to reflecting the mood of the people who are determined never to surrender him wrong. calling out 0 keith. it is forced. now in the philadelphia eagles have won the super bowl after defeating the kansas city chiefs. in new orleans 4222. the eagles denied the chief and unprecedented 1st rates of all when john hindered before some new orleans to new orleans on edge is now with city in celebration with unprecedented security in thousands of national guard and police on the streets. the 50 united super bowl, the 11th, held in new orleans, went off without a major security incident. the battle between the kansas city chiefs and the philadelphia eagles was attended by president donald trump, senior taylor swift, and more than a 100000 diehard fans. security ramped up dramatically after a deadly new year's day truck rimming attack on the cities iconic bourbon street

killing 14 who were paid a tribute on the field. the super bowl was a big success for the city, but there's always another major event coming up. next steps. russell honorary who led the government response after hurricane katrina washed much of new orleans off the map and 2005 says the city always moves on and for good reason with a a sense of risk where we all but tara is when, when we bought to that risk, because the idea is to terrorize us, it causes us to change our way of living and to change and put doubts in the government. the government has the ability to protect this andrea and make, make, and lives along a popular parade route that sees thousands of celebrants year after year orleans does an excellent job of staffing for mardi gras every year. their cops on every

corner, and i'm sure this year they'll probably be more. so i'm not really worried about it . with newly installed barriers in the french quarter in a heightened security environment that's likely to last for years. the celebration on the streets continue as the city prepares for the next big thing. john henry and l g 0 newer. and that is news for now. knowledge is here. i'm on all the stories were coming on our website challenges 0 dot com. i'll be back in about 30 minutes from now. after all, have the planning, stay with us, the a pod, his aim interviews could be interm had for 4 years, which is pretty much an electoral times. no, i didn't say that that will be for 40 years facing realities. what does donald trump's re election mean pretty tough. it is most important that we focus on how to

work with president trump thought provoking on self. and your wife is dealing with the climate crisis is a crisis of crisis for times, but it's, there's not just one price isn't via the store on talk to how does era right now, a quarter of the world's population, 2000000000 people living in countries. in fact, according to the united nations 2023. so the highest number of active violet conflicts since world war 2. and according to those tracking, nutri emissions is on these across the globe, or a country. it'd be the full largest the me to call them on the impact of how it is so much more than just emissions from the tanks ships and it has a devastating effect on people on the planet. so what is the scale of destruction? why military and in an age with nations justify war on the basis of suppose the

security benefits is. ringback so a huge threat to recollect the security, the or. busy whichever reports that comes out on the state of the climate, this little of the mission stuff, industry, spewing more countries committing to limit less. understanding emissions can help us work out what needs to change. but there's a big hole in the information we have military emissions. these are rough and poorly tracked and even more poorly reported. and what's worse is the roof in a countries most significant images. there's one military in particular, the biggest in fact, it's $816000000000.00 budget in 2023. at leads the pact with emissions,

the us armed forces, the government money or the seeing the operations is the us department of defense. the department of defense's annual emissions is as large as the emissions of many countries. so it says largest portugal or sweden in 2023. i spoke with net, a crawford co director of brown universities costs of will project. in 2019, her team uncovered a startling fact. the us department of defense has a large annual carbon footprint. in most countries on us to say the u. s. military emissions are $52000000.00 metric tons annually is to say the united states is the single largest energy user. and the us military is therefore the single largest carbon emitter, looking at it as an institution. 30 percent of those emissions are from races across the world and 70 percent or from operations. if you calculate us miniature

emissions, it's more than many, many other countries. so it's really if the elephant in the room that has been ignored so far, that's nic buxton author and research of the interested in bass transnational institute. that was just a report showing that the ministry spending globally has reached $2.00 trillion now a and a warranty claim. and now and gaza has kind of given that next trips. every time ministry spending increases, military emissions increases. getting clarity on emissions is a challenge. there are very few industries. let's see any upside in tracking, the carbon that they're putting out into the atmosphere. that reluctance seems multiplied many times over when it comes to military's getting accurate emissions. he gets from them as prison, largely for utah. in 2022, a group called the scientist for global responsibility. estimated that altogether new trees and the supporting industries account for up to 6 percent of global

