what the product has go back will give us a better understanding of how the solar system storms, the ssl just here. and these are the top stories. the ssl is riley forces have shown that protesters, epi gallons a boat offense, entering at least $31.00 pellets. jeanine's these where the army has also launched a strong sense of the strip injuring to palestinians. israel's prime minister benjamin netanyahu says, is government is on the verge of making a peace deal with saudi arabia. speaking at the un general assembly, then yahoo said tell us the indians will also benefit from this if it's a long sought to make peace with the palestinians. but i also believe that we must not give the palestinians a veto over new peace treaties with the arab states. the palace digits could greatly benefit from a broader place. they should be part of that process,

but they should not have a veto over the process. and i also believe that making piece was more arab states would actually increase the prospect of making peace between israel and the palestinians. see the problem statement is the only 2 percent of the room must go, says ukrainian missiles have targeted the headquarters of his black c flayson, crimea, and said it's a defense system. shut down 5 missiles during the attack. and supposed to poll the blank smokeless st, billowing from the base. a senior advice on the official says ethnic, a median fight, isn't that going to come about? might be given m, the state is being protest and the median capital year of on against the government's handling of the crisis. folks that are underway about the reintegration of the region into as a by sean, after wednesday's fine to you as soon as the above menendez and his wife have been accused of accepting bribes to benefit egypt. the us attorney's office in manhattan's has been in his indulged and

a range of corrupt practices. prosecute this time more than half a $1000000.00 in cash and gold bonds were found in his hon. you as president joe biden has announced the establishment of the 1st if the office on gun violence prevention is being held as a when by guns safety advocates who have been campaigning for a few years. plus presidents coming to harris will oversee the new office and put francis's it is now humanitarian duty to risk you. people who are at risk of drowning. it's the same. the head of the roman catholic church is in the french city of mount sites. is urged nations to overcome what he calls a paralysis of fear about migrants is comments com in the wake of an influx of migraines to european shows with last week, thousands of people arrived in a single di on the italian island of lum producer. because the headlines, as it was at woodside, has the latest on the laptop stories state june died upfront, is up next. this is time for the west to replace the best option for the ukraine

washer more. then what would those options look like? what is us strategy when it comes to iran for almost 200 years, americans have generally been stuck with 2 political choices, but cannot ever change because it comes to us politics developed and indigenous women in the united states are going missing and getting murdered at an alarming rate. 10 times the national average on some reservations, more than 4 and 5 native american women have experienced pilots in their life time . that's 1.2 times the average for white women already experienced this proportionately high rates of violence compared to man. so what's behind this epidemic of violence, and why aren't we hearing about it constantly will take a closer look. for the 1st in canada, the covering of unmarked graves containing the remains of indigenous children leads to a moment of reckoning for the country. since may, within 1300 bodies have been identified here, former residential schools, these were government sponsored church ones, centers ain't that. eradicating indigenous culture as

a search continues for what's believes to be thousands more grades. what impact is the story habits, and what's next? and the struggle for justice will talk the former senator in chair of canada's truth and reconciliation, committee dismiss headliner where we think the more reason clear. thank you so much for joining me on upfront. the uncut ring of some 1300 raves, containing the remains of indigenous children at former residential schools. it's made headlines all around the world. how has this revelation impacted the struggle for historical justice among canada's indigenous people? thank you for having me on the show and i thank you for the question. i think it's an important issue for us to be thinking about and talking about one of the things that we talked about in the report that was sharing that was that the issue of children going missing at the schools and then dying at the schools was one that

was often played out for us and we had asked for a mandate to look into that more completely, sometimes 2 or 3 children to be buried in a gray. sometimes we heard stories from some of the is arrive or is a residential schools. the children actually being killed deliberately. and the one thing that we did point out was that because the government and forcibly remove the children from their families and from their communities, they have some obligation tomorrow. obligation is not a legal one to work with the families to return the bodies of the children, to the families and their communities in accordance with the traditions and the practices of those particular communities. and they never did that. but we also pointed out that we had good benefit of boat, 6500 names of children who died in the schools that we could determine from the

