one or 2000 to northern egypt, full sized showers. continue, of course, nor the path of faction is yeah. out you area morocco and they're still there. as we go through friday. june 1967, 6 days the re drew the map of the middle east to dark colored aircraft appeared from a distance just as we were focusing on the drum farms on the run out of the re expose the events leading to the will and its consequences which it still felt today. the record is victoria army in this war because that is such as this to the people in the war in june on elders era. the latest from south america is 12 patients major in brazil, the 1st president, soon as a silva is quoting from all of us, eat, and even abuse single currency. so what his plans could they become reality and

what's bringing these countries together? now this is inside story, the hello welcome to the program. i'm a tree. instead of going to south america's biggest nation has played host to the continents leaders. it spawns all the drive by brazil's left wing president luis, ignacio looms the silver to create a regional, political, and economic block. there's strength and unity as the saying goes, i just want a brief hold of a trade union leader will be hoping applies to neighboring states to a single currency to south america is one plan. he's keen to develop to reduce dependency on the us dollar. he wants small cooperation in areas that include trade, health care, the environment, and financing organized crime boss,

the presence of venezuela as president nicholas my daughter caused some division of life in america, editor, lucy, and human tells us more from presenting on what was discussed behind closed doors, or it is the 1st time and nearly a decade, that leaders of all the south american countries actually sit down, face to face, actually behind closed doors and speak frankly about the possibility of finally, re laying out the groundwork for regional integration. it is something that they all feel strongly about, particularly the other time when the world is forming into different rocks. they all believe that the south america has to have a voice a dis, a economically important part of the world. altogether they make up the 5th largest economic walk in the world. and right now their voices are not being heard because they are divided. certainly that seems to be the the what the arguments that they are making. however, it's been very difficult to bring about president luna when he was the last president of created or not sure. and that is the union of south american nations

that was supposed to be the the building block for this regional integration. however, it's still a part when the political pendulum in this region swung from the left to the right . the president of venezuela is leader nuclear last. my rudo was somewhat divisive . some of the presidents believe that he has an old sword, terry, and leader, and they had no problem telling him so to his face. but my brutal was actually very conciliatory. he simply did not answer the criticisms and said that he was happy to just agree to disagree on those issues. in the end, all the presidents were happy to be able to all sit down together for the 1st time in so long and work towards something that they all believe is important. as president luna said after 500 years, and that is a reference to the arrival of columbus in the americas, we finally have to be able to leave from the margins and have our voices heard. this isn't polluted, silvas. first attempt to create unity in 2000 days. he led efforts to establish

eunice original block, modeled on the european union to integrate the 12 south american nations, bought a swing to the political rights on the confidence or lead to the group fracturing disagreements over its leadership. and venezuelan president nicholas my daughter's involvement, let the 7 countries with drawing off the 2017 south america's population is maybe 450000000. that's around 5 and a half percent of the world's population. this year, the regions g d p is estimated to be just over 4 trillion dollars, about a cost of that on the u. the continent is rich in natural resources. brazil is the 2nd largest producer on or well actually produces around a 3rd of the world comp up. it's also the 2nd biggest producer of the increasingly sol, solved a mineral. let's see him. the. so let's bring it out. guess for today is discussion from crack us. we're joined by to

the output us pennsylvania, managing director of global self for an advisory. he was deputy minister and celia aid. the former president will go chavez and president nicholas. my daughter is chief of staff from bay on with joined by guild long see the analyst with a sense of economic policy research and for the foreign minister of equitable added miami is danny shaw, professor of life in american and cannot be in studies at city university in new york, he's also international affairs analyst for the tv network tele so i won't welcome to you will a denny, let's start with you. president luna to silver is made no secret of the fact that he would like to revive this regional body. eunice or the union of south american nations. is it actually a good idea that what chance of uniting such a divided block of nations? that's because one of the main challenges want to so it could be powerful. now that lula is in power and there's others,

some other less leading presidencies. in bolivia, mexico certainly moved into more as i've heard of this direction. of course, nicaragua, cuba, ben, as well as long opposed us foreign policy across the hemisphere. the challenges that you know, what if of both an idol asked type figure is elected in any, any country in the upcoming years that will immediately divide this attempt to unity in integration. so it's very important what we've seen in the past few days with this. we mature coming together, but there's a long way to go. we see boys is that more and more integration with the north with the united states and the european union. and they want to ration with their own south american encourage neighbors. so it will not be an easy fee to achieve this unity and an ongoing way care, i'm a, is it a, a realistic ambition of

