see the new office, which is part of the administration's efforts to tackle mess shootings. no nicer is hoping it's 1st of a mission to achieve sample. so an asteroid is on cost to be completed successfully . the landing of the utah deserts on sunday. us space private cyrus rex was ne, in 2016. it's groups up samples for an asteroid quote. then almost 3 years ago the, this is all just here and these other stores are made stores the head of saddam's routing council is warning that the months long conflict in this country could spread to the why the region until a factor of the honda told i'll just there is mike honda and the fighting could lead to a broader humanitarian disaster has even with was some of those the games came from outside to then they came from neighboring countries. and that's why this conflict

will spill into those countries and will not be confined to sedan. the majority of the fight has come from the neighboring countries. the danger of this is a mess of humanitarian dis, hosted throughout the whole region, not just incident. and is it not ducky? yes, most certainly, this war may spill into other countries and may trust and security and safety in the region is ready for states have sought for testers at the gauze, aboard a fence entering at least 31 palestinians. they've been demonstrating against israel's closure of the board across stating on the attacks by is very staff. this is where the army has also doing some strikes on the strip injuring to people in the outside has more from gaza, of the air strikes that a targeted or bob. the 3 observation points belonging to how much israel says came in response to the incendiary balloons. that's where set towards israel by the

protesters protesting long because it is really borders. uh now at least 2 people where uh, injured in those uh air strikes and artillery shells on those uh military or on those observation points. israel's prime minister benjamin netanyahu says his government is on the verge of making a peace deal with sounds you a radio speaking to you in a general assembly and that's in yahoo talk about potential normalization agreements. but without any clear indication of an end to the testing, an occupation have been protesting on media over the government's handling of the recent crisis. and we're going to cover of that 100 schools the 5 minutes to resignation. i think on millions in the reason they agreed to lay down their weapons earlier this week, after a tax from a bunch on well, those, all the headlines, more news here on just here off the upfront thoughts providing on

it's a basic fundamental human rights that everyone has the right to seek safety and protection hodge. i mean, to be suppose to tell a bun, failed pockets. tons, hope, and expectations facing realities has good education in your view, become elite of goods. universities only accessible to the people who can afford them via the story on told to out just in the indigenous women in the united states are going missing and getting murdered at an alarming rate. 10 times the national average on some reservations, more than 4 and 5 native american women have experienced violence in the lifetime. that's 1.2 times the average for white women already experienced this proportionately high rates of violence compared to man. so what's behind this epidemic of violence and why aren't we hearing about it constantly will take a closer look. for the 1st in canada, the covering of unmarked graves containing the remains of indigenous children leads

to a moment of reckoning for the country since may. within 1300 bodies have been identified here, former residential schools. these were government sponsored church one centers, ain't that. eradicating indigenous culture as a search continues for what's believes to be thousands more grades. what impact does this story have it? and what's next and the struggle for justice. we'll talk to former senator in chair of candidates truth and reconciliation committee is headliner, where we think the more reason clear. thank you so much for joining me on upfront. the uncut ring of some 1300 raves, containing the remains of indigenous children at former residential schools. it's made headlines all around the world. how has this revelation impacted the struggle for historical justice among canada's indigenous people? or whether you are having me on the show and i think it for the question, i think it's an important issue for us to be thinking about and talking about one

of the things that we haven't talked about in the report that was sharing that was that the issue of children going missing at the schools and then dying at the schools was one that was often played out for us. and we had asked for a mandate to look into that more completely. so sometimes 2 or 3 children to be buried in a gray. sometimes we heard stories from some of the survivors of residential schools, the children actually being killed deliberately. and the one thing that we did point out was that because the government had forcibly removed the children from their families and from the communities they have some obligation tomorrow, obligation is not a legal one to work with the families, to return the bodies of children to the families and their communities in accordance with the traditions and the practices of those particular communities.

