this is "bbc world news," and now live from london, "bbc world news." hello, and i'm geeta guru-murthy with "bbc world news." i'm top stories. turkey says more than 130,000 kurds have crossed the border from syria to stop advancing state militants. there are reports of ebola cases in sierra leone as a three-day halt-down comes to an end.

and thousands of students in hong kong start a week-long protest against beijing's rules for the election of the territory's chief executive. hello. turkey has closed most of its border crossings with syria after an influx of refugees escaping islamic state militants. turkey's deputy prime minister says more than 130,000 people, many from the predominantly kurdish town have kobane have crossed into turkey in the last few days. meanwhile, the banned kurdish group pkk has called for kurds in turkey and beyond to take on islamic state. the moves threaten a fragile peace plan between the pkk and turkey after decades of conflict

over kurdish autonomy in turkey. our correspondent reports from the border. >> reporter: the turkish authorities are beginning to close sections of the border, which had been opened last friday and saturday, and which saw tens of thousands syrian kurds crossing here into turkey, fleeing the city of kobane, a syrian border city and fleeing the advance of islamic state militants, who are very close indeed. some reports saying ten to 15 kilometers away from that city. they've come here into turkey and some of them staying with family, others being housed in municipal buildings like schools, which are very overcrowded and basic. when we were on the border yesterday, we saw serious clashes between the turkish authorities and some kurds here. tear gas, water cannons, stones thrown, against kurds who wanted to cross from here back into syria in order to join the fight against islamic state militants. turkey fears that. why? because it fears that they will join the kurdish militia in syria, which is allied to the

kurdish fighters here, who are still seen as a terrorist organization by turkey. and so turkey fears that a renewed kurdish militia on the other side of the border will try to join with kurdish fighters here and launch attacks here in turkey and shake a very fragile peace between turks and kurds. you can see that this onslaught of islamic state fighters is reawakening all these old hostilities between turks and kurds, which are coming to the surface as the i.s. fighters push on towards that border city of kobane. >> just for more on all this, so many questions. just first of all, the allegations about turkey effectively supporting i.s. and other militant groups, what do we know for sure on that? >> well, if you remember, almost a year ago, we were in pretty much the same border. we witnessed that night, it was a caravan of buses carrying some unknown people to syria, escorted by turkish military vehicles, locals at the time

told us they are jihadists supported by turkey and going through syria. i talked to many journalists, many people inside turkey. they said if turkey doesn't help them, they turn a blind eye on their movement. a few days later, british intelligence service, many international western country intelligence services say yes, turkey pretty much opened its border to the movement of jihadists coming from other countries going there. that's why local people, the kurdish population of turkey, are very angry and they strongly believe turkey is aiding the militants. >> so the people that are coming in across the border now, how much tension is that causing both because of the politics and the numbers? >> well, it's very dangerous for turkey. turkey has something around 20 million kurds and there's a peace process. if the kurdish population of turkey feel that, that turkey is aiding the islamist militants

and at the same time preventing kurdish volunteers across the border and go and help their brothers. because when we talk about kurdish in syria, pretty much a line, a railway divide them. it's pretty much attached together. they are from the same tribe, same sect in terms of religion, nationality, race. these people are strongly worried about their brothers and sisters inside syria. that's why this might cause problem for turkey. on the other hand, the islamic extremist, if they take over those regions, they might in the future pose a threat to turkey, because turkey is on the border with syria. >> so complex, isn't it? in terms of where we are with this sudden flow of numbers, is there a reason why we've had a sudden trigger in the last few days? >> i think if you look at kobane, it is a small town. it has been under siege in the past few months. i.s. militants really want to take this city. why? because kobane is cutting the

roads between halep and mecca. it is very strategic for i.s. militants. because if they take over the city, they could easily take their troops from one point to another point, fighting in one front and move them to other fronts and right now they have advanced and sophisticated weapons. they are using it against the kurds. so that's why they have been trying hard to capture this city. if they capture the city, there is a great boost for them and advantage in terms of military because these people could easily connect those areas, which is in their control together, and they could move their troops easily around anywhere they want. in iraq and syria. >> okay. we are going to have so many more questions to you in the coming days. thanks very much for now. the former british prime minister tony blair has said

