jake was accused of on demand me, the country's constitution. stop this done to the dates and peace. the codes, the agreement ended the balls in will. that was in 1995 and established a system of ethnic quite says many levels of government. people now fit every time conflict. spots are starting to haul reports from the paste. 4 lines separating for my enemies. if you have any desire to abandon piece cigarette the cigarette to mock the memories of a siege by sub forces of the both in the town of garage to defend it, but for a hastily formed may of civilians. ready who have the prospect of renewed conflict as political intentions. rise is not something they sold soldiers willing to come to places me so new. oh i'm not the pessimist. i don't think there will be fighting . it's too cool. but we've had enough fighting. and personally, i come from people who remember the war and the reason will prevail and find the

best of memories of drawing and cray owned by grandchildren growing up in peace time. thanks to the 1995 date and peace agreement that continues to hold. the pretty when we accept the data and although it was clear that this was in a way, a reward for the aggressor, the thing we wanted to preserve both in heads the galena within his borders and to end the fighting a nipple, stand up a pencil line on a war time map shows what the dates and the codes achieved separate entities for both new and subs on one side, both in the x and crow that's on the of the united understood institutions and with international oversight. it was a line intended to knit war time enemies together under a new state. instead, politicians have sought to exploit it as a bold, entrenching division to both me and said needed miller. dick faces a prison to him for undermining the constitution and some see it. he's intent on secession, reviving the idea of

a great to serbia that so the seats for war in the 1st place. but most of those being said, we spoke to disagree with it. the few would say so on the camera, the william assumption a lot about the maybe is too much for me to speak on behalf of my entire people. but i will say this, we want to be so we want to functional and stable both and have sort of, you know, as it is now. and no one wants to tear at the part of the complex system of government since the war remains. in other words, the own, the blueprint for peace. jo no l g 0 in easton both now. all right, well that's it from main satisfied us. the news will continue here on out 0 off. the old hale looks on the hard hitting in to be used. the results of the referendum was 50 and

a half percent to $49.00 and a half percent. this is all this the physically impossible, unless there is some serious interference facing realities. what deposit guaranteed in series of liability democracy based on the approval and based on the toner, representative home sick and tired of spectrum of the people who wish to have the people represented when and said, thought providing on, sending these voters or expecting your government to deliver how do you do? well, 1st of all, i think you have to put in solution. is that what you the story on the talk to how does era this is the final episode in a 10 part series on the catastrophic story of the planet and human kind. if you've reached this point after watching the previous 9 episodes, then thank the name of the series has been to unpack, di, 6, and understand why would be so that it responding to the destruction of this and it's ecosystems. in this episode, there's one key idea,

or i want to share one that relates to almost every aspect of how we deal with the climate. it's an ocean, the misunderstanding really that we humans by separate from nature. you have so often man versus nature. but given that we are living organisms, we are nature ourselves. this is not a complicated motion. it's really quite basic. but once you apply it to so much that we do fossil fuel extraction, intensive, agriculture. oh, the consumption. it becomes quite clear. we need a reset. we need to imagine a create a new reality, one that is based on a transformation of the way we make sense of the world and out place within the

and across the planet. a majority of people have one common factor that shapes the world views. it's called an therapist, centrism, and it's so imbedded in how so many of us think that you probably never even consider the answer to centrism is basically the notion of human supremacy of living things. it can drive us sense of entitlement to see nature as a resource. and it's why we presume to control the world, trying to bended to out every will and convenience in a domain and will view receipts, humans has been fundamentally separate from nature. we just have to know thank which we say you're not going out into nature actually just in the natural well what happens when you have a while we talk about human and versus nature. it's mind not going to make 2 man

