when this happened, as far as i said, i'm going, i'm gonna save you the way that you tell the story is what can make a difference. the . ready ready hello, i'm emily. i'm going to have these are the headlines on al jazeera, a record number of my friends have crossing into the united states. 260000 arrived from mexico in september. they being sent to various states while their asylum claims are processed on hendrick has moved from chicago here in chicago. this is the end of a very long journey from migrants like these. most of them come from venezuela through the dairy and gap through mexico to the state of texas. and because the republican governor of texas greg have it doesn't want them there. he's ship them

away in plains and buses. $50000.00 of them so far. and 17000 have arrived here in the sanctuary city of chicago, in the american heartland, 2000 kilometers from the southern border of the us. they get off of the buses there and then they climb into those yellow buses and they are dispersed throughout the city of chicago, which is now coping with a migraine crisis. the shelters have been over run your pain laid is have wrapped up amazing in spain with focus was also on migration. poland and hungry rejected a joint statement as the meeting ref, wrapped up, they were supposed to plans to distribute my friends across you a states. the migration is important that we manage it. migration was always, there will always be there. the question is how we are managing it, s team year old. and there to do, i mentioned the one is the internal dimension. but as important as this internal

dimension is the external dimension of the external action that was brought support to date and the european council for this external i mention the principle is that you address the root causes for migration, and that you work along the whole migratory route and are about pace prize has been given to ronnie and women's rights activists now gives mohammed a tie. ron condemned to be award, is biased, them politically motivated. she's having a multiple sentences amounting to more than 30 years in prison. the community said my harmony was an inspiration, nationwide, spastic, which spots demonstrations by the death of martha, many and custody. now guess mohammed the is a woman, a human rights advocate and a freedom fighter in awarding. this is nobel peace prize.

then the wage and nobel committee wishes to all the courageous type for human rights freedom and democracy in iraq. a 10 year old boy has been killed in russian and strikes in the ukrainian city of cox eve. the regional governors said $23.00 others were injured when to michelle strong residential areas. ukraine says a most common we saw hit a village me by a day before killing 52 people. same as robbie is in hotels, which was targeted on thursday. or where's your, at the sides of that attacks? it killed dozens of people. the village of photos has a population of around 330 people. the level of death here means that a 6th of this village was wiped out in an instant. they were attending a memorial service for a soldier from this village who had died and was buried somewhere else being brought home that homecoming, turned into a massacre on

a massive scale. and we are here at the side of the missile. strikes are guided, russian is gone, their missile struck this location take here is intensifying it's offensive against cody said. forces in northern syria, take us as to find his have been killed, violence of slay adopt, or bowman and ankara on sunday. the technician government says the perpetrators came from syria. the syrian military citizens intercepted several drawings above the city of homes that fall as a drawn attack on a military academy in the city. on thursday, funerals had been held for 89 people who were killed. at least 6 people have been killed after a fire broke out in the 6th story residential building in india's financial and entertainment capital in combined. all right, those are the headlines. i'm emily angry and then use continues here on the algebra after the bottom line to stay with us. the

a. hi, i'm steve clements and i have a question. ukraine's leaders say they're confident of continued support for the war against russia, but our crack starting to show in the western front. let's get to the bottom line. the 19 months ago, americans from the right and the left were strongly committed to sending billions of dollars and really large stockpiles of weapons to help ukraine defend itself and inflict significant damage on russian forces. today that support is and so black and white liberal still generally argue that america should do what it takes to continue the war, at least until ukraine is in a decent position to negotiate. but on the right, we're starting to see signs of a slow down and support america. first politicians openly say enough is enough. and others one answers on where americans funding has been spent. so as for fatigue, setting it. and what does that mean for the future of ukraine?

is it time for the us and nato to look for different solutions to the conflict? today we're talking with jeffrey sachs, any economist who has a center for sustainable development at columbia university, and offer several books including a new foreign policy beyond american exceptionalism. dr. sex, thanks so much for joining us. you've been out there some very fascinating essays saying america needs to take a look at its role in the russia, ukraine conflict that this was not simply vladimir putin trying to. and as a landscape that there is much more to it. tell us what you would like our waters to know about the origins of this conflict. of the origins that go back 30 years to a plan by the united states to surround russia by nato countries, especially in the black sea region already is big brzezinski, spelled this out in an article in

a foreign affairs magazine in 1997. and in his book, the global chess board, i'm spelling out why ukraine was so central to the american strategy to reduce or, and russia as a great power. i. the idea was that if nato would expand to, all of the countries of the black sea surrounding bra showed that means to ukraine . romania, bulgaria, turkey, already a member and georgia that russia would no longer be able to project power in the eastern mediterranean or the middle east. so this was the goal and do it in 2004. i made on expanded to romania and bulgaria, and in 2008 at the bluegrass nato summit. bush, i pushed against your p and opposition for nato to declare that it would

