a warning that four in every five young carers are not receiving the help they need from social services — according to the children's commissioner for england. this is often systematic support for vulnerable family members who may have mental illness or physical disabilities. voters in some parts of the country are to be asked to show id in pilot schemes — to try and counter electoral fraud. recovered from the black sea — the flight data recorded from the russian military aircraft which crashed, killing 92 people. the "prevent" anti—extremism programme is defended by leicestershire‘s chief constable — simon cole says the initiative described some of the criticism as "hysterical". also: tributes to the character actress, liz smith, who's died at the age of 95. the bafta winner played nana

in the royle family, amongst many roles. choreographer, sir matthew bourne, described her as a "true british legend." i will be looking back on the year which will shape the global economy for decades to come. we will be taking a look at what lies in store after the decision was taken to leave the eu, and the billionaire businessman donald trump wins the race for white house, he has made bold announcements but was it all talk and no action? stay tuned, that's all to come. the children's commissioner for england says the vast majority

of young carers receive no support from local authority social services. anne longfield says four out of five are "going under the radar". the local government association said funding cuts meant councils were being forced to make difficult decisions. helena lee reports. this is daniel, one of thousands of young carers in england. he's ten and lives with his mum, florella, who has a brain tumour. daniel is her main carer at home. when he's not at school, he helps around the house, but he constantly worries about his mum when he isn't there. i started becoming more responsible and i started doing the cleaning. started doing cooking better. i started paying more attention to what my mum was doing. then, because i wasn't around, i was always

worried about how she was. today's report by the children's commissioner found of the 160,000 young carers in england, just over 128,000 children aged 5—17 may not be known to local authorities. and councils identified 160 young carers in england who are under the age of five. this is often systematic support for vulnerable family members who may have mental illness or physical disabilities. they need to be able to flourish at school, they need to be able to enjoy childhood and grow up, whilst they're still offering the familial support that you would expect. the local government association says funding cuts to children's services means councils are being forced to make difficult decisions about what support they are able to provide.

but it says all young carers should receive an assessment to find out if they need help. helena lee, bbc news. let's speak to simon hatch. he's a spokesman for the charity, carers trust. hejoins us from our studio in cardiff. so an long field is saying four out of five young carers are not getting the support they need, are those the figures you recognise? absolutely, sadly they are because we recognise, possibly even worse than that. we know there are thousands of carers going without the support they need, very often because of the cuts that councils have faced over recent yea rs, councils have faced over recent years, and things are getting worse. is it the case that councils can't afford to do anything to help them although they simply don't know about them ? although they simply don't know about them? it's both. many of these young carers, as young as four 01’

five, of would recognise or identify themselves as carers. that can be a massive problem, young carers are being bullied at schools, missing out on crucial school time well. so carers trust have projects to help them. councils to try but they need to focus their efforts on this area for very vulnerable young people. what sort of thing today need to do? they need to carry out the assessments they are legally obliged to carry out and then link into local charities like carers trust at a local level to provide those services. it is difficult and we recognise the difficulties that have been described today but there is a lwa ys been described today but there is always more that can be done and more services that can be provided. we are talking about children here, some might say, should they be in a position where the council is relying on them to be carers that require support? wouldn't it be more

appropriate if that level of support was provided by somebody else, over 18 months for a start? of course, we will be highlighting exactly that in carers trust in about a month, will bea carers trust in about a month, will be a young carers awareness day. it's always better if children were receiving the support not providing it, but for many young carers, children and teenagers, they don't have any choice. this is something they do for love, but it's also incredibly difficult, it impacts on them every day. many thanks for joining us. england's chief nursing officer has urged the nhs to invest more in caring for people at home. jane cummings says money is being wasted on keeping elderly patients in hospital unnecessarily. she says reform is needed to make sure patients don't get caught between different parts of the system. let's speak to dr mike smith, a trustee of the patients' association. he joins us from south west london. thanks forjoining us. do you agree

with what is being said? entirely, yes i do. at the moment there are one in ten people sitting in hospital beds that don't need to be there. they are blocking places for others who do need to be there, for acute services. it's costing the best pa rt acute services. it's costing the best part of 1% of the nhs budget and it could be so much betterfor the life and health. there are figures to show that they get better quicker if they are in a place they are happy with, and in most cases, they are not in need of acute services. it does requires a bit would need a major reorganisation for pa rents would need a major reorganisation for parents to get the best care at home? there are places in the uk where it's working, and where it is working, its working well. health ca re working, its working well. health care professionals would be happy for themselves or their nearest and

dearest to be treated at these places because they are working better. if you look at the figures, in terms of health and also 0utlook, of life itself, the mortality figures, they are better, too. people are happy when this happens, that's where the majority of them wa nt to that's where the majority of them want to be, and so would the taxpayer be, because it's £3500 a week to keep somebody in hospital, if you are doing that when they don't need to be there, eating up the nhs budget, it's not good, in a variety of ways, not least life and health. sounds like it would require a cultural shift both for the nhs and patients, because it would seem that when patients do require treatment, their first thought is, i need to be in hospital, not at home. when its new treatment, i would ee, when its new treatment, i would agree, but when it's not acute, two out of five people who go to a&e,