a south america that have its own version of, of the e u, of african union. how does the continent move past organizations that ultimately turn into clubs for ideologically aligned allies? what, what time zable benefits would such a grouping need to deliver to out last the confidence ever shifting political landscape a show? so 11 american integration is long lost in dream region. it's goes back to the 19th century, south american integration, which is what we're talking about as the whole reason. as it words in actually a brazilian consensus, roughly speaking between the center left and the center, right? it stops in the ninety's even the, the center right then on the president, kind of those, those in favor of south american regional space and then much more that size typically under lula and the suspect. ready the century, the community of south american nations was present in 2004, and finally in 2008, the own us with the 12 member sites back. it was granted that they're not

geological numbers so far and it had 12 countries. i'm on the left side on the right and the only common denominator with joe. you have to be a south american nations, but then from 2052016 almost as a shift to the right then quite radical right in 2019, always in brazil, you know, it's also not of a sort of very radical reaction. be right, accompanied by trump and united states who encourage latin american countries to drop the strings of bands and south american unity as a return to the sort of the fall. the monro isn't, which is often the type of using latin america. you know, the monroe doctrine that you, us genuine and ship and expressions, they organized the organization which best bodies. this is the organization of american states, which has its headquarters in washington, which is a type that you manage and controlled by the us. and of course, you. busy hasn't really wanted an independent group of states. ready strategic

bolts on it, such as on that sort. now with a shift to the left, we seeing the possibly the sort of the re kindled. but obviously the, the, we saw it yesterday at the summit. i mean, not really was some more reasonable, right? we have just biggest presidents on simple to sort of understand the strategic interest of the region. no, no doesn't want it to be a club of less this. you want, that was everybody on both for me, all sides of the political spectrum to understand the south american region that is in the south american organizations. and that's what it is in the collective address, the whole 12 countries in a wealth which, as you said, the beginning of the show is going to be increasingly dominated by regional box with a new called wall, you know, emerging on the horizon. and you're going to need some kind of regional geo politics and muscle to face the challenges due to come in while a majority of south africa, south american leaders, a country leftist or a centrist. the region is more idealistically pluralistic that has been for some

time, right? now, i mean there is no guarantee is that things will stay this way as i is it, is it perhaps just a matter of time before a grouping like the one that the president luna, the silver falls apart again on ideological grounds. is this the best way to, to achieve the unity among the south american nations that the president, no one of the sofa is looking for as well? um that is the price of uh, not proceeding in the letter in america. um, i mean, let me make a police, police are competitive and you can have changes in government and not for nation the power. and is the people of the south america who, who decided that those changes. and i would say happily to some extent of those other nations happen happen regularly or the other hand, um i would, i mean, president knew that couldn't have said a better yesterday by um,

by giving an example um brazil and argentina for instance. i have a, a bilateral trade with getting them out to $3035000000000.00 a year. that is, that is massive, but it's very, very important. and in a way he was comparing that for a be to present or not. and you know, the, to the train that happens every year, this is result of the union that he's probably only ation, i'd be more dollars. so he was by giving that example, i'm explaining that base the integration is effort has to be very for and that the trade between resiliency now is crucial for companies and businesses in both countries. so why not finding ways to, to uh, not only improve the conditions for that uh that trade to happen. and, and for example, one of the,

one of the ideas that people disable was why not building a common courtesy that would allow the dns to perform that trade exchange without resorting to us dollar. why should not be a trade to use the m o, then and instead of find, find a major arrangement. so, a little more that integration goes into the base practical aspects. like the one i'm quoting at of races you could say these very difficult for south american students to go from one country to another and come back to other countries and, and just know exercise their profession with a degree or a promo thing in a south american nation, so the moment just started moving into that direction and the people see the concrete benefits is going to be very much harder for any other government or because. ready you know, as conservative as it could be to explain to their approximations of their,

their walking away from such a i would say that again, but it's really committed to just briefly what, what would a regional trade currency look like? you know, i mean it's, it's, it's something that could be, you know, what was in existence in, in we, in the european community before existence of the euro. what do you need a see as you have making this is you didn't, you didn't actually mean to move for most common courtesy, because that would require, i mean, a long lasting export of converges of the different monetary policy that probably had a, it's a bit ambitious to or probably the sort of that could be made of the, the company. but why not having, you know, 8888 coming, coming a courtesy that, that c, p allows, you know, the different central banks to compensate the trade. you know, those who has

