really here, and he just can't be what the, the this is, i'll just say era. and these i a top stories. the new administration in syria says it's working to restore order and services. also the ousting of the asset regime, banks, ministries and public services role reopening, now the newly appointed prime minister mohammed the she has house. i'll just, sarah, is the meeting with members the transitional government, the judge. today we had a meeting for the cabinet and we invited members from the old government and some directors from the administration and implemented surrounding areas in order to

facilitate all the necessary works for the next 2 months until we have a constitutional system to be able to serve the syrian people today we had other meetings to restart the institutions to be able to serve out people in syria. so thought about has more from damascus now. and let me talk to city is here in damascus. there. well, come in this news, but this is something quite new for that. so they have seen the regime of a sub dynasty for more than 50 years and the boss for the team for more than 60 years. so now that there is a new government in the country is quite something new, something almost unimaginable for them. they have, they have almost lost, lost the faith that these days will come. and many syrians, when we arrived in damascus, they were asking us whether really a specialist that is gone, whether really the dynasty, the regime has full and has collapsed. and they were asking whether really they're

going to come back or not. again, they weren't even quite concerned or speaking to media. but now we're seeing that moody is the kids changing. gradually they're feeling more comfortable to express themselves. so in general, they are quite excited about coming these needs. so as well as denying reports, it's false is of advanced further into siri entire tree that follows an incursion by its troops on sunday, into a buffer zone next to the occupied golden heights symbol swaby as mall from the lebanon syria border over the weekend is rarely troops moved into this buffer zones, taking over those areas where they say syrian troops were no longer occupying, check posts, and they went ahead and move their troops and on the orders of the government of prime minister benjamin as in yeah, one orders of the defense minister and they say they did this specifically with a view to safe guarding. israel borders,

playing the same card as real always does playing the card of self defense. but what this does is effectively violate a decades long agreement for a cessation of hostilities between syria and israel. and they say this is temporary, but what we've been hearing from a lot of experts in that analyst is that to mention wisdom dictates that anything that serious says about temporarily moving into an area is not always the case with israel's critics are saying, including members of the arrow countries in the region, several senior air leaders as well as others critics of syria of excuse me, of israel, have said that what is happening here is, is really using this instability and syria using this as an opportunity to effectively terry out another land crap to israel is will on gauze, and now palestinians, there has been on the constant tank for $430.00 days in the besieged north of the strip is where the wall plains have renewed the bombardment. the focusing on

the area around come out of the old one hospital. people are unable to get food will to medicine or even medical treatment because of in his right. the blockade. that's last of now more than 2 months. the main lot is why the prime minister been, you mean nothing now is a paid in full to testifying is corruption trial, the faces charges of fraud, breach of trust, and accepting bribes, taken back to 2019 he's pleaded not guilty present in president louise and i saluted the silvers on the go on surgery for a brain hemorrhage. doctor's treating him at a hospital in south policy. he's recovering. well, it does say a headlines now. oh, it's a folly and james for the know about interview, and i'll just hear a special live from oslo. v all the

few remaining people who lived through a nuclear war and they've just been awarded the nobel peace prize. what has the world learned? the lessons of the catastrophic events of 1945. and how worried should we be about another nuclear war? new threats from russia and north korea, an unpredictable donald trump heading back to the white house. god last dawn and you create the world is on average. weapons that exist to be used the risk of nuclear is at its highest since the cold with a lot of them have said a lot of survive, but after survive me, i'm calling the world back from good thing. that's why this is nobel peace prize is gone to meet home. he died

a grocery and microsoft piece of nuclear weapons and humanity cannot coverage. so it's almost a to you since the us dropped 2 atomic bombs on japan. the 1st time the weapons have been used in the supply, those shows that no dedicated their lives to impressing on the world wide nuclear weapons should never be used again. and with the nuclear tab on the move pressure than ever keeping alive the horrors of nuclear war has never been so important. so you do the vocal, my license to be living house. i don't want anyone else to experience such how of the

interview and i'll do 0 special line for balls low. i'm james base and i'm fully by people right here at all is no city whole. just a few hours ago, the hall and he killed the japanese group of atomic bombs. survivors receive the 2024 nobel peace prize over the next. now will be speaking to 2 of the groups coach is about their experience and the efforts to rid the world of life with nuclear weapons. and we will also be hearing from some of the world's top experts on nuclear security about the threats we face today. at a time of heightened global pensions. so how worried are you about the threat of nuclear will affect nuclear weapons. we got a pole up and running on the x, and we'd like you to take part in that pole. use the hash tag, a j no bell. she gave me to tanika. so she,

you gave me my key. congratulations on winning the nobel peace prize. the basically when i spoke with you, how important is this award to you to your work until your mission? yes i started off or i 75, you got this thing and all about pre to assess is that he should have gone before us within so much suffering doing all that they can in order to eradicate nuclear weapons from this well to job foraging. the pod forward and we have followed in their footsteps. all of our seniors who have gone to us, no, not receiving the nobel peace prize. i'm thinking of all the coupon for us. i want to express delta dental. i am to them. and this by is, is for all of the survivors,

