who doesn't want to see the rise of this multi part of the world is on the horizon and it's in construction right now. in brazil, you are in south africa or in, across the world. okay. that a, a to give them a, we've got about 2 minutes left of, of the program. and one final question to, to what extent is president lula trying to establish brazil as the regions lead to how to of the south american states view brazil right now. and are they willing to fall into line behind it politically? i think it's going to take a little while there to governments. and so i didn't some it yesterday who are kind of resist the idea of when i so i mean one of them, the government of europe,

why the president accepted or not. so what i'd like to use of a breakfast that, you know, that's really what it looked like at the time is still the color presidents obviously for the, for the present of uruguay. understood. i got you kind of uncomfortable to have left with a so and to have to go back in where's all the other ones? maybe they were in favor of at the time that they weren't actually present. they weren't actually the ones that left the union. so it's sort of a problem to go back in and uh yeah, accepts lunas uh invitation. so i think it's gonna happen in the meetings a long time. we now have 7 members who nestled out of the 12 original members. so there's still 5 countries that have to go back in the columbia to new york live hired why they put all the other 7 assignment back in with brazil and argentina recently going back in the month of april and yeah, brazilian leadership and who is the the ship short phase in a row, and it's an old resident dream or a trail south american subsystems,

the atlantic ocean and south america, which is dominated by medical school, but common market that's designed to add on the pacific, the indian side, the pacific. historically, the community evaluated states and the lines, uh, but those 2 subsystems don't really communicated each other. and one of the historic geopolitical goal is to brazil to try and unify positive pacific coast to the atlantic coast in one big geo political area. okay, not just markets, but political area as well. and i think that's likely we've know that we've had the exception with us and not of that. i think i'm speaking on and i think it's likely to continue and visit in foreign policy. and i think it's likely to be successful. gentleman, we're out of time manufacturing day for being with us to me. i've taught us pennsylvania on guild long and then a shall to a thank you for watching. don't forget, you can see the park and i get it any time by going to the website. i will just 0. don't. com is where you'll find it for further discussion, join our facebook page that's at facebook dot com forward slash h a inside story. as you can join the conversation on twitter handle at

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