the closing sunday actions when firefighters did arrive, there wasn't sufficient with an in depth coverage, it's a gathering of intention to speak to wisdom teeth this out as it was, teens on the ground when you closer to the heart of the story. so cold water was around the wise world wide, but the case to river conflict is one of the most contentious of treaty between india and bangladesh. about that fish sheriff also has been pending from all the decades. so what's holding it up on? how is china involved? this is inside story, the hello welcome to the program. i'm adrian cynic, and they teach to isn't just the river for millions of people in india and bangladesh. it's a lifeline integral to the economy, food,

and income. a decades old dispute revolves around the distribution of the taste as waters, particularly during the dry season, bangladesh once a larger share than it currently has this pushing for a $1000000000.00 mega project to go ahead. but relations between dr. new delhi, i was an old time blow since the austin, a former prime minister shane casino in august. she flipped to india, and this defies an arrest warrant this time, trial and bangladesh for crimes against humanity. seeing that preferred india to fund the piece to project. but the injury and government in bangladesh is reportedly keen on china. so why does india viewed chinese involvement as a threat to its national security? and why is the indian state of westbank go opposed to the project? we'll get to those questions in just a few moments, but 1st a report from time dear child re, a thousands of people have gathered in the bank of river c stuff and a lot of money to hot. this is one of the several other gathering of the 5

different northern district in bangladesh. there protesting about that in this diversion. and holding a water by building them in 30 of the 54 shared rivers. most people and organizers want india to come to table and negotiate to a pro time of sharing to pay funding by water as well as a gauge is river water. bangladesh has been in dispute with india for a long period since its inception and sharing river water that came almost close to an agreement in 2011 under check casino, then prime minister. but the west bank, no chief minister mama, banner g vp is to come to a time frame that it will affect wes. thing off if they share more water with bangladesh. i'm a good on the movement is about the long suffering of people g to india is restrictions on the water from the teas to river. we won't have a fresh air over the river and assistance for the people who have suffered because of the environmental impact of water filters as well as the drudging of the river.

many people yeah. including expired on some in the government, things they should go ahead and build a major project here that was designed by the chinese to have a pistol. them and a mega project in northern bank of. 6 to count or india's them. now that we'll have a diplomatic impact with india, having chinese personal presence so close to in the northern border as it is by with us having a strain on the relationship that could make things much more complex. sunbridge, audrey all, does it a lot of money are hard for inside story. that's bringing, i guess, from cambridge, massachusetts. we're joined by a talk be a who to a bank that actually human rights lawyer unfold that se original research at amnesty international from bug. almo, in italy, is felipe manga and associate professor of geography at the university of oklahoma

. and the editor in chief of the journal political geography and from new delhi, but joined by the vic capture for an indian diplomat and columbus. a welcome. 2 year old gentleman. let's start with you talk the what do you make of the process? we sold the intent of this report, white oppressions wanting so high over this issue. i'm thank you. so the tensions are running high precisely because this has been an unresolved issue for decades. and millions of farmers were impacted by the lack of a water sharing treaties regarding that these, the river had their livelihoods, their entire lives, their property impacted by the you know, continued unilateral use and control of the water course by india. so this is really in the wider backdrop of the whole list of issues that people are finally able to mobilize on. now that you know, the 15 years of a part here and rule has come to an end with the ouster of the fire, former payment associated se not. so you know, this, her policy,

particularly in relation to india and in relation to that piece, the issue was seen as being entirely subservient to india as interest. so the people have, you know, mobilized against that long standing green funds. and they finally have, you know, the political and civic space to do so different. what do you make of what you just heard there in 2011 of agreement between india and bangladesh and the sharing of for so from the teach to was drawing up. but it's been pending ever since. what, why is that who, who's delay, and why? and go to both dr. lee, the space to shifting a waters. not a nor, i've been in states since about the most difficult matter to resolve. and just as the fashions in the, among the people in abundance of the, on the taste of, and indeed on either of those of which fell from in the bottom of the day. the equally impressions in the end of the government,

both the same truth and the state governments have to be aware and acknowledge these the these feelings of the popular feeling. so it will not be proper for anyone in the dish to claim that as their being with demise of end of the government is in india, the state of the central government can disregard this in the windshield the people they have because like millions i'm or the to my own assessment, is that in the bottom of the issue of being able to close the door to the kids. many, many contentious issues and knowing the boundary that both matter time and the physical problem, great initial, the economic issues, commotion issues. i know that other nations are going through a difficult phase at the moment,