all he, microsoft, me so me my key. what was your reaction when you heard the news? your 1st thoughts when you heard that in the hall, and he thought you had been awarded the nobel peace prize? well, the publisher, i know i was at the time of the 2000 and the thought 20 whole 11th of october, 2024. i was in the he rushing my c t o at the time watching the announcement. and i always expecting that the prize, the sierra would go to people working for peace in gaza. and expecting that i heard the words of the committee chair saying to me, home something that i couldn't really hear very well what he said at 1st. but then all of the time said it's neon. he's on your when i heard this i was just, oh, shop is a surprise. i was just overwhelmed. yeah. problem. so you know, so our, but that doesn't offend, you know, not all of those who have gone before us or the other survivors have passed away

the past that they have followed this as a result of all of their work. yeah, we saw your reaction in the motion and we did indeed hear you say that you saw that the people working in guys i deserved this nobel peace prize and you compared the situation of children in gaza today to the situation in japan. in 1945, after hiroshima and nagasaki. i'm curious to know what lessons do you think, you know, from hiroshima and nagasaki are relevant to today's conflicts, including the war on guys are right now. you know, the scottish or the then when we have the stretch of nuclear weapons potentially being used in their weapons, which could be launched at any time around the world even on gaza to think how, what we can do to stop the center stuff or as well the nobel peace prize is something that we have we receiving this. we feel that this is our mission. seeing that what we can do to prevent, to put the brakes on ensuring that nuclear weapons whenever be used again to mr. to

knock a, it's almost a 2 years since the bombs were dropped omega saki and to russia. why do you think it's been taken so long for the survivors? the hip gotcha. to be recognized on the global stage, like this kind of what to expect to know our activities work until now is very, it doesn't stand out so much. it's just little by little things that doesn't really maybe put enough so much attention to as just doing what we can day by day. it's very grassroots movement that we're continuing to do. but i think this has little by little spread around the world. and finally, our assets, 3 ology of what we experience with the atomic bombs knowing that nuclear weapons are weapons which is so in humane. it's finally being understood by more people around the world. and also looking at the international political situation today

in ukraine, in gaza. good guy, looking at the threats of nuclear weapons potentially being used once again this risk. now this risk is higher then it has ever been before. we really had a very urgent time now. and so within such a situation, we feel that our efforts working to call for the evolution of nuclear weapons are appeal, has now been heard being recognized and done. so now on the home he don't to give it up, i'm receiving. well, i think this is why they decided that it was time that organization should receive the but the piece price. gentleman let's pull is that for a moment and remind ourselves of the enormity of what we're talking about from the okay. the quote number, look instead of the lighting stuff. it was 1945 even for the final year with world war 2. and japan refused to surrender. early on august, the 6th,

the us dropped to the uranium bomb on hiroshima, followed 3 days later by lodge up plutonium bomb omega sauce. minimize the cost that you got that you know, got nomic. all right, so in, in, until you go into the wind, it will say that the present or not on this, the allies achieve that a japan surrendered. but the impact was catastrophic. i'd gotten a quote together with, you know, they got it rather than not the or she normally they say well so, so that has to don't, i mean it should, i'm not fixed on this at all. so they also do a lot closer to $110.00 book of but, but on said the day in a rush, i'm at the bloss killed and destroyed almost everything within a 2 kilometer radius. by the end of the year, more than a $140000.00 people have died that and at least $70000.00. in that guess ocoee

what i'm going back to it that's good to go to where they can now cost up. but for me. so the mother size, so no record on i taught me this week to do a long take cost. i knew that i'm all caught up with a quarter of that that on it. cool. no one yet. the above. so there was, i get the addresses that you me to use, what happened was concealed, suffering increased rates of leukemia and cancer. the survivors were ostracized, for fear of being contagious. many took their own lives. in the dining dining, we should at least have said that lead local head back should associations to form the home, the down co in 1956 to not be for better support for the survivors, abolition of nuclear weapons for it. despite the painful members that are back, she would call us leave a decade enough testing, addressing international conferences. i'm telling this story to younger generations in japan and around the world. how much does the sale

that are, you know, going to stop a lot, a miss tammy? my key, it was the 6th of august, 1945815 in the morning. and you were just for years old. when the bomb was dropped on hiroshima, what do you remember from that day? what did you see? or does he know what to do or die? a father had been working for the railroads at the time in the city of a rushing mom. he rushed him. so he does. the guard was under the bottom directly. then we had been living a little way away from the city and it was the next day that we went into the center to try and see what happened to him. so well, i wasn't directly under the bomb on that day. the next day we went in and were exposed to the radiation, then we couldn't find our father for 3 days and, but we continued to try and look for him, but couldn't tell anywhere where he was the whole city and it was completely gone. it had been such a beautiful city, but everything was disappeared. there were courses everywhere throughout the ground