and they never did that. but we also pointed out that we had a dentist side of about 6500 names of children who died in the schools that we could determine from the records of the schools. but we believe quite honestly that there were many, many more probably as much as 8 or 9 times that number. maybe maybe even more. that's a, that's a cutting, that's a standing number to think about. and even as you talk about the stories that you're hearing from people and indigenous people have been telling me stories for years of deplorable conditions, abuse and disappearing class. i mean, it's really no surprise to the indigenous communities that this was happening, but it seemed like the broader canadian public was surprised by this polling suggests that why is it taking so long for the broader public to catch up them to know what's going on was what appeared to us that there was a deliberate effort by the government of canada, along with the churches and rims those to cover up the desk of the children. there

was actually a study that was done by a, in the medical director of the residential schools by the name of the member, the name of the doctor, peter grace. back in the early part of the 20th century, about 1910 or so. and he looked at the dest rates of children in residential schools, and just a scattering can a estimated, based upon the studies that he had done. and the evidence that he big heavy farm, that between 25 and 49 percent of the children and no schools either died at the schools or died shortly after leaving the schools. the poor of living conditions, important attrition, the core lifestyle, the abuse that the experience of contributed to the early test. and when dr. bryce asked to issue his report to the public, they prevented him from doing that. and they actually fired him. and he managed to

issue his report on his own private play, but then he called that the national crime, this report. but the uh, the government refused to endorse it or if uses parted. and in addition to that, it was never really picked up in the media so that the connected society was also duplicated and covering up the story. and particularly the media. it seems to me as you point out, that the government has claimed ignorance to some extent around this stuff. and that's somewhat puzzling, a former prime minister showing it in, in october of this year, said that while serving as the minister of indian affairs and northern development in the 1960 and 76 said that he quote, was not informed of any abuse at that time. many other government officials say they had no idea of what was going on. how could they have not known is that,

is that even possible? you know, they're not, they're not being treated. so when i say that, because we know for the records again, because we had access to all the good government records that were accessible to the public generally, that there were several reports over the years that were made to ministers that were made to government officials and departmental officials at a senior level and that those records showed the death rates of children and these were not indigenous people who are writing of your honorable tommy douglas. for example, when he was leader of the n d p and the house of commons raised it as an issue. and he was told basically i go back to scratch one and stop talking about these things . so he was verbally criticized or even try to raise it. so there's an issue of claiming ignorance on pretending that it never happened. and then there's the idea

. alternatively of saying, oh, that's the distant past. that's a relic of ancient canadian history. when in fact, the last residential school to close was in 1997, it's a fairly recent part of the canadian historical narrative. how do residential schools continue at this moment to shape the present and shape how the indigenous experience plays out? when the last residential schools closed in the nineties and in the 80s, some of them had been taken over by indigenous communities. so many of those schools are closed at the end were much better run and there was a more significant openness. but still there were very bad rivers from the people who were there and some of them have now been destroyed by the communities themselves. but so the, the impact of the schools is, is widely known as talked about in our report. and then generally,

what we said was that the children who were taken away from their families forcibly where 90 separators from their families, separated from the communities and their traditions, their elders, their support, the people within the community. but they were also separated from their culture, from their language and they were abusing the schools if they continued to try to function in a way to maintain their language, to maintain their culture. they were also taught and brainwashed into believing that they came from a inadequate group of people and other people were in fact socially, mentally. and in terms of civilization inferior people to the white european settlers who had come here after colonial period started. and then today, and history of course was only taught from a call you perspective. so what we said was that the public schools picked up on that message and taught kids in public schools, the same thing. and we,

we have had a public school system, a candidate is founded on when supremacy for generations. and that's why there's such a schism between the leadership in this country. so usually 9 judges, man and indigenous community. one of the most troubling realities for indigenous children is in the foster care system. there are more than $40000.00 indigenous kids in that system. and for context, they make of 8 percent of the total population. more than half of the foster care system. do you see the crisis of child welfare as an extension of the residential school problem? you know, what we said was that in reality, the residential schools themselves were a child welfare system. and the child welfare system, we see today is just a newer version of the residential school system. the intent beings take children away from their families and to put them in to a situation where the system believes that they will become better citizens. so