issues. that's mold in civil aviation and shipping combined. why do you think this massive sol, so the emissions is so often ignored? is this deliberate or some kind of oversight? i think the reason why ministry missions, it's really ignored on the plate, was a fest really deliberate when the care to approach code was signed and agreed in the mid ninety's at the military comp time exemptions that they wouldn't be into just that was that something pushed through by the pension and us didn't sign the agreement to me and, but it remained on the books, the military and 1997 was very clear that they didn't want to have their operations curtailed and therefore didn't want military emissions, including the 2nd reason is there's vast amounts of military emissions or more related emissions that we can't really, at this point count the cost of work calculations do not include the emissions from blowing things up from burning. that's kind of out of sight out of mind.

and of course, the costs of war projects, calculations is few. the us armed forces requires a lot of it. we're talking more than 85000000 barrels for operations alone in 2017 keeping track of how many vehicles have gone to and fro. how long, how many times they've had to refill? that's the will not simple so that all terry's needs a way to get around. they require fuel and great power, like united states, which sees itself as pre eminent and wanting to prevail and every conflict desires access to fuel everywhere all the time. so the united states has bases in about $38.00 countries and fuel is supply from those places or is taken to those places and protected. so the united states can operate. i think i calculated once that one jackson and now uses for some average cost driver would use in 7 years intensive gas. so these jet thomas, the tank several very high fuel use vehicles. and then you've got

a very large miniature footprint us as around $800.00 military bases around the world featured, those have to be supplied the results, and it supports the whole global machine which has a very high and carbon impact. but of course, the military's impact on the environment doesn't start with emissions, military forces and was, have listed largely devastating environmental legacy around the world. illegal login, which often flourishes as part of the war economy, remains one of the biggest contributors to deforestation and spc slide around. one 3rd, if that's kind of stands trees will last between 199-2005 explosives, damage critical infrastructure and can release particles, debris, and talks. it is that pollute the air, water, and swell and lead to sanitation crises. an example of the full out can be seen in 2017, in yemen, where a collapse of infrastructure led to around 2000 cases of color are being reported

each day. part of war is involved in destroying the environmental capacities of nations. we saw that in a rock radio, the few fires that's happens. we're seeing it right now. and ukraine. one of the key targets is often fuel depot, so we had some changes around nuclear waste. it was a factory that was talked to is released ammonia into the so odd of military impacts is that they leave a legacy of destruction. most famously we saw that in vietnam with age are in still affecting bus at dfcs, a decades later, we see it really stuck to the right now in terms of god's eye. so you know, tennessee whole neighborhoods being raised to the ground. you're also seeing the use of toxic weapons such as white foss, 1st bands through to scan and leads to toxic after effects seem to shut down a fold sanitation facilities by through being palmed and also through shuttle for black tricity. and of course, that's a release of talk 2nd chemical. so when you see belt buildings of bombs and that

sometimes releases things like a specialist. and that's not occasionally emissions. of course that coming from the use of weapons and ms. ailes, it's a combination of fast wars as nuclear testing and fast operations, but also the current clean negligence in cleaning up following these operations. dr . my, what you d is a professor of political science and middle east politics at georgetown university in washington, dc. nuclear weapons that have taken place in the past, in the martian islands in the forties and the 50s, as well as in indian reservations, creating a lot of health. in fact, the 2nd thing is, there's also to be in fact the open air fits in countries such as iraq, afghanistan, syria, are practiced on a storage. i mention is the water content solution because of their sales to in ground water. so using drinking and water for agriculture purposes, the situation is clearly unsustainable. in november 2022,