throughout the city. it was, as you're walking through, you saw flies maggots. this perfect situation, which we never even imagined, something the scenes that you'd never seen before, could never even imagine. and so i remember how fearful that scene was mister tanaka. 3 days later. now the bomb was dropped on like a saki. you would just 4 years old at the time. can i ask you what you remember what you remember of the weeks that followed? i want to show i was the time for years. oh, okay. the and we were around 6 kilometers away from the hypo center. and that time we had been having a large cleaning, spring cleaning, and together with my grand parents and also as we were playing under some preliminary. and as i keep them there playing this chain, i was trying to look and seek for that for me because i could hear the sound in the

sky. and as i looked towards the center of the city of nagasaki, all of a sudden there was intense white light. and just a few seconds later, we heard the sound of the explosion and the blast of the wind to the socket came towards us. there was a glass in our home was completely destroyed, the doors were blown and through the house somehow, miraculously, we were able to, the 6 members of our family were able to survive your father through the orders of the military, went into support the relief efforts in the centre of nagasaki after that's hard to and then my mother, older brother and younger brother as well. we're close to the hypo center, so i'm aware or looking for what had happened to my mother's friends who were living very close. so they were exposed to the radiation when they were seeking their friends to find out what happened when the 3 came back home as well. they were completely impacted by this. my mother. he had many who didn't flies and so on

. also, the wounds became c pong and where did not fix. they were not the relief for 6 months after that then also had impact to the internal organs due to the impact of the radiation. you have somebody to show us on this session. your photograph, please look at this. go to uh box. this is the height center close to that area. this is a photograph of 4 films, 2 days before on august, 7th, in nagasaki. by the us military, you can see each of these every homes. however, after the all of these homes we should be in, in this area, the corner, we only became like this. not immersed there was nothing left, not a single house. we can see its own destroyed if it jack in. we'll have all of them . it was his mother and child remains. who that this also through the last couple

were buried under their homes within this photograph. so many people, even if they survived right away, they were then buried underground and died in this way. this is what is under the scenes in a photograph. so did you consider yourself looked at those or full pictures? did you consider yourself lucky to survive? is that how you felt? mano to go because there was so much of a distance to our home. somehow i was able to survive without injury at the time. i'm lazy somehow ever. after that our lives were merry, challenging, there was nothing to eat. there was nothing to wear and all your engine den die. o stephanie's people, even before that had been suffering from malnutrition. but we suffered greatly after the bombing to sold so many of the survivors, mr. maki, they was the guilt of having survived. but there was also the stigma and in japan,

many the bunk shots face discrimination in the years that followed the bomb. how big of a difference has me, hon. he'd done kill me in lessening that stigma that say he box joe's face and i've got a question here from one of the audience that's come to us from instagram. this is from of announcement judah, who asks, how do the personal experiences all of the survivors? she's policy and also public opinion. yes. about well so right core one is in the budget at the time when i was in the 5th year of elementary school, i became very ill and i had to be away from school for 4 months. and everybody expected that i would die, that i wouldn't survive, that there was some new medicine which would be imported from the united states. and so i had some injections and was somehow able to become better from them and able to graduate from electric elementary school. after that however,

all of our neighbors looked and they said, well, he's ill, he's weak, he will never arrived. so when i went to get married, because i didn't actually marry someone from within hardship hiroshima because we were fearful of what would happen to our children, what kind of impacts there might be. so many people were concerned about this. so i actually didn't marry someone from the same direction my marriage, someone from chicago, a different part of japan. we were so fearful about what would happen for you. and so these kind of situation discrimination, prejudice continues this. i my so. ringback we, we did what we can to raise our children to live, just did everything i could just even to, to survive and have a regular life after that. and it was after my children became old enough that i started very seriously to become involved in the beast movements. but from the time when i was very young and i was always, you know, i was working as a head of the g a in the school or also, you know, i was always saying, you know,

many things in terms of also i was working in the town association and so and finally became a involved in peace activism after many years. but just as a now savoy who was one of the greatest as the leaders of the 2 buckets of movement . i followed his footsteps and finishing the work until today. but when i remember it's because of all of the people from here are some who went before us, their activities that led us to receive the a surprise today after i go home, i hope to go to the peace park and report this to them. yeah. and so how do you think your experience, i survive as shakes, policy within japan, but also internationally? how did it influence international policy? oh that's, that's a for us. we are often in somewhat opposition to the japanese government because dependents relying on dependents on the us nuclear umbrella. the treaty on

