continues in from the truth, the fact tag in the balance, he's going after the media in a way that's unprecedented. the narrative is being rewritten. he's choosing to amplify. when voices of silence agendas prevail, the tax on the press, our next, the part of a broader effort to suppress the story. systemic emissions lean control. what has this discussion looked like? you know, right wing and media circles again is for 50, is being labeled with the situation. the listening post decoding the media analysis era could sell. so don, slipping to another civil war, fighting in the northeast, is endangering already french all power sharing agreements with the war on getting a neighboring saddam with a new conflict himself. so don means the reach of this is inside, still the

hello again. jane space a front you all power sharing agreement and the world's youngest nation is being threatened by an upsurge in volumes south. so don's presidents, silva, curious as the army, is being attacked by all groups linked to his vice president grant shaw the 2 or on opposing sides of a 5 year civil war. before agreeing to rule together in 2018, the violence has been contained to the i'll put no state region unarmed group to control of the city of next year, and is exchanged heavy weapons file with government troops. it's unclear who started the fighting. a general is the one of those killed and un peacekeepers of also being attacked and the capital t, as all the troops to surround the shows home ministers and officials allied with him. i've also been detained. kit is from the think the ethnic group, my shaw is a new, a president has

a just the public to stay out of the fighting. his fee is grow, ethnic violence may escalate to you. i have said that our country will not go back. what they go, i didn't know who the south. so don has had a brief but to evident history. shortly after gaining independence of the country to send it into civil war. in 201-340-0000 people were killed. the conflict ended in 2018 with silva kit and request shaw entering into a power sharing agreement. under the deal, the 2 factions was supposed to merge into

a single national constitution was to be written and elections held. but none of those things have happened in recent years. the civil war a neighboring saddam has also bought more instability, sell sit on, all the exports have been completely halted off the major pipelines would disrupted the i will go to a panel of guests to discuss this further in a moment, but 1st let speak to nicholas hasten, he's the un, special representative for south sit down. he joins us for into, but thank you very much for joining us on inside story. a simple but very worrying . question for you. how close is south saddam to another civil war? the principal can say, hey, read this back 100, come great. we think would be catastrophic. entered searching the b rim admission to the conflict and the 2 civil wars they've had since their independence and thank

you live in and more to the region which has enough floors and grab a junior as your youth speed. as you know, better than anyone else, there are all sorts of political groupings in south through dawn. but there are 2 main factions, one linked to the president, one linked to the vice president who is to blame for the color color and breakdown . we would probably receive those warranties as being responsible for the escalation of changing. and we also offer you the apartment as the master and can you me and he knows we have been touring for discrimination the attention of course, no time during that if the attention weren't you purchased, it wouldn't begin this tension failure of the peace agreement which

currently has kept people mourners increase for the last 10 years. a new site for people in peace for about 10 years. but it's not a very pleasant life. for most people in south sit on and frankly humanitarian conditions without a fresh conflict, i'm pretty desperate on. but the legal furniture to the situation here is a perfect storm. you know, there was demonstrating trudge over a 1000000 people have come, have strong showing, but to contract into job that's the neighboring country. a, the, the is being rank finch inflection. there is real apology in the country to ensure the entering from the vice chunk of extensions, whether it has to deal brain damage issues such as making piece you refer to the hole in the north that devastating conflict in a suit. um, how much is this

a result of the spillover from that? because the oil from the pipeline was the main results, the main money coming into south saddam. and i've seen some analysts say that actually the corruption and the spoils from the oil was the glue that was keeping the country to go use the rushing from the electric water even use a to part of the show to go around the pressure version of conflict and the kid is something we believe the principal financial strain coders can do what and we get an order in a way, a new a. but a number library extension for some time been going up on the lead is to exercise restraint. central caught up on the phone numbers to exercise restraint for you all . i hope you don't mind me saying a veteran, un official, you've led you

n operations in iraq, afghanistan, somalia, you probably know a failed state. if you see one is south sit on a failed state. now let me come over to florida just straight because i would want to believe it as a potential to create and to to, to clearly conditions must ability and democracy is need is where to demonstrate the nation. should we need to ship required to, to ship and country in that direction and that would require the leaders to work together to both kinds of trust. there is a prerequisite for referring to peaceably, but those leaders have not done not. you have a peace agreement, supposedly since $22018.00, but coming out with the constitution coming up with the elections unifying the army

