of more than $150.00 people from turkey and several european companies, they started to set up the vote lines and also setting up the stages of the camps at several stages and gradually went down to him and started to pull him out. however, c, c was injured, so he had to stop at several stages frequently and have a rest then taking him out. so that's why to that, to much loan cover. last night, around midnight, the rescue teams they had been able to somehow take him out to of the surface and the doctor say that he's health condition is improving. however, he still needs to receive the treatment the, the ssl just here. and these are the top stories, this allen, north korean lead of control and has arrived in russian. russian media reports has

try and has been seen and it was a risk 100 kilometers from the lot of us stock he's expect is made president vladimir person in the coming dies. lillian, north korea's work is daily websites show it pictures have kim, voiding his try and bound for russian. american diplomat said last week, the appeal yang is really to supply i munition, to rush up the use in the war and you crying. flooding in the eastern libya has killed thousands of people. the city of donna is going to have been harvest hit by storm. daniel city authorities say 2 times this during heavy ride is due to the floods many of the roles or destroyed or blocked off. also the city at, at the moment has no one has been able to reach. uh so uh, but from what the we've seen medical stuff um the ones that they sent the trucks full. those are excavators and the hundreds of volunteers trying to reach them are, are trying to reach the most impacted areas. so, you know,

hopefully the authorities can reach specifically the city of though not as soon as possible. the prison. this won't deal between around in the united states is expected to be implemented next week as part of the agreement pro could by cutoff. but us sanctions wave a paves the way to unfreeze $6000000000.00 of a randy in funds and overseas banks. 5 prisoners with jewel nationality could be released from over any in chiles next week. or indicate explorer has been rescued from deep underground into keys. not sticking this tribes 9 days ago, after suffering internal bleeding, east phone to hospital, after an international team of 150 risk who has managed to drag the american to the surface on the stretch, it was the headlines, the stream is up. next the

challenges here with the hi, i'm josh rushing. welcome to the stream. electric vehicles have been held as a central to reducing corporate emissions in order to avoid global climate catastrophe. but as a transition to battery powered vehicles, picks up speed questions remained about the sustainability of the cars and the environmental and social harms that go into making them. so today we ask how sustainable are electric vehicles? first, let's hear from jim warming, done that human rights watch with his thoughts and that should cause i'm definitely part of the solution to climate change. about building electric cars means we need more materials, things like co lithium, medium and steel,

and getting those materials out of the ground to my name is often really damaging to the environment of the human rights. so as we transform the car industry, we've also got to transform the mining industry transformed the way we source with materials. that means doing a lot more recycling. but it also means treating the ecosystems and communities where these advice for what materials are found. with the respect that those communities in ecosystems does a so when it goes to discuss alyssa kendall, professor of civil and environmental engineering at the university of california davis, in oslo. christina bu, secretary general, the norwegian e b association. and with us from london, henry sanderson, author of both rush, the winners and losers in the race to go green. and of course you, we want you to join this conversation as well. so see that box over there. we have a live producer waiting to get your comments to me so i can get them to our guest.

so how about we do this thing together, right. all right, henry, i want to begin with you. can you set us up here with one why it's important to transition tvs, but let's just begin with that. why is it important right now to transition to you this a yes 3rd, to reduce carbon emissions and limit the damage from climate change. we need to compromise pretty much every, every sector and transportation is one of those key sectors which accounts for, you know, about 1516 percent of tribal carbon emissions. and as the art dcc set this week, we have a window of opportunity. we need to move fast on what certain bullets and about electric vehicles is. we have the technology at scale. now we have the costs of come down a lot and electric vehicles. i think what for, for most people. so what we need to do now is scale out batteries, scale up electric vehicles and replace the um, you know, eventually the 1500000 vehicles on the road. but it is

a massive task ahead of us. but the good news is we have the technology at scale and the costs have come down significantly in considering the environmental news this week died, bcc report came out saying that we've got about 10 years left before it may be too late to stop what's coming. this, this transition needs to happen fast. we turn to norway where i think 80 percent of new car sales their r e b is compare that to the us where it's going fast here. but when we up to the 5 percent, a new car sales or a visa. so my question for you, christina, is, is how does the society transition quickly, not because i imagine they're all sorts of affects that happen when you shift that quickly. uh yeah, and uh, just to make sure we talk about the same thing. ease uh, 80 percent is this doesn't include plug it hybrids. it's uh, fully electric cars. uh so that was uh, last year and then now we are actually uh above that as well. so far this year,

