note several topics here. got mentioned one that i expected would be mentioned earlier would be somalia spice against all. sure. bob. their requests perhaps for the un peacekeeping force to stay on longer then then is currently scheduled. but that hasn't yet been mentioned. what stood out to you or yeah, we do know though i think some of the things he's likely to say in the speech has been speaking to reporters. and i think there are things that it can come up in the speech that we haven't heard yet. which will be moral now. sure. bob was 1st telling you of the, of the attack that took place bowman went off some 330 columbus is north of mogadishu in central somalia. and better. dwayne, 10 people killed, 20 injured showing you. i think that is still very active conflict going on in somalia. i'll show bob, still very active in that country. and i think you also are going to here later in the speech of the nervousness of the somali government, because that being

a you peacekeepers, they were called m as home of the new name is at ms. the african union transition mission transition is to tell you old, tell the world, but they are leaving. there were $22000.00 african union trips and they're already in the 2nd phase of withdrawal. i think this war is the somali government, how some check. well, how about who's the president? this is the prime minister talking on behalf of the president a collection a year ago, total water and our show bob. and they also, i think likely because the prime minister is supposed to report us before he made his speech to cool for an end to the international ohms. involved co. if somebody is gonna take this task on the, on its own to try and deal with our shop by once the african union peacekeepers and finally left. and i think they'd like the, the african union peacekeepers to stay the longer they would like to have access to the weapons they need for this fight. and i think that's something you're likely to hear from the some of the prime minister as he continues his speech to the un general assembly was telling you that we're now in the phase of the un general

assembly while we've got prime minister speaking, but soon it'll be administered as it's done in terms of diplomatic protocol. we have the presence at the beginning of the week, then the prime ministers and then the foreign ministers. i'm coming up in the coming hours. i think the most important part of minutes that we're going to hear from is so good luck for all the russian foreign minister, as we've already had from presidents lensky. earlier in the week, we're going to hit the russian side of the story with regards to the war in ukraine . president, a foreign minister allowed prof speaking in the general assembly a little later. and also giving a press conference last report as get inside you and have to just yeah, think we can reasonably expect some headlines to come out of that one as a buyers on is another speaker that we're looking at for that social 0 is james bay's. there okay, we're going to wrap it up in our back and then somebody else. thank the, the oil rich, the rock is facing a crisis and a final vital results. water,

as dams built by its upstream neighbors with strict flow under investment and climate change, or exacerbate do the situation. now when regions were settled, funding 1st emerge, pensions are rapidly rising. people in power investigates whether this could be the last generation to farm the land. iraq's walter was parked one of 2 on the jersey. the indigenous women in the united states are going missing and getting murdered at an alarming rate. 10 times the national average on some reservations, more than 4 and 5 native american women have experienced violence in their lifetime . that's 1.2 times the average for white women already experienced this proportionately high rates of violence compared to man. so what's behind this epidemic of violence and why aren't we hearing about it constantly? we'll take a closer look. for the 1st in canada, the uncovering of unmarked graves containing the remains of indigenous children leads to

a moment of reckoning for the country. since may. within 1300 bodies have been identified in your former residential schools. these were government sponsored church one centers and that eradicating indigenous culture. as a search continues for what's believes to be thousands more grades. what impact is the story habits and what's next? and the struggle for justice will talk to former senator interior of canada's the truth and reconciliation committee. this week's headliner where we think like the more recent class, thank you so much for joining me on upfront the uncovering of some, 1300 raves containing the remains of indigenous children at former residential schools. it's made headlines all around the world. how has this revelation impacted the struggle for historical justice among canada's indigenous people? thank you for having me on the show and i thank you for the question. i think it's an important issue for us. are we thinking about and talking about one of the

things that we talked about in the report that was sharing that. what was that the issue of children going missing at the schools and then dying at the schools was one that was often played out for us. and we had asked for a mandate to look into that more completely, sometimes 2 or 3 children to be buried in a gray. sometimes we heard stories from some of the is arrive or is a residential schools. the children actually being killed deliberately. and the one thing that we did point out was that because the government had forcibly removed the children from their families and from their communities, they have some obligation tomorrow. obligation is not a legal one to work with the families to return the bodies of the children. to the families and their communities in accordance with the traditions and the practices of those particular communities. and they never did that. but we also pointed out

