to the southwest airlines flight quickly, but said to the put way to the emergency landing, the company says the crust has been grounded, while the costs of the engine fine is reviewed, or replacement flights was organized the past. just so they arrived in mexico just a few hours later and plan the you want to go visit with lisa hill, robins, 100 by the top stories defense cheese from the west africa block. and it was the ready for the military division to the georgia. assume is that given the go ahead from the heads of state, the group says the false is not the preferred option, but does not believe it and less dialogue or member bus to solve because presidency has to be hot or committed elements. how come it could be on the equipment? they have plummeted, the own resources. doing that,

take this mission. so i tell you, we are ready to go. any time the order is given, the leaders of the united states, south korea, japan say that the shooting and a new era of trial, actual partnership. they announced a series of measures aimed at bolstering cooperation, georgia, somebody to the us presidential retreats of cub david. the initiatives include setting up a hotline for regional crises, annual military exercises on the saturday of data, and those career launches. today, we've made history for the 1st ever stand alone summit between the leaders of our 3 countries. us as well as our commitment to meet together on the leader level annually and to have all our relative cabinet members people feed on a regular basis for from this point on just this year. not next year forever.

that's the intention. 6 republican presidential candidates take fools of attempting to validate that level to weigh just stays area, double trumpet beat it dies. it seems like a terry book does attending all the slower florida governor on desantis on the phone, but us vice president mike pens a 33 year old position us has been convicted of living 7 babies. lucy laughed b is also guilty of the attempted murder of 6 small to the day to hospital unit where she worked the full, the child's level stress about student cats has been charged with giving false evidence to a positive entry inquiry into corruption. because is that just, i'm trying to look type of phase governments, electric roll it offering favors to a russian investor. those with the headlights will be back with more news and half now. next it's counting. the costs to do stay with us is in the lead up to ecuador is unexpected. snap elections, outgoing president b. and the last one has declared the state of emergencies we 60 days throughout the

country following the assess the nation of presidential candidates. but none of the sends you stay without a 0 over development. the other one, adrian said, again, this is counting the cost on al jazeera, your wiki, looked at the world of business and economics. this way to saudi arabia is spending big on football, american investors, and celebrities also scoring and european leaves. so will a massive deals re shape. so come also this week from digital low mass to work stations. we look at different trends and we're both working and explore. if it's time for us all to go back to the office and is why is that going on? millions of jump less young people in south africa. the new and wonderful nations

record unemployment is taking time. the christina ronaldo coming, benson study on monday and just recently name on global football styles, packing the bags and leaving europe for saudi arabia with jewel dropping salaries. some of them already making that day be with the saudi pro leak, which kicked off last week. the move to little of football icons, aims to transform the game in saudi into one of the world's top competitions. but analysts say it's also part of a plan to modernize the kingdoms economy and diversify it away from oil. the world's biggest crude exposure has invested hundreds of millions of dollars in other sports, including focusing gulf and car racing plans to launch an investment company. as part that supper and well funded to develop the support set top box critics, the q saudi arabia of sports, washing or using sports to cover up it's human rights. violations of that gulf.

countries are also ramping up their investment in sports capital, which host of the 2022 world cup wants to buy the british football club, mattress to united its premier league viable. and neva, manchester city was bought by an ever rossi company owned by a royal family member in 2008. but it's not just the middle east, west and celebrities, and also investing in football, american firms, a doing so to private capital. now funds more than a 3rd of clubs in england, france, germany, italy, and spain. that's according to financial analysis from pitch book. the cost of buying plans is estimated to risen by 9 percent per year on average in the past decade. it's expected to reach record levels in the coming seasons. joining us not for parents to sign a chadwick, he's a professor of sports and geo political economy at the scam up business school. it's not a good to have you with us all these investments, particularly the ones by the gulf nations. these, these big amounts of money gotta re shape the game that they already have. if you

