it looked like in places where it was rocky, we could not drag and we had to carry him on elpacs with difficulty. we had to bring him down from camp full carrying him on alpax because dragging was impossible . it took me 5 to 6 hours to get from 8500 meters to 7900. was very difficult for me to go. it was important for us to risky him even from the summit. money can be used any time left like that. he could have died. we have saved his life, leaving the summit. the service is out. is there a these are the top stories and the president let him incidents he has said that the ukraine is a ready to be in nature as waiting for the military. lots would meet his country in

attending the european political community summit enrolled over me while ukraine says at least 3 people, including a child to be killed in russian estrada to the capital case. at least 12 others were injured. the matter is urging people to stay in shop. at least 17, the civilians have been killed in chalet as a marketing students capitol, of called to it comes off to the army, pulled out of talks and saudi arabia with the reference full force as united states . as prepared to continue mediation efforts. have a morgan has more now from on demand this is just one of the attacks that took place in the capital. so to me, yesterday there was several of attacks as well. but this has been the most space. so in a single attack, since the conflict started with 17 people killed, that was civilians killed and obviously since the south of the conflict, but never in a single day, has there been such a high desktop and the number of injuries at the same time as trade is most

decorated soldiers lost a landmark defamation case against these papers, accusing him of war crimes. been robert smith had suited 3 local outlets, the legs t killed on prisoners and civilians while he was having enough gun. this done, the routing is a victory for media seeking greater accountability for us to and his ministry, which is bound by confidentiality, last year report fund, credible evidence, members of his training, special forces killed thousands of on christmas in afghanistan and the united nation says, lack of funding is forced it to cut aid for hugo refugees living in bangladesh. monthly russians will be reduced to $8.00 per person from, says they move in a 1000000 of the minority movements that persecution in the mo, the united nation says the international community is not doing enough to help a copper smelter on the coast of chile blamed for decades and talk to gas pollution is being shut down environment,

let's say the ponti quintero has turned the area into what they called a sacrifice. so last week, nearly 100 students complained to respect few problems from breathing sulfur dioxide. the headlines, the stream is coming right up to the website. is there a dot com the basically entities the un fits the purpose was like many critics sites just pub solution doesn't get anywhere near enough done to the amount of money that is put into a hard hitting into b. c. think look to the lines of washing, it's enough for money to go on its own and built it's on thoughts providing on for centuries, people have been taking care of our so i have every confidence that future generations will do it as well via the story on told to how does era the high us, i mean okay, side to watching the stream. a $193.00 countries have agreed to and plastic

pollution that same time membership of the united nations. now they have to put on a legally binding document on today's episode of the string. we also care about how to tackle past the pollution award is at stake globally. your thoughts, your comments put right here on each meeting on the stage where they agree on measures to standardize the design of plastics. so they'll say to use and be cycle. i would really like to see countries take a human and environmental health approach to addressing the full life cycle of plastics through mandatory managers. what we need are a range of measures that cop virgin plastics production that we shape pot sends of consumption and protect valuable and vulnerable communities such as waste. because those and small island developing states that are on the front line of plastics, pollution. and also want to have remediation as was impacts on may,

the 29th united nations environment program will be hosting round to all of these negotiations to talk about the global plastics tweeting, who's going to be at the table. one of the big issues with joining us to talk about this in paris, we have andres the castillo, a senior attorney with the center for international environmental though in california in the us. show peachtree, executive director of people as a plastic and implant time along the way to one game is in myra. go upon that and competing with the development n g o t f fund is really good to have you. i think 1st of all, what is going to be the most controversial aspect of rental to of these negotiations address? no that embarrass? what are you? what are you not looking forward to having to discuss? thank you so much. a payment for the invitation. this is really the time of the conversation i'm on, i'm really glad to, to charge the pa, the, and with the,

with the other part of these, the 1st of all, the we cannot really feel here in periods that i'm beyond of the, of what is going on with the classic 22nd round negotiations, why? because 1st you have seen the whole week, we have many, many events, you know, with the per month and they go say, tours and deals. everybody's coming together to try to set the scene on the ton of what will be a really difficult negotiation. first, what i don't want to see is and deals outside of the un venue of the you. i'm building one, everybody that was reduced or to be inside of the building. this is kind of the 1st thing that they want to see on. they want to see discussions on the substance on less discussion seem to proceed on mothers who's at the table to one guy. the right people at the table is not always the right people. uh, as under, as it'll did. there was just the,