that we had good benefit of boat, 6500 names of children who died in the schools that we could determine from the records of the schools. but we believed quite honestly that there were many, many more, probably as much as 8 or 9 times that number. maybe maybe even more. that's so that's, that's what the cutting that's a stunning number to think about. and even as you talk about the stories that you're hearing from people and indigenous people have been telling you stories for years of deplorable conditions, abuse, and disappearing classmate. it's really no surprise to the indigenous communities that this was happening, but it seemed like the broader canadian public was surprised by this polling suggests that why is it taking so long for the broader public to catch up them to know what's going on? well, it would appear to us that there was a deliberate effort by the government of canada along with the churches that ran schools to cover up the best of the children. there was actually

a study that was done by the medical director of the residential schools by the name of the member, the name of dr. peter brice, back in the early part of the 20th century, but 1910 or so. and he looked at the desk, the rates of children in residential schools, and just a scattering in the estimated, based upon the studies that he had done. and the evidence that he big, heavy farm, that between 25 and 49 percent of the children in those schools either died at the schools or died shortly after leaving the schools, the poor of living conditions, department attrition, the core lifestyle, the abuse of the experience, all contributed to the early test, and when dr. bryce asked to issue his report to the public, they prevented him from doing that and they actually fired him and he managed to

issue his report on his own private play. but then he called that the national crime, this report, but the uh, the government refused to endorse it. to refuse this parted. and in addition to that, it was never really picked up in the media so that the connected society was also duplicated and covering up the story and particularly the media. and it seems to me as you point out, that the government has claimed ignorance to some extent around this stuff in that's somewhat puzzling, a former prime minister john effect in, in october of this year, said that while serving as the minister of indian affairs and northern development in the 1960, the seventy's, he said that he quote, was not informed of any abuse at that time. many other government officials say they had no idea of what was going on. how could they have not known is that, is that even possible?

you know, they're not, they're not being truthful when i say that, because we know for the records again, because we had access to all the good government records that were accessible to the public generally. that there were several reports over the years that were made 2 ministers that were made to government officials and departmental officials at a senior level. and that those records showed the death rates of children. and these were not indigenous people who are writing of your honorable tommy douglas. for example, when he was later the n d p and the house of commons raised it as an issue. and he was told basically to go back to scratch one and stop talking about these things. so he was verbally criticized or even tried to raise it. so there was an issue of claiming ignorance on pretending that it never happened. and then there's the idea . alternatively of saying, oh, that's the distant past. that's

a relic of ancient canadian history. when in fact the last residential school, the close was in 1997. it's a fairly recent part of the canadian historical narrative. how do residential schools continue at this moment to shape the present and shape how the indigenous experience plays out? when the last reserves of schools closed in the ninety's and in the 80s? some of them had been taken over by indigenous communities. so many of those schools are closed at the end were much better run and there was a more significant openness which still that were very bad memories from the people who were there. and some of them have now been destroyed by the communities themselves. but so the, the impact of the schools is widely known as talked about in our report. and

then generally, what we said was that the children who were taken away from their families forcibly where not only separators from their families, separated from the communities and their traditions, their elders, their support, the people within the community. but they were also separated from their culture, from their language and they were abusing the schools if they continued to try to function in a way to maintain their language, to maintain their culture. they were also taught and brainwashed into believing that they came from an inadequate group of people. and other people were in fact socially, mentally. and in terms of civilizations, inferior people to the white european settlers who would come here after colonial period started. and today and history of course, was only taught from a call you perspective. so what we said was that the public schools picked up on that message and taught kids in public schools. the same thing. and we have had a public school system in canada. it is founded on white supremacy for generations