. none of those key things have happened during the last 7 years. and you have said to same man at the top of south to don who being the since the countries independence is a time for a new political generation. for these 2 men to step aside as well. i think we would have to going to be over the 2 people concerned. i think the country is or, or has to create the conditions and for the least the test to clear a exchange common purpose or something for that, for a combination good to, to magically try grease and to create into some direction of a new stage. you had a role in southern saddam before it was even south saddam. you weren't one of those involved in the mediation in the peace process that led up to independence in 2011

. those were exciting days as you look back and look with things have gone now. what is your reflection on how badly things have gone wrong? location too much. they've already had profound change. well disappointment because uh james, you remember? so i have to switch the the on the new chicago and was greeted and you know, she has failed to live up to the weight. sure. his name is and its back engine support is. vincent probably should have instructions on nicholas high, some special representative for the you and the secretary general and had a view admission in south saddam assigned to you for joining us. thank you. i as well, let's go now to our other guests today. joining us on the panel from nairobi,

i don't both. well, international crisis groups, project directive for the whole of africa. i'm from rome. we have now go out to the pool, who is south so so saucer done research at human rights watch. thank you both for talking to us. now, what can i start with you? you heard the you ends top now. i'm the head of the un mission on miss, which has about 14000 peacekeepers in the country saying his principal concern is civil war. he said they are on the precipice. do you believe that's the situation? and it's also known as the best base because the situation is nasir. you cannot be right in nice solution. there are many other trigger points, many other flesh points in the country. not there is just one of the latest that we have seen since the beginning of the year. um, what we are witnessing and nasir has had a devastating impact on civilians because since constructs the renewed in the

february, thousands of civilians slept at homes and are in desperate conditions without access to health, without food, without access to drinking water. and you know not ser, up another and much of thoughts done has to be facing if you went to the crisis into the color off break. so you've, this situation continues of the, the consequences for computers will be quite, quite dire and, but event then at the beginning in february we solve the use of chevy weapons. we are too heavy weaponry, wants a shelf and shooting stripes. the, the governor said it was a i o positions, but also civilian severe areas were worship. and i think about 10 serious were, were killed. and i think a un peacekeeping was injured in um, in the february. and also last week to us staffers along with many others, lost their lives. so no sir is just one issue right now, consults done,

but there are other areas of concern into doing western western be put to re away the last many weeks that have been cashed. as the have displaced thousands to be useful, the holes. there's also other areas including south and central equal to yeah. where the government has continued accounting such as to compete with the national salvation font, which is not potty to a piece deal. so there is significant concerns that this little flash point my need to, to this it is not handled well. if the, if there's no, if there's no disconnection, that consequences, especially in this situation where thoughts about has been moving from one emergency to another, in a very unstable region. dr. situation group escalate, supposed to be, it's all on the i good that just gave us a quite a good summary of the flash points around the country. in addition to that arrest

taking place in the capital, juba, you heard the, you and special representative nicholas heis. i'm saying both sides are responsible . how do you see it? who is responsible for the current spock in volumes? what do you mean the both sides themselves too down but um, as also mentioned your interview with, with he some of the other major players here is the ones who dan, um if you can call a player as well. so i think, you know me, this is power steering government in south sudan has always had a lot of problems. there's been ongoing tension. the 1st vice president who was previously the rebel, we are, we are going to charge, you know, he's surrounded by president tiers forces into bar, which is obviously a tense situation as it is. we have lots of escalation and various points within the past few years. i think what makes this time difference is the amount of pressure the war on sudan is putting on the political system on south sudan,

both in terms of a lost revenue, but also in terms of the conflict itself, which is now very much raging on south cdns. border and a very, very polarized regional environment in which you have some countries important one side, some countries the other. and it's just getting very difficult for solves to data, which is very fragile, very weak as all these visitors within it, it's getting, it's getting. but what we're, what we're really worried about is basically if you have a political crisis, you have a security crisis that this could merge with the warrants to dan and, and, and grow quite b. yeah. what can you take up that point about the war in the much bigger northern name? the seem to be 2 things that the, the, the double refugees. some had fled to saddam from south saddam that coming back again and other refugees coming from. so don and also the economy and the, the shutting down i'll see is no help pricing any way of the oil pipeline.

