fast and efficient in the final episode of the series ounces there, explores how the bits of fights for the french empire still resonates today. imagine tis french t colonization on outages era yeah. is of war and sanctions means syria is in zone on need of reconstruction for and funding is essential along with political stability. so what and vital to the countries future can begin. how can this be a change and fuel pay? this is inside story, the other there are welcome to the program on the clock. so yeah, is of civil war have ruined vast areas of syria with international sanctions, also degrading its infrastructure and stopping it of investment. syrians face

a new political, the one many a preoccupied with what's next and what might just a much from syria is a deeply fractured and complicated political environment. whatever kind of government takes over it faces the immediate task of rebuilding a broken country that will need major international help and finance from for an pause. so i'm with competing and conflicting political interest in syria. so what needs to be done to rebuild it and who will for the bill, and how will the international community respond to serious needs? will get to these issues with, i guess, and i'm having to profess this report from katya. likely, it's funny i to display syrians like these 11 on hard looking to go back to their homeland and build a future much of syria itself will also have to be rebuilt. somebody there the but it is a hand in hand to rebuild this country. please. let's do it quickly. this is for the syrian people. we will rebuild. the more than

a decade of fighting has ravaged cities and towns across syria. rebuilding it will be expensive and investors are already lining up the turkish government. that the main opposition group as soon as it's ready to play a role in serious reconstruction, sort of letting you ended up going to get it. and we will continue our work to ensure the voluntary and safe for tentative syrians and for the reconstruction of the country. took it, which gave it hands to its syrian brothers in that difficult days will also be with them in the new chapter that opened the damascus. don't let him go. the doctors and the capital people lineup for bread and fuel families here have dealt with the weak economy and crippling sanctions for years, and many say they're ready to rebuild their lives in the countries infrastructure

that not gone down on the we've had a gas crisis fuel prices, a crisis of everything and even a bred crisis, hopefully things will get better now on. the new administration now has to balance domestic and regional interest as it starts the process of rebuilding syria capielo for so the un which is 0 for insights story. so it's called rebuild in country takes a lot of time, a lot of money off of the war in iraq initial reconstruction estimates in 2018, reached more than $88000000000.00. but it's been a little to show for it. much disappeared through mismanagement regional divisions and through corruption in afghanistan and the us designated more than a $140000000000.00 for reconstruction. the ones, the taliban and regain power. most international funds were frozen on the sanctions . an estimated $495000000.00 is needed to rebuild ukraine during the next decade. and the cost of rebuilding garza is estimated at more than $18000000.00.

all right, let's bring it in all x, but guess in damascus, we haven't seen him how to hit who is a non resident fellow with the surveyor project blanchett council. and don't tell me to commit an associate professor and say hi, institute for graduate studies. he specializes in public policy including conflict resolution and for an aide, and a more probably a in from friday the, you please join us the executive director of local development and small project support, which is and then g o that. so that supports accountable governance in syria. welcome. all of you to inside story, send them. i'd like to start with you. if i may, they're in the hospital in damascus, where no doubt the intense you for your and still this sense of astonishment of just how fast things have changed, i'm sure. but people will soon need to turn their minds the thoughts of reconstruction. how important is it in your view that this starts as soon as

possible? i thank you for having me. based on the few interviews, i noticed that actions we had with the look up the foundation as well as the local community and signatories. this is exactly what they have in mind once the order to establish is how sort on the cities, how to get access to fuel and how to get all the services working. as expected right now, they are a lot of anticipation hope, but also concerns. uh the few uh, early steps taken by adult position has been somehow somewhat reassuring. but what they need to see now is actions that much inside of you know, the situation on the ground. very well. estimates that reconstruction in syria ranging from $250000000000.00 to even some estimates, a one trillion dollars. whatever way you look at a, it is a colossal some just how broken in your view is the nation's