the prohibition of nuclear weapons was recently adopted by the u. n. and the 2nd meeting of states parties took place last year. i have attended these as well, but japan doesn't even attend these meetings. it doesn't even come as an observer. germany or other countries do attend this as an observer, but why the japanese government wouldn't even go to the meetings the next meeting of the state parties in march. i really hope that the japanese government will this time attend, at least as an observer. we continued to appeal strongly to the japanese government for this and we hope to hear your appeal, mister tanaka, what personal stories from your experience i survive is do you think i'm most important for the world to here today? or what to expect in or just us our experience as a he focused on what we went through. but no, you will not want people around the world no matter what country they're in. this is something that no one must ever be allowed to experience again,

this is why we are continuing our movements and especially with prospects for us more we in another 10 years, 15 years there will be none of us left record. and so thinking about this world with no, he left still alive. what kind of movement should continue after this type? thanks. talk what our experience, how young people can for future generations as well take on our message, go to take on the button that we are passing to them and ensure that we can read the world, both of nuclear weapons and of war. this is a kind of what will that i hope that they will work towards. but is it also painful for you to keep talking about this to keep talking about what you went through when the experience of surviving nuclear bonds height. yeah, no professional for all my grandchild. also after they were born, 3 days later actually passed away even just as

a child. and this was also due to impacts on the internal organs at the time. it says impacting and their outlines were not able to grow properly. there was impact on their diet dryer from as well. and their temperature, their body temperature fell to 30. and when i held my grandchild this baby, i knew that well, what we went through, it had been passed on even to these future generations as the way up to 3 days. and so looking at what this means because of this, my daughter went on on the divorce and had such sadness following as well. a whole family has been impacted for generations. gentleman, as we said at the beginning of the program, you're not just going to get questions from me and from ali, we've got an audience here and they want to speak to you as well. so we're going to take some questions from our audience. we've also got top nuclear experts and international officials here we're gonna be hearing from in a moment as well. but let's start with the 1st question we have from an audience

ma'am, but can i have your name and your question please? yes, to the lawrence. yes. hi, i'm alma and my question is that the us, the he, he bunker shall die out who's going to take over your important task? missed them. i'm asking if you could take that question 5, so he bought kotia to die out. she sighs. once your voice is gone, who will take over the important task of relay your message? to the email in he wrote him a check so that he bought the city has actually started a system for people who are passing on the testimonies of the day back a so. so we tell our stories to young people, they take on our stories, and then instead of me, they share my story. my testimony on behalf is that the system that the city has developed. and so after we have all passed away after there is no more he focus of

the issues of nuclear weapons and of war and peace as well. this is something that we hope that young people will take on this message that they will continue to talk about this as well. so this is one step of the hear. some of the city has started to go through as well as that. it is the young people, what they can do to say that well, nuclear weapons, we cannot allow them. and so i hope that they will become involved in the work as well. and he rushed him up. there is a piece park which is visited by many people from around the world as well. and so i hope that through this opportunity, many more people from different countries will also come to, he rushed to my room visits. look in the museum, you will see what happens to all of the young boys and girls in hiroshima, at the time you can see their clothing which is reimbursed, burned away. but these, they were never able to grow up to see television to ride on a bullet train. they were their lives were taken away when they were so small. so this is what happens when you're weapon to use. so hot that young people will learn about this reality and help to create

a world where nuclear weapons will never be used as well again. and it is of course, states which wage war, but it is citizens who are sacrificing particularly children who are impacted. indeed, well, i missed, i mean i came into tanaka, let's look at the car and threats today. 7 years ago, it was icon the international campaign to abolish nuclear weapons, collecting the nobel peace prize after the adoption of a global treaty to back on nuclear weapons. 94 countries have now signed up, but has it had an impact on global stop? 5, take a look. they are currently estimated to be more than $12000.00 nuclear warheads in the world. the number has been declining as the us and russia dismantle re tied warheads. but between them they still possess 88 percent of nuclear weapons which they are replacing. and modernizing last year, the 9 nuclear on stage spent $91400000000.00 and they are snows. that's

$10800000000.00 more than the year before and almost $3000.00 a 2nd. the us accounted for 80 percent of the rise spending $51500000000.00. in the last 7 years, russia has gone from 7000 nuclear weapons to 5580 china as dramatically increase it. stop bio is estimated to uh, 500 weapons up from 270 in 70 is why north korea is thought to have gone from 10 to 50 nuclear warheads. israel has not for many of knowledge as nuclear program, but it is estimated to have 90 warheads a while. as you heard that back in 2017, it was the campaign organization. all you can, the won the nobel peace prize, and the issue in this a pock is the executive director of icons with me now. melissa and given that success back then how much of the foundation of that and foundation for all of your

work is the work of these people. well, the testimonies, the courage of the head blocker shop to really that childhood trauma again and again to tell those stories again and again has been absolutely critical to changing the narrative around nuclear weapons. for decades the narrative was controlled primarily by those who have nuclear weapons and the message was a nuclear weapons provide stability and security. well, a series of humanitarian initiatives, beginning here in norway in 2015, change the conversation by focusing the conversation stayed on what would happen if or more likely, when nuclear weapons are ever used. and they highlighted the real security impact of nuclear weapons by looking at the incontrovertible evidence from hiroshima and