they've become more civilized to be better taken care of then the indigenous people can do. and even when the system has to acknowledge that they themselves have failed to do children in their care, they still are authorized by the courts to continue to take children and huge numbers to the training session. but judges, and i said, where in the world would we ever have a justice system that continually gave children or to people who had failed the children that we had already given over to them before and yet were doing it without hesitation without question. when it comes to jo, welfare but we would never do with these really private guardians or trying to take children into their homes. the catholic church ran upwards of 70 percent of the residential schools. in september, the canadian conference of catholic bishops issued an official apology. but now there's pressure mounting for the pope himself to apologize. this month,

the delegation of indigenous leaders will meet the pope at the batt again to press for an apology. it's certainly a symbolic gesture, but why is it so significant to get that apology? well, when we assure the truth and reconciliation commission report to which one of our calls to action to call upon the population an apology. when you go through a situation as candidate has gone through with regard to its treatment of indigenous people, there has to be a level of awareness. it has to be a tournament, and there has to be apology. and so what we said is that if the catholic church is serious about showing its or to look for what is done in the past, it has to apologize and it has to show what kind of action is going to take. and we haven't seen the apology of the apology for the bishops that have been made in the past. i'm not beneficial made on behalf of the church and served as the chair of

canada's truth and reconciliation committee and in 2015 your team laid out in $94.00 cause to action, which were designed to sort of help begin to repair some of the damage that have been done by the residential schools, a prime minister. trudel promised to feel all of them so far, only 14 had been fulfilled. 20 have yet to start. what does that mean was just as taking so long as well as i have said to the prime minister and 2 other government officials. the problem that is happening within government says that they don't have a plan. they don't think through what it is that they're committing to the what it is they're apologizing for what it is that they need to do. and that plan is missing because there was a, a feeling at the beginning of the truth and reconciliation process on the part of government. and i think the public generally was that if we draw enough money at

this wills good was settling down, it will be able to get them to be quiet. and so there's been a lack of planning let's. it's that simple, very similar. thank you so much for joining me on upfront. thank you for having me . it's been a good conversation. thank you. the in 2017. 32 year old olivia alone, their indigenous mother, a fire from north dakota with missing her family, searched for her for months and pushed law enforcement to take the case more seriously. 9 months later, a volunteer community member found her body in a pickup truck submerged in the lake within a mile of her home. this is just one case of thousands of native american women who go missing in or later found it. in the united states and vision as women and girls are disappearing and being murdered at alarming rates compared to other women, and what's often called an epidemic of violence. joining us to discuss this are

mary. catherine may go a citizen of cherokee nation and lawyer focused on tribal sovereignty and safety for native women and children. terry call for member of the clinic of tribe of southeast alaska and national indigenous women's resource center senior native affairs advisor. thank you both for joining me on upfront. mary catherine, in recent years, thousands of native american women had been reported missing law enforcement is often slow to react, and families are often left waiting month for answers. and they're often dismissed and told they've going missing isn't a crime. what to the root of this crisis. you know, such an important question and i think we have to understand that this crisis is both cultural and legal in nature. i say cultural because violence against aid of women is a practice that began with the colonial conquests of the united states. i mean, all you have to do is read christopher columbus, his journals to understand that this is a man who literally bragged about raping and murdering indigenous women when he got lost and washed up on the shoreline over here. so you've got that. you've got the history of the us military using rape and homicide against a to women as

a military tactic to conquer trifle nations. we don't talk about that history. it's not a mystery as to why there's a high rate of violence against our native women today. at the same time, we have a legal framework that allows that violence to continue in 1978 the united states supreme court and all the font versus the columbus indian tribe, eliminated tribal criminal jurisdiction over non indians who come on to tribal lands and commit crimes so today, non indians can walk on to a reservation or on to indian lands and murder and native women with no consequences. and they do, the supreme court is taking that jurisdiction away. well, i'm and i wanna unpack the legal part of that in just a sec i'm, i'm still trying to wrap my mind around though this idea that when a crime is committed or when someone is just reported missing, carry that the response is indifference or, you know, it's not a crime to go missing, they get dismissed. i mean, why is that? i think in part a women are really under represented in data. and so we know that the statistics of