infrastructure. well, um, i mean for us to say that, um, i would rather use another to and under the construction, let's say it needs, it's not only it's infrastructure to be this frequent stop it. then what we need in syria is, is that whole rebuilding of the country actually to be honest as the building of a new country. and that, that actually starts with, with what, what company wants to build, which is what is going to be. i want to review social contract and, and definitely there is a need to reconstruct the housing infrastructure to restart the or the ending tools on, on lots of a very important sectors by default as you mentioned, health education, but also electricity and what their ad provision and the problem is not all these not to look at at that just as a very i imagine your response model and curse what we have to do smoothly,

the stabilize as much as the weekend and take the time to define what is the city a that's we want to build and then how we want to build in 2018. i was a beautiful group that actually helped syrian civil society to issue principles on how to build new. so you have to rebuild syria. and i think we have to go through these and nothing. we're not going to wait for the whole political process that would define the new i would say the switch on the contract and the new boss situation and a new government would be in place. but we have to have some kind of rules because we want, we want to, to build properly, am and, and make sure that's why we're building. we're not damaging interests and rights of people. and it's not only about the type of buildings, it's about definitely before anything else. it's about about the building a nation indeed to very, very early days in the transition to say the least. but critical that this

a political stability is reached before reconstruction. before rebuilding can start all kind of political stability and become when the country's infrastructure is rebuilt, which way run, does it the next very good question. i mean, in my opinion, political stability is the most and it's a precondition for any viable non sustainable construction process. i mean, when i say what is the come stability, i mean a few things. first of all, as you guess for the mention of the social contract or do i thought to put it in the front, we a statement on inclusive government doctor presents all syrians and most importantly it hasn't been the condition. we're not there yet. so this has to be more or less agreed upon 2nd to the old. so you need to and see what else i solution. i mean, we all remember the, the national instructions that i've been in, bows and see if there's any subsidies you may need to see that act. and this has to

be lifted emitted to leave. but my guess is that the going to do would be observing and launching the behavior of the new government. then they would think on that on this move i'm term that most importantly we're not done with finding get see it out . it means that divided the country by large, you have now the new government didn't dotius, then you have the current state entities. and most importantly of these related factor design is bowman klaus celia infrastructure facilities and as occupied a new shock, a flat of see area. so what's the most we going to do to construction one is what it is. one attack us with a falsely. i'm and lastly, from my perspective i maybe you've had the has into this, you need to buy sense of a society in syria. the x of the launch don't see that the have a sort of having an independent society functioning within the city of the country because of the, the impressive natural to see the dream. and for this to happen, you need also to be this culture of the customer activism and the function,

the concern, the email for them to send it to okay. think people, i mean by letting them to have a site in politics and to have a say in the destiny. so, um, it says on the pick on the teams. things time, right? and let me bring this thing down again there and damascus incident. this is the thing is that you need to, i guess, create the conditions for the different parts of society to meet, to live together in peace, to create the, the sense of that physical reconstruction is possible given everything that's happened in this timing. and that is an incredibly complex process. a yes indeed. well, if the, if you look at the previous example, the experience of the position in the northern fox to see this is not going to be an easy fit. there is a lot of factors to cancer and there is a lot of competitions. uh, that would be ongoing between the defacto authorities as well. update and use all looking to get access to their constituency and to convince people about the good

news. i believe for the civil society and the laws that that they'll position doesn't have the kid the testing the depth in terms of capacity to be able to fill all the void left by the regime. there's a lot of spaces that needs to be filled quickly within the states. i forgot this way, existing services or also and facing adjusting a new constitution or a new social contract. and i believe that there is a new actor now coming to the surface that you haven't seen. and the active in the last few years was which are the lodge committees and i live in damascus. and how about that? they have been largely, you know, oppressed, unable to take part of this uh, activities and they've been looking for with for this day. of course, the 1st few days and weeks are going to vickie all day because i haven't had this