but i have no doubt that in the course of time of these matters relating to the job. as i said above the most difficult work in the problem with, it will also be interest. so they feel i'll bring you into just another plus, let me throw that back to uh, talk be a, what do you make up of what are you just told that it's not fair of anyone in bangladesh to claim that, that being victimized here. i think that's a pretty reduction as to view because, you know, as i, you know, as any of use coverage of bundled vision, the recent years will tell you that they are impacted by flooding. just as recently in september of 2024 when india had, you know, again, made a release of the to be that the still water course without prior notification. it didn't talk to about a 100000 people who were displaced because of severe flooding that happened at that time. and the unilateral use was exacerbating such flooding and you know, it constricting their right to water during dry season. when again,

india human lot truly decides to close the water of course. so india's unilateral use and abuse of the water, of course directly impacts the human rights of the, you know, millions of farmers or livelihoods, or human right to water. and of course that impacts trade as well. there is about a, you know, some estimations showing that about 8 percent of the rice crops of bung division are impacted by this, you know, flooding and drying up. so of course, as you see, they have every reason to claim to be victimized. and it's potentially of india actions or potentially also against the gun g street to but the to which the 2 countries i've signed in 1996. what article 9 of which said that the 2 countries would work together to you know, upholds and no harm principle and very us principles in relation to other common rivers in india and bundle dish have $54.00 such common rivers of police. and this, that being, of course, one of the most important, so it's not just a claim of victimization based on apps, track notions of fairness. it's very much

a violation of india's obligations under customer international law. and even treaty locks in so far as that relates to ganges treated. okay, let's take a closer look at the piece, the river from avenue patrol, significant geopolitical and ecological importance. the river originates high up in the glasses of the himalayas. it flows for 414 kilometers screws is seeking of westbank goals states before entering bangladesh and ending in the bay of bengal. it's the 4th largest river. the 2 country share provides crucial water supplies for both in bangladesh that east of flood plain colors, 14 percent of all farm land. well, the 21000000 people directly or indirectly, dependent upon the river for their livelihoods, especially during the dry season from december to march in india. people in seeking west bengal, depend upon the river for drinking water, agriculture, and local industries. it's also

a vital to thousands of plant hydro power projects. local governments feel that any water sharing with bangladesh will leave the states dry and put those developments at risk for the po. and what state is the piece to river at the moment by the um, the these as the now let's say no. of course we're talking about the issue of a conflict of a lot on the ball and shading completely this matter. we were talking about politics, social issues, economics, geo politics, of course, dates for each of our lever as being heavily dog, as you really said, is, is largely over over 2 thirds of office often even in india and even yeah, as down the river, you know, for many reasons,

but usually you know, you're the producer of the crisis and sort of production of the energy and then either there's some physical or you're busy. so the point is that, you know, the whole set set another on the to call his engine bodies interest that shows 64 reversed by downstream, you know, is 50 for reverse. clearly these gave the final page $29.00 were planning on the company. and when he comes to sharing such an e mail and you know, a, even always quite the conventions, martha, you, for the law is that that is a combination of the doing and 1990 to convention on the sharing and finding what the course is. the issue is that neither that engine, by the time that you are in convention, and therefore they resort to buying outside of dogs and try to find or by that that

agreement. but as it is always the case, no, it is quite as complicated because once i was seated at another, as it is, those can be very emotional. archive and from somebody who has a raises and we're talking about the complexes have affected us when by climate change. and so the versions of counties as being a kind of show the problem to flock for instance. but then here we see something that is competing with you if you want to, at least based on what will people tend to think about studies. yes and essential for this casting fees. and what discussions if i put you in, in devices and then this is because everybody's haven in these, every down and before the end of each mileage, it goes to many of the communities and people in use an estate homeless. so, so there was reasons for other kinds of issues from the actual fan energy is used for steven seen and uses. but the problem is that that might not be enough for the

last 4 milligrams and companies entities, most definitely specifics for these particular case. it is something that we can upside of the many other contexts of the most popular ones, the basement, both related and showed by some concepts. another point is i think it is relevant to you is that the to counseling, take a little to say, and i will one that is a major jump on it because the clearly isn't, shall fall. what i've seen is a also a est vivek, in what shape relations between india and bangladesh. right now you, you said that they were a difficult point. delhi knew, denny is yet to, to respond to that as a request for the tone of the former prominence to shake casino, who's being investigated on suspicion of crimes against humanity, genocide, mode of corruption, money laundering, is that somehow playing into this dispute. so i think this has been sold standing