versus nature versus while nature is this kind of thing that's out there with trees and skies that even the people who care about saving ecological rich as a whole, environmental. somehow it's the environment that, that caring about. not the actual stuff that happens in the environment. jeremy lynch is an ortho and speaker whose work investigates the underlying causes of asked civilizations x, the central crisis. but here's what's interesting in indigenous cultures everywhere . basically from hawaii to native american, to aboriginal australia, to aboriginal communities in india. and each of these places there was a such and way of relating it to the rest of nation. not seeing it as a resource to explain that seeing it as a living, sacred and set of entities. there's indigenous people leave me leave. the land is alive and it holds memory and that we have to just fix that utility being system. dr. and paulina is an indigenous community leader rights advocate and research. one

of the reasons why we're in this predicament is because this is a colonial power on tending a beautiful country, a living quarters in nature into a result. so when you're talking to indigenous people, one of the things we want to be clear about is that we're not seeing any postcolonial framework. colonialism is continuing. it's an extremely like, incisive, constructive way to see and be in the world where everything is modified. and so what i see in terms of what's happening around the planet is that there's a very big culture of values, people who see the world and feel the world and build a relationship. and then those that look at the world in terms of seeing these things in nature as a result to be extracted to be exploited, to be sold on the market for the top prize. in the past few 100 years, we have civil cells from the living world. economic systems have done it for us up political systems have done it for us,

but the nice ation has done it for us. roman prisoner. it is a social philosophy who writes about the power of ideas to create change. his work is being published, you know the 25 languages. i think the human beings, martin, relationship with living weld, actually isn't more than adult. it goes back to medieval times, particularly in western culture. and the christian idea that the us is that for us to have dominion over, it's the for the benefit of human beings and the we can use and abuse it at our will. but i also think our economic systems have been to, i mean capitalism, that economic philosophy has been one which is also about dominion of the living world. in other words, way, driving for self interested profit, and the impacts of that kind of secondary and increasingly organized well, we've created a bubble for ourselves. the prioritizes industrial efficiency and predictability,

while diminishing and even exhort of fine the value of other living beings, a natural processes underlying this phenomenon is what's called the extinction of experience of the world increasingly disconnected from nature. yes, we do interact with each other and domesticated animals and the like and useful of that nature. but i'm deep engagement with the rest of the natural world has been radically reduced in effect, wearable living through the extinction of experience. and as a result, an incredible number of us have no concept of the myriad of organisms, networks and processes that keep this planet safe and habitable. one way to address humanities, ignorance and negligence of the natural world is the theory of ecosystem services, or natural capital economics. it assigns and monetary value each of the ways, the natural environment benefits human will be. the idea of ecosystem services was

originally very well, meaning ideas from people who cared about saving ecological abundance. and they basically say, didn't so well, look, we've failed so far to get these kind of capitalist executives to listen to anything we're saying. but if we can show that and the true value of nature and put a, a dollar value on it, that's the only language they speak. maybe then we can have some success. the problem with it is that it's really a self defeating concept. so to save this beautiful web, and they're close to a city and you can show these wetlands actually, and have ecosystem services value, they provide protection from floods and drainage and all different things. and so we put a value of, you know, $50000000.00 on this to break. but then somebody comes along says, you know, if we drain the whole thing and build a swing, he resort. it could be worth $200000000.00. pace over. but at a deep level, if it comes even most self defeating because it trains people to own the sink of

nature in terms of the dollar value, it provides for human benefits and not just for human benefit, but for making profitable returns on an investment. and once you start to think of nature in that way, everything goes and in the wrong direction. there is a sizable contingent of people who will argue that to cub human is thursday as them today mastery over the natural world is to cub a very natural phenomenon. survival of the fittest. this process by which one organism through its inherent characteristics and through dunning adoption, at smarting and even hurting other organisms, dominate, so to them is fundamental to natural life. however, competition is only part of the picture. corporation and mutual benefit are also foundational to survival. the wood symbiosis comes from greek and means living