enlarge to include ukraine and georgia. russia. that is, russian leaders across the board said repeatedly, this is a red line, do not cross it. we have a 2300 kilometer border with ukraine. you made a must not attempt to enter ukraine. that would be a direct threat to our national security. there was an even broader context with steve, which is that the united states was placing missiles or around your the after having unilaterally abandoned the anti ballistic missile treaty in 2002, the united states had the bomb good for 78 straight days. russia's ally l grade, and that was a, actually a nato bombing for $78.00 days. to break serbia

a part i which it did. and then the us, unilaterally recognized i kosovo after that nato bombing. the usaa ed unilaterally gone to war, i with a rock in 2003 over the strong objections of the un security council. the us had i covertly, but quite evidently tried to over throw bashar, all aside in serious starting in 2011. the u. s. a. n nato. quite explicitly, a bomb libby, a to over throw russian ally moammar gadhafi. and the united states conspired to violently over throw ukraine's president victory on a co bitch in february 2014. incidentally, these are all basic points,

easily known. and if we're, the us, main stream media has gone out of its way to create a kind of amnesia right in the united states. the worst of all of this is the new york times, i'm sorry to say, won't tell a readers, any of the truth. any of the background of this. what's interesting is that the nato secretary general, yes, don't burg actually spelled it out. i think kind of inadvertently brag well, i want to, you know, i want to read paraphrase because we're gonna, we're going to have against oldenburg. uh, let me bring him in. right now. preston tooth in sick slid in the autumn of 2021. an x is sent, that's a draw last treat that they want to naples. assign him to promise no more. nathan argument, he went through the war to prevent a need to one a, to the closest borders. he has. he has got the exact opposite is good morning,

8 the presence in the eastern part of the lines on. he has also a seeing that the feed them has all of the joining the alliance. and sweden will soon be a full member. so what i'm hearing from both you and your surprising ally in this perspective is that there was a lot of awareness about the action and reaction that basically creating an opening that door and then solidifying it for ukraine to join nato was going to precipitate a war with russia and beyond that, as you just said, was big. the brzezinski, former national security adviser to president carter. then you said this was the plan all along. it was the plan and the fact that this would lead to war was understood by american diplomats. it was warned by the b u. s. in bassett, or to russia in 2008 and on other than william burns. currently r c. i a director who sent

a famous memo from moscow to conduct. lisa rice, entitled me at means meet at no means no, and he was explaining, it's not just poor. it's across the entire russian political class, the complete servant opposition to america, expanding nato to ukraine. this was clearly understood then victoria knew would then be assistant secretary of state for european affairs. now the deputy secretary of state in 2014. and it was in january actually weeks before the violent overthrow was caught on tape. presumably by the russians. guy planning the post got a co which government wouldn't replace the government, but it did. she spelled out exactly who would become the next prime minister. no,

this is a standard us regime change operation. well, let me ask you that or just let me ask you jeff. when, when bill burns, then add bass reduce to russia of united states. now c, i a director wrote that memo. i read that memo and that memo spelled it out very quickly. a said this would be a neurological issue. never. it's hard to forget that kind of language and neurology issue for the russians. if you grand were to join nato and around that same time someone you and i both know richard hoss was also working for that bush administration as a director, policy planning and had written a white map paper. basically saying that if we didn't find a way, somehow to get russia into nato as a member, we would inevitably end up with an us versus them dynamic. and it was really important that if you were going to neutralize the classic tension between europe and russia, that you had to find a pathway for inclusion. for russia. the past has told me that that was ignored.

but what was going on inside the administration, because not every one was on board with the so called plan that you've laid out as well. from the beginning, there were very strong voices of opposition to the nato enlargement. uh, it goes back to, of course, to george kennedy himself, in 1997 who was our senior statesman historian, author of the containment policies who said, very explicitly, this is the worst imaginable policy to proceed with nato enlargement. and at the time he wasn't even talking about to ukraine, he was talking about in general it. in fact, in the mid 19 ninety's clinton's own secretary of defense, bill perry thought about resigning in protest. because albright and holbrook were pushing nato enlargement to be thought it was reckless to do this object map lock,

who was a, the, us, and bassett or to the soviet union at the end of the soviet union said this is absolutely the wrong thing to do this will recreate the dangers of confrontation with russia. right. so this wasn't the secret, but these are the neo cons i. this is victoria new legs, the one protestant and all of best buy. and she was, cheney is deputies a security advisor. then she was bush's in bassett, or to nato in 2008, that she quickly became hillary clinton spokesperson. then she became the assistant secretary of state during the overthrow of john a colbert. now she is biden's deputy secretary of state. she's been both parties because she's always there, this is the neo cons, and they have fought their way through and they have created an absolute disaster 1st and foremost for ukraine, right?