the issue between the 2 countries because the own showing the titles shane cutscene is pregnant, is the ship and prior to that so so i don't think it can be actually good only to the shane casino not being the in bung with nation, paul, at this time of the nations are difficult, but i think in the name that is involving desire to seem to know move seems a tons of toner and they should what i'm finding is that, that all parties of that are forces within bung with the issues which are bent on, on trying to been shown that the normal team doesn't return to the relationship in the of has tried its best of the following. and this, the next on the fence minister just shown co main to the following fall. and say,

in wise uh, uh, only a couple of days ago in a, in oman, on the sidelines of an international re thing. and they have to be underlying that in this desire is to have good relations with the phone with the shift, as indeed we want with all the neighbors and bottle of the nation, the video where they come from the neighbor. so over the years it's susie and has done everything that again in terms of all future nomic ties in terms of connectivity. and at the only thing that in the dance has set us button the off button. and they should traditionally, and this is not something unique to in the, in the, they showed the big cat that in the security concerns and on jeopardized by any activities taking place on the choice. i think that's not something and that's all. so trying to take cold and all of the things are moving

really moving. well, there's one other concern which we haven't that is that may not have tense in buttons the. ready being the very severely and negatively impacted off the sheer to contain those other stuff. and that is something deep goods. a lot of people in all right, good park there. what, what do you make of what you're, you're just to the bangladesh doesn't want to a normal see to return to the relationship between the 2 countries of it. i just wonder whether it's making any sort of deal right now with india, particularly of the taste to is within the interim governments. we met a couple of things there. firstly, i think bundle dish is of course willing to work cooperatively with india. but you must understand that this is a moment of transition, where the in term government is trying to restore balance in her relationship with

task. highly been defined by, you know, dynamics of domination and on india side and subservience on bottom, the dishes side. so, you know, the, the, the, this is a necessary moment of rupture to restore and quality, so to speak, in terms of the, in term governments mended. i mean, of course, without getting to technically legal here, there are a great deal of reforms that it is undertaking and the technical legality of such reforms remains a matter of constitutional debate. given that the former prime minister had to revoke the authority of a through constitutional amendment revoke the authority of interim government to you know, carry out of function in during transitional periods. so i mean, but by and large i think, you know, the question is of substantively delta t rather than technical legality. and most of the people in bottom to this have accepted it's mended and demanded it is, you know, undertaking to reform. i would just like to correct in relation to you know, about buying the dish, not being willing to, you know,

restore the ties with india and, and that's the problem is that, you know, inbound the most recent visit that the shake by shake because, you know, have in 2024, stay to india, that was followed by an india bonded a shared vision for a future. now if you look at this joined statement it, it mentions mutual cooperation for t stuff and the find the best with work with india as assistance, but not the ones does it mention the longstanding need before a water sharing agreement on the stove, which has been a subject for almost every bilateral meeting between the prime minister and prime minister and india. indian officials big from 2011 onwards. so that was also seen as a great big trail that after 14 years of cons and pushing that, that's this joint statement that sought to build a joined vision. even a mid some mention of water sharing agreement. it's important to note that it mentioned the renewal of the ganges pretty for instance. so it, so that was seen as a crucial emission. so it's, it's,

i would say it's actually quite inaccurate to say that india has done every time in disregard. in fact, what has is what seems to be places of emetic, attempt to suppress any such agreement from the rising. okay, i'll figure out cuz i'll give you a right of a reply in just a moment, but i want to bring in sleep o a once again, you mentioned filippo or the impact of climate change as having on the, on the taste of what, what environmental impact has reduced water flow have further down stream it in bangladesh. other of the ways of, of, of mitigating this, this reduced form for the building of reservoir, for instance, the name but, and also fine with that this somebody might, somebody, the name of these heavy have really been used up if you want a building newer. otherwise, it's not likely to solve the problem, at least when we talk about environmental health and environmental degradation usually building your otherwise,

we do the opposite because you keep following things beyond the natural world of trouble, ultimately where to deliver these heavy, heavy down. but many, um, i think the issue here is, is, you know, it's about finding ways to maybe at least start and bring it back to i was, i don't want to say the original space and my little the for me a freely for all our lives and it'd be more than that he can do now. usually based on songs, what happened is he not the internet. everybody's is building more impressed actual, particularly in the context for lease or the hyphen tension between 2 countess is not going to solve any, any issue. uh, the main issue is that there is no long term agreements over the shading of these waters. and the only way to factors it'd be, it'd be meaningful maybe when they towed it. and it keeps training relations that