records of the schools. but we believe quite honestly, that there were many, many more probably as much as 8 or 9 times that number. maybe maybe even more. that's a, that's a cutting, that's a stunning number to think about. and even as you talk about the stories that you're hearing from people and indigenous people have been telling me stories for years of deplorable conditions, abuse, and disappearing. classmate is really no surprise to the indigenous communities that this is happening, but it seemed like the broader canadian public was surprised by this polling suggests that why is it taking so long for the broader public to catch up them to know what's going on? well, it would appear to us that there was a deliberate effort by the government of canada along with the churches that ran schools to cover up the best of the children. there was actually a study that was done by the medical director of the residential schools by the name of the member, the name of dr. peter brice,

back in the early part of the 20th century, but 1910 or so. and he looked at the desk, the rates of children in residential schools, and just a scattering in the estimated, based upon the studies that he had done. and the evidence that he big, heavy farm, that between 25 and 49 percent of the children in those schools either died at the schools or died shortly after leaving the schools. the poor uh, living conditions, department attrition, the core lifestyle, the abuse of the experience all contributed to the early test. and when dr. bryce asked to issue his report to the public, they prevented him from doing that and they actually fired him. and he managed to issue his report on his own private play, but then he called that the national crime, this report. but the uh,

the government refused to endorse it. to refuse this parted. and in addition to that, it was never really picked up in the media so that the connected society was also duplicated and covering up the story. and particularly the media. it seems to me as you point out, that the government has claimed ignorance to some extent around this stuff in that's somewhat puzzling, a former prime minister john effect in, in october of this year said that while serving as the minister of indian affairs and northern development in the 1960, the seventy's, he said that he quote, was not informed of any abuse at that time. many other government officials say they had no idea of what was going on. how could they have not known is that, is that even possible? you know, they're not, they're not being truthful when i say that, because we know for the records again, because we had access to all the good government records that were accessible to

the public generally. that there were several reports over the years that were made 2 ministers that were made to government officials and departmental officials at a senior level. and that those records showed the death rates of children. and these were not indigenous people who are writing of your honorable tommy douglas. for example, when he was later the n d p and the house of commons raised it as an issue. and he was told basically to go back to scratch one and stop talking about these things. so he was verbally criticized or even tried to raise it. so there was an issue of claiming ignorance on pretending that it never happened. and then there's the idea . alternatively of saying, oh, that's the distant past. that's a relic of ancient canadian history. when in fact the last residential school, it's a close was in 1997. it's a fairly recent part of the canadian historical narrative. how do residential

schools continue at this moment to shape the present and shape how the indigenous experience plays out? when the last reserves of schools closed in the nineties and in the 80s? some of them have been taken over by indigenous communities. so many of those schools are closed at the end were much better run and there was a more significant openness, but still a very bad rivers from the people who were there. and some of them have now been destroyed by the communities themselves. but so the, the impact of the schools is widely known as talked about in our report. and then generally, what we said was that the children who were taken away from their families forcibly where not only separators from their families, separated from the communities and their traditions, their elders, their support,

the people within the community. but they were also separated from their culture, from their language and they were abusing the schools if they continued to try to function in a way to maintain their language, to maintain their culture. they were also taught and brainwashed into believing that they came from an inadequate group of people. and other people were in fact socially, mentally. and in terms of civilization inferior people to the white european settlers who would come here after colonial period started. and today and history of course, was only taught from a call you perspective. so what we said was that the public schools picked up on that message and taught kids and public schools the same thing. and we have had a public school system in canada. it is founded on white supremacy for generations . and that's why there's such a schism between the leadership in this country uh,

usually non indigenous man. and the just one of the most troubling realities for indigenous children is the foster care system. there more than 40000 indigenous can is in that system. and for context, they make of 8 percent of the total population. more than half of the foster care system. do you see the crisis of child welfare as an extension of the residential school problem? you know, what we said was that in reality, the residential schools themselves were a child welfare system. and the child welfare system we see today is just a newer version of the residential school system. the intent beings take children away from their families and to put them into a situation where the system believes that they will become better citizens. so they've become more civilized to be better taken care of then the indigenous people can do. and even when the system has to acknowledge that they themselves have failed to do children in their care,

they still are authorized by the courts to continue to take children and huge numbers to the training session. but judges, and i said, where in the world would we ever have a justice system that continually gave children or to people who had failed the children that we had already given over to them before and yet were doing it without hesitation without question. when it comes to jo, welfare but we would never do with these repeat the private guardians. we're trying to take children into their homes. the catholic church ran upwards of 70 percent of the residential schools. in september, the canadian conference of catholic bishops issued an official apology. but now there's pressure mounting for the pope himself to apologize. this month, the delegation of indigenous leaders will meet the pope at the batt again to press for an apology. it's certainly a symbolic gesture, but why is it so significant to get that apology?

