for the rain is set to pick up across southern pots. kara let plus be seen some thunderstorms with the potential for lightning on with the weather for sure. land cut by friday. the adult in norway. now to come in to uncover the missing pieces of family history, but finding her bus mother in store like things little so nice. she discovers shocking revelations about the international adoption process. this is the or one go last between 2 continents on a journey to unlock the secrets of her power. no place like of a witness documentary on al jazeera theatres from south america as 12 stations made in brazil. the 1st president, soon as a silva is quoting from all of us each and even a new single currency. so what his plans could,

they've become reality and what's bringing these countries together. now, this is inside story, the hello. welcome to the program. i'm a tree. instead of going to south america's biggest nation has played host to the continents leaders. it spawns all the drive by brazil's left wing president luis, ignacio looms the silver to create a regional, political, and economic block. there's strength and unity as the saying goes, i just want a brief hold of a trade union leader will be hoping applies to neighboring states to a single currency. if a south america is one plan, he's keen to develop to reduce dependency on the us dollar. he wants small cooperation in areas that include trade, health care, the environment of financing, organized crime boss,

the presence of dentist way those president nicholas my daughter caused some division of life in america, editor, lucy, and human tells us more from presenting on what was discussed behind closed doors, it is the 1st time in nearly a decade, the leaders of all the south american countries actually sit down, face to face, actually behind closed doors and speak frankly about the possibility of finally, right and laying out to the groundwork for regional integration. it is something that they all feel strongly about, particularly at a time when the world is forming into different rocks. they all believe that the south america has to have a voice that is a economically important part of the world. altogether they make up the 5th largest economic block in the world. and right now their voices are not being heard because they are divided. certainly that seems to be the the what the arguments that they are making. however, it's been very difficult to bring about president luna when he was the last president of created or not sure. and that is the union of south american nations

that was supposed to be the the building block for this regional integration. however, it fell apart when the political pendulum in this region swung from the left to the right. the president of venezuela is liter eco. last, my rudo was somewhat divisive. some of the presidents believe that he is and also our terry and leader. and they had no problem telling him so to his face, but my buddha was actually very conciliatory. he simply did not answer the criticisms and said that he was happy to just agree to disagree on those issues. in the end, all the presidents were happy to be able to all sit down together for the 1st time in so long and work towards something that they all believe is important. as president luna said after 500 years, and that is a reference to the arrival of columbus in the americas, we finally have to be able to leave from the margins and have our voice as hard as well. this isn't blue silvas 1st attempt to create unity in 2000 days. he led

efforts to establish eunice original block, modeled on the european union to integrate the 12 south american nations, bought a swing to the political rights on the confident led to the group fracturing disagreements over its leadership and the venezuelan president nicholas, my daughter's involvement. let the 7 countries withdrawing off the 2017 south americas population is maybe 450000000. that's around 5 and a half percent of the world's population. this year. the regions g d p is estimated to be just over 4 trillion dollars, about a cost of that on the you. the confidence is rich in natural resources. brazil is the 2nd largest producer on or well actually produces around a 3rd of the world comp up. it's also the 2nd biggest producer of the increasingly sol, solved a mineral lithium. so let's bring it out. guess for today is discussion from crack us. we're joined to

buy it to the output us pennsylvania, managing director of global software and advisory. he was deputy minister and senior aid, the former president julio chavez and president nicholas. my daughter is chief of staff from bail and we're joined by gail in long city. i had a list of a sense of economic and policy research and for the foreign minister of equitable added miami is danny shaw, professor of life and american and counter being studies at city university new york. he's also international affairs analyst for the tv network tele so i won't welcome t will a danny. let's start with you. president luna to silver has made no secret of the fact that he would like to revive this regional body. eunice or the union of south american nations. is it actually a good idea, the chance of uniting such a divided block of nations? that's because one of the main challenges on a so it could be powerful. now that lula isn't power and there's other,

