is landed in that area of the moon. the area is thoughts of frozen liquid that could be a source of drinking water, feel an oxygen for future explorations. the don't feel just bear with me. so robin in doha, remind to of all the top stories. donald trump has been arrested and released on bail after we surrender that the atlanta jail in the state of georgia. the former us president stacy's criminal charges for the times to overtime. the 2020 states election results is taking place here is a travesty of justice. we did nothing wrong, i did nothing wrong and everybody knows that i've never had such support as that goes with the other ones to what they're doing is election interference or try to interfere with an election. there's never been anything like it in our country before. this is their way of campaigning. this is one instance, but you have 3 other instances to election interference. the russian president has

confirmed the death of bach, the boss if getting for gauge and they're playing fresh. and it says come in since the cache on wednesday. lot of it pacing off the condolences to his family, st. percussion was talented, but made serious mistakes in life. perhaps not diverse in the drive express the grief over the death of the wagner chase. but they say is puzzling, wrote him the military cooperation with russia. bach that has strong influence in parts of african it's 6 years since the military cut down to be a bulk hill files that were hang on polls. nearly a 1000000 to escape. somebody sat across the board with the cubs and bung with ash evaluating to highlight the dia, living conditions. so don's army chief is making his 1st public appearance outside the capital cost to him. since fighting with power militaries began in april to a booth at the other one is about to travel to port saddam. he's also reported to reach you in egypt and saudi arabia. the tools later to the united states is demanding the release of dozens of election bold. it says that active as the rest,

it ends in bump way, but its all being counted off to the general election was extended for a 2nd day of the state. the papers sales will arrive in time and many open areas. on wednesday, the opposition parties accused the rulings on a party of rigging the vote and to continue it's $43.00. yes, great on power and be as lead to arrive a has started operating on the surface of the moon. the plugin will now stop conducting experiments. it's emerged from the time that i and 3 spacecraft, which touched down the unexplored south pole on wednesday. battery is thought to of frozen liquid that could be a source of drinking water, feel doxygen for future explorations. those are the headlines you follow these stories on a website style, just every company updated throughout the day. i'll be back to more news and half now. next, it's the stream on out is there to stay with us spelling of the stories that we cover all highly complex. so it's very important that we make them as understandable as we can to as many people as possible no matter how much they know

about a given crises. so issue the smell of that is all over power. as long as you say we're correspondence, that's what we strive to do the highest. i me. okay. on today's episode of the screen, we are looking at 16 years of venezuela sanctions. how affected have they been ad? who's been impacted? we stopped with former president, trump speaking on june the 10th how about with buying oil from venezuela? when i left that as well, it was ready to collapse. we would have take it over. we would have got doing that oil. it would have been right next to our former president, trump saying the quiet bit out a loud how impactful us sanctions, good policy to alter the just collectively punish an entire nations for the deeds

of that politicians. dot is what we're talking about today. on youtube. we are inviting you to be part of the conversation as well. the comments section is now nice. this meet an expert gas joining us from denver, colorado francisco retreat. this is an economist, profess at the university of denver, as joseph coldwell school of international studies. joining us from once every day or guy is tomorrow, a terroristic, bona, director of the piece at the bell root of your program. at the inter american dialogue, adding bush and d. c. monica weiss brought mild is co director of the center for economic policy research in washington dc. set mark in a sentence 15 years of sanctions on venezuela. what do we have today? what's been the results as well? the results, the biggest part of the result is the worst decline in you know, worse, depression,

really in the history of latin america as francisco will talk about. but i think also these sanctions are a form of economic warfare and they mainly target the civilian population. and that's why they have an impact. uh that similar to actual wars. and lot of people noticed, you know, representative jim mcgovern who was the chair of the house, a rules committee. when the democrats have the house. he wrote a letter to president buying. and he asked him to get rid of the sanctions as well . and he said that the sanctions that they had or in distributed and he said purposely so. so he explained how it was, as he said, the vin as well, in official. i've got the ones who were suffering, but the people and it was actually that he explained no, that was the purpose of the sanctions. and that is the purpose, i think. and it's illegal under treaties that we've signed and,