missing a murdered indigenous one are strongly high. but we know that, that, that, that's actually directly likely a lot higher. and so all of these historical factors, in addition to these jurisdictional that barriers and the failure of federal, the federal government to adequately fund justice and victims over systems and indian country has led to predators and knowing that they can target, needing women without repercussions. and no one's really going to care because the mainstream unit doesn't really cover it very well. often. mary, catherine, i mean, you're one of the people who said that we have a culture that promotes and celebrates violence against native women. and the data seems to bear that out. native american women are 2 and a half more likely to be rate compared to all other races. and in some reservations, murder rates of native american women are up to 10 times higher than the national average for all races. can you speak to this dynamic? yeah, in terms of culture, up until this last summer, native women's bodies were still used to sell butter and other commercial products

that is starting to change no land o'lakes just changed their label. but many americans still think that it's completely appropriate to dress up as polk, a hobby for halloween, pocahontas was a child victim of rape. could not being in homicide. she wasn't indigenous girl, a little girl who lost her life to violence, to sexual violence. and she's not a halloween costume, but so long as are real women who are murdered and raped are just treated as halloween costumes. it creates a culture that just honestly accepts this violence, so that with a native woman is raped or goes missing or is murdered. i think because we have been dehumanized and over sexualized it's, it's harder for americans at large to, to have that kind of emotional responsive. we need to find her life matters when, when the native woman goes missing, carry this pop culture piece is interesting to me that how much of it is the kind

of indifference to the lives in the wellbeing of native women and how much of it isn't ignorance, of history, i think it's a combination of all of it. i think it's a lack of understanding about our history. i think most of the time in history class natives make up like the 1st chapter, despite the fact that we've been here for all of american history and, and century thousands of years prior to that. and then i think there is also willful ignorance. i think it feels these issues often still very far away to other need to other non native people who don't live on or near tribal lands. and so they can sort of ignore all of these issues that need implement phase, and they never really have to deal with it or think about it. and frankly, they don't want to carry it. but let me ask you another question because we started to talk about this idea of non native perpetrators of violence, but 96 percent of the time violence against indigenous women is from a non native perpetrator. a tribal quartz tribal police, for the most part, don't have the ability to prosecute crimes on reservations from non native

perpetrators or even arrest them without backup from non native law enforcement. it's hard for many people myself included to understand how this is legal. yeah, i think it's, it's hard for native subject to figure out how it's legal as well as married catherine said after the supreme court decision in all of us on, in 1978, the type of justice systems could no longer hold accountable criminally abusive non natives who are continuing to harm their native partners resulting in situations where non native defendants piled up repeated in multiple prior contacts with tribal police. so essentially, tribal police and courts were unable to do very much to stop and i need a perpetrators. and then federal and state courts also just failed to protect anita victims. and that's where we are today and, and issues we're facing today and, and how all of this mass has been created back out of that that's, that's part of the, the crisis here, right? i mean, on the one hand,

you don't have jurisdiction in this area. then you have the state and the federal police in, in, in bodies that can intervene. but don't, absolutely, in most cases on tribal lands, if a native woman is murdered, the federal government does have jurisdiction. so we're looking at the federal government and saying, why are you doing your job? you know, you took the jurisdiction away from us. so do something step in. you know, we have, we have native women like olivia alone. there is a great example because her brother, for 9 months big the s b i to search for his sister big. i mean, you know, he wasn't, he was on national tv. he was sending letters who was making phone calls and they did nothing. and they had jurisdiction, mary catherine, you said placing paternalistic restrictions on tribal courts and the name of due process is nothing more than a disguise for prejudice. what do you mean by that? sure. cause i think, you know, you're right. a lot of folks will throw out this idea of, well, non indian defendants. they're due process rights are not protected and travel