the united nations formerly adopted principles to protect the environment a mixed on conflicts. and if you look at notice data, the us military submissions, whatever bits of it can be measured, have been on an overall decline since 1975. this is mostly due to a reduction in the number of bases and to move away from coal power to renewables. and you clear all of this? it started to happen even before february 2022. when the us army announced its 1st climate strategy amongst its priorities, installing independent power goods on the basis to improve self sufficiency and to use more renewable energy sources. also, a plan to have a fleet of electric known combat vehicles. by 2035, there is of course, this new push for reducing fuel consumption and emissions as well as to transition to more efficient vehicles. this will make a difference. i think it's important,

but to even to say excel or is it transition to renewables. the real savings is an operation. so then you have to ask, is united states operating in places where it needs to be operating? does it have basses where it needs to have bases or these a legacy of either the cold war or the post 911 wars? so these are questions that the united states military has not for the most part, evaluated. however, the military and government officials a quick to promote their environmental credentials, the same for earth day 2021 is restore our. you'll hear about green was green miller trees and yes, even green munition. the best way to define it is it personally, is, is a environmentally benign and munitions. the, the lead slog in the, in the tip of the bullet has been removed and replaced with a much more environmentally friendly material. you have to look underneath the announcements to what's going on. and what you see is that not the, it's a concern,

not about climate change, but about the funder ability that these groups have too few. or they find out during the rock for that one of the biggest funder abilities to us post is had that was the fact that only from a huge trend across depend on a massive amounts of fuel and the search. and it's in the rock near the it, the touch oil tank is they could undermine the us or after that. so this being a real drive amongst us admitted to, to reduce its funny ability. it's always good to re transition to green energy if you can. the problem is we're talking about deep rooted, deep seated historical solution which continues to this day. so there's a need for deep structural change. over the past 2 decades, west and governments from washington to camera have to use the lens of national security to view and framed the climate crisis. climate change is a national security issue. climate change at the center of our domestic national security. the impact of climate change on global security is not of absolute deep

power months. the assumption underlying this framing seems simple and obvious. climate change will lead to increased instability, conflict, and migration that requires the tree readings. this idea of the environment become a part of national security came after the end of the cold war. when suddenly there was the need to justify the budget. the, you know, viewed intelligence service service within those large bureaucracy which suddenly were not faced with the threats of bipolar worlds. the biggest thing was the need to re define what security meant. and so they brought in the agenda to see was the environment is also part of security that led to the assumption from the perspective of america, the west global north, that climate change in the rest of the world will in fact resources creating scarcity. and as a source of conflict and on rest for the western countries, another narrative just to say,

this would create migration. and migration is potentially a source of on rest and conflict. and it's step energy for the past 1st nations. and that's the real problem with the national security threats. framing is that really it's turning those who are the victims are trying to change those most impact to taking the course countries into. now the new strips that the richest country you never see it. how do we guarantee the security of people forced to beat the homes because the floods are increase temperatures? it's how can we secure ourselves against these microns? and that to me is a toss of why. i think we need to really challenge this idea of time and security and always ask the question, who security are we talking about the other side of the debate? so i'm gonna say climate change has nothing taken seriously. and so we need to secure a sizes to bring awareness to get the military on board and get the policy makers on board. and then we're able to have urgent action that might sound like a smart strategy officer. rule is the world and the respondents to threats and fear

mongering and the see approach. people who take to raise a when the problem with this approach is that it means challenges a magnified when people are made into threats. and the rhetoric just rent something, climate change is a threat multiplier threat, multiplier threat multipliers, threat to multiplies, and stay much, much just one of the key terms. and this is the idea that climate change will exacerbate existing tensions and conflicts and make them worse. and i must admit, when i 1st looked at it, i thought the same, there was this idea to if you're in extreme circumstances, your goodness to like fight for survival. it's at the cost of every to step in science fiction. maybe we have watched the part for the product. it's on site, but actually when you look at the evidence,

