ending march 31st 2025. for more information. please visit the awards official website at w w, w dot h t, a dot q a research intake level conflicts in those long calls in a 2 reasons why the world is less peaceful now that it any all the time since world war 2, that's according to the institute for economics and peace it says there are currently $56.00 conflicts globally. 92 countries are involved in fighting outside that boat is and in recent years militarization has increased the move and 90 countries. a trend us president elect donald trump appears to be encouraging. well, i think nato should have 5 percent. yeah. well, you can't do it to, i mean it to present every country. if you're going to have a country and a regular military, you are 4 percent. i think vision your opponent was talking about

a combined with that, although the levels of nuclear warheads of to 100 on full and for the last 25 to 30 years. unfortunately, we've seen a slight optic in the number of operational heads that are being deployed here, as it existed with the united states as a clear hedge, a mon, you know, one of the only super powers has begun to see that. so the power road in relative ton is not an absolute tons in relative tons. and you see that most clearly now with china is rise, which the united states clearly seizes a threat. you see that also with the rise of other swing states, countries like india and other countries in the global south, which feel that they have more power. they want to test that power. think of russia, for example. and in this moment where countries are looking to test and see whether they can take more risks,

whether they can test the extent and limits of the rules that exists, the norms that exist, as well as, as accusations fly, that the united states itself doesn't follow the rules and has double standards, it creates a climate of impunity. it creates a climate where the leaders countries can try to truly, truly test the boundaries of conflict. and i think that that sort of the backdrop to why we are where we are and it creates a climate then of adventure, isn't the thoughts of the say i wrote and thank you for mentioning it. it's the called the story of foreign policy magazine. this time is really about how trump is defined by opportunism and transactional lives and and you know 2025 is not going to be like 2017. i think this time a lot of countries look at trumps opportunism. and they say wait a minute. how do we make use of this for ourselves? the thing is the countries that can make use of it are going to be countries with size, salience and strength, big countries,

powerful countries to dance point earlier. the countries that get ignored are the smaller ones, the ones that have no real agency to battle, a climate in which we have more conflict. climate challenges are worsening, of food crises are everywhere. and we are entering a more an equal world because of all of that modern rabbani, that is an argument to be made. i think and of the many specialists and an observer as to the reach of but just to add to to what this previous speaker said, you know, this combination of, of instability of transition of growing in a quality one could of the multiplication of the number of states, for example, with the disintegration of versus soviet union, and then you can slowly so once again, what are we simply seeing growing challenges to the existing system by powers that

believe themselves to be able to access complete impunity like the united states and great britain, then the rocker is real now and because of strip, or are we seeing a genuine disintegration of the international system that was put in place in 1945 . and we're seeing the of peebles that go along with the transition to something that is as the new one unknown. well, let me pull that down. so i have times for if the idea that dean's entire international him because they have a veto on resolutions of the security council, they operated under one, rob, the flexible loose set of laws are concerned. it is flawed, but it's the only system that we've got that is the united nations and therefore it needs to be protected and more now. so than ever, is that right? i think it's right, but i thought done, put it really well right now. and i would go a little bit further and i say that, you know, without throwing the baby out with the box, what i did,

it has significant achievements of the last state decades. it is just no longer fits about this and that is okay. it is time to talk about how to reform not just the un security council, but to make the united nations more effective, more equitable. i think we're in this strange moment of global transition of global flux, where a range of players, whether it's countries in the global south or countries in the rich world, whether simply never going to happen or by effective challenges to that system. and that i think we, we have seen, and it's been very clear and very successful in the united states is illegal, 2003, the occupation invasion and occupation and ultimately destruction of the rock was icing. by, by the accounts of most observers, anomalous. the most clear cut and brazen violation of the un charter

since 1945. and if you know, in terms of the discussions that were this is the, is the money a driving factor and is the driving factor? i'll start with you to i would. yes, i'd probably, i'm a little bit unfashionable about this because i think i went on so i know it's not the driving factor. i think it's political ambition is the driving factor that we say on the war. we're not spending anywhere near that on piece building piece structures on solving complex. that has to be the fact the war is more profitable. surely that's going to be the simple reason. well it's, it's not only the more is more profitable, but that we also see that like the united nation state, often the 2nd level or is it arose and that's going to happen. i think the difficult thing to confirm here is that the 2 moments in the last 100 or so

years when a real decisive step has been made in times of the world or both came off to enormously destructive, multi pontine, multi sided was the 1st world war which gave rise to the half with the league of nations which failed. and then the 2nd world war, even more destructive, which gave rise to the united nations, which as we sites has been a partial success. that's got some achievements, it's always been flawed. i think that my generation and like those born lights, i have not had that experience of wool which told a world in 1945. you know what? i have a divides us. we mustn't go through this again. now, garza what is happening and gaza is horrible. and i also want to draw attention to what is happening on the west bank, which in some time smaller way is also um, extremely serious and inhumane in crew. but that is a,

i don't want to sound dismissive in this, but that is a localized, horrendous tragedy. and i don't think that that will have that kind of a generative effect for the, for the international system. and for political leaders all around the world in the way that the 2nd world war did. so i'm a little bit skeptical about the chances that a new order will be created quickly. i think we probably thought uncomfortably to go through some more erosion before we get the i hope i'm not just very quickly because we already got time. this is just a very quick question. so to rev and tomorrow, and i'll start with moving fast. garza isn't big enough to full a change, but it is the subject that we're going to be talking about on the generation. is that because it's happening to brown people? that's certainly part of the explanation. the other part, i think it's too early to tell quite how regional and international crisis is

ultimately going to be, but very quickly, i think the question about gaza is this another abas' cindy? a moment where the world order proves it's ineffectiveness and collapses because it is incessantly toothless. or is this another 1945 moments where the world looks at what has just happened does? and besides, you know, things need to change. and the rules are essentially un rewritten to ensure that such a thing can never happen. again. my money is on this being and out to cindy a moment. robbie: what are your thoughts as well, you know, we haven't talked about missing this information here. but the truth, what kind of country and the world expect a quizzical look at us politics. the bottom line, the

hello, i mean, understanding of it and uh, the top story is on al jazeera. around 400 members of california is national, got a set to joined firefighters in the bottle to contain some of the west wild flies in history. in los angeles county, 5 people have been killed and more than 200000 or under evacuation or does the latest by has ignited in the west hills as.