think about the cats i will coping twins 2 twins to the 1st time the, the tournament was in the middle east. we think about abu dhabi at city football group, which is now a global franchise network. we've never seen this kind of thing before. and of course the, i now have saudi arabia are investing huge amounts of money in football and essentially is creating a lead and a set of teams to is beginning to rival, in terms of, of prominence the, the english probably legally going span and so forth. so, you know, it's not, not the case of willie re shape. they already were shaping. okay. and is it for the good of the game? critics say that it's, it's sports washing. but when you have this amount of money being invested into clubs and players and the infrastructure and stadiums, i mean that's all to the benefit of, of fans, isn't it? and i think it, what's important to say is, is this is the global game. and one of the reasons that we're all engaged with the sport it is because it's because it's the global game and yet for

a long periods of time, essentially, european football is dominated. obviously south american football has been very strong, but football elsewhere in the world. certainly hasn't had the prominence all the attention of, of, of some of those european nations. at the same time what we see that here, there are huge investments in infrastructure and creating competitions in even delivering content to, to, to view is around the world. so that help in improvements of course, i think one of the that the, the big concerns is about competitive balance. we know that in certain competitions, big clubs, with big owners, big money, a dominating and a nice uh, a really important issue in terms of that the, the health and quality of, of, of the sports in terms of the, the sport washing arguments. there's no doubt that there are imaging reputational benefits associated with being a prominent member of global football. we look at, for example, what has happened in britain during the colonial periods?

when obviously, britain was involved in all manner of as different pursuits around the world, sometimes not particularly negative. they used football to manage the major reputation. so i only was seeing anything new. what is important that feeling is that football is a, is a, is a language that people understand, you know, people, people don't need to have football explained to them. hence, countries like saudi arabia are using football because it's, it's a way of engaging audiences. and as i said through that comes the opportunity to monitor, you mentioned reputation, i'm picking up on what you were saying before we go on to sports, watching this, this multi club ownership. i mean, that raises issues, as you say, in terms of being a fair play regulations, particularly if you've got one country owning several cub, good clubs who play ultimately in, in, in the same competitions. what's it and guessing about multi club ownership is, is, in essence it's, it's franchising and in other industrial sectors. if we think about fast food,

all coffee, we've got franchise businesses all over the world. we know we don't question this. what i think is significant about this multi club own and shipping football is, is that it's, it's unusual. that's the 1st thing. it's new and people have got to get used to it . but more than that, it reading box at football is being an industry rather than a sports. and that's the crucial part of this. clearly there are, there are some major challenges for the managers of clubs and sure, and consistency of performance across the franchise network is one issue. but in terms of governing sport, we're increasingly finding that the clips that are owned by the same company, by the same person, beginning to play each other in international competitions. and there is the potential for conflict of interest. you know, if you have 2 clubs, sable and a playing against each other in a knockout competition, you know, and never to be there is some day to day. so there are real challenges ahead for governors as well. and i think there are also challenges to it in terms of funds, because obviously the nature of the franchise clubs is we're all the different to

the nature of clubs that many people use to. yeah, i, i wanted to pick up on that. i, i, is europe, in the rest of the world heading towards to think of an american model in terms of, in a baseball megs and a. okay. and a basketball. what's really funny is that there is a view that, that the americans run the sport like communists and the europeans run their uh, that sport site free market capitalist. so $88.00 me, i guess there is a point at which pops the to begin to converge with one another. what that means is, is that essentially the united states has got a very managed approach to, to, to that leak structures. so franchises are awarded. there is a particular orientation towards salary caps to was closed leagues in europe. we don't have that we, we don't necessarily have those salary caps, although we do have some financial regulation. we certainly don't have close leagues. we have promotion allegation,

but i think what we sole with european super league developments a couple years ago is, is a move towards this, this kind of orientation or perhaps a close you repeatedly, perhaps we're heading towards a close global league. and i think countries like so he may be, may well have an interest in developing such a project. but it does mean that for us, that if you are operating a closely, you know, who is part of that close lead way to the franchise is go is relevant, tre, delmont, just united, going to be in that closely. so we were living that and, and appeared i think way, a lot of the old certainties and a lot of the old structures associated with football being challenged. and i wanted to ask you about what saudi arabia is doing domestically with, with this league where it's employing football is who, what the greatest of, of their age, just coming towards the end of the career is on that playing now. and this, this domestic league and saudi arabia, what do you make about a saudi arabia, uh, its governments, the, the governors of saudi arabian football very simply won't the country's football to