well, when we should the truth and reconciliation commission report to which one of our calls to action to call upon population an apology when you go through a central, as soon as candidate has gone through with regard to its treatment of indigenous people, there has to be a level of awareness, it has to be a tournament and there has to be apology. and so what we said is that if the catholic church is serious about showing its tongue and for what is done in the past, it has to apologize and it has to show what kind of action is going to take. and we haven't seen the apology of the apology from the bishops that have been made in the past have not been officially made on behalf of the church and served as the chair of candace truth and reconciliation committee. and in 2015, your team laid out 94 calls to action, which were designed to sort of help begin to repair some of the damage that have

been done by the residential schools. the prime minister trudel promised to fulfill all of them so far, only 14 had been fulfilled. 20 have yet to start. what does that mean was just as taking so long as well as i have said to the prime minister and 2 other government officials. the problem that is happening within government says that they don't have a plan. they don't think through what it is they're committing to the what it is they're apologizing for what it is that they need to do. and that plan is missing because there was a, a feeling at the beginning of the truth and reconciliation process on the part of government. and i think the public generally was that, uh, if we draw enough money at this wills good was settling down, it will be able to get them to be quiet. and so there's a been a lack of planning. let's, it's that simple, martha claire,

thank you so much for joining me on upfront. thank you for having me. it's been a good conversation. thank you. the in 2017. 32 year old olivia alone there in indigenous mother, a fire from north dakota with missing her family search for her for months and pushed law enforcement to take the case more seriously. 9 months later, a volunteer community member found her body in a pickup truck submerged in a lake within a mile of her home. this is just one case of thousands of native american women who go missing in or later found it. in the united states and vision as women and girls are disappearing and being murdered at alarming rates compared to other women and what's often called epidemic of violence. joining us to discuss this are mary catherine legal, citizen of cherokee nation and lawyer focused on tribal sovereignty and safety for native women and children. carry call for member of the clinic of tribe of southeast alaska and national indigenous women's resource center senior native

affairs advisor. thank you both in joining me on upfront. mary catherine, in recent years, thousands of native american women had been reported missing law enforcement is often slow to react, and families are often left waiting month for answers. and they're often dismissed and told that going missing isn't a crime. what's at the root of this crisis? you know, such an important question and i think we have to understand that this crisis is both cultural and legal in nature. i say cultural because violence against aid of women is a practice that began with the colonial conquests of the united states. i mean, all you have to do is read christopher columbus, his journals to understand that this is a man who literally bragged about raping and murdering indigenous women when he got lost and washed up on the shore line over here. so you've got that. you've got the history of the us military using, raped and homicide against data women as a military tactic to conquer tribal nations. we don't talk about that history is not a mystery as to why there's a high rate of violence against our native women today. at the same time, we have

a legal framework that allows that violence to continue and 1978 the united states supreme court and all the font versus the columbus indian tribe eliminated travel, criminal jurisdiction over non indians who come on to tribal lands and commit crimes so today, non indians can walk on to a reservation or onto indian lands and murder and native women with no consequences . and they do. the supreme court is taking that jurisdiction away while i'm and i wanna unpack the legal part of that in just a sec. i'm, i'm still trying to wrap my mind around no, this idea that when a crime is committed or when someone is just reported missing, carry that the response is indifference or, you know, it's not a crime to go missing to get dismissed. i mean, why is that? i think in part native women are really under represented in data. and so we know that the statistics of missing or murdered indigenous america strictly high, but we know that that, that, that's actually, they're actually likely a lot higher. and so all of these historical factors, in addition to these jurisdictional that um barriers, i'm