there was that has been discussed at 44 people society who can enter the venue. i think it is important that everybody is represented as people society usually has, brings in all the different voices because they're waiting with different communities. and this treaty is about justice. what about ensuring everybody doesn't my so quick uh, income level you'll uh, should have the rights of age relations that protect all health. i know ecosystems from from the plastic pollution. so. oh oh, i mean, oh, voices should have that opportunity to be at a in the room. but at the moment maybe that that, that may not be difficult. all right to, to get what you dislike for me. you will, mike finished his rubbing on your beautiful blouse, just hold away from your blouse and then we can enjoy the rest of your conversation . she'll pity this idea of developing countries and he owes no matrix interview to

go solutions. that's really, really serious. can you tell us why they need to be that? because when we talk about classic pollution, the rich countries send the caustics to the developing world. so who should be at the table in great numbers, surely the developing? well, that's absolutely cracked and i'm honestly appalled that this is a current situation, and i don't want to speak for our colleagues in the global south since i'm within the united states. but i'll give them a reflections based on working on this issue at the global level. um, as we we know we've, we've research this type in time again, plastic pollutes at every stage of its life cycle from extraction to production and disposal and especially on that disposal. and we know how burden communities in the global south are compared to welfare nations, as you stated. and this is because of the key, a few key reasons which i want to numerate. first, the companies headquartered in the global north are pumping out products of largely low value, single use plastic to countries in the global style to

a very different waste management infrastructure, then welfare nations, they simply weren't designed to absorb this amount of waste. and to that point, no country is as we see those playing out in welfare nations. we're outsourcing our plastics problem in the form of waste colonization, which means shipping and dumping ways to last resource countries to deal with. so imagine these nations that are already overburdened with so much plastic and now they're getting dumped by other countries, which is really a moral and ethical question at the end of the day. so i'm absolutely disappointed by this decision and, you know, it's also this, this is story about the and equities that continue exec to exist when we talk about plastic and climate impacts. i'm, i'm wondering, address, can this be fits quite quickly? the 2nd mountain negotiations hasn't even started yet. is it too late to bring more

people who are impacted by plastic pollution into the 2nd negotiations, or are we talking about? will they going to be included the next time? yeah, it's not too late actually, because you will have already more than 2700 people in the paris that are reduced there. but only a few of them will be able to enter even the venue. even the corey doors. no, i'm not talking even the the room itself because the pen or a room have some capacity, of course, like for around 1300 people. right. but we are going to see some discussions i've got going to sleep during the whole week in small rooms that can't bear more than $300.00 people around. so wherever the i've seen the day years like on the on of complexity how to make sure that we guarantee the voices of the boss affected by plastic pollution from the at upstream part,

meaning extraction of those who feels the production of, of uh, bypass okay. me cuts off of top 6 plastics on the waste disposal on the entering to the environment. so how about the guarantee that there's different recipes for the 1st is we want to enter into the room, or we need also to be able to see where are the negotiation are happening and on things are being we have the technology right now for that right this is what we're using right now. yeah. so this is an example of something that we can do now, but these, they called the call of a failed or foretold of, cuz they knew that was per been. that was something that they knew that over and over there is an explanation of the grow, not only on plastic production, but on people interested in negotiations. so you know that if you're going to have 1500 for the, for the browns, are going to kind of how this is the same as are under. so this is a just explain. yeah, i want to move back to to one day because how you, how you, so for it was

a negotiations. it's problematic if you're not including or of the voice is basically the ones most impacted. but the reason this is important is because plastic pollution impacts out how can you give our audience some examples? so they, then it's like, it's just an argue about the civil society need to be that and developing world needs to be that is because plastic pollution kills us. it exactly. i'll tell you, find me about, i'll tell you about me. i leave in bland tie. in the city, when i should have, i mean this a to should be collecting my waste. i should have the option to separate my waste and i know that my plastic is, is well disposed of. but i don't, i have to pay a private company to come and collect my waste and it is not separated with across the valley from where i'm leaving is a community that doesn't you have the option of a private collection coming through. and so what do they do?

the option is to ease that been the plastic, which is a health hazard or they dump it in a drain or nearby river that is close by which piles up increases the risk of flooding us as blood tire. we just had the bi conflated entry. so what's the flooding does this was at a time when we had court, i foresaw. and these plastics can who i sort of a high risk of hosting this bacteria that cause cause. and you can imagine in that sort of past the test and in malawi, at the moment, 80 percent of the plastic for just a single used plastic. and we don't have a process for money to go wasteful. even those people that would want to don't have an option to safely disperse and that they, they don't have they, they, they dump them the brendan because this is what is accessible to them at the moment the student be, i, i like that. and this is why i'm saying it is important that everybody voices is