have the same stature. the same status, the same prominence as, for example, the english premier, legal or spain slowly. yeah. and you know, as an english guy when we, we don't question the shooting when we just do it. and i find a great, you know, really quite interesting that because it's a, it's a nation to go free to people follow questioning of it. but the reality is, is that maybe by twenty's this evening, or possibly by 2040 saudi arabia will of a send it to a position of, of greater prominence. whether or not it's competing with the premier, the remains to be seen. and with that come a whole series of benefits, economic benefits, socio cultural benefits, political benefits, where does the transfer market fit into all of this? this for me is my, my occupancy, my big, big concern in, in, in terms of the big money. and the big invest is coming into the game, including governments as well as private equity investors and not is the trickle

down effect of big transfer fees. big salaries, because essentially when a play leaves to go to, to england or play leave to go to saudi arabia for a $100000000.00. and then trickles down through the transfer system and it begins to impact upon clubs, the comp pay loss transfer fees, unable to pay a large salaries because of that financial position. and that does then begin to impact upon that competitiveness and also the quality of the football that they're able to play. and one of the things that i think that that we need to do is a football community globally as ensure that the grass roots, those clips lower down the power of a to protected a 9 implies a role for fee for and was really striking about recent developments and in world football, particularly in saudi arabia and also the premier league is fee for very often remain silent on these matters. i actually think the see if i need to step up and begin to think about how it goes into the global game. you certainly, and subject group football more effectively. it's been great focus,

i'm in manufacturing fate for being with us. profess assignment chadwick that or the now working from home was a pipe dream. so many workers before the pandemic. now the advances in technology and making it possible to work anywhere, even on the beach, on tier to the rise and remote working, the traditional offices increasingly being ditched, becoming a digital nomad is growing in popularity. the term describes employees who choose to work wherever, whenever they want, anywhere in the world. many nations, including portugal, canada and germany have created digital know my visas that have changed the regulations in order to welcome them. another full of flexible working that's also on the rise is the so called what cation are combining. what with a vacation to practically means performing work from a holiday location with ours, a reduction in salary, driving out from london, is grace lawrence. and she's the director of the inclusion initiative as an associate professor at the london school of economics. christ good to have you with

us. so this all sounds great. i wish but, but i could be a digital no bad. unfortunately. i called i have to be in the studio to work cuz remain as productive if they are digital nomads or taking a what cation. what thank you so much for having me today. so if we take the 2 things separately, i think big it, it's no large, hasn't these moved from being a subject to acceptable because of the coping 19 times i make. but it is pretty limited to people who are working in the gig economy or free lansing. in most countries, date is actually limited, but if you look at the united states, there is a survey. the found the $16900000.00 american workers currently described themselves as digital know minds, which is an increase of what, a 131 percent since the pre pandemic year. and when we think of us digital know, lots of people who are most likely to be are younger. i'm on males. so young males are more likely to choose that lifestyle. and they tend to work in information

technology, creative services education in training, and areas where it's possible to get contract work, but potentially not permanency. now work cation is something different. it's basically your company saying for a certain number of weeks of the year, it's fine for you to leave, especially, or the, the area in which you work on to go and be anywhere you want. so you can be on the beach. you can be ski and you can, you can, you can use your imagination of google as a good example of best, who not offer 4 weeks of work cation and then the quote to the question of pop productivity. i more productive when i'm on a work cation. we will project one. i'm going to to no much this really short answer to this is that we just don't know. so companies, we haven't taken seriously thinking the types of working that they're doing. so whether or not somebody's in the office for a set number of days, whether or not they're there, there were cation whether or not they're working digitally with productivity. so what we're finding is that different companies are offering different types of things to employees, depending on who happens to be in charge. so i think these choices about whether or

not i take the percent, no lights are what cation is done to management board that, i mean, think linked to products if it does depend upon, as you say, a who's in, in charge meant google has a reputation for for being a very cool company to work for, but i can imagine some people watching this thinking, but my boss would never, would never accept anything like that. i mean, i think that the, the google strategy is actually a very sensible one because you know, it allows some rates retained people who have children, for example. so work cases are very popular among parents who have young children, where they can leave the cities in which they are working and go to an area perhaps where the ground parents are for a number of weeks and get support during those school holidays. so when we contract these kind of images of coolness, we don't often think about people who are juggling tied care work cation really allows, i think, across the board own employees to have better work life balance. so, so it mightn't hit on productivity in the weeks a better way, but i'm willing to bet it would improve retention having set all of that price for i mean, hang on a 2nd, i'll be back with you just