nagasaki. and from the move in 2000 nuclear weapons, tests that have been carried out around the willows, that nuclear weapons cause indiscriminate, catastrophic calm to humans. and the environment across long periods of time, and across vast distances. and these conversations empowered and enables a broad range of stakeholders to stand up and demand a policy shift, including countries from the global south that have been traditionally modularized . this debate communities impacting vanya clean weapons use and testing civil society, academics, and so on, to uh, to demand that shift and stay there by the you enjoyed the, on the prohibition of nuclear weapons came into being with the support of $122.00 countries. and yes, you've slowly been gathering support for that, tracy since, but at the same time, nuclear attention around the world seems to be growing. how are we going forward or

backwards? how do you judge things right now? well yes, we are in the times of great tension and mistrust, and we are at a crossroads. humanity is that across roads? do we continue to take this path of confrontation, militarization and proliferation? or do we take a different pos and that is of dialogue to solomon's diplomacy into solomon, which is really provided through the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons. this is an important advance in international law and multilateralism at a time when we're seeing those things increasingly on the threats. and, you know, the dinosaurs did not have the option of avoiding the asteroid that made some extent. we actually have a choice here. we can choose to eliminate nuclear weapons which are an essential traits. so, and there's the ortho, you've, oh,

no hurry. he talks about the pow wow or human imagination to redirect out ingenuity from self destruction, to self creation. and this is what we're doing with the tape in w, we're redirecting a ingenuity to re imagine pace and to feel the new world a new feature that respects the sun each other without nuclear weapons. and that this a pocket by can thank you very much. indeed, is to tanaka. we've heard switches from a number of leaders who fly to see you today. the most. with regards to starting a nuclear war, came john cole, donald trump, for vladimir, for the so months cut off for each of

these and source, the leaders, not a are you need to there. and i don't think they're really thinking about what it means to wage war upon people watch these impacts actually are. if people kind of enter into dialogue together, enter into a diplomacy. i think that they can come to more of an understanding. we need to put the weapons down, i just call on them to talk to each other, even more as a started to talk to enter into dialogue even one day earlier, this is what is most important and so forth. so if flores are being waged, my particular weapons grow, they are used, but this could happen again in the future. this must not be allowed to happen. we must avoid this at all costs. mister me, mackey. do you think this is the most dangerous moment? we faced in the law say to us what you don't want that. yes, i do think so. of course, cutting the talk,

we've got no nuclear weapons with for example, dropped on a country in europe. of course, it's not limited to, i mean that country the whole of europe will be impacted by the radiation. it would be used incredible impact. and also today it will have to do when we look at the treaty on the probation of nuclear weapons. there's also is no comments or from the united nations who has played a great role towards this nuclear band treaty lots nuclear weapons if we work towards. so you both the illumination of nuclear weapons and to the permanent peace . i think leaders of the world need to think about these once again, calling them to do so. okay, well we've just heard about the strengths around the world and we've heard that searing testimony from laureate i'm joined by raphael grossey, who's the director general of the international atomic energy agency. now, how worried should we be? you're dealing with things like iran, where enrichment is going up, close to weapons grade. you're dealing with north korea where you don't really know what's going on. i told you, you always should be very worried. yeah,

we should. i think of course, that testimony of the course is from the mental as a more of a compelling message. we the have the more modest but in the cleveland society, the job to take care of the world as it is um, and we are living in a world of an almost complexity where unfortunately the attraction of nuclear weapons east, not diminishing it, is increasing the numbers of nuclear weapons are increasing at the same time. what we tried to do from the is to make sure that the no, no more countries get into this list of the ones that were mentioned before. and that we can all fucked at. i've been use concrete measures to avoid that from happening. you mention north korea country that was in the process of negotiation to try to avoid that red line to be crossed. we failed and we faced

the collectively because that's happened. we are doing exactly the same with the ram now and is the problem is the onset because there was some, is really ministers. there are some close to donald trump will assume be the us present to say the officer is the palm iran nuclear program. what would that do? so to lead diplomacy, ease the answer is the only answer on the basis of technically sound ways to get to results without knowing that there are tensions out there the other way. well, we've seen what may happen on the buck boucher, i here to remind us of what the consequences of ignoring the various of the use of nuclear weapons would be. but that requires painstaking work. results are not easy to, to, to achieve, to be achieved modesty but to persevere. so this is what we do. now, you being 10 times i think, to ukraine, since the more stuff is the in ukraine. however,