and it's terribly wrong. well, what's the purpose of the us sanctions? best face dean. yes. to hey, think there is 2 important points to sacrifice. first, there's different types of sanctions. those that are targeted against specific government officials have no impact whatsoever in the to many 10 situation. but i believe we are talking here and what mark was referring to is like, is the economic sanctions that have an impact on the art sector? and what we have seen is that there is a problem with over compliance with sanctions imposed by the us government that has made it harder for too many hearing aid to reach the country. however, i do think it's important to highlight that you might have 10 institution in minnesota, and that was pretty dire fee for the unprofessional fraction. just look at official data by the head ministry published by 11. it said on fridays in 2017. it shows that the previous year maternity mortality increased by 65 percent and infant

mortality had increased by 30 percent. and these statistics, which had not been made public for a long time, were made public by a health minister that was quickly is taken off of it. so i do think we need to, but the impact of the us sanctions in context, in a situation that has had been dire before and continues to be dire and are due to over compliance with the set up tomorrow on youtube. one of the few is his pipe top immediately and says this is basically american economic co washin. what would you say? fact to them? is that watching right now is this american collection? is that the whole point of sanctions on venezuela? i don't think that sanchez, me to be or should be an end in an awesome sense. they should be a tool to try to improve conditions in the country. obviously if they have an impact on the humanitarian situation and on the people they have and,

and the fact that no one is going to support. however, the end position in the lifting of sanctions can be unimportant, solely to criminal with a transition to democracy. together with other tools, including for example, international accountability for grace, human rights violations that has been committed in minnesota. and which amount to crimes against you, man. francisco, go ahead, is so beautiful as 100 going on. the largest economy, contraction ever documented in any country outside of more time, to contract and 72 percent of its income per capita. we're talking the equivalent of 3 great depressions and what the evidence shows is that a large part of this contrast, it can be explained by economic sanctions. now it's not the totality of faith, but what we have to understand is that this economy is very highly dependent on oil revenues. 95 percent of the tech sports are or they are, they come from oil,

an oil exports. so a 93 percent decline and there has been several studies that have looked at the impact of sanctions on oil production. and they found a very significant ongoing production. so venezuela is we're right now as a result of such as now again sandra's are not the only driver and some arrows. absolutely right. that situation was very complicated and but as well uh before sanctions but actually, so definitely add it to do it. you already have try what was a large economic crisis in 2016 into the largest catastrophe that we've ever seen outside of more time. as this guy, i'm going to tell our audience that you'll the found of oil says venezuela, that's a non profit organization. and you focused on finding you can finish the sentence here. what do you focused on finding the funny solutions to that as well as the managerial process in particular, we were focused on developing framework seconds or for them to go shared equipment . so that vessels, government, and the opposition can find ways in which they can address some of the countries

most starting problems, for example, to an oil for a specialist program that allows the country to regain access to us. your panel of market uh, with the condition that the resources that are produced as a result of those exports are oriented toward the attending the needs of, of, as well as under international supervision. all right, so i want to bring in this extra voice. we spoke of a to daniel d martino, and tomorrow i wouldn't have a listen to daniel then respond immediately of the back of what he told us. here is the reason, but as well as in the terrible economic crisis at east da has nothing to do with us . sanctions on the everything to do with the terrible social as far as the implemented, they took over people's businesses and destroyed private sector. so what else could we expect on forcing 7300000 people like myself or to flee our country? and so i really question the motives of members of congress are opposed for an age

of sanctions. the don't effective and it's one population because today he goes in food medicine cache. you can travel to venezuela because it's not the same us to the sanctions only for the groups of the top of the stronger country. and those should continue as well. i think, you know, things are not black and white and as that's equal to say, there are different aspects, but impact on economic conditions and the situation. but some impact situation in the country. one that we haven't mentioned that i think is critical is the track record of mismanagement by it. and it said in a hearty that also has and, and, and the, you know, before the sanctions, when the sit on authorities did have money. that was a consequence of salad oil and they didn't necessarily use it for the good of the people. and so there's actually no guarantees of that money would have been funded to actually support that committed parent situation. and then in addition, those points i think is critical is history shows that when it's on a friday,