a moment to tech giants who have tools that are employees that could work from home and definitely be a few years ago, us now appeared to be with us in cost amazon for example, i started to track and penalize workers who don't spend at least 3 days a week in the office. there's 2 companies, ordering workers back into the workplace also includes the aforementioned google messa and sue other firms, including disney, and starbucks are also asking employees to spend more time at the office. a great, a company has been having, having a re think about about how all of this actually works and, and who can work remotely to i think the answer is yes. so i think, you know, we think companies, they're realizing that when people work for the remotely, their attachment to the company might go down and they might go open to other activities that wouldn't necessarily enhance the productivity for the company. the evidence, the evidence academic evidence does show that remote working itself can enhance productivity for most jobs, but it should be conflict with time in the office for those jobs that require innovation, creativity,

or some aspect of service. so unfortunately it doesn't say anything about that days and unfortunately again, firms have not experimented with what is often more time to be in the office. and as you said, have no terms demanding. people are back in the office for a set number of days, and they're doing this with a certain amount of resistance. so i think it's kind of worth buried in mind that when we see these number of days there are going up for companies. these are just shots in the dark. there's no evidence. it's just that this, these particular number of days will actually help employees be productive. and in fact, the evidence suggests that it should be done on her occupation on a team level. was been done in a company or a function of picking up price on what you were saying about productivity. many employees pushing back against the return to the office site, then more productive working remotely. one survey though doesn't support that view . participants who worked fully from home 18 percent less productive than those in the office. that's according to economists from the massachusetts institute of technology and the university of california. they say one of the reasons behind the decreasing productivity is communication challenges. other studies found that

hybrid work had most a significant impact on productivity by the employees. what happier, less likely to leave in price. i suppose. i mean, that comes to the number of it, doesn't that? i mean, if we're, if we're happy a, ultimately, we're going to be of more value to our company, even if we're a little less productive. but if we were in the office, i mean, i'm not sure i agree with that. i think you could be perfectly happy, you know, skiing and surfing and not doing not doing any work. so i think we kind of have to take the evidence as it is, which is, which is mixed. it's important to remember that all of these studies look at different types of the population. the one thing we know for sure, which is what you're, what you're relating to, is that employees themselves much prefer to have a ton of the, in their work. they much prefer to work it kind of a hybrid work environment. and in fact, in our, our research suggested employees will come into the office when they're needed to, to collaborate or to fill up ration. so for me, i would like 2 people to move to remote for us working where we see individuals

really getting serious about when do we need people to be in the office to be productive and otherwise let them have autonomy? i should also say that our own research showed about a year ago now that employees were pushing back. so what that meant was that there was set number of days being suggested by these huge companies who are listed on stock exchanges all over the world. that employees were simply ignoring us and continued to doing what they want to do. and what's interesting about what's happening with amazon now in other companies, we're moving to penalize with being employees. is that these companies recognize the power has moved from most occupations, but not all from the employees to the employers. maybe the labor market is actually quite 5. if your job searching at the moment of leaving aside digital robots for a load of who i am insanely jealous fairly unless that he is young, go up. is it time really that the, the rest of us should stop living in cloud cuckoo lab here work, work is work. we're supposed to go to the office a days of remote working coming to an end. do you think or is this just

a trend that's here? to stay, well, i leave it with your employer, but i couldn't imagine where i was, where you actually are digits, know minds and you go around and you, you didn't ever shows like this of different corners of the worlds. but for the general question, if you want to, if you want to have maximum part of tennessee, we should focus on experimenting and quanta, find what is the optimal time for folk, for folk to be in the office to satisfy positivity into minds. i think we will have for a lot of, for, for, for at the legacy. some people who are in the gig economy who are know minds that are more than the portion before i think we will have as a legacy hybrid working, where people are in the office for a particular amount of time and out of the office of, of different months time, i think what's unfortunate is that the model of pipe would working looks to be a staff day model. so that means that some companies want in system 2 days, some 3 days, some 4 days and 5 days. and that policy in itself would have impacts of who was attracted to go into those companies. yeah. counting the cost coming to this week