a failure of federal the federal government to adequately fund just as a victim server systems in indian country has led to predators. knowing that they can target needed women without repercussions. and no one's really going to care because the mainstream media doesn't really cover it very well often. okay, there kevin, i mean, you're one of the people who said that we have a culture that promotes and celebrates violence against native women. the data seems to bear that out. native american women are 2 and a half more likely to be raped compared to all other races. and in some reservations, murder rates of native american women are up to 10 times higher than the national average. for all races, can you speak to this dynamic? yeah, in terms of culture, up until this last summer, native women's bodies were still used to sell butter and other commercial products that is starting to change, you know, land o'lakes just changed their label. but many americans still think that it's completely appropriate to dress up as poca, hottie for halloween, pocahontas was

a child victim of rape. could not being in homicide. she was an indigenous girl, a little girl who lost her life to violence, to sexual violence. and she's not a halloween costume, but so long as are real women who are murdered and raped are just treated as halloween costumes. it creates a culture that just honestly accepts this violence. so that way the native woman is raped or goes missing or as murdered. i think because we have been dehumanized and over sexualized it's, it's harder for americans at large to, to have that kind of emotional response of we need to find her. her life matters when, when a native woman goes missing, carry this pop culture piece is interesting to me that how much of it is the kind of indifference to the lives in the well being of native women and how much of it is an ignorance of history i think it's a combination of all of it. i think it's a lack of understanding about our history. i think most of the time in history

class need is make up like the 1st chapter, despite the fact that we've been here for all of american history and, and century is thousands of years prior to that. and then i think there is also willful ignorance. i think it feels these issues often feel very far away to other need to other non need of people who don't live on or near tribal lands. and so they can sort of ignore all of these issues that native women face and they never really have to deal with it or think about it. and frankly, they don't want to tear it. but let me ask you another question because we started to talk about this idea of non native perpetrators of violence. 96 percent of the time violence against indigenous women is from a non native perpetrator. a tribal courts, a tribal police, for the most part, don't have the ability to prosecute crimes on reservations from non need of perpetrators or even arrest them without backup from non native law enforcement. it's hard for many people myself included to understand how this is legal. yeah,

i think it's, it's hard for native subject to figure out how it's legal as well as married. catherine said um after the supreme court's decision in all of us on in 1970 total justice systems can no longer hold accountable criminally abusive non natives who are continuing to harm their native partners. resulting in situations where a non native defendants piled up repeated in multiple prior contacts with tribal police. so essentially, tribal police and courts were unable to do very much to stop need of perpetrators. and then federal and state courts also just failed to protect anita victims. and that's where we are today and, and issues we're facing today and, and how all of this mess has been created back after that. that's, that's part of the, the crisis here, right? i mean, on the one hand, you don't have jurisdiction in this area, then you have the state and the federal police and in, in bodies that can intervene. but don't absolutely. in most cases on tribal lands, if a native woman is murdered,

the federal government does have jurisdiction. so we're looking at the federal government and saying, why are you doing your job? you know, you took the jurisdiction away from us. so do something step in, you know, we have, we have native women like olivia alone, there is a great example because her brother for 9 months bang, the f b i to search for his a certain date. i mean, you know, he wasn't, he was on national tv. he was sending letters who was making phone calls and they did nothing. and they had jurisdiction. mary, catherine, you've said placing paternalistic restrictions on tribal courts and the name of due process is nothing more than a disguise for prejudice. what do you mean by that? sure, cause i think, you know, you're right. a lot of folks will throw out this idea of, well, non indian defendants. their due process rights are not protected and travel court . the problem with a strong man argument is that the folks who say that actually can't point to a single piece of evidence, shred of evidence, where a non indians rights have been violated. and that's the irony of these arguments. i'm not saying travel courts are perfect. if you look at state and federal courts,