don't give concessions for free and that there needs to be leverage and generating incentives for that negotiation. that goes back about between the opposition and government to actually happen to get them to sit back as a negotiated table to get them to agree to specific measures, to have the people and to transition to democracy. and then eventually to implement the. busy agreement, so i think it's essential to push in that direction through i've positive that means including using sanctions, but i do think that the way they were presented by the company ministration. initially, with the statement that options were on the table, including a possible military intervention, was definitely a lot of fun to push for a response. is that would actually tiguan as well up to democracy,

which is what we are look for as far as the scope it is. what we owe look for is it for the us to impose democracy on of the nations on of the countries or is it, is it for the us to, to make that decision? and then make sure can normally they call thrive. if they don't follow what the us tells them today as well, i don't think it is, but i think that the rest of the transfer community doesn't think that it should be either there's something really important and sometimes overlook about sash or something. so which is that the us is the only country that has imposed economic sanctions. i, but it's all that. and by that i mean, sanctions, we're splitting that as well as sales are 4 sections. we're splitting that as well as access to the global financial market. it's only the us, your husband actually might be or this in rejecting economic sanctions and focusing only on personal sanctions. however, the us, despite being just one case of the world economy, is incredibly powerful. because the us controls access to us financial system and

towing capacity to carry out transactions in dollars and 80 percent of global transactions occur in dollars and us dollars it because not so. so. so basically what happens is that and, and wayne, which the us and force us options. it's not just the us thing. you can't sell oil in my market. it's the us saying if there is a european firm is punished for i'm a french for an indian firm or that decides to buy that as well. i know it was that besides a to help sell that as well. and what else would that provide inputs for the best oil industry? we will sanction them also. so they're sending credit and power and incredible force that's being used by the us. and i think what's really intentional about this is that absolutely no disagreement and fully in agreement with the us targeting individuals. think of us my little himself and people in his routine, particularly those who uh, on which there is evidence that have been in full in human rights abuses and incorruption, but targeting to venice. well, any time use something different targeting dependence on economy me is targeting

vulnerable, but as well it is that i think that there's something really wrong about saying we're going to hold that as low as hostage. we're going to hold the wellbeing event as well as hosted on show my to to decide to change his mind and negotiate. i want to go to the us border and just bringing to migrants who have been forced for economic reasons to leave the country. this system speaking in early may and then i'm going to just bring back mount k, because if this is an infringement of international, the sanctions, i'm making people leave the country. then what happens? let's listen to my goods fast. oh, lovely. so i have not saw it's about to, into myself in because many friends of turned themselves in unhappy insight into mexico and mexico. they are practically killing us several bills have been kidnapped into quantity one of the i don't want to go back to venezuela because if there's breakfast, there's no dinner. if there's lunch, there's no dinner. and there are no shoes for the children. for medicines,

people are dying and manly. i want to give my children a better quality of life. what can you explain why international is always being broken? yes. well, 1st of all, you have a whole set of treaties of the united states who assigned the un charter, the charter, the organization of american states. and the geneva conventions. oh rose, prohibited the uh, uses sanctions that target civilians that harms the things that kill. and i want to emphasize that they kill civilians are, you know, in the 1st year of sanctions, the mortality of venezuelans. and then trump sanctions from 2017, went up by 40 a by, by 40000 dest. okay? so it's tens of thousands of people that have died in these sanctions at a minimum, and that's just the 1st year. and so i think that this is really important. this is the most important thing to get away with this because most people don't realize

that you know, other people have, have admitted this. here's, here's my problem payable. okay, from a press conference when the associated press reporter asked of our sanctions going in venezuela. and he says, well, i think things are really going good for the venezuelan people. he said the man is carrying crisis is tightening by the hour. you can see the increasing pain and suffering of the venezuela people are suffering from that was his exact words. and this was, and he said the same thing about it wrong and they make it and he will, he didn't hide it. okay. for the truck administration. the purpose of these sanctions was to actually harm people and get them to uh, to overdraw their government, or at least get them out of office. so, oh, and that, that's what the sanctions do. and they know this and people of course will want to get rid of the sanctions. also know this, and it's pretty, it's pretty difficult to hide this. i think that that's one of the sections will