some other less leading presidencies involving the mexico certainly moved animal. and so i've heard of this direction, of course, nicaragua, cuba, ben, as well as long opposed us foreign policy across the tennessee or the challenges that you know, what if we're both in idle asked type figure is elected in any, any country in the upcoming years that will immediately divide this attempt to unity in integration. so it's very important, but we've seen in the past few days with this insurance coming together. but there's a long way to go. we see voices the board, more integration with the north, with the united states in the european union, and they want integration with their own south american encourage neighbors. so it will not be an easy fee to achieve this unity in an ongoing way. here on a,

is it a, a realistic ambition of a south america that have its own version of, of the e u. old african union. how does the continent move past organizations that ultimately turn into clubs for ideologically aligned allies? what, what time jubal benefits would such a grouping need to deliver to out last the confidence ever shifting political landscape of charles. so 11 american integration is long lost in dream region. it's goes back to the 19th century, south american integration, which is what we're talking about as the whole reason, as words in actually a brazilian consensus, probably speaking between the center left and the center, right. it stops and the ninety's even the the center right then on the president, kind of those, those in favor of south american regional space and then much more that size typically under lula and the suspect. ready the century, the community of south american nations was present in 2004. and finally in 2008

with the 12 member sites back that was created as an online geological number that far and it had 12 countries. i'm on the left side on the right and the only common denominator with joe. you have to be a south american nations. then from 2052016 on wednesdays of ships to the right and quite radical right in 2019, always in brazil, you know, it's also not of a very radical reaction. be right, accompanied by trump and united states who encourage latin american countries to drop the streets of bands and south american unity as a return to the sort of the fall. the monro isn't, which is often the type of using latin america. you know, the monroe doctrine, the you, us genuine evans and expressions they organized the organization which best bodies . this is the organization of american states, which has its headquarters in washington, which is a type that you manage and controlled by the us. and of course you. busy hasn't really wanted an independent group of states. ready strategic bolts on it,

such as on that sort. now with a shift to the left, we seeing the possibility of wellness or the re kindled, but obviously the, the, we saw it yesterday at the summit. i mean, not really was some more reasonable, right? we have just biggest presidents on simple to sort of understand the strategic interest of the region. no, no doesn't want it to be a club of less this. you want, that was everybody on both for me, all sides of the political spectrum to understand the south american region that is in the south american organizations. and that's what it is in the collective address, a full 12 countries in a wealth which, as you said, the beginning of the show is going to be increasingly dominated by regional box with a new called wall, you know, emerging on the horizon. and you're going to need some kind of regional geo politics and muscle to face the challenges due to tamir while a majority of south africa, south american lead. as a country, leftist or a centrist. the region is more idealistically pluralistic that has been for some

time, right? now, i mean there is no guarantee is that things will stay this way as i is it, is it perhaps just a matter of time before a grouping like the one the, the president luna, the silver falls apart again on ideological grounds. is this the best way to, to achieve the unity among the south american nations that the president, no one of the sofa is looking for as well. um that is the price of uh, not proceeding in the letter in america. i mean, let me make a police. police are competitive and you can have changes in government and not from nation, the power. and it's the people of the south america who, who decided that those changes. and i would say happily to some extent of those other nations happen happen regularly. on the other hand, um i would, i mean the president knew that couldn't have said a better yesterday by um,

by giving an example um brazil and argentina for instance. i have a, a bilateral trade with getting them out to $3035000000000.00 a year. that is, that is my son. but it's very, very important. and in a way he was comparing that for a be to present or not, you know, the, to the train that happens every year. this is result of the union that he's probably only a can i get more dollars? so he was by giving that example, i'm explaining that base the integration is effort needs to be very provided. and that the trade between resiliency now is crucial for uh, companies and businesses in both country. so why not finding ways to uh, not only improve the conditions for that uh that tray to happen. and, and for example, one of the,