a young there existed in the past, we mean the latin america innovation is not, is not a new idea. what we need is the use of those tools for you is to just the um, the, the, into the standards. each of our other regions as the which in which aspects which areas of the economy it makes sense at 3 very further, i would just say one of the v, that's something that for the talked about yesterday. why would some south american nations import their gas or oil from a remote region when the revealed banners. busy have immense reserves just because there's no, you know, there's no 5 might be in the region. so those 5, the, those, the through structures needs to be done. and that needs to be a, uh, some effort in order to, uh, uh, you know, to allow for those for those uh, uh,

products to happen. okay. tiny, the president of, uh, president my daughter at the summit made some leaders even less leading ones uncomfortable. did president luna to sort of go too far in his embrace of that as well as president to that's certainly been the headline in bloomberg in the new york times in the fall of the us media outlets here in the us. you can even mention that as well. there's no objective analysis. there's no sociological, historical, critical understanding of everything this happened in venezuela just like is a rush of all the. is it that as well with all the, there's a new cold war mentality. why shouldn't the elected representatives of all countries as, as the guest said, regardless of their id id, ology, this is a geographic unity that they're trying to build. so of course,

a leadership from off the continent should be invited. it's so important to break this dollar dependency. the debt traps the structural adjustment programs from the i m. s and the world bank and some have done so much damage economy car. and so you can begin to break this historical dollar dependency the supremacy of the dollar. and will washington has consistently done is they have notified any presidency, any leadership, any country that has tried to oppose their uni polar designs for the region. that's why we have, i think, what can only be termed as sensationalism against nicholas. my little girl at luna said that there was very large prejudice against the country and that the image of an empty democratic venezuela was a narrative promoted by the western countries imposing harsh sanctions that

exacerbate the countries humanitarian and he cannot make crisis. did he, as jimmy's president, has argued make lights of the human rights violations in, in venezuela? so i think the approach to venezuela is a response to a growing consensus, but isolating venezuela as being counter productive has created actually much of the problems that are criticized. so you can see if you look at evolution of the best way to g d or even the migration, there's been a lot of talk of been sort of migration in the region, but also to the united states. and if you look at it, you look at you have a solution of those figures over the last few years. that's. busy busy you know, the origins lie in the sanction that americans are more and more aware that sanctions i've been. ready using well venezuela for example, not to be able to export since may next portfolio, which obviously so there is way to facing great economic and social on ship. and

then this obviously having to trickle down a. busy on a property and on migration and so on and so forth. so i think generally speaking in the region room that was facing press government. but there's a growing consensus even in the main stream diplomacy that the sanctions have not worked. not any of that, not a cheap region change, which was the open admitted goal of the united states, but they've actually created a broader regional crisis. and everybody's kind of set up with this and wants to move on. and i think it's important to this, to insert this and this kind of returnable nestled and retired himself, american geo politics, and the 12 south american heads of states getting together to discuss they know something, as you said, you know, and agreeing to disagree. and sometimes having all spots for each other, but all sitting at the table and discussing this in contrast to what has happened

of the. busy 2 years in the organization of american states, it's important to remember the top of ministration actually managed to get the self proclaimed president with no digital one. why know to be the representative of venezuela? you know, it, yes there's, there's no precedents of that. yeah, there was no sort of opposition to, you know, shay or even if you know, castro sitting in some, you know, vented a see to yes, this is from using the very to person academy of the united nations and in all of the, most of the actual for a it's the venezuela or because moodle, you know, an international. busy of the country, which is the government which represents the country, is the government control surgery and control institution. this is international, but somehow the united states and the oh yes, i guess in general, inventive decides to configure the opposition could suddenly take the states or been as well. and the organization sites. and this shocks, i would say, even mainstream that the, sorry, like this. and so what we saw yesterday was not receiving the router and then my

little actually, you know, having a meeting with the other 11 presence of region. some of them who disliked mother to strongly, you know, undoubtedly that is kind of a return of, i'd say, john to negotiate a young to have diplomacy as opposed to just reading change. this incentive regencia engine. is that the ongoing now there was actually. ready several crew attempts for 19 which failed my buddhist still that i think the general consensus, even amongst people who are presidents, who disliked my daughter is. busy they're going to have to sit down with my daughter and come some kind of mothers. you're going to be of some kind of agreement. and i think that. ready rulers, you know, that is a spirit everyone is meeting with my go to yes it okay. to me. i mean, i just don't wanna spend too much with the program talking about the venezuela in particular. but most of you from contact us on this, why is it so important now to bring venezuela in from the cold as well? a, it is very important because of the one hand venezuela's economy you started to,