it doesn't pain that picture. there's no reason to in places of scarcity that you might know actually find a thread to drive to actually cooperates in some parts. of africa, for example, where there's been an increase impacts on pastoral communities, climate change to punch the line, to billions, to the brink of starvation that they've actually done had to collaborate and cooperate because they realize that that is the best chance of survival. but nevertheless, united states has looked to certain regions of places where the underlying weakness, terminal capacity and preexisting stressors, like that's a conflict or a lack of democratic governance. and they say, these are the places were instability in migration will come. one example that keeps coming up in this context is syria. in recent years it's become common place to describe what's been happening for the past decade or so in the country as a crime. it's seen as a pre tessa of the climate conflicts to come. however, quite

a total of just send researches not quite so assertive when talking about syria, because syria there was a drought and they did have severe impacts and it caused people to migrate and that dropped was undoubtedly it was and by climate change. but they could find no evidence that those farm is what disproportion named involved in the civil war against the side. in fact, they found that the bigger impact was the removal of agricultural subsidies, which was a measure required by the i mass. but you weren't here, minute, you general is blaming the i mass for the war and serial. there was a shift to new liberal reforms under the encouragement of international financial institutions such as the world bank and the i met all of that combined, created a situation of human and security for the communities and they ended up migrating to other parts. the other aspect is these migrants were not the one sticking the streets for the protest. and on the country they were parked in slums,

completely neglected by local authority, and then were there to surviving. so the narrative is small, the different levels. and so that has to raise the question, if the time changes is a fact of a cleaning, it's not a climate change, more than why it should be news. i think it's because if we can turn every conflict that has the global impacts, such as the syrian more inter type of change, then we will need more resources for the ministry. and the often serves the interests of local dates as well because it will push more development funding and more 8 funding. so there's a whole bunch of cell 7 interest. it's a really driving this idea to kind of change core courses conflict more than actually the evidence, even the into governmental panel on climate change. the i p. c. c, in the united nations as being who is we kind of jumped to climate conclusions when analyzing conflicts. a report in 2022 states violent conflict and separately migration patterns in the mid term will be driven by socio economic conditions and governance. moved in by climate change, in other words, injustice and dictate, has

a most significant contributed to conflict and displacement. there is a valuable discussion investment about how to create an environment for peace, which is a field that doesn't get in any way at the same level of resources. resources that gotten into a minute tries response to the process. the one key areas investment against what i've seen is climate driven strips. a militarized board is in 2019 astrology. as defense falls announced that military patrols around australia is waters could be stepped up to intercept climate refugees. a report commissioned by the us pen to go on in 2003 on the security implications of climate change. had this quite bodies will be strengthened around the country to hold back . unwanted stopping immigrants from the caribbean islands, mexico and south america. and in europe, politicians like jordan padilla,

president of france, is far right, resumed a more national party. have said, boys will be the environment's greatest ally, it is true, then we will save the planet over the last 50 years. 63 rules have been built along borders or occupied territory across the world. in fact, 6 out of 10 people in the world live in a nation with one of these board awards. a lot of the migration is internal displacements. there's no migrant winning once duties. so there's also the assumption that they're dying to come to america or dine to come to the european union, know their floors for economic reasons for political reasons and, and sometimes environmental than the environmental, sort of, intertwined with the solution into political. and i think a lot of these narratives are reading badges and they're kind of colonial and often racist attitudes. it's, that's the thoughts of savages are out there. and if there's any, suggest it to your impacts, then they will suffice. and they will effect are dramatic new video shows

a struggle between border patrol and migrants and el paso. then you're starting to push away from looking at close is injustice to we need to find a way to deal with the consequences of that. and that will you turn to the ministry as the one who can deal with consequences, the actual match migration going from countries in the global south to the global north. this is a very small and it's so there's a big difference between the hyper on climate and migration and the reality. it's hard to escape the web security and discussions about the climate crisis. it's not just for the security, this food security, border security, energy security. ready ready no one can really argue with what, after all, who doesn't want to be secure, and what a security isn't as benign or simple as it's often presented. often one course of people are made secure at the cost of another group security that could change the security we used in the context, not just of folders or resources,