the all you about that and also about as a result of a rising rhetoric that we're hearing some of these threats we're hearing will fails, threats coming from moscow. but the spot is, but he's part of the same, is, is a world which is more and more fragmented. we have to recognize that this is the case. and of course we, this presentation comes tension and having nuclear weapons around make them needs to be a possibility as to mentor. and this to boom, i think that was mentioned at the beginning of the show about all of us recognizing that a new kit will not be one and must never be for ease of operating. so we should be reminded of these, but be the way to avoid these from happening is through concrete actions and, and work appeals are important. when this is important, education is indispensable. at the same time, we have to do our inspection work. we have to work on every front. what do we do in

ukraine is a good example of that of i need to a national organization that that's not just tweets about things. that's something about it in ukraine though, we're talking about this operation nuclear power plant. that's supposed to be a civilian nuclear plant. uh and it's on the front line. it's basically the weapon noise does not know. it shows the dangers of civilian nuclear power potentially. well, i don't think that correlation is automatic. a nuclear power, nuclear energy like any other used us for like dvd, if manipulated in the midst of a will kind of become of course, a pro with my t k issue here. the, the problem is the wall and what we are doing there to prevent a peaceful facility, a facility that used to provide 20 percent of the energy of these country, which is facing a long cold and dark winter. it was a forceful boot. what do we have to prevent these displays to be transformed into

something that would cost most more misery to what we are doing now to day to day as we were assisting to this very moving ceremony. i got word that one of the vehicle so the i a e a was attacked these vehicle was bringing inspectors that were supposed to be taken care of the safety of these facility that tells you how close we are to these dangers. and we are going to of course, not be the 3rd from, from what we need to do to make sure that what you enjoyed never ever happens again, raphael, go see the head of the i a thank you for talking to us fully. james. thank you. thank you, mr. garcia as well. mr. me maki, mr. raphael, go see the head of the i a the you and it's simply a watched off represents the global system that's been dealing with this nuclear effect with respect to him. do you think it's a system that actually works today?

but what does he want more? and so what i think that when we look at the situation, the war between russia and ukraine, and also the united states and nato is of course, supporting ukraine. but because maybe this is not completely successful, we can see that the war is being for a long data is continuing and there is no end in sight at the moment. so the people of ukraine are, of course, in such difficult circumstances at the moment they don't know what there is next day will be. this is the kind of lives that they are under at the moment when we see israel and what it is doing and gaza as well. so many people are done in there as well. and so the people don't know whether they will be able to survive another day. this is the kind of situation the children as well. they're not able to access education, not able to access food, for example, but the politicians of the world, i hope that they can somehow bring it into this. yeah. well, you know, in the lead up to the show, we asked audience around the world about the source and how worried they are about

a newman and to nuclear war, a nuclear war in the very near future. and we'll have those full results for you in just a moment. but for us, we've also been talking to people in the countries that are most affected and most at risk today. take a look at, but they've had to do that. you will never use nuclear weapons, 5000 percent may have let's just say that this will reach me very much because i have children who are yes, the so the more so i believe this is more political rhetoric, which if he wants to do is he would have already done that for you at the 2nd, why should we be freight? she straightened out us with something new every day and i just don't think we would do that. well, i mean, he would destroy his own country. why would he do that? because we would surely retaliate. i'm not saying it's the thing that keeps me up at night. it makes probably the climate crisis is a little bit more for front of my mind. i am truly afraid, nuclear weapons and should never be used towards the life people. my age don't

really pay much attention to topics like this. so i barely thought that the most dangerous along with the one. so you heard the from people from khaki, even ukraine, from moscow, from the us and from sol about how worried they are. and we have now our results to the pull that we asked in, in the lead up to the special show here right now as little about how worried you are about a, a nuclear war in the very near future. well, we've got the results here posted on x, when many twitter and 43 percent of you are extremely worried about a nuclear war. in the very near future. 32 percent of you are slightly worried and 25 percent. not worried at all. james. most of them, okay, what do you make of those results? 43 percent. extremely worried about nuclear war fast. and then the last part of that in the near future, you might have to buy. and so at the moment that's kind of looking at where nuclear

weapons could potentially being used. i really feel concerned about this myself also. so at the very least i think about my granddaughter design soon, children's generation. okay. that of course, any country, even japan would be impacted by any new or that might start as well. when i think about if i imagine my grandchildren having to enter a shelter when i think about this, of course having to even teach them about anything like this as well as such an a situation that should not be allowed. so the world, of course, i wish that the country's people could get back and get on together better, but there is so many divisions, polarization. and so we see these, you know, sized arguments between countries turn into war, which then turns into the higher risk of nuclear weapons as well. so thinking about whether our own country, you know people might be then or is, are tempted to use nuclear weapons if they feel that their own country is in a difficult situation. therefore, politicians of the world need to come together to learn from this and to make sure

that this has not allowed to happen. so i hope this is the kind of politics that they can do around the world to ensure that the people, of course, maybe the physical therapy medical positions may be different. but all countries to degree that war is something that we should not be allowed as well. well, james, i'm not joined by 2 more nuclear experts who are here in our audience. we're afraid one is director of the weapons of mass destruction program. i'd say free and hands christenson a is from the international federation, the director of nuclear information project at the federation of american scientists. i should say, just let me start with you. we've been talking about the weapons that we used in, in hiroshima and nagasaki. when you compare it to what there is out there today, the staff files, the programs that are out there today, how would they compare? you know, what would happen if the web things that we have today that some of these countries possess, which feeds?