. and that's why there's such a schism between the leadership in this country uh, usually non indigenous man and indigenous community. one of the most troubling realities for indigenous children is the foster care system. there are more than 40000 indigenous can is in that system. and for context, they make of 8 percent of the total population. more than half of the foster care system. do you see the crisis of child welfare as an extension of the residential school problem? you know, what we said was that in reality, the residential schools themselves were a child welfare system and the child welfare system. we see today is just a newer version of the residential school system. the intent beings take children away from their families and to put them into a situation where the system believes that they will become better citizens. so they've become more civilized to be better taken care of. then the indigenous

people can do. and even when the system has to acknowledge that they themselves have failed to do children in their care, they still are authorized by the courts to continue to take children and huge numbers to the training session. but judges, and i said, where in the world would we ever have a justice system that continually gave children or to people who had failed the children that we had already given over to them before. and yet, we're doing it without hesitation without question. when it comes to jo, welfare but we would never do it the days repeat the private guardian. so we're trying to take children into their homes. the catholic church ran upwards of 70 percent of the residential schools. in september, the canadian conference of catholic bishops issued an official apology. but now there's pressure mounting for the pope himself to apologize. this month,

the delegation of indigenous leaders will meet the pope at the batt again to press for an apology. it's certainly a symbolic gesture, but why is it so significant to get that apology? well, when we should the truth and reconciliation commission report to which one of our calls to action to call upon population an apology when you go through a central, as soon as candidate has gone through with regard to its treatment of indigenous people, there has to be a level of awareness that has to be a tournament and there has to be apology. and so what we said is that if the catholic church is serious about showing its tongue and for what is done in the past, it has to apologize and it has to show what kind of action is going to take. and we haven't seen the apology of the apology from the bishops that have been made in the past have not been officially made on behalf of the church and served as the chair of candace truth and reconciliation committee. and in 2015 your team lead out 94

costs to action, which are designed to sort of help begin to repair some of the damage that have been done by the residential schools. the prime minister trudel promised to fulfill all of them so far, only 14 had been fulfilled. 20 have yet to start. what does that mean was just as taking so long as well as i have said to the prime minister and 2 other government officials. the problem that is happening within government says that they don't have a plan. they don't think through what it is they're committing to the what it is they're apologizing for what it is that they need to do. and that plan is missing because there was a, a feeling at the beginning of the truth and reconciliation process on the part of government. and i think the public generally was that, uh,

if we draw enough money at this wills good was settling down, it will be able to get them to be quiet. and so there's been a lack of planning let's it's that simple, laurie sinclair, thank you so much for joining me on upfront. thank you for having me. it's been a good conversation. thank you. the in 2017. 32 year old olivia alone there in indigenous mother, a fire from north dakota with missing her family, searched for her for months and pushed law enforcement to take the case more seriously. 9 months later, a volunteer community member found her body in a pickup truck submerged in the lake within a mile of her home. this is just one case of thousands of native american women who go missing in or later found it. in the united states and vision as women and girls are disappearing and being murdered at alarming rates compared to other women and what's often called epidemic of violence. joining us to discuss this are mary catherine legal, citizen of cherokee nation and lawyer focused on tribal sovereignty and safety for

native women and children. terry coffer member of the clinic of tribe of southeast alaska and national indigenous women's resource center senior native affairs advisor. thank you both in joining me on upfront. mary katherine, in recent years, thousands of native american women had been reported missing law enforcement is often slow to react, and families are often left waiting month for answers. and they're often dismissed and told that going missing isn't a crime. what's at the root of this crisis? you know, such an important question and i think we have to understand that this crisis is both cultural and legal in nature. i say cultural because violence against aid of women is a practice that began with the colonial conquests of the united states. i mean, all you have to do is read christopher columbus, his journals to understand that this is a man who literally bragged about raping and murdering indigenous women when he got lost and washed up on the shore line over here. so you've got that. you've got the history of the us military using, raped and homicide against data women as

a military tactic to conquer tribal nations. we don't talk about that history is not a mystery as to why there's a high rate of violence against our native women today. at the same time, we have a legal framework that allows that violence to continue and 1978 the united states supreme court and all the font versus squamish indian tribe eliminated tribal criminal jurisdiction over non indians who come on to tribal lands and commit crimes. so today, non indians can walk on to a reservation or onto indian lands and murder and native women with no consequences . and they do. the supreme court is taking that jurisdiction away while i'm and i want to unpack the legal part of that in just a sec i'm. i'm still trying to wrap my mind around. no. this idea that when a crime is committed or when someone is just reported missing, carry that the response is indifference or, you know, it's not a crime to go missing to get dismissed. i mean, why is that? i think in part native women are really under represented in data. and so we know