but if you i personally support the reference to human security and i would refer to it as climate human security uh to move away from the national security, militarized, problematic framework. so there are different conceptions, security. the trouble is that the ones that would dominates are the ones i'm as result. and at the moment what we've seen is a massive increase and ministry spending, the national security spending everywhere. so what happens then if it's a national security idea dominate, it takes away the issues around distribution and justice and focuses them instead on increasing and defending an attraction occurring system. the power of the military security framing is so great that those who question it can find themselves targeted with the state and power military bottles. for instance, in 2016 us law enforcement agents, each to gas and water cannons,

despite below freezing temperatures. on, on, on demonstrate, is protesting the construction of the keystone oil pipeline, or native american land standing bulk in north dakota, governments around the world. i've also been proposing and even passing was that enables them to crack down active this branded as eco terrorists. poland days before hosting called 24 in december 2018 or thirties issued a terrorism over and denied entry to at least 13 for in climate activists. rich to, to attend cooling the security threats. in the philippines. a new 2020 anti terrorism will greatly expand the definition of terrorism to include those who intend to damage public property, or interfere with critical infrastructure coming tactic of environmental groups. it also allow suspects to be arrested without warrant and detained that charges for up to $24.00 days and in australia a stump in early 2023,

in which climate after this episode from a traffic breach, sol legislation ran through local parliament days later. that would increase funds for public obstruction from $750.00 to $50000.00 or 3 months in jail. when back to this camp out in blockade roads or you know of struct, the construction of fossil fuel infrastructure. for the most part, they're not harming individuals directly. and on the other end, the government's responding pretty harshly. we can't in the name of protecting infrastructure that is actually harming us. the rest people are for tell their right to protest that seems to be in instead of going to the values for trying to, to promote and pretence. when we talk about the climate crisis, it's important that we separate rhetoric from reality. the corporate military

industrial complex, as of the respondents messaging, thrown around was like front multiplies, national security imperative. there should be taken seriously. but what was that a good dose of skepticism? there was a vested interest in the mix and there's a lot of confiscation about the climate damage inflicted by military security for the system. so also we need to remember that the security framework is as much about attracting attention and money towards middle try solutions as it is about diverting focus from the time of you know, that kind of crisis copy results like guns. there's no way we can resolve the time of crisis through building pickles. therefore, we need approaches which are based on international collaboration. we need to look at what is the root cause is of in security for people. and we need to find just ways to help them adapt to climate change. so it's a long whole. but to me now from past experiences that's situations of crises can be dealt with quite different. and sometimes

a crisis can bring out the best of people, rather than the west. the a secret agent claimed by both israel and egypt. well, any case officer who receives attention for a double age, we always assume the worst true to lies. fact or fiction. most of the documents are faulty people on the out of their well tells the story of the minds of many secrets, shift motor, one desk to the surface, 5 on elders era, the so called l. salvatore's maximum security prison, the biggest and the world, built to house the gang members that the government's quote and it's correct criminals who controlled entire communities to been put here. authorities have no

plans to ever let them know that in the almost 3 years of the crack down. and jerry say that systematic rights abuses have a code. innocent sweats up to police and soldiers have been ground to power to pick people up on the street. we've little no proof that there are many more happier with a suddenly sites a nation. and this is the question. all the injustices suffer by a number of salvadorans, a price was paying for the safety and the streets, but the crack down his pool of to use the expulsion mode. the onset for the majority of salvadorans is yes, as long. that is, as it's not your relative stuck in pakistan as one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world. and human rights was 2 with one dying every hour due to pregnancy complications. 101 east meets the breed, midwives fighting to save the lives of pakistani mothers and their babies.

pakistan's maternal mortality on how to 0 the warnings. the aid coming into guys that is not enough size. winter conditions make life even more miserable for palestinians. the low, this is all just the are live from bill um for the back. people also coming up more rates in the occupied westbank is really forces arrest several palestinians and destroyed homes and other buildings. china is retaliatory tires. some american exports come into effect while the us administration threatened small measures on steam and aluminum imports. can anyone stop showing us from winning the i race world antiquity.