sending in ground forces to fight islamic state militants shouldn't be ruled out. at the weekend, president obama repeated his promise that no american combat troops would be deployed against i.s., but mr. blair says the strategy might need to change. >> it means someone's boots on the ground, for sure. now, that can be the local fighters. so iraqi forces. the kurdish forces. they are people who may be able to do this. so that's why i'm not saying necessarily in the situation has to be the u.s. or the uk. but what i'm saying is if you look at the responses that we have, we're already giving significant help on the ground. we're already conducting air strikes. this is the broad alliance of nations. if necessary, we shouldn't rule out as this evolves and if it's necessary rule out the use of some particularly special force capabilities. my point, though, is very simple. all of our experience teaches us that unless you prepare to fight

these people on the ground, you're not going -- you may contain them, but you won't defeat them. >> tony blair, the former british prime minister. in other news today, the australian prime minister tony abbott has told parliament that australians fighting with extremist groups in syria and iraq will face lengthy jail terms if they return home. tough counterterrorism laws are being introduced, which will make it a crime for australian citizens to travel to any areas declared off-limits. last week, nearly 30 homes were raided as part of an anti-terror operation. fey's military ruler has been sworn in as prime minister. his fiji first party won an outright majority. five opposition parties say there were voting irregularities. now, the authorities in sierra leone say 150 new cases of ebola were reported during a

three-day curfew that ended at midnight low tall time. the lockdown allowed health workers to contact three quarters of all households and identify people who might have been affected. the end of the lockdown was greeted with wild celebrations. the numbers of cases estimated to have been identified has now gone up to quite a stark number, hasn't it? >> well, yes, except that i need to make a clarification. the emergency people are saying that more than 150 people called the toll-free line, and voluntarily submit themselves. they are confirmed that at least 56 people of that number have tested positive. the others await their results and a small number of them have been allowed to go, saying they are negative. so those figures have been put up, but they are tallying the

numbers. figures came in only at the second day of a three-day lockdown. it is expected to be put out later today. >> okay, well that just shows one area of complexity in identifying how big a problem everyone has got. but people have said -- we heard warnings last week that they think -- you know, the number of cases in the affected countries is just going to keep rising exponentially. has that lockdown done anything to stop that? >> no. the organizers say in fact the lockdown was organized in large parts to be sure that -- >> oh, i'm so sorry. i think we've lost that line to freetown. we will try and get him back if we can. but obviously, people are very happy that the lockdown has ended and we heard from him earlier actually saying that people did pretty much stick to it and it was a success in many regards. let's catch up now with some business news. jamie is here, and looking at these astonishing announcements coming out today.

>> it is extraordinary. most unexpected. but tesco -- this is some bad news for tesco. shares plunged 10% today after the world's second biggest retailer said it had overstated its forecast profit by about $400 million. the group said it announced its eternal inquiry and suspended four senior executives. pilots strike at air france. that's going to enter its second week on monday. the fate of air france is at stake, and pilots are protesting over the firm's plan to develop its budge etc. carrier where pilots are paid less. this week, we're going to be focusing on another aspect of how climate change affects our lives. in world business report, we're going to kick off a series of a report on how farmers in india use the latest technology to overcome challenges. massive challenge. the asia development bank warned that the impact of altered weather patterns could cause

huge damage to the indian economy. wiping off the equivalent of about 9% of gdp by next century. let's have a quick look at the markets. tesco really has a serious -- in fact, 10% fall. down 52 points, three quarters of 1%. dax, fairly quiet day. euro still looking a little bit weaker there at the 128.5. that's all for business. we're going to have more later, though. do stay with us. >> stay with us. much more to come here. yep, nasa is celebrating because the man on the spacecraft is now orbiting matt garza. looking for any evidence about how the planet lost its atmosphere. (vo) you are a business pro.

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this is "bbc world news." i'm geeta guru-murthy with the latest headlines for you. the u.n. says it is the largest refugee exodus from syria so far. 130,000 kurds have crossed the border into turkey. and reports of many more ebola cases detected in sierra leone, as a three-day lockdown to halt the spread of the virus comes to an end. to china now. at least two people have been killed and many more injured in a series of blasts. according to local reports, the explosions happened on sunday afternoon. xinjiang has experienced rising unrest in recent years. in hong kong, on a completely different area of tension, things are ratcheting up there because thousands of university students are boycotting classes to protest against the