well, the 1st is because we have, 0 one be, and people that have fled uh, this is donald moore, the, to subsidize. and this since 2023 has really excited to be to it already has created a huge stress on this, you materials up to insults and on those who are coming to coming back to coming to subsidize majority. and so majority of the subsidies return these who have fled multiple times. this last house with offices done, and many of them had to feedback. but there are lots of also many cities who have lots of stops and on. and you and have multiple of the other products in the region . and so we're seeing that the conflicting institute on which human rights watch, you know, it has to be documenting since the beginning and human rights, which has been called for the protection of sympathy and mandates. as well as for the us evergreen joshua to be extended across the whole country. and so if the

conflict in saddam is not addressed and you know, so don, insulted on despite the separation, have continued to be attached at the hip because of many issues socially. but politically and economically, and so it is not a wild guess that as the continued as the conflict into the dog continues. and it also makes the boldest pores, the possibility of flowing between the 2 countries. very easy as well. so it creates a much more test situation, insulted on. and now what we're saying, you know, uh, what's also very concerning and you know, reminds us of events of 2013 in the future. thoughts of dogs. war is the rest or key or position the does. and that's right by the security service to continue this arrest. and so in spite of the fact that the president has actually called this arrest continue and the detection, all key does continues,

arbitrary detections, not charge due process. and then this in itself is, is a more important the island, i believe you were a journalist. 14 years ago, the time of independence and covered the situation in south saddam. i mean, it was a very big picture, wasn't it? at the time? this is a country with oil rich is it has a timber minerals. if it has a live stock, it can export what's gone wrong. well, you need more than oil revenue to build the country i would say. and in fact, having oil revenue when you haven't decided how to share that oil revenue or have any institutions to manage it, might that actually make the thing worse? so i think, you know, like you said, i was around at the time i tried asking a lot of these questions. um, uh saying, how were we so sir, this will go right. there is a lot of signs. it will go very wrongly. and what i found at the time is that

people basically had over confidence that we know how to build a nation that we know how to build a state. and i think some of that filter down to 1000 needs a lead. unfortunately, where they, where they felt like, you know, with the international support, they were going that uh, you know, that they didn't have to think too seriously about some of these matters include, you know, and in the meanwhile they just fell into civil war instead. and they basically have a scramble of sort of king of the hill scramble for controlling this, this oil revenue. and now many people call us out to be in the most corrupt country on the planet, which, which, you know, is what happens when you have a joint talk of oil money, no institutions, and no political settlement about how to the government, the country. so i think there's a lot of blaine to be shared among many. i also think frankly something like this probably wouldn't happen nowadays, where there's, you know, it was an error in which people still believed in nation building. and state buildings are to a degree that i think, you know now now is no longer there. a nag. well, if we look at the case,

of course, after independence, it's suggested on became a completely separate country. but there is, it seems a little bit of a sad symmetry between what has happened in saddam and south saddam certainly in, so dom a will that's tied very much to, to man, let me ask you about the situation in south dawn. how much does it come down to these 2 liters? well, given that they have dominated the political scene of the 2 and readers and all the, all the signatories to the peace deal, then not the only stakeholders to the p sacraments. we also forgot to forget the civil society. we've been leaders. a conduct makes over so the signing of these piece agreements and why we tend to focus on the 2 main principles who have shaped, you know, the political see, you know, south dog for, you know, since 2005 out of the tassels. yeah. john graham and there are also

other stakeholders getting hold of the african union in the u. n. e. got in various doing this and who are involved in this piece process takes about holding these processes to this individuals to account. but also about ensuring that such a, a mechanisms that have been put in place such as an undergo such as sections and travel bonds that the region, you know, implement some of these mechanisms that have been put in place. and that the, our process is to was ensuring accountability for the many horrendous for richard crime. so we have documented in many others have documented says country copy 2013 . so at the end of the day, yes, which are in kia, unprecedented kia uh, fox, but the are seem to be the, you know, the 2 people that hold much of the interest insults a dog,

but as many singles besides the active, this will, will tell you the country is bigger and the future belongs to many subsidies. yeah, good. just to be clear, the one that point you were making about crimes being committed and these being the 2 man who's being in charge and, and they've been puting against each other for so long. what's the position of human rights? what should these 2 men actually be? facing charges in because in human rights abuses, serious crimes have been committed said where there is command responsibility of individuals who are responsible for the serious crimes should be facing trials. and if there is evidence spinning up to the to top men in to do for crimes committed by that respect to false is then that should be accountability to what's the precedent as well as to what's vice president, the 1st vice president which are all and what's your view on these 2 leaders,