and is what everybody knows is, you know, just if i can give one example. a similar example you have in congress because you have now, for example, 21. a members of congress have signed a letter just may 1st saying and get rid of the sanctions. and this is the story i just haven't had before. 21 members of congress said, you know, i wrote a letter to the ministrations, get rid of the sanctions on venezuela and cuba. and they said why? because 1st of all they, they said all the things wrong. but they also said that you have the full over 400000 mileage of the border increase in the last uh uh, 6 months. and i'm sorry, in the last year 2022 is 4 or 414000. and that was a 361 percent increase of the migrants from that as well. and june. that's where there's 400000 k for. and so that's what you're so that, that's going to become an issue in the elections going forward. and i think that's

one of the reasons they wrote to, to buy them because they know very well and, and, and one of the coated by the way, the lead and the letter was front of escobar, who's a co chair of binds campaigns. so it's a serious political issue as well. okay. i, i wanna bring in, i know that the silver, the presence of brazil q was meeting with the president of venezuela. quite recently tomorrow. i know you said that there were issues with governance before the sanctions were applied. this is what president the silver had to say about those issues and how mature is dealing with them. cooper the need? is it his fault? no, it's the united states as vault who made an extremely exaggerated blockade. i always say that a blockade is worse than war because in a wor, usually, soldiers in bottles died, blockade kills children. women, people who have nothing to do with the idea of logical dispute at play. you know,

so i dream of a currency different than the dollar on. so we can negotiate plus between the countries who sell to us their products and buy from us for the good of use quite well, what do you think has been a change in the past 15? yes, because of the sanctions on venezuela. a look, i think those statements, i president luna were very unfortunate. and in that same meeting you had other presidents including private and body to is also from center last explaining that there are serious concerns about the human rights situation in minnesota. so i, i think we can over simplify the selling prices and talk about whether it's on or isn't on the responsibility of the us sanctions that's playing into the narrative by then instead of patients that have typically blame someone else for issues for what you say are on me and the size of the body. is it part of the responsibility of the us though?

would you acknowledge that partly responsible because um like whats turning off from the boulder as the us because they can't live invite us we know anymore. so it's a, some risk for migration crisis. the migration increases in minnesota started in 2014. i was in court with that at the border, interviewing people were leaving and they were leaving because of multiple reasons, including but many times situation before the crisis a was created by section. so i don't think it fact rates his name, the united states for everything i do see, i think as i said, that term policies included the profession of economic sanctions has contributed in large part due to over on science. but i don't think this is about just blaming someone as there is uh, mike to the city of reasons for going to spell as prices and the spelling crisis has 3 dimensions. it's the refugee crisis. it's documented here in crisis. and it's the crass on on defense that includes the precincts that i want to bring francisco

. and what i did ask you was what has been achieved. and i also want to add that those sanctions, us sections begin beginning 2006 like people turned off on the board in 2014 passing the same time night in a sentence was but 2 years before as 2014 at all. yeah. and the 14 is 2 years before the end, sufficient. that would be good. i'm extensions on minnesota, but i'm not here to defend the sanctions imposed by that united states. i just think we need to, inc. and i create a picture that includes the impact of factions, but is not necessarily the only reason why venezuela is in but this aspect situation, but it is today. okay, i'll be back before friday to so. so to my, i mean, yeah, the go ahead, i'll let you finish, send a version of the head. the hey, i wanted to say is like, i don't think it. yeah. i think it's important to have this conversation because there is a perception of normalization about the situation in minnesota that i think we need

to overcome and talk about the facts and not about narratives as president. and the said in virginia recently in that video to show all right, uh, francisco. yeah, yeah. i don't think that there are some major disagreement on uh the diagnosis that sanctions have made an important contribution to them so, so you can on a crisis but are that they're not the sole determinants there. now i would say now i also agree with them or that the relevance actions, the comic sanctions workforce in 2017. but we also have to understand that as well as a country that says it's highly dependent on over at least an oil prices. then anything that changes its over at lease is going to deeply impacted. so yes, the migration crisis started with. ready for us in 2014, as oil prices started collapsing, our prices fell from a $100.00 a barrel to $30.00 a barrel. any time investment in history in any other way of exporting countries, that's going to generate a major economic prices. and that's what happened between 20142016. now what