keep eventually the issue of the, of india is security. why is new delhi so opposed to any involvement by china, in any of these hydro electric projects on the river in bangladesh? because it would impact also guild we are aware of the relationship between india and china concerns about china and the neighbors. but before i go into a further into this, this big, let me say that i was wanting to avoid any debate to which my motivation of calling bun depends on this issue of domination subservience. but i am constrained to say, because instead of this idea, then there was a government by an agent, by the nation, as subservient and is simply in today. if you look at the progressive day of the

nation should in the wrong, i will conference way in all in economic commercial diplomatic aspects. we've resort be shown in connective attainment being done what we can in bod, longer the issue deficient. and we've tried to have as best as we can, all these aspects of domination, you know, this is and then maybe we can to, to this and that psychological aspect between a smaller state and a can dig with a neighboring state which is much larger. and this is perhaps more killed in the case of bung with age given the drug. good. that's a good situation between the 2 countries. but i think it's not fair on the part of bangladesh and clinics too late, that india is, behaves in

a manner that is said thanks to um, no, but as far as the water concern, let me just say one previously effect, please please quickly, quickly. so when you have time, yes with yes, just one month and we are acutely aware of the difficulties of your drive periods. because we are sales a hold of fluoride for the indians. and laura vivian, as we speak, brumbalow to which is the main lifeline on the, on the eastern part of india and which really impact butler these on that river. the chinese are building perhaps the worst largest that. okay, ever. and i haven't heard my bangladesh car, the excel word on that. that's okay. talk to you. do you want to respond? or india is concerns about china's involvement in bangladesh. legitimate does indeed at this bangladesh understand those concerns or of course varner,

this understands and it has no desire to get involved in this indo china cold war when bundled issues interested in and safeguarding the human rights of its people. and why should you know where to continue to lead india's security encrypts whether legitimate or whether it's a matter of hysteria? why should it continue to let that dictate the terms of, to what extent its people in the north should be able to enjoy human rights. so this idea that this is like a psychological sense of subservience. i would invite anyone to conduct a holistic review of the agreements and you know, relations between india and both of us in the past 15 years. and anyone with a reasonable sense of fairness and equality will come to the resulting conclusion that it was a highly a relationship subservience and dominance. 3 products adult. can you subject to view? okay. in what way? so it is because it is fun for me to fax if you'll see the history

of india among these relations are beginning with 1971. i find that my colleague is focusing only on the last 15 years. why not go back to 1971? i don't know, perhaps he's much too young. he doesn't recall what happened to 1971. we changed our blog in 1971, but let me complete. and if it was seen that history, it's more than 15 years. the temperature, subsea bombing ation and subservient the question will be to sort of the quote, okay, that's the huge of going to be more and was wanting to that. we've worked with it. so i'm sorry to interrupt. we're almost out of time. i want to give a last word or 2 for the po here, age situation, of course for people is unique, but as climate change continues to impact. uh, the, the well as natural resources where, where only like to see more disputes like this one in the future only. oh yes, yes,

he saw yes. uh, and usually what is going to happen is the large dogs are not trying to look into satcher is going to be portrayed at this one, which is 12 were kind of change hundreds of times when it is in the always but in the was that is going to be under stress increasingly so, and we're going to see more more of these uh, sort of concerns and, and even conflicts, oversight was i wouldn't say what that, what that was, i think was in, by the beginning. but clearly, what is going to be more sense on, in the pony to go and to say, hi, what do you think of the thing and for one of the issues, the names on the issue. okay, the gentleman, i'm afraid we're going to have to edit, talk via who to for the for mega vivek country. many thanks indeed for being with us on inside story. and thank you for watching. you can see the program again at any time by going to the website l 0. don't com for further discussion. joining us

on facebook page, which you'll find at facebook dot com, forward slash age a inside story. and you can draw the conversation on x on handle the at asia inside story from the adrian for the good of the team here. and uh, we'll see you again, bye for now. the young women with a passion for space. so i used to teach about working in the school like not sound good enough. so that's a small step for science jointly for women kind and kind of stalling me, but don't replace it in high. and that's a scheduled time. the satellite could be sensitive to space women mix science space school, episode 5 on out to 0. when delusion from the truth, the facts hanging the balance. when voices that silence agendas prevail,

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