government. they are angry about the government backtracking on its commitment to give hong kong more democracy. >> reporter: today, all the action is happening here. the chinese university of hong kong, the boycott of students at more than two dozen universities and tersery education. they're all meeting here just behind me at the university mall. the program has just started. you're listening now live to an assembly. in a few hours, there are going to be a number of public lectures delivered by professors and other public figures, and in the evening they'll be watching a film about civil disobedience movement in taiwan. that's the program for today. it will carry on for another four days, tomorrow, until friday. the programming will be brought

into the center of town. which is located just next to the main hong kong government complex. >> very different issue that is causing problems in xinjiang, but obviously the unrest in different areas will no doubt trouble the authorities. >> yes, of course. this is a completely different set of issues china faces here, but probably i think it's fair to say now the most important security issue the chinese state is facing, this rising tide of violence happening in xinjiang. the far western side of china bordering pakistan, afghanistan. and what we've had today is just this very brief official report saying that on sunday evening there were several explosions in this one county in the very center of xinjiang, luntai county. we've been able to contact one person in the area who heard at least one of those explosions,

who told us that he believed that there were more than the two deaths that had been officially reported. he said the area had been flooded with police, s.w.a.t. teams, that the area where the explosion happened had been sealed off and all schools in the area had been told to keep or prevent children from coming today, so no schools operating today, which indicates i think that something serious has happened there. but this is a sort of pattern we've seen increasingly, these acts of violence, explosions, knife attacks that have happened and very quickly, the police moving in to shut down areas, shut down communications, cut off the internet, cut off mobile phone messaging to try to limit any spread of information. >> jamie, do we have any idea as to whether, you know, what's going on is being affected by the regional position, ie is there other islamic influence coming into that area? what is going on? >> well, certainly, the official

position of the chinese government is that what we're seeing are radicalized extremists who are being insta gaited from abroad, so from islamic extremists abroad who are spreading their ideas into western china. many weegers dispute that. there is a radicalization happening. that is because of the progressive policies. preventing women from having vails. forcing people to comply with those sorts of rules, which then is generating all sorts of animosity locally. on the several trips i've made, those issues have always been there bubbling away.

and seem to have been playing into these tensions that are growing. certainly there is some radicalization, too. but what we've seen now over 200 deaths this year, so a very, very serious problem for the chinese state. from russia, the president vladimir putin has apparently discussed with his security council potential cooperation on fighting isis. that is according to the russian news agency quoting the kremlin spokesman saying that russia is looking at cooperating with other countries. they didn't say which other countries and which other partners on a plan to counter islamic state in the framework of international law. so, more on that as soon as we get it. the problem of extremism affects so many countries, and kenya has been marking one year since the westgate shopping mall attack by the somali islamist

group al shabab. the government initially named them. the president promised a full inquiry, but this still hasn't happened. the bbc looks now at the issues that continue to haunt the kenyan government. >> it was a saturday afternoon, and the busiest shopping mall in kenya was packed with over 1,500 people. suddenly, everything changed when gunman stormed the building. the unfolding horror turned this complex into a war zone that changed kenya forever. al shabab had brought its fight to the very heart of the country. one year later, the westgate mall remains closed to the public. however, there are plans to rebuild it. but some of those caught up in the killing spree are not too

enthusiastic about it reopening. this woman was attending a children's cooking competition on the rooftop of westgate when two gunmen walked up the ramp leading to the area and started shooting everyone in sight. she grabbed a boy's hand as they ran for their life. the gunman shot her twice on the back. >> i went down on to my side. i think he came across me, the little boy, and it's quite sad because he died in my arms. >> reporter: initially, a few police and members of the public tried to repel the attack. after a few hours, the government decided to send in the military. one of those involved in the operation who didn't want to be identified told us that's where things started to go wrong. >> the police think that they were undermanned. the military thought the police did not give them enough information.

so everything went wrong. >> reporter: the siege finally ended after four days when the military blew up part of the mall. the government quickly named attackers and claimed they were killed in the blast. but we've been told by kenya's lead pathologist who examined the remains that they still can't be identified. >> they shall not get away with their dispi their despicable acts. >> reporter: the president promised an inquiry, but to date, nothing has happened. in the subsequent investigation, the country's interior minister remains defiant. >> there's a lot of work that needs to be done to improve, but given the circumstances, we are happy they did what they did, but we definitely will go to see that being fine tuned further to make it more efficient. >> a year on, the government's response has done little to reassure kenyans that the security forces can keep them