experience before. this is where also to see them and your civil society have advice of rules on how to engage with these committees and to get them to reach out to, to get them up and working on all of these very critical issues. this have been since the city and civil society and exhausted has been very active over the last 14 years. they have went through a lot of this exist sizes in theory, and i believe that now there is room. and finally, to put this in to practice. so as there is a lot of concern, a lot of consistency, but there's also a lot to put this on hold down just so you know, you just look at the one issue giant issue of housing and we've got millions of syrian refugees of 3 and a half 1000000 in tuck elaine, you've got millions of internally displaced people. the ship scale over ton could be absolutely overwhelming and could be years before they can even be how's

properly the yes and also you have to add to it is you can all come from the, you know, you know, but the count, the mother and the they are the proper drugs haven't been violated for, for 4 years now, by the reason. and so we, we have also obligations of, i'm not only a, i would say logistics, hopefully we have that we have legal implications. we have human dillion implications that we have to care about. and basically, i think the hold up, i'm going back to your question, elizabeth, what should stop 1st does nothing the we definitely would need to stop immediate speak that re establishment of a file for state. and the definition of when you a contract, the sort of contract, but the federal, we definitely need to do some steps. as you mentioned, we have a huge pressure people inside of say in a permission, those to run through a good on not having the basic needs they have, they don't have it. they don't have the good services, but they, they doing it, but it is there. in this case, what we need is we need, that's

a pretty good approach, stabilizing approach. but the principle and make sure that when we advance in his thoughts, slowly recovering for defined being, stabilizing, we got a lot damage and we have upgrading damage that we'd have to deal with later on up on in terms of i would say interest. such a also about the social cohesion that we have. we're not creating a new in just so we actually find those how they kind of injustice has to be released. so it's, it's, it's a, it's a balance that's a good balance. and as you mentioned, so society and that's crazy, not to mention we've, we've been working on this a lot. we are almost the trading ad, but that's not the what we have to be do is, is to coordinate, how can we distribute the roles between us, the, the, the, the, the government, the, the, and international energy, always the u. n. agencies and the donors themselves. how we can distribute the roles in order to make sure okay, process will get onto the issue of, of a bonus and funding in just

a 2nd. thanks for that friday. so is the time of your from dogs are there? there is a distinct parallel between syria and goes and not least in the front of the base. runing bought policies prescribe is a terraced group by the west. how does that fit into the scheme of things? do you think i a good important neck because a in ga so that we have a legit, democratically eligible we use that, but a democratically elected government put on by maps which was sanctioned by the national community. and this of this, of the major impact on donors, the priorities and behavior on the ground. and so they, they want, they decided to work at a, were you from the government to do no contract policies, with the government plan that biopsies, in installation of the government, the competitive and we don't want the sonata to happen to see the, i mean, we know the edge, yes, as so far as we thought gets the loop and that also going to is ation and, but we have been, uh, i mean, but apparently there is an appetite,

but then comes community to live tensions on this, on this movement and accept it as the, as the look completed, as a 2nd player. and so it's important when i mean politics are the most come to come thing where the comes to he because we know it comes with conditions with political conditions, key donors also the want to make sure that the interest also of more or less the visit been in whatever eat the they provide to all countries as all the details and i'm sure the city i would rely ordered. i mean there will be at some point maybe very soon amazing confidence for the construct. so it'll be the constructing cdm. i mean, hopefully often we have a stable government in place and then then the politics worked again. i mean, because a does not free up, that's never been free. and this is what i think the syrians have to be very careful. and i'm also to make sure that they have negotiation capacities to present that this of the student people that also navigate to this complex negotiation

process to protect the national dentist as well. so it's a complex journey ahead of the cdns, but most importantly is unit to unit the i'm the representation if whatever government comes in please, as soon and see area has these 2 elements, the legitimacy that it presented to the visit and being representative of the loved and the segment of field societies, i think the students won't be in a much better position to negotiate uninsured, up their own interests are being addressed. not so i'm doing this interest or some international politics. okay. an interesting time and thanks for that to send back with you at this issue of money and where it's coming from. we talked about diving is we talking about funding, but we've also talked about how much money is needed, then it hundreds of billions of dollars. who's going to provide that money? who's gonna cough up because there's so many other media areas, guys that ukraine i've done this done in a time when countries the well to economically deprived,