head. and that, those, that tree to you, that the, that you investigate that this past tree t addresses, these issues makes it possible that everybody has kind of, can, if these uh, for example, we're talking about here, there's an issue of production that needs to be reduced. but for so for that testing the task compound is appropriate measures and everybody has access to those messages to property dispos. and despite and also with that these recycling and when we talk about recycling, we obviously bring into people like i'm saying my, if somebody who's coming with because coming to my house and offering this service, we can't ignore those people. and the by the take the past, the that for the setting to those that want to recycle. so they're providing a service and all these voices need to be here that the treaty need to address all these issues that i and it wouldn't whether they are when you're talking about

plastic pollution, certainly what's on your mind. so i completely agree with what to juan, gave saying it's, it's heartbreaking that there's so much at stake here. and i thought it would be a good opportunity to actually talk about the production piece. so both andreas and one day has related to the production piece quite a bit and it is essential. 99 percent of plastic does come from an oil and gas based resource. so we can ignore the start relationship between plastic and fossil fuels. we talk about communities that are more, most impacted on the production piece. and you know, we have a place called cancer alley in the united states and the gulf south. it's an 85 mile stretch of land between baton rouge and new orleans, louisiana. and it's a predominantly black part of the country and it's literally called cancer alley. it is killing people that made to your point. so we have to make sure we're constantly holding industry giants accountable,

both on the patrick chemical size. we're talking the x times the dallas and the do punch and make sure they're plans of the plastic production. doubling by 2050 doesn't actually go through and the global plastics treaty is a great way to make sure plastic production is actually prioritized in human health, across this life cycle tool that you mentioned waste because we so often overlooked . when we, when we talk about recycling and, and using waste in a very positive way, i just want to show our audience how much waste, because are involved in plastic pollution, 60 percent of plastic recycled is collected by informal waste. because to one day when you live, what does that look like? yes. so like i've mentioned we've got the those that are providing service. so i told you how we didn't have an option for me. you have, you know,

individuals that com knock at the, at your gate and offer that service. they can, i take, you'll, you'll, you'll, you'll package, you pay them as more something and they take it that way. they sort out of it, see that the fastest that they can sell to the recycling company, they'll take and, and sell. then we also have, uh, they like the company that i'm raising now. so they're taking a plastic, taking them to a dump. that is, it, you know, has pad is set up and you have that the with because also there because even in my line we do have the initiative small, medium enterprises that matching up the enterprises to recycle waste. but because we don't operate at weight at so everything is put together, then it is at this dump sites where these people are working and switching out and taking out of the plastic that this one medium enterprises one so that they also put a, the effort in recycling that plastic waste,

i guess the most is what i like. i find you to one day what i like best about where we are at this stage is the people all talking about what is needed to be done, who needs to be in the conversation, but also the united nations environment program also released a report saying this is what we can do practically. no, it's a problem. we don't know what to do. this is what we can do. we have broken it down as a, a very straightforward graphic andres. i am volunteering you to help me just a thoughts as we go through this a unit a say by 2040. it is possible to reduce plastic solutions like 18 percent display using existing technology and making some policy changes. so let's look at some of those policy changes, reduction to just eliminate the problem the necessary plastics in a sentence on this. is that possible? and i'm in terms of this, this is possible, but we need to understand that the plastics are plastic materials on plastic,

on our plastics products too. so the reduction part, it needs to be one of the main part of the equation there. all right? now that i get from you that is really use a promote the reuse of full containers and take back schemes. when i was a kid i ready to face it gets used to be after 5 bottles of pop or soda and then you would get them back and you would get 5 p back. and milk came in bottles and then you put the bottles on your doorstep and then they put milk in those bottles again. and then there was no plastic. there was no copper containers . that's how you did it. mm hm. so the idea of recycling, andreas, or yeah, the recycling is if you noise coming over and over and over, i mean depends the technique that you use. and i will be kind of create the call with the unique report having been having, being invited by them

a days before to read to review the october report. when you look at the headlines, of course, they'll give you help us. we can reduce pollution by 80 percent, but then when you look with a magnifying glass, you see that's what they mean by plastic. pollution is not a touch of the reduction of why the, the scale of plastic pollution, but only the mismanagement of plastic waste and 3, so far evaluating to say something killing me is i the 2nd is go ahead. good. i go here, leave that andres. play, this is not the full story, right, because the headlines love to do that. let me be clear, you know, just asking governments to invest 54000000000 to clean up the plastic oil and chemical sectors. instead of turning off the tap on plastic and oil production, this is a massive disconnect rate. it also backs the questionnaire around corporate responsibility and verify angel responsibility. in simple terms, plastic is a combination of carbon and chemicals,

and we know it's toxic to human health. so i was really hoping it would be a lot more hard hitting on the corporate accountability piece and also framing human how else the i want to use. and that's the last, the last piece of i'm, i'm doing the big, big headlines. but it helps us just understand the extent of this you net report, replace plastic, wrap up alternative materials. so just if it's unnecessary, let's just think of a different ways of packaging our products shopping. yeah, i mean it's, it's kind of what andres website saying about scaling up economies of refill and reuse. the problem is we have become so hyper focused on the convenience solution that it's getting cities to really think about 0 waste infrastructure rather than just the individual and consumer level. so of course, we want to focus on higher value material that have to recycle ability, like lumina, got in gloss, but that go to, you just share of like