that the statistics of missing a murdered indigenous america strictly high, but we know that that, that, that's actually, they're actually likely a lot higher. and so all of these historical factors, in addition to these jurisdictional that um barriers, i'm a failure of federal the federal government to adequately fund just as a victim server systems in indian country has led to predators. knowing that they can target needed women without repercussions. and no one's really going to care because the mainstream media doesn't really cover it very well often. okay, there kevin, i mean, you're one of the people who said that we have a culture that promotes and celebrates violence against native women. the data seems to bear that out. native american women are 2 and a half more likely to be raped compared to all other races. and in some reservations, murder rates of native american women are up to 10 times higher than the national average. for all races, can you speak to this dynamic? yeah, in terms of culture, up until this last summer, native women's bodies were still used to sell butter and other commercial products

that is starting to change, you know, land o'lakes just changed their label. but many americans still think that it's completely appropriate to dress up as poca, hottie for halloween, pocahontas was a child victim of rape. could not being in homicide. she was an indigenous girl, a little girl who lost her life to violence, to sexual violence. and she's not a halloween costume, but so long as are real women who are murdered and raped are just treated as halloween costumes. it creates a culture that just honestly accepts this violence. so that way the native woman is raped or goes missing or as murdered. i think because we have been dehumanized and over sexualized it's, it's harder for americans at large to, to have that kind of emotional response of we need to find her. her life matters when, when the native woman goes missing, carry this pop culture piece is interesting to me that how much of it is the kind of indifference to the lives in the well being of native women and how much of it

is an ignorance of history i think it's a combination of all of it. i think it's a lack of understanding about our history. i think most of the time in history class need is make up like the 1st chapter, despite the fact that we've been here for all of american history and, and century thousands of years prior to that. and then i think there is also willful ignorance. i think it feels these issues often feel very far away to other need to other non need of people who don't live on or near tribal lands. and so they can sort of ignore all of these issues that native women say's. and they never really have to deal with it or think about it. and frankly, they don't want to tear it. but let me ask you another question because we started to talk about this idea of non native perpetrators of violence. 96 percent of the time violence against indigenous women is from a non native perpetrator. a tribal courts, tribal police, for the most part, don't have the ability to prosecute crimes on reservations from non need of perpetrators or even arrest them without backup from non native law enforcement.

it's hard for many people myself included to understand how this is legal. yeah, i think it's, it's hard for native subject to figure out how it's legal as well as married. catherine said um after the supreme court's decision in all of us on in 1978, total justice systems can no longer hold accountable criminally abusive non natives who are continuing to harm their need of partners. resulting in situations where a non native defendants piled up repeated in multiple prior contacts with tribal police. so essentially, tribal police and courts were unable to do very much to stop need of perpetrators. and then federal and state courts also just failed to protect anita victims. and that's where we are today and, and issues we're facing today and, and how all of this mess has been created back after that. that's, that's part of the, the crisis here, right? i mean, on the one hand, you don't have jurisdiction in this area,

then you have the state and the federal police and in, in bodies that can intervene. but don't absolutely. in most cases on tribal lands, if a native woman is murdered, the federal government does have jurisdiction. so we're looking at the federal government and saying, why are you doing your job? you know, you took the jurisdiction away from us. so do something step in, you know, we have, we have native women like olivia alone, there is a great example because her brother for 9 months bang, the f b i to search for his a certain big. i mean, you know, he wasn't, he was on national tv. he was sending letters who was making phone calls and they did nothing. and they had jurisdiction. mary, catherine, you've said placing paternalistic restrictions on tribal courts and the name of due process is nothing more than a disguise for prejudice. what do you mean by that? sure, cuz i think, you know, you're right. a lot of folks will throw out this idea of, well, non indian defendants. their due process rights are not protected and travel court . the problem with a strong man argument is that the folks who say that actually can't point to