they didn't have much cash. so who's going to provide the money that syria needs? yeah, this indeed, this is actually one of the biggest challenges of this evening people are facing right now. actually if we look at the historical data of the last 3 years, we can at least very clearly see eye drops and internet data and aids, which was an emergency response. so there's even less up to the side. now speaking about funds coming to 4 in the cover. yeah, for a construction d u n d b, obviously you have a vital role to play in this previous see they've been there. we're talking about sacrificing earlier companies. lots of fun. that's what is the partially and most of the actually even find this by the out of states. so we're looking to see how this plan will evolve now that syria is feel the office out and, and hopefully under a more representative on last. and why the representative government,

but we also have to be creative is the cdn dashboard that could be also insights into investing to the local economy, multi security and infrastructure lots where the money is going to come from the private sector. there's also the capacity is administered to look at the public private partnerships with the possible bond this issue. but all of this is at the end of the day, he really conditioned by listing sanctions or syria not only caesar low, but sanctions on the central bank sections. on a 6 total economy, and this is going to be a 2 month incentives given that once again is guess is at the end of the day is admitted to the organization and, and how they behave. and deluxe, who is in the coming to days and weeks. it's very important to, for them to demonstrate how open they are and how it was different things to come.

see, you know, in a manner that looked on through the syrian history ition of literacy. but also to international standards that they are capable of working with at the end of the day this was the key. and finally, i guess we, we also have to look at the cdn and has been a lot of pressure date and looking to offend. and they are very uh, very full full i've i've, i've had several interviews with the business. can we see here in damascus? and i believe now they're looking to look at those. that's what enables them to work again and to be investing in the the searing business community itself. very,

very important at friday. if i may, i'd like to come back to these issues of sanctions that i was just mentioned that by send them because we had this complex and extensive sanctions regime, which is probably well, a decisive roland sir, is economic decline. how important is this whole issue of sanctions in the fact that they should be lifted? it is important, however, we have to be realistic. i don't think sections is something that actually can be lifted, that these would be with the have past experiences and section regime. some are much easier to put in place them to take off. and it's kind of think of some time and, and then on definitely did the international committee would require some conditions to do that then and it's up to the kind of i'm calling, i would say controlling by the that i to actually make sure that the, the the conditions are met, but at the same time, i would like just to go back a little bit to what time it was seeing. and then also what the, what the, what the, what cnn was saying, i think i, if we want to on our future, we have to find out what creative ways to make sure that we have most of the

required funding for the link our country from our on, on resources and so that we have to create the social uh, it is a major point that actually would attract people who may be back again in their country and invest the power and energies and the millions of families of that i see in passport outside we have millions on it's not hundreds of thousands, millions of the capacity, financial capacity behind it is tremendous. forces the live forces of the city and economy out there. the private sector is there we are. are a zillion nation. i don't have to prove it to you that we've been waiting for for this moment for the last 13 and a half years and we kept on moving. so we are very visiting syria is one of the cables and amenities. now we want to be back in our role in how things are managed progress. we don't want to continue our less consumers of this into

a national level. you might imagine syrian aid, 5 or consumers of, of our woods, a cultural and economic off of damage. we want to be active boss of it. we can, well, we have proven so history that we can make it. we're gonna make it again. it's going to take us time. it's difficult, but let me, let me throw it out. so it is all ready to jump in the fight. it was to be just running out of time, and i just want to go to i lost a guess that one last time at time of the festival. so the life forces is a friday just said the life forces of the certain economy of that and they're ready to go. what's your sense about the potential of this being developed from within a 100 percent? i mean, um, i mean, i mean students again and that has been in people. i mean, i don't have to talk about syrians. i mean, if it wasn't going data bored into the sport, i mean, they proved to be by tons of people. and that's a sector, but again, i mean, my theaters again, what i worry about is we don't live in the field awards and the one has become sold blue, but nice. and so open and connected. so politics methods. and so for the students