so uh and what normally is done is really simple. it's possible to copy for pretty much every country. it's all about green, texas. so it's about taxing petroleum, diesel engine cars on the sale of the car. and then uh, not detox ease. because it's a still more expensive to to manufacturer and therefore consumers, most places can't afford them. and norway, we've managed to make the prize more or less equal. and that has resulted in, in may same development. the last 10 years we've moved from a 3 percent market to, to, to above 80. while we have some video comments for people in our community, that's in a min on this. this is from david, right. but he's a senior engineer at union of concerned scientists here. listen to this. transportation is the largest cause of trapping emissions. united states and

passenger vehicles are the single largest source within that sector. switching from gasoline and diesel cars and trucks to electric vehicles needs know, tailpipe emissions that are harmful to human health and fuel climate change. even with considering manufacturing electric vehicles are responsible for less than half the lifetime global warming emissions of similar gasoline vehicles. so switching to electric vehicles as soon as possible, it's critical to avoiding the worst impacts of climate change. a. so alyssa, after a century of being on fossil fuels for cars, it seems like we hopefully learned some lessons maybe about the way not to do this . and this is a chance to kind of start over and start over a new what are some things that we should be looking for here for the way that this industry is going to change the, the automobile industry in the coming years? yeah, that's a great question. so, i mean, i think what we've seen is that the, the world is asking that we don't undertake this transition moving away from internal combustion engine vehicles to battery powered vehicles without improving

our history of the communities at that are effected by the production of vehicles and in particular, the battery for electric vehicles and asking that we do better. and i think we're seeing a movement in many parts of the world, but particularly in europe to really push for up for different rules for how we make batteries and make sure that some of the human rights violations and environmental disasters that are may occur. and that really we prevent that. so i think that we are, we are looking to make this transition. so sort of to avoid the mistakes of, of the last 100 years as we do undertake this transition. the other thing to point out of course, is that we need to be carbonized, our electricity grades along with vehicle electrification. and if, if we couple those together, that's where we get those really deep reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants. so this is a 2 pronged effort and electrify the fleet and the carbonite c electricity grids. oh, i want to bring in some comments off of youtube. people who are watching this right

now. this is from gen g or dano, a mystic mentor says, don't we need gas, an oil to make a vase any way. henry, i'm going to bring that to you. but there's also a video comment that i want to bring in, because it's not just the lithium in the battery. it's other mentors, minerals as well, like cobol, right down in the congo here. let's check out this video comment 1st. one of the most urgent ethical considerations regarding the manufacturer of electric vehicles is the mining of cobalt cobalt is used in the battery packs of most electric vehicles and about 3 fourths of the world's supply of cobalt is mind in rather appalling conditions and the democratic republic of the congo, hundreds of thousands of people work in highly toxic hazardous and dangerous conditions to scrounge cobalt out of the ground and fitted up the chain to electric vehicle manufacturers and big mining companies have destroyed the environment, clear, cutting millions of trees and dump toxic affluence every day into the earth,

air, and water in the congo. so henry, i want you to talk about the problems with the, this kind of new extraction industry. but i'm going to play one more video for you as, as perhaps one of the solutions. i'm not sure if you've seen those, but it says kind of battery passport and maybe we can talk about that as well. to check out this the battery passport, create a digital twin of the battery that stores all information about the battery in the cloud. from where the minerals and metals of the battery are mind and refine to where and how the cells are the battery or meet. and where the cells are put together to form the battery that will go into the vehicle. the battery gets an id number, a bar code, and other information which are sent to the digital twin in the cloud. the digital twin holds all the important information about that battery and the battery passport platform pulled all of the digital twins from all over the world. all