a chip bag. that's when it becomes a little bit more difficult to activate that sort of systems change approach. so one guy do you have some ideas of how we can actually get rid of caustic pollution from your part of the world where you're saying as you, this is what we're doing and this is what is possible now. so i think, oh wow, what's it we also talked, i'm think i ship it, touched on it a little bit there. is that because of what people used to? i also he and when i read before, we had the glass bottles that we changed even for our course of the way of soft drinks and things. but now the plastics came in and they sort of a more convenient to, to use and, and keep an eye out taking the, those and taking those as the options. so for me, i feel off for my side of the country, we need to look at the old tennessee but other but we also there's a lot to do with people and they have perceptions and also wanting them to,

to understand and to, to appreciate that is to create linkages because i think important linkages when people understand. so for example, i was talking about the links, we say flooding. you know, city launch, people asking, how are we, how are we having so much like this wasn't being connected. so when people sort of connect the view impacts of what this plastic do, maybe we can also have that change because that is also important. so people choose not to use an actually wants to, to have the bills or say it isn't the month. those alternatives. so that, that they made the middle of the level or that the for more said in the way the government was a feeling they don't just look for the most convenient thing. that is, yeah. think that. so we sort of move us for that. what we're getting some interesting suggestions from our audience who are watching right now on youtube. for instance, we need facts out waste management that involves plastic eating ones to help

compost prospect. so that was one idea from youtube. but i also want to give you an idea that came from what you like, what a big oil. this is from exxon and i really entry to see what you think about this. let's have a look at exxon mobiles facilities in a town near houston, texas. we are turning plastic lease to new materials that are extend technology for advanced recycling. we're breaking down even the difficult to recycle plastics. transforming them into the raw materials that can be used to make many new products . we rely on every day through. and vance. recycling, we can provide customers with certified circular plastics. i am not convinced, not just i'm not convinced, but the researches who do not believe it is possible to have a set economy with plastics. sophie,

when you see that from exxon have they found a way to get to the prospect? so is that side telling me somebody else this the brainwashing um oh, can you hear me? yes i can. this is, this is green washing and it's in its purest form. the term advance recycling is neither advanced or recycling. it's it and it's of course being touted by oil giants like exxon which should already raise some flags. this particular facility is saying it's capable of breaking down $36000.00 metric tons of hard to recycle plastic each year. but there are studies that have actually been conducted by chemical engineers that indicate these plans do little actual recycling and that greenhouse gas emissions, hazardous pollutants like benzine. and it's all providing cover to keep producing millions of tons of new plastic products. so here, let me just bringing up on drugs because when i mentioned adults recycling,

understood this, it's been go ahead, which i'm thinking was like, i don't think so address, go ahead, articulate your thoughts. it's likely think your uh, the, the un chemicals convention on boxes rather than i missed a call at this cost for 4 years. the technical guy done something for a month on some management of plastic waste and concludes 2 weeks ago, one week before at unit release that the report also that's kind of promot chemical recycling that's actually cubic are recycling cons. not because either unemployment or some and management practice and it's not policy both to go see there. that's this is the way to go for countries. so if the whole number of countries decide that that's why we're going to put that in for underscore the plastic sweetie. after 4 years of negotiations, ok, guess i haven't run. it's one more important question and that comes from going piece in the usa and i'm going to post the question of ground will pose the

question. and you don't say is less than 30 seconds. let's have a nice global plastics treaty represents one of the most important and consequential opportunities for the world to move away from fossil fuels that we've had in decades. the key element is will world leaders have the courage to step up to the fossil fuel industry and agree global limits on plastic production and massive reductions to production over time? to one guy? i think that's the most. that's something we've got something with even here in mountain where we have seen plastic regulations that now challenge court and our government, they hasn't seen any move on even getting those because the companies have. okay. so yeah, yeah. come so there's a come. i think it's all right, chelsea i, i, i'm sure i'm sure he's law school, so with all of the guess to ok,

so please go ahead. yeah, great message from graham. i would just add polluters should be kept out of the treaty process. we need a treaty that limits this, this type of influence and addresses right there in paris, waiting for negotiations to thoughts address. yeah, that's actually it. we need to make sure that the, the we give room for the poor devices that need not only do with microphone, but also depends 2 of our, our future. thank you for your voice is on the us shopping to one guy as everybody he joined in on youtube. appreciate you. i'll see you next time. take everybody the, the, the

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