trapped to print. so predictably, i wrote at the beginning of all of this and took in 2022, not the very beginning, but at the beginning of this special now latoria operations that this is yet another neil con debacle. and this is exactly as it's turned out. we're given where we are now. we interviewed a former secretary of defense, chuck kagle, who's normally in the realist camp on issues. and he said this has now become a defining issue for the united states. and it's, and the impression of its power in the world that america can not stand down. he was critical of joe biden for going as slow as biden's team has gone and said it's just too significant. and on top of that, as nato has grown with many of the nato members, he said, you know, if you look at it, he would predict that russia might, had been much more uh hungry for some of these other countries. had nato not expanded to them. and i think it's stolen, bird just said, half of nato is now many of these other nato members that have joined since 1992.

so what do you do with the argument that given where we are now, that this is now perceived to be a conflict that the united states can not back out? well, that's what has said that been said about every disaster that the united states has been involved in from vietnam and the domino theory on word. and all of that is just a prelude to nuclear war. they want to put it that way. we have to stop the stupidity of the united states, but got us into this mess. this is a war that the united states created pro vote a fight over throwing down a cove, which bite is nato enlargement policy. and now we have to say, look, we stop roches, gotta stop, we need to find peace before the world is destroyed in this process. so i don't buy it at all. what hazel said, that's ridiculous when you've made

a terrible blunder. light is, you don't stake everything on doubling down on the blunder. you solve the problem and we can solve the problem by sorting this thing out properly. and the way to sort this thing out properly is to end nato enlargement as part of a piece arrangement. in which the war stops in which you crane is secured, but it's going to be in adjusted boundaries at this point that is clear. and nato stops in leveraging. and i'm this question of the boundaries. let's remember that the united states backs boundary changes when it feels like it. so it'd be united states felt like it when they bombed serbia for $78.00 straight days to create kosovo, which the united states unilaterally recognized in 2008. that border change was

fine, because the united states decided, in fact, was made on bombing of serbia for 78 straight days. then the united states just thought it was just fine to change the borders of sudan. i backing this out to these insurgency and then quickly declaring a recognition of south sudan. so the idea that borders are sacrosanct that nothing can be changed. that's an american bluff. also. we change the borders when we want, but no other borders can be changed. no, this is not how the world's going to work. in reality, the united states had its chance to protect ukraine in its 1991 borders. it had complete chance for that before february 2014. it should not have conspired to over throw ukraine's president because was at that point that i russia re, to a crime me

a because russia did not want salva stobel. it's naval base. it's 1783 following to nato pads. and the united states provoke that, but even then the rush, it did not say we'd take the don't boss. not at all what russia said, use the don't boss should have autonomy as per the minutes to agreements. now, minutes to was not only guaranteed by in france and germany in the so called normandy arrangement, it was backed 15 to nothing by the un security council. and the whole told ukraine not, you don't have to follow through that would be us the united states. and so instead of compromising and having the don't boss gain some autonomy, the united states said no, you remain a centralized ukrainian state. we have your back ex,

some back. now russia is creating such losses of ukraine on the battlefield, that as we debate among ourselves, russia is likely to have a major offensive operation making so much of this moved, even in the next few weeks. you know, one of the people i spoke to in the past due up was andre cartoon off in mosque out the director general of the i think it russian institute for the national affairs. and, and he said from his perspective that he saw this conflict as one of the ongoing historic aftershocks of really the fall of the soviet union and the end of the cold war, the, the soviet empire. any also saw america's behavior as being driven by a kind of memory of neo imperial pretensions, if you will. and basically said, we've got to sagging empires that don't know how to deal with this. and i said,

well, where's china all this? you know, basically said, china is enjoying watching both of these rivals, go out it. how do you see china at this moment? what lessons is it drawing from this conflict? and is it benefiting from sitting back and watching russia and the united states and their and their supporters exhaust each other as well? the united states policy is done. one thing gets big brzezinski said was on thinkable that you know, he just thought it would be. so ridiculous of american policy that he thought it really couldn't ever happen, and that's for the united states to drive russia and china together has a deep partners. that's precisely what the united states has done. and it's daunted by going after russia with the nato enlargement and at the same time going after china, especially in economic warfare. and i visa