safe under unanswered questions that have only heightened their concerns. >> terrible memories, obviously a year on from that westgate attack. now, a little bit of positive news, because a nasa spacecraft has gone into orbit around mars after a journey of more than 700 million kilometers. laura westbrook reports. >> ignition and liftoff. >> reporter: it's a journey that's taken ten months from liftoff last november, traveling more than 700 million kilometers through space. and with a final push from the thrusters, nasa's maiden spacecraft has finally reached its destination, mars. a war of approval from the engine room, as this $671 million journey finally paid off. the spacecraft is now in orbit around the red planet, where it

will remain for a year. it's the first mission devoted to studying the upper martian atmosphere. but why mars? this is what it looks like billions of years ago, much like us. scientists hope that by studying the planet's atmosphere, they can find out how it went from this to the dry barren planet it is now. by discovering how mars lost its water and atmosphere, they hope to learn more about how planets evolve and whether the same thing could one day happen to earth. nasa's curiosity rover is already exploring the planet's surface and digging below it, looking for clues of whether there was ever life on mars. maven will have some more company. india's first mission there seen here at liftoff last year. that's set to arrive just days later, as the country looks to join that select group that's reached the planet. all this interest in mars is

aimed at building up to another bigger objective. >> all our missions really add up to enabling us to figure out how humans will be able to go to mars, survive for long periods of time, colonize the planet literally over time. that's in our future. >> reporter: a future that's literally out of this world. laura westbrook, bbc news. back soon, see you then. for. asian debt that recognizes the shift in the global economy. you know, the kind that capitalizes on diversity across the credit spectrum and gets exposure to frontier and emerging markets. if you convert 4-quarter p/e of the s&p 500, its yield is doing a lot better... if you've had to become your own investment expert, maybe it's time for bny mellon, a different kind of wealth manager ...and black swans are unpredictable.

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our top stories, turkey says more than 130,000 kurds have crossed the border from syria to escape advancing islamic state militants. reports of many more ebola cases detected in sierra leone. a three-day lockdown to halt the spread of the virus comes to an end. you'll also hear from hong kong, where thousands of students have started a week-long protest against beijing's rules for electing the territory's chief executive.

and as world leaders gather in new york for a u.n. climate summit, campaigners calling for curbs on carbon emissions have swung into action across the world. hello. turkey has closed most of its border crossings with syria after an influx of refugees escaping islamic state militants. turkey's deputy prime minister says more than 130,000 people, mostly from the predominantly kurdish town of kobane, have crossed the border over into turkey in just the last few days. meanwhile, the banned kurdish group the pkk has called for kurds in turkey to go back into syria to take on islamic state. well, the moves threatening a fragile peace plan between the

pkk and turkey after decades of conflict over kurdish autonomy in turkey. carol told me about conditions on the border. >> we have seen in the last two to three days well over 100,000 people cross the border. it's the largest number of people to cross in that short period of time since the syrian emergency erupted three and a half years ago. currently in turkey, there are an estimated 1.35 million syrians. these arrivals come on top of those existing numbers. >> can you just tell us what sort of state these families are in, what are they saying to you? >> people are arriving very traumatized. they are so concerned about what the future will hold for them that they're trying to bring all of their belongings, even their

livestock. people report separation from family members and fleeing extreme circumstances. when they cross into turkey, they go through a series of checks. there are vaccinations given to the children if needed, registration takes place, and many people are being hosted with families. the turkish government is also building two new camps. unhcr is supporting them in that process. >> the unhcr spoke to me earlier. i'm joined now by a kurdish writer and researcher currently. thanks for joining us. what do you make first of all of what we've seen in the last few days? was that predictable? >> it was actually expected, because after isis attacking iraq and was stopped there by air strikes, they had to show their power in syria, and

actually the kurdish region has been trying to have a peaceful autonomous region in syria. and actually, it was a bit different model for the whole middle east and for syria and for turkey. and isis and also turkey wasn't happy with that process after syria -- managed to stay autonomous in syria. >> it's understandable from a turkish point of view that they will be very worried about potential strengthening of kurdish autonomy calls potentially. >> they have been worrying. as turkey came to issue about kurds, they are not that comfortable to show -- because we know that 850,000 refugees arrived in turkey from sunni arabs, and turkey welcomed them. they opened a place for them. they create huge refugee places. when it comes to kurds, they