they're not perfect. and that's why i think it's based and on project us because, you know, i, for instance, and all the font when the supreme court in 1978 took away travel criminal jurisdiction over non indians. one of the things that chief rank west at the time said is, you know, we just, there's, there's no way to think that a non indian is going to get a fair shake in travel court. well, wait a 2nd because that non indian is not a citizen of that tribe that non indian cancelled and that tribes elections. well, i'm not a citizen of the state of kansas, but if i walk into kansas and start murdering people, i don't get to have a constitutional right to avoid a criminal prosecution because of due process. i'm sorry, that's not how i be the cable for to exactly the kansas governor or pick who's on their supreme court. and one thing really quick about due process. there are due process protections in the violence against women act, you know, right to counsel right? to notice right to file a abs and federal court, basically, all the protections you would have in state court or federal court and still the

conversation there are still people out there saying, well, we just don't think that due process rights are protected in travel court. even though it's, it's in the law and no one can point to a shred of evidence that it hasn't been provided. and so i really do think we're talking about projects. let's say it was top of the balance against and act the renewal passed in the house of representatives in 2019 carry, but its languishing in the senate if passed in would expand tribal jurisdiction to include other offences like sexual assault, stocking, trafficking, and child abuse. what kind of difference would that make again on the ground, on a day to day level? yeah, i mean, it would make a huge difference. what we've heard from tribal leaders, judges, advocates since 2013 since certain tribes started exercising special jurisdiction under about 2013 is that although it's been really successful in protecting tribal communities, from perpetrators who commit dating my violence or domestic violence. the narrow ness of jurisdiction under valez. her 3rd 2013 is

a continual source of frustration. and that's because it creates those loopholes for offenders and leaves victims unprotected and it limits how effectively tribes can prosecute domestic violence of vendors for crimes that co occur with domestic violence. so enhancing you know, these provisions and expanding to travel jurisdiction will help to better protect travel communities surrounding communities. and ultimately hopefully we would see a decline in the rates of abuse of native women. we know that there is a long history of institutional racism against invasion as people in this country. the question that i want to get an answer from, from you to a is sort of how we go about reversing that history. as a practical matter, what can we do and how do you specifically go about doing that work? i've certainly may gather is a huge question. you know, and i think that there's and visibility right. it most people, if they know of a native woman, they know of a halloween costume and that's it. we're starting to change that. you know,

we've got our 1st native woman, a member of the cabinet, the secretary of interior dep, holland. right? we've got native women in congress. we have a lot of work to do in the curriculum. in the united states, you know, most law schools don't teach all fine. right. so most law students who go to law schools don't study the supreme court decision. that is the reason why our native women faced the highest rates of domestic violence, sexual assault and homicide in the united states. america has started a lot about the kind of educational piece and the bit of the cultural peace care. what else can be done to undue this violence, this legacy of violence against indigenous people? well, 1st we need to adequately fund and provide resources to tribes. tribes are consistently set up to fail by this chronic under funding. so we need to ensure that tribes not only have the authority, which is what we talked about, a little bit with vala, but also the resources to hold defenders accountable to provide culturally centered services to their community. to prove data collections that we really know the

extent of the problem and can help identify more victims across jurisdictional lines. and so the sooner we give native people and that's especially need of victims and families of victims, a seat at the table in decision making. and i'm sure that they're part of these larger conversations the sooner we can come up with solutions that are actually tailored specifically to the needs of native nations, terry america. and thank you both so much for joining me in this conversation. i really appreciate everybody that is our show upfront. we'll be back next week the the the

with global leaders gathering in new york on going war and ukraine is likely to dominate events. what is the international community able to unite this thing without? is there a comprehensive coverage of the un general assembly? the venezuela, columbia bu address has become a stomping grounds for trespasses as desperate people transgress and illegals passage to feed an emerging fuel trafficking market. we followed the powerless journey on guarded through the line of fire risk at all. and as wayland columbia on al jazeera, on counseling the costs, the interest rates may have paid. but where does that leave the finance against

inflation wise? prices in the philippines off storing we speak to the nations finance minister plots of using promising workers would keep them in the jobs they can get counting the costs on our 0 the i'm time to try and dive how these are the top stories on al jazeera is really false, as have shown that protests is that the gallons aboard offense entering at least $31.00 pellets to indians. the is ready. um it has all sudden launched as strikes into the strip injuring to palestinians who now saw you. it has more from cancer, the air strikes that a targeted or bob, the 3 observation points belonging to how much israel says came in response to the incendiary balloons. that's where set.