well. so the weapons to destroy the restroom and knock a socket today are actually considered low yield nuclear weapons. we have weapons on me. so as long range missiles, various cruise missiles, what have you around the world? they typically have yields in the order of several 100 kilo ton. the largest weapon that is in the u as arsenal is one point to make a ton and one single bomb. so that's like 80 times the russian level. and so it is a great variety of nuclear weapons that are out there. most of them have these high yields that we talk about, right? we're afraid when i mean the, the global treaties, you know, how do we make them work when the decisions about nuclear weapons and, uh, you know, the way they use that decision lies in the hands of just a few leaders. i mean, the us presidents on to be donald trump, can make this decision to launch the nuclear weapons on his own by the push of a button that's quite worrying, isn't it? absolutely. i think it really underlines the inherent risk of nuclear weapons and

there is really no right hands for these wrong weapons. as the secretary general bunky move on one side. and there is just the inherent risk of use with, with to, with the weapons of mass destruction. and so this argument is really the only way for it. as long as nuclear weapons exist, the risk of use exist right, disarmament, the only way for james. yes. well, we've been talking about the horror of nuclear war, but of course, conventional fat is causing devastations. look at places like the democratic republic of congo. so don and casa, mr. tanaka, those places are going to have trauma. for generations. do you see power allows to what happened in japan? right, i started for us going to be there when we see on television scenes of wars around

the world, when we hear about what is happening within you through watching hearing these sayings, we remember what happens in hiroshima and nagasaki. 79 years ago. all of this comes flooding back to our memories and it is so painful to see a still with a thought on. i think when we can think about this is something that is just happening to other people. imagining that this is something that could happen to us . i will hope that everybody can think about this as something directly related to them. and getting rid of nuclear weapons is for the hippa. so none of the 1st and even 2nd generation is not only a matter of us, but for people all around the world to see this has their own issue to think about this and to see how they can take action to build peace, to read the world of nuclear weapons, i hope that people can proactively become involved in different movements in order to do this. and it is only through doing so that we will be able to create the

public opinion to read the world of nuclear weapons and that the nuclear weapon states can also then be engaged towards this as well. i think this is what is important, mr. maki, how would you say we should try and put the world back on a safer track because we're not going in the right direction on we a tito assume on the 0 some a another sucky the nuclear weapons that were used in these 2 cities was from the animal of time it was a completely different period. now the world has become digitalized. everything is computerized, even with a very small bomb, it has a huge yield. it can have a huge impact as well. the nuclear weapons, rather than developing these things. i hope the scientists around the world, you know, in the nuclear weapons states, they're focusing on just creating these new weapons or developing them even further . conducting nuclear tests. still, guidelines are also even, you know, looking at different experiments, even on the level of being critical. and so in every time we see this, we have student demonstrations in the piece talking. he rushed him against these

nuclear tests in the seats. and of course, this is not enough to convey to the whole world, so this is why days, such as today, such as the nobel peace prize being awards in the home. he dunc joe is an opportunity for this message to reach beyond. he rushed him over to the whole entire world. and so i hope at the very least, we can look at what it means to have nuclear weapons, what it means to use nuclear weapons. i hope that is going to be an opportunity for people to think about this as well. japan has recently had a near prime minister. there will be soon a new president coming into the united states. we see the situation in south korea, germany, france. there of course it's a time when we don't know the next leaders of each of these countries. we don't know what direction the world will go towards, but i'm very concerned. ok, james, i'm here now with the is to meet, not meet. so the united nation is hi representative for disarmament affairs and it's not gonna be to you are a top you and official a force but also japanese. so i wanted to know what does the legacy and will the legacy of the backers. i mean to you both as an expert, but also as

a human be. so they have been a significant source of all inspiration of the united nations. many of the practitioners diplomats policymakers, those who work in disarmament area. they have, i think most of them have heard the stories about how really inspired them. they feel that this is an issue. this is a challenge that is, was pursuing and, and resolving throughout their career. so they have already made an enormous impact . it's been a, they have been a source of inspiration and for the united nations also, they had been a partner in many of the, actually, almost all of a landmark international you and conferences, they always king, they sent representatives, they brought to most of the signatures and they made speeches statements, they said, really excruciating me, difficult personal experiences with the atomic bombs. and that was the reason