court. the problem with the strong man argument is that the folks who say that actually can't point to a single piece of evidence, shred of evidence, where a non indians rights have been violated. and that's the irony of these arguments. i'm not saying travel courts are perfect. if you look at state and federal courts, they're not perfect. and that's why i think it's based on priority to us because, you know, i, for instance, in all the font when the supreme court and 1978 took away travel criminal jurisdiction over non indians. one of the things that chief rank west at the time said is, you know, we just, there's, there's no way to think that a non indian is going to get a fair shake in travel court. well, wait a 2nd because that non indian is not a citizen of that tribe, that known an indian can't vote and that tribes elections. well, i'm not a citizen of the state of kansas, but if i walk into kansas and start murdering people, i don't get to have a constitutional right to avoid a criminal prosecution because of due process. i'm sorry, that's not how i became the cable for to the, for kansas governor or pick who's on their supreme court. and one thing really

quick about due process. there are due process protections in the violence against women act, you know, right to counsel right? to notice right to file a abs and federal court, basically, all the protections you would have in state court or federal court and still the conversation there are still people out there saying, well, we just don't think that due process rights are protected and travel court even though it's, it's in the law and no one can point to assure the evidence that it hasn't been provided. and so i really do think we're talking about projects still is top of the violence against women act uh, the renewal passed in the house of representatives in 2019 carry, but its languishing in the senate if passed. it would expand tribal jurisdiction to include other offences like sexual assault, stocking, trafficking in child abuse. what kind of difference would that make again on the ground, on a day to day level? yeah, i mean it would make a huge difference. what we've heard from tribal leaders, judges, advocates since 2013 since certain tribes started exercising special jurisdiction

under about 2013 is that although it's been really successful in protecting tribal communities, from perpetrators who commit dating my violence or domestic violence. the narrow ness of jurisdiction under valez. her 3rd 2013 is a continual source of frustration. and that's because it creates those loopholes for offenders and leaves victims unprotected and it limits how effectively tribes can prosecute domestic violence of vendors for crimes that co occur with domestic violence. so enhancing you know, these provisions and expanding to travel jurisdiction will help to better protect the tribal communities surrounding communities. and ultimately, hopefully we would see a decline in the rates of abuse of native women. we know that there is a long history of institutional racism against invasion as people in this country. the question that i want to get an answer from from you to, is sort of how we go about reversing that history. as a practical matter,

what can we do and how do you specifically go about doing that work? i've certainly may gather is a huge question. you know, and i think that there's and visibility right. it most people, if they know of a native woman, they know of halloween costume and that's it. we're starting to change that. you know, we've got our 1st native woman, a member of the cabinet, the secretary of interior dep holland. right? we've got native women in congress. we have a lot of work to do in the curriculum. in the united states, you know, most law schools don't teach all fine. right. so most law students who go to law schools don't study the supreme court decision. that is the reason why our native women faced the highest rates of domestic violence, sexual assault and homicide in the united states. america has started a lot about the kind of educational piece and the bit of the cultural peace care. what else can be done to undue this violence, this legacy of violence against indigenous people? well, 1st we need to adequately fund and provide resources to tribes. tribes are consistently set up to fail by this chronic under funding. so we need to ensure that tribes not

only have the authority, which is what we talked about, a little bit with vala, but also the resources to hold defenders accountable to provide culturally centered services to their community. to prove data collections that we really know the extent of the problem and can help identify more victims across jurisdictional lines. and so the sooner we give native people and that's especially need of victims and families of victims, a seat at the table in decision making. and i'm sure that they're part of these larger conversations the sooner we can come up with solutions that are actually tailored specifically to the needs of native nations, terry america. and thank you both so much for joining me in this conversation. i really appreciate everybody that is our show upfront. we'll be back next week the, the

the, the, me and let me go ahead and give us citizen or risking their lives to secretly film the ongoing persecution. fair people. 101 east reveals the never before seen footage on all just the oil rich iraq is facing a crisis and a final bike to results water as dams built by its upstream neighbors with strict flow under investment and climate change or exacerbate do the situation. now,

when regions were settled funding 1st, image pensions are rapidly rising. people in power investigates whether this could be the last generation to farm the land. iraq's walter was part to of to, on a jersey to the a gray morning. the head of saddam's ruling counsel tells us that the conflict in his country could spread to neighboring nations the wrong. com massage their life and also coming up at least the 2 on palestinians are injured off to is ready for us as a fire demonstrates as then it goes a border of the united nation.