you know, grow again and, and, but it's a, you know, way have shown that it a, it's, it's problems that nobody deny can only be solved by the others. and that, uh for your appearance as the young mansion and especially when, when it easy because it's just sanctions and, and, and hopefully we can change products and what was, what was a applied for the very doing the type of destruction. uh, only rings, you know, hockey, uh for the people of the country and, and, and um, nice uh, finding solutions, social yeah, driven solutions. uh more more difficult. so now the, the, the has had overcome. uh, that critical period. it is time for the region to focus on a, uh,

an agenda that is more uh, that has more to do with what can the country used to work together in order to improve their situation. rather than having an institution that is only there or you know, once that's included in other or duties of countries and basically pointing out what they dislike about the turn on products and stuff. i versus i wouldn't be an example uh through know through as being extremely stable uh, probably not have the like to need or finishing extern were for, for over a decade. and, and still there is no international mobilization, you know, to, to metal in the beginning channel is there, why does it happen in that as well? because that is the last to the where's largest or reserves and the, or has had an approach to the management of those reserves. the probably is not of

the taste of the united states administration or some major oil companies. so again, the more things about finding solutions and mentoring. so there's a problem, tony, you've touched up on it in, in your last onset, out of the us view, a more united and therefore assertive grouping of south american nations. and i'm, and this regional currency that, that would be designed to rival the us dollar in the us foreign policy establishment is dead set against the success of a sort of a south american improve in unifying currency. michael rubio, last month's on fox news express that if there was no longer dependency on the dollar, if the dollar no longer reigned supreme in these countries could begin the same age, the club, the sanction, the club of the blockaded marco rubio is a, is

a representative of the republicans of the us foreign policy establishment was, was very, very afraid to cut off because could find a ride into it. right. and that's fine. but possibly the, in the past could find our mexican city in mexico city could find beijing. so all roads these days seemed to lead away from washington. that's why there's so much fear. that's why the guy behind this crew attempts against pedro castillo in, bu, in the now supporting the cool government of us. but why did the ed representation in, in brazil? yeah, yesterday i'm doing everything depended towards the gabrielle portage board. it seems to spend more time seeking cut out this than he does washington, when his own country was the victim in survivor of the $911.00. 1973. cool. so i, i certainly think that bodies has to sit down and re examine his talking points in

his priorities. we've seen a more polls. lopez over the lord, we've never heard the mexican presidency since the 1950s speaking these national nationalist and international as the terms. so i do think overall the 2nd integration of the pink tied, the synthesis is more a south american integration and in, in unity and true self determination. but his way hearing is many, many challenges come move from the edge of any of the north who doesn't want to see the rise of this multi pole. the world is on the horizon and it's in construction right now. in brazil you are in south africa or in across the world. okay. then it at the gear and we've got about 2 minutes left of of the program. one final question to, to what extent is president lula trying to establish brazil as the regions lead to

how to of the south american states view brazil right now. and are they willing to, for the line behind it politically? i think it's going to take a little while there to governments you so i didn't somebody just today who is kind of resist the idea of when i so i mean one of them, the government of europe, why the president accepted or not. so what i'd like to use of a breakfast that, you know, that's really what it looked like at the time is still the current president's obviously for the, for the present of you're why honestly like, how do you kind of uncomfortable to have left with a so and to have to go back in, where's all the other ones, maybe they were in favor of at the time that they weren't actually present. they weren't actually the ones that left the union. so it's sort of a problem to go back in and uh, yeah, accepts luna's invitation. so i think it's going to happen in the medium to long term. we now have 7 members who are not sold out of the 12 original members, so there's still 5 countries that have to go back in the columbia to new york life hired why they put all the other 7 assignment back in with brazil and argentina

recently going back in the month of april and yeah, brazilian leadership and who is the the ship short phase in a row. and it's an old resident dream or a true south american subsystems, uh, the atlantic ocean of south america, which is dominated by medical school, but common market. it's designed to add on the pacific, the indian side, the pacific. historically, the community evaluated states lines. uh, but those 2 subsystems don't really communicate with each other. and one of the historic jump, let's go. goal is to brazil to try and unify posit pacific coast to the atlantic coast in one big geo political area. okay, not just markets, but political area as well. and i think that's likely we've know that we've had the exception with us and not as i think i'm speaking on. and i think it's likely to continue and visit in foreign policy. and i think it's likely to be successful. gentleman, we're out of time manufacturing day for being with us kind of products, phones alone. get on long, and then a shall a thank you for watching. don't forget,

you can see the park and i get it any time by going to the website. i will just 0, don't com. this way you'll find it for further discussion, join our facebook page that's at facebook dot com forward slash a inside story. as you can join the conversation on twitter handle at a dre inside story. for me, adrian, for the good of the team here at the off. thanks for being with us. we'll see you again. bye for the the

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