v taiwan. so guy, china is not sitting back in enjoying this. china is feeling a tremendous pressure from the united states, which is basically stop. i the put a, a wall on exports from china to the united states. now, time is exports are down. 20 percent euro per year. 2022 in 2023. i. china has been cut off from technology 5 be united states and the united states is now unilaterally arming taiwan not as in the past, by the way, with taiwan buying a us weapons, but by the president signing orders. to give tie one weapons under a theory that we're going to may tie one a so called porcupine filled with weaponry. that would deter a chinese attack. it will do precisely the opposite. it's the same dynamic that

lead ukraine to disaster. so right kind is not sitting back and enjoying this, but china and russia are seeing that the united states is pushing for it's hedge, a monic status in an era that is where us as a gemini, is completely anachronistic. it was never very sensible as an idea, but in 2023. it's so out of date. but the neo cons, they don't get the calendar, right. they just keep pushing. they declare openly that russia and china are the enemy. it's driven the 2 of them together, and this makes this situation all the more dangerous. well, let me ask you now question about the american political scene and all of this because we've just seen the ukraine funding stripped out a of a funding continuing resolution bill. i don't want to lose our viewers in the weeds on this, but nonetheless, ukraine funding was a very hot item this week and discussed. and as we know,

going towards the 2024 presidential election that ukraine and american support for ukraine. and i have to say, i've been amazed by how resilient ukraine was. i was, you know, it's been, it's been interesting to watch this, but you can see how it's becoming more and more of a political football between both sides as they begin to struggle. and there is getting there, there is, um, you know, basically measurable decline and republican support for ukraine. so as you sort of look at this and, and look at joe biden saying, we will be there as long as it takes and you see others saying, we can't get a bill through congress right now with ukraine funding. what is the scenario you see coming in and this week this is we to a sensible outcome or a tragic train wreck. so we're, we're at the end of the, any large scale support data from the united states for ukraine. i think that that

is smart except that date it should be combined with real negotiations between the us and russia and ukraine on new security arrangements. so guy, i think that this war should end through the goal. she ations not through this continued the flood of money. the money is drying up because the american people are against it strongly in the republican party, but also the democrat of grass roots is not for this either. so the politicians in washington in the white house expects to get its way, but no, you know what the voice of the people are is actually being heard right now. and it will be heard more and more as we entered the presidential election campaign. but it's not only the united states all through western europe. the leaders are deeply unpopular because of the effects of this war. they don't buy it. and slovakia just

elected a government big campaign precisely. i'm stopping any more aid for ukraine. poet which was the great backer of ukraine, is not even not speaking terms. government the government right now hungry has been long set against this. we're seeing that none of this make sense, especially with ukraine having been ever stated on the battlefield. this summer, the counter offensive. a complete tragedy. a massacre except if you happen to receive the dish or types are the main stream media. but if you really follow the facts on the ground, this has been horrible. and all through western europe and the american i seen there is a call for something different at the something different should be

a negotiated piece. fascinating discussion. columbia university professor jeffrey sachs. thanks so much for your candor. and for joining us today. great to be with you, steve. really appreciate it. so what's the bottom line? there's just no doubt about it. us age, ukraine has become a political football. it's still flowing, but thanks for getting murkier as we get closer and closer to election day, washington has 3 options. as i see it one, it could pull back, which will accelerate a very different world order with the us. perhaps less central or 2. it could push for and negotiated into the conflict in a way that doesn't result in a collapse of confidence in america, stops the blood shed and assures ukraine its sovereignty in a sustainable arrangement or 3 vitamin ukraine. supporters keep pumping money and arms end of the war, hoping rushes operation collapses before renegade republicans cut off those dollars . but right now, we're closer to the scenario of slash funding and military 50,

then negotiations, and deal making. and that's the bottom line, the on counting the costs to you. k. conservatives want to win back photos, but we might need to make plans convince the purchased people. we have the turkish treatment as to why his nation is shifting his mother policy. plus, we explore the decline of post pandemic with edge travel, counting the cost on that, which is 0. 2, the teams to a 13 years out of the sewing. all just the real world tells the 2 part story norwegian and the oldest little call. let us to lose the government of norway

warrants, remarkable role in nurturing this again, the secret negotiations and why it's promising peace as remain unfulfilled is strong decided the terms of the negotiations. nobody could finish those back or go home detroit. so also on, i'll just leave the hello, i'm emily, angling into how these are the top stories on al jazeera, a record number of migrants of crossing into the united states. 260000 arrived from mexico in september. it being sent to various states while they're assigned claims, processed john a 100 and has moved from chicago here in chicago. this is the end of a very.