together. ecologists use the word to talk about a range of interactions between species. this power citizen, which is when one species benefits and the other is homed. commit to list them is where one benefits and the other is neither hummed nor helped. mutual listen is where all species involve, benefit from the interactions to the real secret of life. the one that is led to the richness of life on us today is new. truly beneficial symbiosis, if you walk in the forest, you see life just happening around you. what you're looking at primarily is mutually beneficial symbiosis, where for example, plants take energy from the sun and, and then they gave nutrition to animals around the animals and insects and help to disperse the seat. and then meanwhile, fungus takes that waste product and they use that as nutrition. but then they turn the nutrition back to the trees again, and they also help the trees communicate with other trees through them. my cries

will fumble network. hello, the whole ecosystem working together in harmony for this abundance, which is the results, not of one entity taking advantage of the raft, but each part has found a way to look out for its own flourishing. well helping the other parts of the system they wouldn't use, it would seem this rather than co existence. we need to co exist with nature with the animals, with the goods. all of these creatures we need to co exist together. we need to allow them to reach their full potential, then we need to look at them as they are reciprocating with what they do, you know, treat in terms of they setup the carbon dioxide and they produce oxygen like could you imagine what, what that would cost to build a system like that ceiling and he's a apps of pulling these as a gift to human beings and all we can do is destroy them. ready a prime example of humanity destruction of the very stain of survivor is rodney.

these ways, the largest living structure on it, the 25000000 year old, great barrier reef the, the goldsmiths, diverse in by older ecosystems, living risk for writing models of cooperation. as i spoke with each other, what they need in order to survive, we can think of coal rece as the equivalent of a tropical forest because they are the marine of coverage and that the vast amounts of bio diversity in the oceans correct around. total rates smile, which is who started carr riggs, probably most are almost any other biological researches are actually affected by this deep profound effect because of the very recess studying are dying as they study them. and, and the reason these research a bleaching is because of the higher a civic content of the ocean. and so it's

a virtual search and due to by the middle of this century, virtually every cover reef on the is going to be destroyed. is one of the greatest in normative for us to get our heads around. what we have done to the richness, the biodiversity of ocean life. what we have done to marine life, forest plants, animals, insects, there are those that hear this occupation of collective human responsibility and think, well, no, no, me, don't include me in this crime. now those who deny taking part in this mass, active destruction, either ignorance or wilfully blinds. yes, many of us were born into a way of life. we had no control and, furthermore, with surrounded by systems infinitely more powerful than us. but i don't like choices. do make us complicit to varying degrees, and the disruption of the natural was then as a group to want no responsibility for acre side. and that'd be absolutely. the climate crisis is this. everyone's faults, human in used climate change,

human and used climate change. human caused climate change, so we open talk about human and use climate change. but one of the problems of that is that lumps all human beings together and not all human beings are being equally responsible. and i think that's important. what that means is that responsibility for change goals largest on those countries, in the global nodes in europe, north america straight here. and so who have benefited from top and economies and what benefited from tripping down trees and building their societies based on that to often times, well look at this notion of they and focusing which is very powerful idea, which is recognition that humanity themselves are a powerful geologic forces nature, but by the same token, and many people have argued that it's a mistake to quote the intricacy because it gives a sense that all humans closed. but we have to recognize that in fact,

the devastation we're seeing on the us right now is this result. all is a global capitalist system. system say actually what is should be called this be capital. i've seen, it's lillian era brought about by capitalism, not an error. brought about by just humanity of uh, what is the meaning of phone life? all decision is to reduce the ultimate use for our children or grandchildren. i have children, i have grandchildren. i just don't want to face those beautiful eyes asking me and all those. what have you done this planet is a gift from god and our common home that we should leave it to our kids in better shape than we filed. there's a lot of tools on people at the top of power structures, enabling ecological devastation about children and future generations. well, we in this room work together, do the hard work together to gift our children and grandchildren and

improving natural worlds. it's a great line, it's personal, it sounds and see everything, books, kids, and it's hard to argue with. but then there are the actions authorized by these people. and it's hard to believe this any thinking about future generations happening at all. so i believe that human kind has colonized the future and particularly in the rich countries of the world, we treat the future like a distant colonial outpost where we can freely done ecological degradation and technological risk as if there was nobody there. but of course the are, and the problem is that those future generations on here to do anything about the destruction of that what it might sound audio, lipstick, fanciful, unreal to think meaningfully about future generations. but that's largely because of the world view shaped by the overwhelming forces of self interest and profit.