a single piece of evidence, shred of evidence, where a non indians rights have been violated. and that's the irony of these arguments. i'm not saying travel courts are perfect. if you look at state and federal courts, they're not perfect. and that's why i think it's based in on projects because, you know, i, for instance, and all the font when the supreme court in 1978 took away travel criminal jurisdiction over non indians. one of the things that chief rank west at the time said is, you know, we just, there's no way to think that a non indian is going to get a fair shake in travel court. well, wait a 2nd because that non indian is not a citizen of that tribe that non indian can't vote and that tribes elections. well, i'm not a citizen of the state of kansas, but if i walk into kansas and start murdering people, i don't get to have a constitutional right to avoid a criminal prosecution because of due process. i'm sorry, that's not how i be the cable for to exactly the kansas governor or pick who's on their supreme court. and one thing really quick about due process. there are due process protections in the violence against women act, you know,

right to counsel right? to notice right to file a heavy us and federal court, basically all the protections you would have in state court or federal court and still the conversation there are still people out there saying, well, we just don't think that due process rights are protected in travel court even though it's, it's in the law and no one can point to a shred of evidence that it hasn't been provided. and so i really do think we're talking about projects. let's say it was top of the balance against and act the renewal passed in the house of representatives in 2019 carry, but its languishing in the senate if passed in would expand tribal jurisdiction to include other offences like sexual assault, stocking, trafficking, and child abuse. what kind of difference would that make again on the ground, on a day to day level? yeah, i mean, it would make a huge difference. what we've heard from tribal leaders, judges, advocates since 2013 since certain tribes started exercising special jurisdiction under about 2013 is that although it's been really successful in protecting tribal

communities, from perpetrators who commit dating my violence or domestic violence. the narrow ness of jurisdiction under valez. her 3rd 2013 is a continual source of frustration. and that's because it creates those loopholes for offenders and leaves victims unprotected and it limits how effectively tribes can prosecute domestic violence of vendors for crimes that co occur with domestic violence. so enhancing you know, these provisions and expanding to travel jurisdiction will help to better protect travel communities surrounding communities. and ultimately hopefully we would see a decline in the rates of abuse of native women. we know that there is a long history of institutional racism against invasion as people in this country. the question that i want to get an answer from from you to, is sort of how we go about reversing that history. as a practical matter, what can we do and how do you specifically go about doing that work?

i've certainly may gather is a huge question. you know, and i think that there's and visibility right. it most people, if they know of a native woman, they know of halloween costume and that's it. we're starting to change that. you know, we've got our 1st native woman member of the cabinet, the secretary of interior dep holland. right? we've got native women in congress. we have a lot of work to do in the curriculum. in the united states, you know, most law schools don't teach all fine. right? so most law students who go to law schools don't study the supreme court decision. that is the reason why our native women faced the highest rates of domestic violence, sexual assault and homicide in the united states. america has started a lot about the kind of educational piece and the bit of the cultural peace care. what else can be done to undue this violence, this legacy of violence against indigenous people? well, 1st we need to adequately fund and provide resources to tribes. tribes are consistently set up to fail by this chronic under funding. so we need to ensure that tribes not

only have the authority, which is what we talked about, a little bit with vala, but also the resources to hold defenders accountable to provide culturally centered services to their community. to prove data collections that we really know the extent of the problem and can help identify more victims across jurisdictional lines. and so the sooner we give native people and that's especially need of victims and families of victims, a seat at the table in decision making. and i'm sure that they're part of these larger conversations the sooner we can come up with solutions that are actually tailored specifically to the needs of native nations, terry america. and thank you both so much for joining me in this conversation. i really appreciate everybody that is our show upfront. we'll be back next week the, the the

to the teams to wait for the 19 agent games is of the athletes from across asia, a gathering in china. supplies laid out for $481.00 gold medals. special coverage and analysis from $120.00 to $83.00 on the objective. okay. was so dante total focused on success that the top finding of the physical sports but free. so in your so mental well climbing legend,

alex 100 on how to be the best and make the world a better place. i think that there's more than enough for everybody to go around. it's more about equitably distributing what we have. you're trying to protect the environment, it starts by helping to make sure that people have everything they need generations, thoughts on, i'll just say around the the 10 venue. this is the news our life from the coming up in the program today. ukrainian, miss silas target russian controlled crimea. the day after the headquarters of moscow, blacks fleet was hit trucks loaded with humanitarian aid, are making their way to the corner carol, back comforter ceasefire between epic armenian fighters and azerbaijan. on june

the duty of humanity. that's the message from pope francis as he calls on europe.