always have a bit of concern about the issue. we know this from the '90s when people were escaping from the saddam regime. they didn't open the door for a long time. turkey, yes, they are not happy with what's going on in syria because the model they follow, which kurds in syria are usually close to pkk movement. pkk movement, we know they have a peace process with turkey as well. as you correctly mentioned, it's very fragile, this process. and just one part of the process, because they are talking with kurdish leader, who's in prison -- >> when we see these mass movements of people. when we see the chaos that islamic state is causing, causing all sorts of allegiances to reshape, what do you expect now to happen in the next few weeks, months? >> actually, i expect first international committees, they

should act very quickly to stop this human suffering. actually worse than what was going on in august in sinjar, in iraq. >> these are the live pictures. >> because around 200,000 people live there. so far, 60 villages have been captured by isis as well. all these people actually are in danger. we know what isis does suffer. they don't have any airlines. they don't have any help from anybody. they just rely on their own people. kurds from turkey, people close with that movement. london as well. they fight with them as well. because they don't have any help from anywhere else. >> you're saying people moving

to fight against i.s. many thanks indeed for joining us. thank you. let's move on to events in sierra leone, because the authorities there say 150 possible new cases of ebola have been reported during a three-day curfew that ended at midnight local time. officials say the lockdown allowed health workers to contact three quarters of all house holes and identify people who might have been infected. up to 70 bodies of ebola victims were buried. i spoke to our correspondent in the capital in freetown, he gave me more details about the increase in the number of cases of ebola. >> i need to make a quick clarification. the emergency center people are saying that more than 150 people called their toll-free line to voluntarily submit themselves. they have confirmed that at least 56 people of that number have tested positive. the others await their results. a small number of them have been

allowed to go saying they are negative. so those figures have been put out by them. but they are still tallying the numbers. they are studying yesterday's figures, which they are expected to put out later today. tens of thousands of students in hong kong have taken to the streets to protest against the chinese government. they're angry at beijing's plans to vet candidates ahead of hong kong's next leadership election in 2017. demonstrators say china is backing out of a commitment to give more democracy to the former british colony. carrie gracie has been speaking to protesters in hong kong. >> reporter: when hong kong returned to china in 1997, beijing promised that it would respect its way of life, and that meant the right to protest along with other freedoms. they also promised that by 2017, hong kong would get direct elections for its leadership. and the trouble is, that three weeks ago, beijing announced the rules for those elections and they don't like them. there's going to be a committee,

which will produce just two or three candidates, and they fear that means only the candidates beijing likes will get through. so what do they hope this protest will achieve? >> we are here to fight for our democracy, and to ask the government to give the democracy that they promised. >> i want my voice to be heard. i want voices of people who hold the same opinion as i do to be heard, and that is that we want the true democracy. we want genuine universal suffrage for hong kong. >> reporter: do you think this protest will change beijing's mind? >> i'm not sure, but we have to do something to fight for us. at least we do something first. >> reporter: campaigners say this student strike is just the beginning, that there's a wider campaign of civil disobedience coming, but beijing says it's not listening. they say western-style democracy would be bad for hong kong, create chaos, and that these protests are being stirred up by foreign governments who are determined not just to undermine the stability and prosperity of

hong kong, but who are trying to subvert china through this. >> carrie gracie reporting for us there. a survey where those protests are taking place has found that there is growing pessimism over the country's politics with beijing. the poll found that 21%, or one in five people, said they would consider leaving the city altogether due to the current political climate. but it also found that 46% of residents say they do not support occupy central, the group threatening there to stage the major protests in the city center. let's find out a bit more. raymond lee is with us. people are not apparently wanting to have this sort of all-out rift with beijing, but obviously some great -- one in five people saying they want to leave. that's quite a stark number, isn't it?