one of the ideas of people the staple was why not building a common courtesy that would allow the gina to perform that trade exchange without resorting to us dollar. why should not be afraid to use the m. o, then atkins and instead of find, find a major arrangement. so a little more that integration goes into the base shrikestel aspects. like the one i'm quoting. and for instance, you could say these very difficult for south american students to go from one country to another. and come back to other countries and, and just know exercise their profession with a degree or a promo thing in a fellow as how to make a nation. so the moment just started moving into that direction and the people see the concrete benefits is going to be very much harder for any other government or because. ready you know, as sincerity as it could be to explain to their approximations of very,

they're walking away from such a i would say that again, but it's really uncommitted just briefly what, what would a regional trade currency look like? you know, i mean it's, it's, it's something that could be, you know, what was in existence in, in we, in the european community before existence of the euro. what do you need a see as you have making this is you didn't, you didn't actually mean to move for most common courtesy, because that would require, i mean, a long lasting export of converges of the different monetary policy. that probably wouldn't be. it's a bit ambitious to, or probably the sort of that could be made of the disney. but why not having, you know, 8888, coming, coming at courtesy that, that c, p allows you know, the different central banks to compensate the trade. you know,

the, those who has, as the almost there existed in the past the, we mean the latin america innovation is not, is not a new idea. what we need is the use of those tools for you is to just the um, the, the, into the standards of our other regions as see which, which aspect which areas of the economy. it makes sense at 3, the rate for i want to state one of the v. that's something that for the talked about yesterday. why would some south american nations import their gas or oil from a may remote region when the revealed banners. busy have immense reserves, just because there's no, you know, there's no fi price in the region. so those 5, the, those, the through structures needs to be done. and that needs to be a, uh, some of the work in order to, uh, uh, you know, to allow for those for those uh,

uh, products to happen. okay. tiny, the, the president of, uh, president my daughter at the summit made some leaders even less leading ones. uncomfortable. did president luna to sort of go too far in his embrace of that as well as president to that's certainly been the headline in bloomberg in the new york times in the fall of the us media outlets here in the us. you can even mention that as well. there's no objective analysis. there's no sociological, historical, critical understanding of everything this happened in venezuela, just like there's a rush of all the visit that as well as all the, there's a new cold war mentality. why shouldn't the elected representatives of all countries as, as the guest said, regardless of their id? i, the ology, this is a geographic unity that they're trying to build. so of course,

a leadership from off the continent should be invited. it's so important to break this dollar dependency. the debt traps the structural adjustment programs from the i m. s and the world bank and some have done so much damage academy car. and so you can begin to break this historical dollar dependency, the supremacy of the dollar and will washington is consistently done is they have notified any presidency, any leadership, any country that is tried to oppose their uni polar designs for the region. that's why we have, i think, what can only be termed as sensationalism against nicholas. my little girl at luna said that there was very large prejudice against the country and that the image of an empty democratic then his way that was a narrative promoted by the western countries imposing harsh sanctions that

exacerbate the country's humanitarian at economic crisis. did he, as jimmy's president says, acute make lights of the human rights violations in, in venezuela? so i think glued as approach to venezuela's response to a growing consensus, but isolating venezuela as being counter productive has created actually much of the problems that are criticized. so you can see if you look at evolution of a, then his way to g d or even the migration, there's been a lot of talk of the migration in the region, but also to the united states. and if you look at, if you look at a you have a notion of those figures over the last few years. that's. busy busy busy you know, the origins lie in the sanction that americans have more and more aware that sanctions, i think. ready ready as a well better way to, for example, to be able to export since may next portfolio, which obviously least the best way to facing great economic and social on ship. and

then this obviously having the trickle down effect on the property and on migration and so on. and so forth. so i think generally speaking in the region role, i was speaking french government. but there is a growing consensus even in the main stream. diplomacy that the sanctions have not worked. not any of that, not a cheap region change, which was the open and admitted goal of the united states. but they've actually created a broader regional crisis. and everybody's kind of fed up with this and wants to move on. and i think it's important to this to insert this and this kind of returnable nestled and retired himself, american geo politics and the 12 uh, south american heads of states getting together to discuss they know something, as you said, you know, and agreeing to disagree. and sometimes having all spots for each other, but all sitting at the table and discussing this in contrast to what is happening