to stand on the defensive interest and achieve that for independence and the, the whole site, the development approach, i'll go back to the key point again, stability, social conflict is very important. viewed items. the sky is the limit, the fact methods they wouldn't be victims of politics. and that's the only message i want to leave. i want to have people with spends it, spent on this importance of this sense of identity, especially at times like this is critical for a nation and we've seen throughout the war and the, the ongoing conflict fit. many historical senses have been very, very badly damaged since the ancient city relapse had listed as world heritage site by your netscape, the start center of homes, and indeed the action sites and palmera. how important is it? the focus is put on that kind of sense of identity, the cultural heritage of the nation. this is very important question.

i believe that unfortunately, you would take time to see if we're splitting off again we give back. this is in glory to displace it. but when comes to the identity, i think we will have to realize that this is a sense of belonging, that very strong sense of belonging to the cdn people. we've been getting calls in the 5 minutes from different parts of the world from cn just for some of them have left the country for 2 years ago. some of them are the few season asking how can we help, how do we, can we come back? video, this common sense that we have to build the country together. you have to put our house together. i think this will be the cornerstone of this event. i did to few that we have with this all alone. and i think now with this ray of hope, the end of by saturday i said the rules and this 60 years of that still really,

there is a lot of energy. how the sun is, is how to send them. it's in the right way is how to make sure that there's coordination. and there is no chaos. there is no uncoordinated efforts. here also i, i have to fulfill the back again on the important thing. crystal rule of this event, civil society role. it's because there has been the most organized entity of the lawsuit here. they have been able to work this and just for us that has been able to create a solution from scratch, i have been delivered excellence services across the board. their goal now is how to expand their mandates and how to work and to reach out to the newest community and how to really enjoy the rest of the scene in society. and i believe that this is this tremendous love for this country coming from every see from seeing it from, from the society, from so many people including loyalist intuitive people who

previously were working with the city and state was coming back and reimbursing to help the come see and don't forget. all right, well, historic important times gentlemen, thank you to you all to sit on hudson hudson time. i come newton freddie dot you. thanks very much. thank you for watching. can see the program again any time i just visit our website, i'll just here a dot com and to get into it further, just go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash a inside story. you can also join the conversation on x or handle is at a inside the main, the clock and the whole thing here. good bye for now. the who is lens 11 use during this chronicle. so the devastation is more of his country

unexpected. his own, simon's struggle for survival becomes part of the story. as they leave for their lives, as camera keeps rolling, offering an intimate portrait of the anguish and resilience of those displaced by more force to free self 11 on witness on just doing the combination of violent war and the heavy rain, creating a respiratory for more suffering for palestinians asking questions, what are the challenges in helping girls that are seeing this within these conflict we're posing for the extra really, really big. we've seen this janet. it's an, an in depth coverage. i'll just say it was teens on the ground. when you closer to the heart of the story, the story of life, the section lost on death and is ready spelling operating on the deep cover in

syria. knowing that discovery would make such and out you 0. well, tell us a gripping story most that's by coming operated on the cover in syria, in the 1960 no dishes career that ended in public execution. eli cohen, most of the agents on outages era, we know what's happening in our region. we know have to get for places that others tend on fear guy by the police on purpose. as far as the way that you tell the story is what can make a difference. the challenges here with the

. ready hello, i'm jessica washington in jo ha, the top stories on how to 0. israel says it has carried out hundreds of and strikes across serious since sunday stone piles of strategic weapons and 2 naval facilities were among the latest targets. the united nations has called on israel just stopped up on board meant the spokesman for the un secretary general warrens that attempts to seize syrian lands or illegal. it is very clear that we stand against any violation of the territory of the territorial integrity of syria. we are against of these types of attacks. i think this is a this is a try.