>> i think the hong kong political reform issue has effectively divided the former economy. a lot of people are actually trying to fight for their democracy against beijing. but then i think more people in hong kong are worrying about their future, because that actually wouldn't bring a good future for them. >> no. they don't want instability and rifts. >> absolutely. >> where do you think most moderate opinion is? what do most people want? >> i think it's difficult to find out, but then i would say by large, hong kong people are very pragmatic. they like making money. they like to have an easy life. so what we've seen right now is quite unusual from what we saw in hong kong in the past. so i think most people would say come on, can we work out a solution, which can appease the

democracy activists, but also beijing government as well. >> it is, of course, known that china does not brook much dissent in many areas. how worried are the authorities by what they're saying? >> i think in a way, i think for beijing, what they are worrying more not is about hong kong, but actually other places in china as well, because they are worrying once they set a precedent for full democracy in hong kong, maybe other places will follow in china. >> okay. thank you so much. we're going to take you back to these live pictures coming to us from the turkey-syria border. we've just seen a number of people fleeing. and you can see there a tank looking as though it's firing tear gas on people, or some sort of trucks coming across. we saw a lot of people in the shots earlier.

we know that turkey has closed most of the border crossings with syria to try to stop people fleeing from syria. but there are two crossings that they are allowing people to come through. and i think this is one of them. but we can see there is obviously quite a lot of problems. you can see and hear tear gas there. and a number of people still walking arn ining around. it's not clear what has triggered this latest firing of water cannon being shot out. but we know 130,000 people have come over the border, mostly from kobane, which is a kurdish town in syria. you can see and hear there the authorities on the turkish side of that border are clearly very worried. we know there's been a lot of tension, of course, because many people coming over are kurds. they feel the turkish government has, in fact, been supporting sunni militant groups, effectively supporting i.s.

the turkish government, of course, saying they are being very careful about protecting their borders also. worried about potential kurdish autonomy demands. there's a lot of regional complex politics going on, but what we're seeing is tension very much on the ground, tear gas and water cannon being fired. we will try to find out more to trigger all that in the next couple of moments. do stay with us here on "bbc world news." there is much more to come. we'll be hearing from rebels in myanmar on what they think it takes to achieve peace after 65 years of civil war and ethnic conflict. now, that's progressi.

this is "bbc world news." i'm geeta guru-murthy. the largest refugee exodus from

syria so far. 130,000 kurds have crossed the border into turkey to escape advancing islamic state militants. we've just seen some firing on the border by the authorities. clearly some tension on the ground. there are reports of many more cases of ebola in sierra leone as a three-day lockdown to halt the spread of the virus comes to an end. police here in london are facing criticism over one of the city's biggest missing persons cases in nearly a decade. 14-year-old alice gross went missing last month. the prime suspect is 41-year-old arnis zalcans who was previously jailed for stomping his wife to death in latvia. it's now emerged that london police only just made a formal request for information to latvian officials about his previous conviction. police say they are investigating racist abuse sent to the liverpool striker mario balotelli on twitter. the abuse came after he tweeted

man united l.o.l. during man united's shock 5-3 lost to lester on sunday. the former chairman of the english professional football association joins us now via web cam from york in the north of england. are you surprised by the twitter reaction to balotelli? >> good morning, geeta. no, i'm not. i'm shocked and appalled, as i'm sure the vast majority of people are, but i'm not surprised, because having worked in and around this issue in the game in england with the relevant authorities, you know, these ideas, these beliefs that these attitudes and behaviors, they are still prevalent in a minority of our communities. >> what can be done, if anything, to try and stop that sort of behavior on twitter or to close down the messages more quickly, and how do you think it affects overall the game amongst young people, especially, who follow all of this? >> well, to take the second question first, it's always a

terrible precedent, and a terrible example for us to set to our young aspirational -- not just footballers, but members of the community. you know, we want our children and the next generation to grow up with forward thinking, progressive attitudes where they know that inclusion is at the forefront of all that we do. well, what can be done to target these attitudes, these behaviors? what can be done by social media? my belief is that it shouldn't be left to secondary a intervention, when things like this are posted. twitter have absolved themselves of responsibility in tackling these issues and they don't have any kind of filters or reporting mechanisms that are adequate enough to deal with it. i'm encouraged that there is a

new social media program that has been liaisoned with kick it out in england. to offer those filters so the ideas and tweets of this nature cannot be posted is going to launch in november, and it's called kicker. and it's going to offer athletes the protection that they deserve and also members of the public so that we can show that these ideas and these attitudes will not be tolerated. >> okay, we will see what happens with that. clarke, many thanks for your time indeed. could an end be in sight to 65 years of civil war and ethnic conflict in myanmar? after three years of talks between the burmese government and 16 different armed groups, a nationwide cease-fire grumt could be close, but not everyone is keen to sign up. our correspondent went to meet one of the armed groups. he sent this special report.