over the. busy 2 years in the organization of american states, it's important to remember the top of ministration actually managed to get the self proclaimed president with no digital one. why know to be the representative of venezuela? you know, yes. there's no precedent to that. there was no sort of opposition to, you know, shay or even if you know, castro sitting in some, you know, invented a see to yes, this is from using the very to person academy of the united nations and the knowledge of the month to the actual for it's to venezuela or because moodle, you know, an international. busy of the country which is the government which represents the country is the government control stature. ready and control institution, this has international, that's all, oh, united states and you. oh yes, i guess in general, inventive decides that some think of the opposition could suddenly take the state. so then as well and the organization sites, i'm just shocked. i would say even mainstream that the, sorry, like this. and so what we saw yesterday,

we're not receiving the and then my little actually, you know, having a meeting with the other 11 presence of region. some of them who disliked mother to strongly, you know, undoubtedly or that is kind of a return of, i'd say, john to negotiate a young to have diplomacy as opposed to just reading change this attend the virginia engineers later on. busy and now there was actually, there were several who attends pretty 19, which failed my buddhist still that i think the general consensus, even amongst people who are presidents who dislike my daughter is. busy they're going to have to sit down with my daughter and come to some kind of mother. so you're going to be of some kind of agreement. and i think that. ready rulers yeah, that is a spiritual group in his meeting with my daughter. yes it okay. to me. i mean i just don't wanna spend too much with the program talking about the venezuela in particular, but most of you from come back us on this. why is it so important now to bring venezuela in from the cold as well a, it is very important because of the one hand venezuela's economy you started from,

you know, grow again and, and, but it's a, you know, way have shown that it a, it's, it's problems that nobody denies can only be solved by the others, and that uh for your appearance as the young mansion. and especially when, when it is the position of sanctions and, and, and hopefully we can change products. and what was, what was a applied for the theory during the time of distraction, uh, only rings, you know, har said uh for the people, uh, the country and, and, and a nice uh, finding solutions, sensual. yeah. 2 of the solutions. uh more, more difficult. so now the, the, the has had overcome. uh, that critical period. it is time for the region to focus on a, uh,

an agenda that is more, that has more to do with what can the country do to work together in order to improve their situation. rather than having an institution that is only there or you know, once that's included in other or duties of countries and basically pointing out what they dislike about the toner products and stuff. i versus i wouldn't be an example uh through know through as being extremely i'll stable, uh, probably not have the like to need or finishing and stern work for uh, for over a decade and, and still there is no international mobilization, you know, to, to metal in the beginning channel is there, why does it happen in that as well? because that is the last to the where's largest oil reserves and the i have had a. busy to the management of those reserves,

the probably is not of the taste of the united states administration or some major oil companies. so again, the reason was they got more sense about finding solutions and mentoring. so there's a problem, tony, you've touched up on a, in, in your last onset, out of the us view, a more united and therefore assertive grouping of south american nations. and i'm and this regional currency that, that would be designed to rival the us dollar in the us foreign policy establishment is dead set against the success of a sort of a south american improve in unifying currency. michael review last month on fox news express that if there was no longer dependency on the dollar, if the dollar no longer reigned supreme in these countries could begin the same age, the club of the sanction the club of the blockaded marco rubio is a, is

a representative of the republicans of the us foreign policy establishment was, was very, very afraid to cut off because could find a ride into it. right. and that's fine. but possibly the, in the past could find our mexico city in mexico city. could find beijing. so all roads these days seemed to lead away from washington. that's why there's so much fear. that's why the guy behind this crew attempts against pedro castillo in b 2 and then now supporting the cool government of us. but why did the ed representation in, in brazil? yeah, yesterday. and they doing everything depended towards the gabrielle portage border seems to spend more time seeking cadillac us than he does. washington, when his own country was the victim in survivor of the 9111973. cool. so i, i certainly think that bodies has to sit down and re examine his talking points and