right, henry, so i need you to reconcile this for me because i read the it's the new source all the time from the condo where you see, you know, kit kids out there digging this up and really dangerous conditions. uh, not environmentally friendly. and then i see an animation like that with a really chip or music and i'm trying to figure out why it is this the or radical, or is it actually going to be better this time? yes, so there's a really good question. so taking, taking the 2 questions on the oil, and the view is exactly right. if you look at the lift him on back to him, i steves, especially in china, on the, they can contain a material co graphite, and some graphite synthetic graphite is made using feedstock from the all industries. so fossil fuels is gained directly into a lot of let them on batteries and all say we need these on fossil fuels. that's a nice mining rights are most minds use diesel trucks? they use fossil fuels, the price i select, the many people i realize,

natural gas is part of the process. so it's very hard to get rid of natural gas in the process of processing, lithium, i said us and fossil fuel uncle and the co tango is ready for all of a sudden i'm actually reading the book of that person who submitted that video clip . and i painted the all see myself, and it is incredibly problematic. but, but what's happening and why i write my book is to open our eyes to the supply chain in the hope that we can improve it. and we're seeing assets by that, the government, by all the groups to try and improve the situation, to try and make sure these people get, get a fat or a price, get safety equipment, etc. of course it is a huge challenge and no one's saying that it's going to be perfect tomorrow, but we shouldn't that the profit be the enemy on this energy transition. we have to move towards the haves. and we can improve the supply chain right as well. if it

went away the problems, we can apply our innovation and skills to improve it as a fossil fuels we can take off and i as the mining industry, we can do carbon eyes on the way these materials are process. i'm calling about what we need to see is um yeah, some, some we need to step in and engage with the c and acknowledge our responsibility for this call this coming out of the country. we need um, alternative companies due to property engaged as a guide into the country to visit because for too long, especially for consumer electronics, we've just turned a blind eye to, to the call. it's a guy. and so what all devices, all small things side of the screen good thing is involved is because people care about how it's made me, christine the jump in there. yeah, i could add the add to that because i had an organization in norway who. right, that represents more than a 120000 navy drivers and we've lost them a and almost 90 percent to confirm that they are very eager to know how sustainable

a battery is and how, you know, workers' rights are, you know, looked after and so on so and, but i think also we have to look at a broad, the picture here and we can go in especially it's been a lot of talk about congo, but we also have cults, other places in finland, for example. and another thing is that i'm, i'm just international which has focused the lesson combo and, and tries child labor and so on. they are not, they are saying that we should still 2 important stuff, importing nicole from congo at what we have to do is to make sure that just the whole value chain on battery is a says sustainable. and that we know exactly what's going on because there are also mines in coal, both that are as well and well regulated and good minds, but they're also low irregular minds as well. so we have to make sure that, i mean,

it's not good for the people to come go that if nobody wants to trade with them either. so we have to sort of think about the whole value chain and i am as we were talking about earlier, europe is really up for frontier with the news about you regulation, demanding, demanding, based, and the university about sense. you could also say that with ease, it's actually more focused on they speakers, cobalt has been used with the fossil fuel cars for a long time as well. it's also used it fossil fuel car. so it's only when we get more environmental li, friendly cars that we're focusing on it. so in that sense, you could say that and the fact that we are getting a piece of the road is also helping out helping a whole production allison to did you want to jump in there? yes cohort. i also wanted to add, i think just as christine said, it's wonderful that we have much more focus on the environmental, you know, sort of the environmental impacts and environmental justice concerns with the

electric vehicle and battery value chain. in particular. i want to highlight that, you know, it's easy to start demonizing this one part of the vehicle is this, these challenges of these new supply chains that are forming? mm hm. but actually this is a great advantage because we're not going to change the fossil fuels value chain just by continuing to drive gasoline vehicles. and so we can do better, but we shouldn't allow the challenges of the value chain to prevent us from electrify. yeah that's, that's a good point to us, but i think we won't do better unless we actually see where those challenges are. and christina, you mentioned cobalt comes from other places i'd like to bring in one of those other places. this is a, another voice from someone in our community named stephanie king killing son. and she is a documentary filmmaker listen with us. so when people buy that shining tests, i don't think about the costs that it's being paid to create that vehicle. that is being paid for elsewhere and other parts the world that is not in the western

market in the western and closely followed by western media. and so when we want to think about 2 recalls, how can we have that in a way that has governmental oversight, corporate responsibility, and that is, well, washer well maintained. when all those being built is that, you know, the car is going to save the world and that simply isn't too. and there's so much in cost that it's being paid for by other people. and, but if in parts of the world like mind, which, which definitely says parts of the world like mind, she's actually talking about indonesia. and that's where a lot of nickel, nickel comes from. so here, check this out. yeah, especially if i'm up the their minds down here, the mode is all over the see. now where can we go? how can we use the volume for the economy for education, the parents today already struggling? so what can we expect for the next generation, given the current condition of the surrounding environment to see, i mean, what are some of the any phone?