>> reporter: to avoid the burmese army, this rebel camp is in one of the most remote parts of the jungle here in the northern part. in order to get there, you have to travel on the back of motorbikes along dirt tracks like this one, and then walk the final part into the camp. this is the training camp of the national liberation army, or tnla. like all of myanmar's minority ethnic groups, they have long wanted greater control over their own affairs. under a military dictatorship, that's a nonstarter. so for as long as anyone can remember, there have been burmese rebel uprisings. many of them decided to join up after tasting army brutality at

firsthand. >> translator: the tnla came to our village to carry out drug eradication and then the burmese army arrived and they fought. the villagers ran away and the burmese soldiers broke into our houses and took everything they could, even small amounts of money. >> reporter: the rebels are no saints themselves. they admit forcibly recruiting local villagers, and we see new fighters being trained who are clearly children, not men. over time, most of myanmar's ethnic conflicts have ground to a halt. but there are still regular clashes with the army near here. i'm told that in july, four rebels were killed and 28 soldiers. >> translator: when the old rebel group made a cease-fire agreement in 1991, nothing was formalized about what will happen next, so things dragged

on until the burmese army disbanded them in 2005. we fougrmed the tnla because we learned that each ethnic group needed its own army. >> reporter: ten, 11, 12. so this is 13 bags of opium. this table is covered with drugs that the rebels have confiscated in the last few months. the region is awash with opium and methamphetamine, and they blame both the burmese army and local michigan. this package of opium has split, so you can see a little bit inside. that's raw opium there oozing out. local people here eat that or smoke it or the whole package can be sold on to be processed to make heroin. ♪ the burmese government says the signing of a national cease-fire

will lead on to talks on a new federal system. they have heard it all before. they and myanmar's other armed groups still have to be convinced that the times really are achanging. jonah fisher, bbc news. now, on sunday, hundreds of thousands of people across the world took part in an international day of action on climate change. they'll be watching closely tomorrow as world leaders gather in new york. it all comes as the rockefeller community, or the rockefeller family, in fact, is set to announce that its multi-million-dollar philanthropic organization is to sell its investments in fossil fuel and reinvest in clean energy. our environment correspondent has been following events. his report does have some flash photography. >> reporter: is this leadership or desperation that carbon

emissions keep going up? the u.n. secretary-general ban ki-moon joining the climate change march in new york. alongside him, his new climate envoy the actor leonardo dicaprio. >> we are at a pivotal turning point. we are seeing the effects of rapid climate change happening every week in the news. so to be bestowed this honor, to be able to speak and have a public forum representing a concerned citizen about such an incredibly important issue, like i said, is not only humbling, but i hope to serve this position well. >> reporter: there were 2,000 protests worldwide. according to the organizers, the social media group. people urging their governments to protect the climate. >> i campaign on behalf of flood victims, and in my view, flooding is getting worse. more flooding, more regular flooding, more surface water

flooding and more deluge-like flooding. i'm not an academic or scientist. it's just i believe that flooding is getting worse and that's due to climate change. >> reporter: new research about the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide will offer little comfort. it shows that 2,000 billion tons of manmade co2 are already heating the atmosphere. emissions will break what's thought to be the safe limit in just 30 more years. but scientists say firms have already found enough coal, oil, and gas to badly endanger the climate. luckily, renewables are improving. the price of solar panels down a staggering 80% in recent years. a u.n. report says we can't afford to tackle climate change. some people want to delay action on cutting carbon emissions until scientists can be more certain about exactly what will happen with the future climate. these folks say they don't want to take that risk with the only planet we've got. roger harabin, bbc news, london.

>> we're just going to leave you with these live pictures from the turkey-syria border, where you can see what looks like t k turkish police. these are live shots and there are a number of refugees who have crossed over from syria. a lot of tension between those refugees and the turkish government, who they blame for supporting sunni militants in syria. you lower handicaps... and raise hopes. and you...rent from national. because only national lets you choose any car in the aisle... and go. you can even take a full-size or above, and still pay the mid-size price. (pro) nice drive. (vo) well played, business pro. well played. go national. go like a pro.

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hello. you're watching "gmt" on "bbc world news". i'm tim wilcox. our top stories. driven out of syria. tens of thousands of kurds attempt to cross the border into turkey to escape a massacre by islamic state. battle ready, struggling to cope with more than a million syrian refugees, turkey begins to close some of the crossings. these are the scenes live. downing books for democracy. students in hong kong begin a week of protests, pushing for greater control over who rules