long term thinking is profoundly human and they have been many examples of it. let's take, for example, indigenous scripts who practice something known as 7th generation decision making. what choices are made based on how it will affect communities decades, if not hundreds of years into the future. in north america, in doing a showing a is the idea of making decisions based on the impacts looking 7 generations ahead . and that is a philosophy of deep ecological sewage in the silence. se, asia, they have a 2nd generation principle where they don't just look for some generations. but they also the back 7 generation as well to get away onto their ancestors in alto and using the mountie culture business concept called block pop up blocker. pop up is the idea of intergenerational connection. so this concept of 7 generations thinking has always been the now, you know, we'll use, we have a word regard and for garner garner uses the past the present and the

future into this moment. now in which you must think and act lovely for globally. we are dealing with complexity and so we need connected wisdom, and we even see that kind of long term sinking, coming out of europe during the middle ages, people and with bills cathedrals, and those who were putting the blueprints together or setting the foundations with know that you need to, they know, the children know the grandchildren, we live to see what they are actually preparing. so that's can also be sort of a procedural think, just a sense of realizing that you're part of something bigger. cathedral thinking can be found in many pioneering long term projects. for example, in wind energy and title image of the boat to think about when we re wilding the landscapes that we live in and trying to regenerate by diversity. it's not going to happen today or tomorrow,

but these project can sometimes take decade. so we need to, in a way, create the ecological cathedrals of the future. from australia to columbia, to buckets done uganda and the netherlands, young, active. this have been taking their governments to court for the legal right to a safe climate for current and future generations. in august 2023, the efforts received an inducement from an independent panel of experts that interprets united nations human rights for the committee on the rights of the child . in a 20 page summation, the committee said, all countries have a legal obligation to protect children from environmental degradation, including by regulating business enterprises and to allow that underage citizens to seek legal recourse. the committee's opinion is not legally binding and therefore impossible to enforce. nevertheless, it is a mock of in an indication that there's

a width of people who are not going to let this matter slide over the last few years. that has been a emergence of what i think it was time rebels in which young people and sometimes older people dedicated to something extraordinary, which is giving rights to future generations. for example, in the united states, there's an organization called our children's trust, which is suing the us, federal government, and also state governments. on behalf of 21 young people were campaigning to the legal right to a safe crime, unhealthy atmosphere, both current and future generations. we will continue to stand in our courts in our street and on the front lines of fossil fuel infrastructure. and so every pipeline has been shut down until we force the federal government to put in place climate recovery plans to ensure a healthy, just sustainable planning for our generation. and those to follow up recently in australia, the show on the case with group of young people to the minister for the environment to quote because they believed that she had

a fiduciary duty to uphold the opportunity for the generation access her cd is insurance, but they've been so disappointed because the quote at that time found that the minister did not have a judy of kit to ensure a young people having a generational equity, while the judgment didn't go away today. this case demonstrates that young people are determined to be. a on this issue, in other countries, they've been important legal victories. so for example, in the netherlands payments case put the agenda, which is between about holding the government to account, but not being fast enough with it's calvin reductions to be some of the legal cases in germany. in columbia, in pakistan, recently the supreme court ruled against expansion of the cement industry because of its disruption of the living. well. and they were actually quoting my book that i've written a good as this, the talking about. the problems have been to generation of justice looks that normally get quoted in legal cases, but it tells you something about the way that judges and the legal world is trying