thank you said i couldn't believe all the club trees had been cleared. i was shaking. it was our source of income. we were dreaming about sending my child to college. when we went up to find the trees were all gone. i was devastated me. so alyssa, it seems like there's like an end balance in the relationship with, with wealthy countries like the us and in norway. great, great examples that need this stuff, but they're getting it from countries. as we've mentioned, condo and indonesia, how do you correct that and make sure that they're doing it in an appropriate way? yeah, that's a, that's a great question. there are so many burdens faced by lower and middle income countries in particular that are providing materials for electric vehicles and potentially taking used vehicles at the end of life as well. and so they, they are likely to, to have a disproportionate burden associated with these vehicles and not have the climate in their quality benefits. that richer nations are, are benefiting from

a i do think there, there are huge challenges to this, but the work to put together, for example, the battery passport. so there can be accountability in the value chain is extremely important. and again, europe is leading the way on that. i also think the consumer demand for the, for materials and for manufacturing practices that are, that are more just is also really important as a driver for the industry to do better. and then also to have really, you know, explicit, convers, not just conversations the policies in place to make sure that we don't have sort of a race to the bottom when it comes to sourcing of materials, but also disposal of batteries and, and again, you know, having a holistic approach to policy the way that europe is trying to do with its battery regulation, i think is a really good model and a good start in places like the us for example, need to need to start thinking about that since we, we haven't really pursued a holistic policy. so henry, not just the production of it, but i'm going to bring in a voice from the youtube audience,

who's watching right now named ben ben. mickey says wire electric vehicles, so expensive, and when will they fix the planet? and part of that, what i'm wondering is, is when will we see these kind of vehicles be affordable enough that the global cell will start to buy them? when will you see them driving all over africa? latin america and, and how important is that to yeah, sorry, sorry, sorry. a question for me. um, what we need to do. yeah. so what we need to do exactly right is make electric vehicles um, super cheap side of my office, like in the southeast asia. um we mentioned engineers or come kind of for them. and also, um, let's be honest, uh west and markets as well. and the way to do that is um there's another battery technology called lithium on phosphate. and you know, mosque is very uh, back on which has no nichol, i know, called on it honest cheap uh it has let them. but the fact is, you don't get as much range as batteries with nickel and cobalt. so the question is, um, you know, time consumers accept uh,

arrange vehicles and governments need to invest in charging infrastructure, say the, um, these cheaper vehicles can uh, you know, to be charged um, easily uh, but this is definitely the route to, to penetrate um, you know, markets that need uh, cheaper electric vehicles and also, um there's just another technology coming out called sodium on was just uses stadium. right. which is basically table salt. so that's another way to get cheaper that you vehicles. so i never really know innovation. yeah. goes outside the thing . um if okay uh at least a go for us. oh, i'm so sorry. and so i just 2 things. one, i actually think of that we need to step back from assuming that the world, including wealthy nation, should be electrifying every vehicle on the road. and some worth that we did we, we found that we could reduce material demand by more than 90 percent. if we pursued transit active mode alternatives to a personal vehicle dependency. mm hm. and i think that car dependent places wealthy

nations like the us should pursue multi pronged approaches and not electrify everything. i'd also like to add that in globally electrified $2.00 and $3.00 wheelers have displaced more oil than all of the electric vehicles that have been sold all the passenger vehicles. and i say this because electrification is going to look different around the world. and we should be a looking to electrified 2 and 3 wheelers which can deliver great air quality benefits for him in areas as well as electrified buses, which will probably play a really important role. for example, in electrifying latin america and africa. that's interesting. so this isn't just the one for one replacement from fossil fuel to electric vehicle. you're saying we really need to re think the entire transportation model. yeah, absolutely. okay. yeah. yeah, christina, could i just, i'm not sure if i'm disagreeing. i just want to, uh, what, and of course, what we can agree on, i think, is that all new vehicles that enter a roads should be 0 emission at that's, i mean, or else we keep, you know,