i mean, would you agree that the time is come from both to leave the stage, but the only way that might happen was if there was a deal that would lead to an election. and of course, there was a, there was a plan in 2018 that was supposed to even be elections at the end of last year. and this is a country that's never had elections a yeah, correct. uh, since it depended since 2011 south sudan has never managed to hold elections, i'd say the political donkey right now into but is no longer about elections. it's more about president kia and his succession. i think the general view is that there will probably not be elections, or at least your will probably not step down a while he is still alive. and so a lot of the jockey now i'm on the south region. political lead is basically what happens. you know what happens when a present here is no longer around,

essentially, and what that means for for react. i'm a char. so i mean, we might see a situation where these, you know, where, where these 2 men continue to hold sal sedan. um, you know, for as long as the hostage in a sense for as long as they can. but i will say, i mean, we talked about these 2 men, but they both hold together respective political coalitions. and even when they're gone and you know it's out to them is likely to still face many of the problems unless they can sit down and essentially do what they should have done before. and dependents would just sit down and have a proper national discussion about what power in the country looks like. what you know, how they restructure the country, how well revenue will be spent, etc. and they just didn't do that before their independence and no one meet them. now what you mentioned earlier on the international and regional actors in all of this. there are lots of them. mr. hastens united nations, the force. he leads 14000 peacekeepers. he has on the ground, you have the african union involved, you have the regional grouping. e got,

do you have the european union? you have what's known as the troika, which of the 3 countries that were involved from before the time of independence? know why the us and the u. k. has the international community got to accept some blame for the mass that is self. sit on absolutely. you know, as much as thoughts and these leaders, you know, uh, take, uh, you know, shoes. uh, get a lot of lean uh for the suffering that has been put on subsidies. there is a lot more that the reach an international community can do. and if you are to look back, of course, hindsight is a beautiful thing. but if you look back in the last 2 years that have been missteps as well. um, chief of which, you know, as human rights watch, we have been advocating for the establishment of a hybrid court that would, that would try investigate and try individuals who are responsible for the most serious of abuses. this costs, which back of the union has, you know,

talking it's the establishment has not been established dates. when you look at the regional ne bus, at the regional player, since a on sandburg was established in 2018, they have found ways to ensure you know, to, to, where this has been violated. including with, you know, the participation of regional access and regional plans will facilitate said, you know, the transfer of weapons and other issues as well. there's also calling things what the are of costs. we're seeing a flurry of each national and you know, we have to give credit as well the, the statements of being made a very strong statement, judging for the solution. that's a good step, but this needs to be sustained. and the key on that island, we've talked about international attention. one country that's pulling out its people from cuba, diplomats,

and others is the us. the us was one of the most in susie asked that countries in the creation of south to dom, yet the us under the trump administration, has all sorts of cots is the us doing what it should given the us is role throughout the early days of saddam is playing is part now. as you know, to us played a major role on south sedans, independence that i think, you know, most within the region and, and south to down. i mean, many, basically credited the us with securing south to dans independence and us as more or less washed his hands of south to day. and i would say for quite a number of years now, i think, you know, what was the end of the trump administration is an even greater a step back as well. so, i mean, you know, in terms of countries who are really still involved. busy down can make a difference. we're mostly looking at african states,

especially neighboring regional countries. kenya, ethiopia, south africa is still a major player when it comes to de, escalating this current crisis, trying to prevent the full out. so the words, it's those places as well as the ongoing un mission that people are going to be, are going to be looking at to, to try and help resolve this or at least mitigated. thank you very much and thank you to both all guess today and both well on the go to full and nicholas heisen who joined us earlier. if you didn't catch all of the conversation, no problem, you can watch it again. any time you want on our website, elgin 0 dot com. what should we discuss next time? your thoughts on suggestions of welcome go to a facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha, inside story. or use x or handle is at a inside story. i'll be back in this chat very soon to learn from you james space and all the team here in doha space safe and well bye for now. the,

a lot of the stories that we cover a highly complex. so it's very important that we make them as understandable as we can do as many people's as possible no matter how much they know about a given chrisy. so issue the smell of that is all over power. as long as you say, we're correspondence, that's what we strive to do in a world where discrimination is right, 5 women deal with as long as she looked at the image and she was like, you know, the toy of like a terrace though, like, slick, put into the servers look like challenging stereotypes. would that have scott as a source of strength, faith and identity? i am the 1st visit, the most them women to as a represent mattress, the city council, my, her job, my choice on al jazeera african stories from african perspectives. the museum, it is the menus to say mass email box and some people to short documentary use by

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