from the beach of the code to 0. i like the sound of that grace really takes to, they'd always wait to talk to you on catching the cost. you're amazing. thank you so much bye or not from the capital victoria to the townships, millions of people in south africa are struggling to find a job. the nations official unemployment rate is one to get maybe 33 percent. it's even higher among young people. the united nations describes the situation as a ticking time bomb. it's worried, the job business could increase policy and fuel social unrest. when the government's recently taking measures to increase employment rates by helping entrepreneur stop businesses president through around the pose a was introduced a controversial law that allows racial quotas to tackle job in equality. among the black south africans opposition parties have protested against it, saying that it discriminates against minority white's indians and people of mixed race. joining us now from london is rossi, a con. she's the managing director and chief economist of africa and middle east

global research. that stands of johnson bank budget. welcome to accounting of the costs. why would the un describe south africa's unemployment problem as of taking time? was the economy? is the g cause the economy is the typically do produce unemployment? states that south africa has always had a structurally very high level of unemployment. if you look at the use unemployment, although with the latest release, those numbers have started to improve. it's still in the mix for his as a percentage. so given the likely weak growth profile of the economy, the problems up south africa has had with extensive power outages load shipping as it's known locally. the concern is that the economy typically just doesn't grow false, you know, to make a difference to employment. of course there was some pleasant surprises with the latest release, but it,

oh tubs. the big worry is that this could leads to grace's social discontent of the time. i'm what do you, what a way to make of this these call? so this whole race quotes us for jobs, the employment equity act, is that going to do anything to solve the problem? oh, it's very difficult to look at south africa in installation. and so you know, the context of years and years, decades, in fact, of to live with marginalization of the majority of its population. what is the best way to fix this going forward? yes. anything but results in a higher birth rate that can create expectations of foster growth, especially private sector driven growth which could lead to sustains employment. gains would be a good thing. but i'm sorry. does that is governments interventions still required to try to deal with the countries long standing in a call, which is, i'm was all south africans be better off if there was fewer any policies in place.

and if it was quite as polarized, and if it didn't tweak black so much, the countries about 5 calls, which is still very much evident in the matter. we cannot make dates as today. if you look at the unemployment rates, the different race groups, this is something that really stands out. it's very difficult to look at this in overall trends that you think there is no scope for intervention here. the government shouldn't be trying anything to cut right? these long standing in a quote, which is all south africans would benefit from an actual gross environment and going to inclusion, but looks at the interest as the most modern ones. south africans is only something that can boost prospect. so whole south africans over time. so what should the government be doing to tackle the overall problem here? shouldn't be focusing solely on unemployment or fixing all the areas of the economy

and that employment will naturally improve. i think the scope of both overall macro, publish this, the more present hall saying that create greater confidence and the ability the economy to overcome long standing structural button next to be able to grow. and the government is, in fact starting to tackle some of these issues, looking at infrastructure interventions, looking at significant resumes in the power sector, have opens the way for private generation. this is how we gradually, mrs. lee, this is leading to an expectation of perhaps somewhat improved for the future. a low site that there is still very much this go from micro level pulses. looking at where things have gone wrong in the pos asking the question, is there a role, the tax? what was the other interventions that can be made that could try to address some of these shortcomings in a much more focused way? here it's always good to talk to you on catching the cost many thanks and day for

being with us. again. thank you very much. and that's our show for this week. if you'd like to comment on anything that you've seen, you can ex, me, that still doesn't sound vice on the platform formerly known as teresa. i'm at a fit again on the treasury and about to use the hash tag h a c t c. when you do or you could drop us a line counting the cost of elders 0 dot net is our e mail address, as always, as well for you online at elder 0 dot com slash ctc. that takes you straight to a page that you'll find individual reports, links at a time episodes data catch up. but that's it for this edition of counting the cost on a tree instead of going from the team here at the house. thanks for being with us for news on elder 0 is next. the

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