poor in new cars or new vehicles on the road that will be there for many years and pollutes. so what we can agree on if we are to sell vehicles, if we are to sell cars, those cars should be able to run on renewable fuels and that is electric cars. but so that's going to be true, christine, and those cars need to be more affordable for everyone in the apartment in america, they're still kind of luxury know, i think this is also a common misconception who buys new cars, who buys new cars in norway? 8 out of 10 who buy a new car in norway? a buy a car in norway by 2nd hand car. most people don't buy a new car. those to buy a new car in any country, whether it's indonesia or if it's norway or in the u. s. at least a norway, half of them are, are companies the other half is people with a certain income. absolutely. and it's the same in poor countries as well. but

these people, if they can afford a nice car, you need to make sure they also can afford an easy instead. and that's where green text is coming. you put higher texas on ice cars and you allow ease to compete. so the people that actually afford new cars can afford to meet the people, the wait list, money in every country will have to wait a few years until these a these are available in the 2nd hand market right now. that is starting to happen in norway. we have a growing secondhand market for east because we've been selling these cars force for us some time. but we can't. we don't think that the solution is to make cars, to cheap. because that's, that's a, that's not going to help us. if they start to cheap, everyone will buy it, buy a car. and so lisa says we, we need to, to make sure people are also using public transport, working, cycling and, and so one car shouldn't be too cheap, but easiest should to compete with all his cars. i think that's like what your spot

on christina, but in the us, alyssa, do have new taxes, higher taxes don't often go over to it. didn't. would that system work in the us? do you think that could even get that through? you know, there's no way that additional taxes on gasoline and diesel vehicles will, will happen in the us. i think it will have to be reflective of genuine cost reductions in electric vehicles. i think henry pointed out that things like lithium iron phosphate batteries that are coming online. not only do they have the benefit of of not including nickel and cobalt which are not only expensive materials, but also materials with human rights. and environmental issues will probably reduce the cost of, of electric vehicles and make them cost competitive with a gasoline and diesel vehicles, especially from a total cost of ownership perspective. i think other countries in the world can implement these taxes. in fact, when we, we have a few examples of lower income countries around the world or middle income countries that rely on 2nd in vehicle flows, especially from europe, japan,

in the us. and some of those countries have implemented exactly the tax regime. unimed points that christina is highlighted and they had mass of adoption. i read recently that mongolia, for example, which favored hybrid electric vehicles, had a fleet of 30 percent hybrid vehicles on the road, much better than what the u. s. has achieved with a tax regime. so i do think christine is solution, well it's not going to happen in the us is really an excellent solution and many other parts of the world. i mean, it sounds like the, these are multiple solutions, different solutions for different parts of the world where i work, but i think everyone's in agreement that needs to happen right. it definitely, luckily it's true. at least acellus assess and a 100 assess, easy as will become cheap. so insane. i've got to run a model right there because we're out of time. i want to think all 3 of us are christina and henry for joining us today. and for you, if you're watching on youtube or on out 0 english for joining us. and until next time we'll see you then the

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competent beyond wealth taken without hesitation for them died from power defines how well we live here. we make the rule, not them, they find an enemy and then they try and scare the people with that. and the people in power investigate, explodes, this and questions they use them to be of our around now to sierra here in the cabin there's been heavy arts and every from the 1st minute of the expiry of these fires, something has changed at this border crossing whether they are civilians or spiders . none of that seems to matter here. now, those law medicine data you and hcr is here and someone told us that they have never seen a dispatch. many people say that even when they are about to prophecies neighboring tad save us from being talked that there was an incredibly tragic day seeing

refugee streaming in this turned into a violent night. they seemed terrible things experienced about imaginable hardships to come this far. what happens now? the is on track. so russia, the north korean lead a heads for amazing was letting me have person the i'm to try this out just their life and also coming off of devastation in east and libya and todd communities are swept away with thousands 15. i'm nicholas hoc in the high atlas mountain, the area of with gun where aid is slow to come and villagers are taking matters and their own light is also.