happens from 2017 on it's somewhat different because oil prices started recovering in 2017 and grew by 80 percent between uh that moment and 2018 and uh nevertheless, but as well as economy did not recover as of usually that when a request is, will cover, and that's because that's what else i to was collapsing and there's very strong evidence. it's published and, and, and many journals that scientists have had a very significant effect. but i do want to point out something here, which is which, which is really important. it relates to something that mark said there saw some very strong published evidence that sanctions happened, effect on mortality as he was saying. and it's not just one of the most well in case of cross national estimates indicate that essentially step is so it leads to an increase a to a decline kind of 1.2 years in male life expectancy. and francisco use a female, a lot of interest that you would just check on living condition. i want to bring in a voice from venezuela thing to add to that concept of we all suffering here

because of the sanctions. this is michelle allen. the central freight team and posing that as well that has led to a sharp decline of national income, the deterioration of public services, and limited access to essential such as food and medicine. under such a harsh program, it will be difficult for any government, regardless of their ideology, define appropriate solutions. and even as dependence on government has implemented on was policies, the usaa rights. when post middle sanctions, i mean in the u. s. over 40000000 people live below the poverty level. well senator bowman, and that's one of the main sections for recording phases, corruption stations who in the section of the us recently president trump admitted that his policies towards venezuela were aimed at ceasing its oil. it is unacceptable for any nation to weather nice. their power goes less privilege. nations the suffering, the tactics like these have cost to innocent people as simply unforgivable as long as you've got us started off in this conversation. generally, politically,

do sanctions work? well, i mean, the work is there, if the purpose is this, upon peo explained it to make people suffer and make the government more unpopular . but i want to focus or just one minute on the economics of this, because i think this will clarify some of the yeah, we have one minute mark, so make it ok. we've put impactful height or inflation is it is a really big, that's 0. that's a huge part of this gigantic record decline in the venezuelan economy and that was caused by the sanctions. i. and you can see that because the typical hyper inflation in latin america since world war 2 is last is 4 months. and then as well as have lasted 3 years, and that's only after the sanctions, the why. i'm going to leave us with the voice of president with euro, who is hopeful that by 2024 when elections happen in venezuela, the sanctions will be lifted. have a list and have a look bubble. have you have

a lot of spoken to? so we are going to discuss because we want free elections, free of sanctions, free of unilateral coercive measures. the elections will be free of sanctions. there is no other option. that is the dilemma. do you want free fair and transparent elections then they must be elections free of sanction. leave it as obviously on. thank you for your comments on each of us as thank you francisco tamara. a mock slipping top of our program today. appreciate you. take care everybody. i'll see you next time. the

of the, this is the off the mazda of an electrician attracting overseas in the sector reserve region. the victims had to click 8 at the school in for time, villages be sent to the printer because lifeline for those cookies. and wanted to have only 2 out of the remain every day that makes a difference. but many have see a deep connection points maybe come to rick, you know, talking to a 2 year old alexandra. so given the states she refuses to nice, they used to ask me, granny, what do you need? i would say i didn't need anything except i saw a young soldier died just say to the, i wish it would be ross and from him he was

a very young. some people were buried in the homes because we too dangerous to go to the graveyard. russians and ukrainians, eastern friends. why did they do this to us? the story of this village is the same as to many of us spread across the eastern front like no electricity. no running water depended on food aid and very easy to rest. apart from the constant jetting september on out just india hose. the g 20 summit where leading economies will discuss global challenges, the broad costs premier of a new series. exploring the implications of us n g for golf roles for 1st amendment rights will lead to gathering new york for the un general assembly with the ukraine and the climate change expected to dominique talks. generation sports meets the icons to a challenging preconceptions and using that platforms to change society. the candidates for mexico's presidential election will be announced. will this be the 1st time in the country's history to women? a head to head for the top junk?

september on al jazeera, the federal rest and fingerprinted donald trump tens himself and the prosecutors in georgia. what he's charged with scheming to overturn the 2020 election. the ellipse of romeo watching on.