to find the language in which to preserve the will to do what needs to be done. it's not just the rights of future generations of humans that's being fault for in court rooms over the past 2 decades as being a push the ecosystem protection through water cold nature writes the concept was formerly recognized at a national level for the 1st time in 2008 in equitable they called it the rights of patching. mama mother in 2017 groups representing full rivers sort. and in some instances one legal rights. the one going to leave with a new zealand. 3, i'll try to in columbia and the congo and human are rivers in india, in western australia or in 2016. and, and of course, the other indigenous leaders issue the fits roy river declaration. it recognizes the result, what is the regions most valuable? natural entities as a living incest will be with

a right to lot. the declaration also acknowledges traditional own is obligation to protect it with us for current and future generations. one of the things we want to push the batteries on in terms of legal for listen, is recognizing our end system, which can be a reba, can be a mountain. and we, you know, some of the leading system this conversation is starting to and the, some challenges that indigenous people in this country are putting up in terms of saying that these ridges are not just total wise. that produces lockheed homes live . it's a living system that holds living memory. i mean, this is a totally different world view. is the world view of the lee? not a will view of me. so when people and fight for the rights of living entities, what we're really talking about is, what is the r intrinsic foundational value system. and the idea of an ecological civilization would be this recognition that we need this very deep structural

transformation of our society. so that we're not looking at one group ex, watching the other as much as possible. i'm thinking that's okay. but looking at ways of which different groups of different specialties can bring, what they have to society as a whole and create a positive sum game. this is the final episode in a 10 pot series from the scam of carbon credits to plastic waste. ready optimism and the water by diversity crosses a sort to get to the bottom of why our response to the ecological crisis has been the way that it is. ready it's clear we need to build a more ecological reminded civilization. do i have hopes that this might happen? well, frankly, the question is the relevant because it's hopes and wishes made things happen. well, we wouldn't be in this situation. what i do know is we have little choice and if that's not a good action, nothing really around the world. there was a when this is willingness and there is intelligence. there are also huge systems

and intrinsic interest to push against. ready ready and if there's one force of nature that can make this push, it's humans if that sounds a little after the same, well, maybe it's a one time when it's valid. ready because it was us humans who caught ourselves here. we need to be the ones to get ourselves out. ready ready think of all human progress has. ready an edge from our capacity to imagine different futures and i like to find my positive feelings of the future in the present and things that i can see now that it may be not happening on a large scale, but they real impossible that makes it realistic and absolutely new types and it gives us something to aspire. when i really began to get a sense of the devastation going on, on the os around the, this kind of helps us much like, you know, what can i do? one person is this recognition that actually i pod, discreetly into connected self organized web of activities. and

so this is a really important con, now will be going have you wake up the consciousness of the people to bring the people with you? we have to be thinking of the way to do it up comenity and love it. how can all of these things come together so that we can have just as an equity, not just a human being upfront and non human family, because without them, we cannot survive the business story being spawn fancy with being sold. the notion that we just offset because and we generate this common offices, i think actually work with the same though. i mean we're sending the problem is, is next 0, just the couch rates. net 0 mission. and that's the right climate. highly re examine, submits and delusions in the struggle against climate breakdown. all hail the

planet episode want on algebra from says influence over many of its former african colonies may be in decline, but the remains of potency cannot make a culture for a flurry of articles across french speaking africa is kind of paintings. a change that just ears, investigative unit forensically uncovers a murky world of faith journalists false accounts and forced identities with links to state actors with vested interests, africa's ghost reporters coming soon. just at this clinic in jakarta and unusual birthday celebration is taking place. patients here has come to check their health for free, after receiving vouchers from the government on the books during the aim of the free and health check program is to detect chronic diseases which often go on treated in the early stages. p initiative also include mental health tests to

detect signs of depression, anxiety, and other conditions. the government says the program is intended to overcome what it sees as a culture of people only going to the doctor when they already the is wrong, cause power to evaluate. so the sound of nations, phones in goals which provides drinking water to more than 4000000 p for the hello. i'm sort of hired us and this is out there live from the hospital. so coming up syria's interior and government says it's determined to stop the recent outbreak of violence off the hundreds of people killed in crystal city.