why those diplomats were negotiating disarmament treaty. they felt that this was an important thing for those treaties. miss not gonna be sore now under threat, as we've heard, as we've been hearing with leaders like donald trump coming back to power in the united states. you know, he pulled us out of the, of our nuclear deal. how do we get those back on track and put the world on a safe as well as has been mentioned already. diplomacy is the only way, engagement, dialogue, and diplomacy. those are the key words and key actions that we must take. no, no. first thing 1st. no, absolutely make sure that we maintain and protect the nuclear tumble. we've been hearing this words throughout the day today. nuclear to boot must be absolutely upheld and protect it. and then from there, let's make sure that we share

a common sense of the risk that we have at the moment. my good friend rafael, set that to use consent, we actually own leaving next to a very acute risk. i will still like to believe that no one, no political leaders will, will intentionally use nuclear weapons. but the risk of miscalculation misunderstandings in the time of who results and you'll opportunities for diplomacy dialogue, engagement is really enormous. so we have to make sure that the risk is reduced. that's also diplomacy. know, in history reaction. we have seen some good examples. that's when the, the risk of so high the leaders actually understood that this is not the way that we can pursue, you know, the 9 to 6 just to see when we saw the crisis. i think that was the moment that the world has gone closest to total nuclear will fighting immediately off to that by

the political need has understood that this is not the way. okay, so they need to pull back. thank you so much. it's not gonna be so thank you for your time. we have time for one more audience question. uh, who is the young lady joining us to join us? what do you spell your name and what is your question to illinois? my name is mr. middle, and my question was, i was wondering what advice would you give to young activists and p spillers who is inspired by the organizations commitment in nuclear disarmament? yes, so what advice, mr. tanaka and what advice would you give to the next generation of activists to not okay. what, what advice i know? yes, my resume. first of all,

i would say about the future or is in the hands of the use. the future is yours for those who will be continuing to live in the future, it is up to them to look towards the future and to think about what can be done in order to read the world of war and of nuclear weapons. all young people can think about this together and in many different ways. to discuss this thinking about different methods that you can do. for example. there are some people who think about this in a logical way, but not only this you can think about through emotions, through music, through film, will have to be in order to bring people in many different interests together to pay attention and think about what can we do to ensure that people can we populate that humanity can survive. what can we do together? and i hope the young people who will talk about this together. and i think coming up with these kind of ideas together is what will be picking them up, able to ensure that you can create a peaceful world. and then also not giving up the other message. i would share mr.

lamarche the head back show getting older. how do you make sure all the set direct experience that you have is post on forever for united module. so 1st of all, use more nuclear weapons. these issues, i really hope different people for us. the interested in these issues, norway, and upon the countries which are far away from each other. but i hope that you will come to hear us who my visit here rushing my come to the peace museum and see for yourself what happened a few years ago. at that time, there are many photos and so on that you can see there and you can feel you can understand what happens in japan. there is a saying that a picture is worth a 1000 words. and so when we think about this, rather than just talking about this, seeing things for yourself, explaining things for yourself, is

a way that you can understand more deeply. and so this is how so we can allow people to understand what we really do need to get rid of nuclear weapons. and so i hope that people can each and every one of them think about this every 2 months in he, russia, we have an action calling on the japanese government to attend the nuclear band treaty meetings. thank you very much, jennifer, but i don't think there's anyone who sat in this wonderful hole today who hasn't been moved by your woods and it will never forget your woods. it's been a pleasure, almost to speak to to thank you. thank you so much. why laurie? it's and to audience hear it also city whole for being so engaging and to our express august 6th. first of course with the inside. this has been a now is there a special live from also i'm 40 by people. thank you very much for watching and a round of applause, one or the

the just to regional target one of south america's toughest. we for the 2 men who seem to thrive on his challenge. a veteran truck drivers on every quarter. whatever the web to provide for his growing family and the cowboy who enjoys his rough life risk in it, a power outage there. a weekly look at the world's top of business stories. what does a rate cost in the united states main for the rest of us from global markets and economies to construction small businesses? should that be the answer to people have spent

a lifetime working that part of the answer to understand how it affects daily nights with still remain before we can truly say that we are in the say 10 x ray, counting the cost on o g a 0 there are no quite warnings in gaza. space started with a ruler of is really just carrying out strikes in on the start to do is how does teenage running for their lives after is ready for us to as twitching done organs of to least be killed. many people here in central cause i had fled from the north, which has been under is really siege for nearly 2 months. but the latest that pops up cost tonic among display families who may be forced to flee yet again to i'm getting, this is half the woman and the children escape. but they too, came under fire. as always to combine. so do the size,

the final stairwell to lift one's to into homes or on the streets in search of safety. the trail of destruction in pods of syria as israel carries out, hundreds of strikes, trying to govern says do whatever is necessary to eliminate potentials, right? the, i'm sammy's a, them, this is i'll just say i live from dell hall. so coming up, charging a path forward. serious new prime minister says he's working with officials from the old regime to reset public services and institutions.