his priorities. we've seen them up all lopez or whatever, or we've never heard of a mexican presidency since the 1950s speaking these national nationalist and international as the terms. so i do think overall the 2nd integration of the pink tied, the synthesis is more a south american integration and in, in unity and true self determination. but his way hearing is many, many challenges come move from the edge of any of the north who doesn't want to see the rise of this multi polar world is on the horizon and it's in construction right now. in brazil you are in south africa or in across the world. okay. that is a to give them a we've got about 2 minutes left of, of the program. and one final question to, to what extent is president lula trying to establish brazil as the regions lead to

how 2 of the south american states view brazil right now? and are they willing to fully the line behind it politically? so i think it's gonna take a little while there to governments you so i did some it yesterday who are kind of resist the idea of when i so i mean one of them, the government of europe, why the president accepted or not. so what i'd like to use about breakfast that you know, because that's really what it looked like at the time is still the colored, president's obviously for the, for the present of uruguay. understood. i got you, it's kind of uncomfortable to have left with a so and to have to go back in where's all the other ones? maybe they were in favor of at the time that they weren't actually present. they weren't actually the ones that left the union. so it's the problem to go back in and uh yeah, accepts lunas uh invitation. so i think it's gonna happen in the medium to long term. we now have 7 members who have sold out of the 12 original members. so there's still 5 countries that have to go back in the columbia to new york life hired why they put all the other 7 assignment back in with brazil and argentina

recently going back in the month of april and yeah, brazilian leadership and who is the the ship short phase in a row, and it's an old resident dream or a trail south american subsystems, the atlantic ocean of south america, which is dominated by medical school, but the common market that's designed to add on the pacific, the indian side, the pacific. historically, the community evaluated states lines uh, but those 2 subsystem don't really communicate with each other. and one of the historic jo financial goal is to brazil to try and unify was the pacific coast of the atlantic coast in one big geopolitical area. not just markets, but political area as well. and i think that's likely throughout the role that we had the exception with us and none of that, i think that was a frequent on. and i think it's likely to continue and visit in foreign policy. and i think it's likely to be successful. gentleman, we're out of time manufacturing day for being with us kind of products, pennsylvania on guild long, and then

a shall a thank you for watching. don't forget, you can see the park and i get it any time by going to the website. i will just 0, don't com. this way you'll find it for further discussion, join our facebook page that's at facebook dot com forward slash a inside story. as you can join the conversation on twitter handle at a dre inside story for me, i agree, and for the good of the team here at the off, thanks for being with us. we'll see you again. bye for the the june 1967,

6 days the read through the mass of them at least 2 dark colored hair crust appeared from a distance just as we were focusing on them. they dropped the bombs on the run out as they were exposed to the events leading to the window and its consequences, which i still felt today. and it was because that is such a da, the surface when the war in june on out his era. it's not easy watching your children leave says might s anything else? my she's the mother of 2 children are among the millions of cubans now living in the united states. i'm desperate to go to them. the situation here is getting worse . every day. i need to be with my children and my new economy. no proof of i knew we had a team coupon, where young people go abroad in search of a better future, leaving their relatives to behind. your ones are leaving the country in record numbers to us. government figured shows that over to 150000 cubans and for the us

illegally can appear to 13 months. economic situation is the driving force. many have those tools that anything will change too, but has prided itself when it's universal care and education system funding. increasing migration has presented our new challenge, an aging population. people fly too old to leave, but unable to survive. if they stay we understand the differences and similarities of cultures across the world. so no matter when you call home, we'll put you going to use in car into trask that match a t in the untold mccrae and these are the top stories on al jazeera because in senegal has of course it's leading all physician figure. and presidential title has been sancho of ripe charges.