illness doesn't keep office hours, the only way they can talk to a health care professional is to go to an a&e department and two out of five don't need to be there. they don't need treatment, theyjust get advice and home they go, and given instructions as to what to do next, whether to make an urgent appointment with the gp which can be assisted by the individual they speak to at a&e, that's one of the things that is happening at the moment. the profession as a whole, health care professional, is conservative with a small sea and change comes slowly, and general practice, as private run businesses, asa practice, as private run businesses, as a result they are not necessarily seen the overall picture in a way... i'm not being critical here, but in the way that they saw when the nhs was instigated. we are still tied to the system although it is changing, albeit slowly. what do you think of

future nhs model would not look like and how long would it take to get there? there is a five-year plan, nhs england are making great strides in the right direction, the plan has a complicated name but suffice to say that it is integration of the services required, those who need treatment, the two are so intertwined, and especially with an elderly population as we are fast becoming, for that reason alone, if that were to be hastened around the country, and there are places where it is in place now and working well, then there would be more assimilation between the groups which are regrettably into many insta nces, which are regrettably into many instances, still see themselves as private empires. that has to change, and will commit is the only way we're going to cope with the understandably increasing demand from an older population, and the taxpayer is going to be pleased when

it does because in fact, the budgets will be met in a good way. thank you. a senior police officer has defended the government's often—criticised anti—extremism programme known as prevent. the national union of teachers had called for the scheme to be scrapped. but simon cole, who is chief constable of leicestershire and one of those in charge of implementing the strategy, said some recent criticism had been ‘hysterical‘. voters will have to show proof of identity before being allowed to vote in a government pilot scheme to reduce electoral fraud. a number of councils in england, including birmingham and bradford, will trial the scheme at local elections in 2018. northern ireland already requires voters to show id before casting their ballot. a british man is in a critical condition in hospital in antigua after being shot in the head. 37—year—old christopher tester from torquay was injured during an attempted robbery at his parent's restaurant on christmas day.

he is being kept in an induced coma and friends have launched an appeal to fly him back to the uk for treatment. liz smith, the actor best known for playing nana in the sitcom the royle family, has died at the age of 95. a spokesperson for her family announced she passed away on christmas eve. peter ruddick has been looking back at her life. what is she? she's a vegetarian, nana. 0hhh! could you have some wafer thin ham? could she have wafer thin ham, barbara? no! 0hhh. from dotty nana norma speakman in the royle family to eccentric baker letitia cropley in the vicar of dibley, liz smith carved out a niche playing scatty but hilarious older ladies. it's chocolate spread! chocolate? yeah, yeah. you promise? yeah, yeah, yeah. yeah.

all right, i will. very...unusual taste. well, i put in a little something extra as well. she had been through a tough childhood, and an even tougher early career as a single mother of two with a series of part—time jobs. it was only when she was nearly 50 that she got her breakthrough after being offered a theatre role by mike leigh. it was like a wonderful realisation that at last i was being given a chance. it had come, it had come at last. she may have started late, but she made up for lost time with award—winning roles in tv and film, resulting in her being awarded the mbe in 2009. but it will be as nana, the queen of sheba, for which she will be most remembered. earlier, my colleaguejoanna gosling spoke to the director mike leigh,

who gave liz smith her breakthrough role in 1971 in his independent film bleak moments. the actors‘ directory, spotlight, everyone has a photo in it, and they would say, who is that dotty—looking woman with a funny face and the hat? i was a bit cautious at first, but when i met her, and she had acted for a while, she was actually demonstrating toys in hamleys and raising her kids. she was charming, a duck to water and a serious trooper. she came and did this great single scene in bleak moments, and she insisted on taking her teeth out, which became the focal point of the scene, and years later i was asked to do my first film for the bbc, hard labour, and i thought if anybody has got the wisdom, this woman is so

extraordinary, so unique, so unlike an actress, so special, that she should have a career, and the great thing is that she has, she did. and the fact that she had got to that age and hadn't done lots of acting enhanced the fact that she was just a very natural character. that's not really the case. she was a character actress. she never played herself. and she had this extraordinary face and a great sense of humour. so what was she like? how different was she on screen to what she was like off screen? she was a charming eccentric. she played the role of being an eccentric, but basically she was a serious, proper person. she was charming, generous to a fault. she loved cats, she had millions of them. she was great. and she was immensely talented

as a character actor. she said she owed everything to you because of you giving her that break. you know, show business is a fluky thing. there is somebody out there now who nobody will ever know about who is better than everybody else, and that is the way it goes. so as you watched her career blossoming through that later period of her life, what did you think? i am delighted, and you watch the royle family, and if ever there was a one—off, she was it. the headlines on bbc news: 8 out of 10 young carers are not receiving the help they need from social services according to the children's commissioner for england. voters in some parts of england will be asked to show id — under pilot schemes to curb electoral fraud.

russian crash investigators recover a flight data recorder from the military aircraft, which crashed into the black sea, killing 92 people. time now for a look at the sport. good morning. chelsea's smile is getting wider after clu b chelsea's smile is getting wider after club record 12th league winner which extended their lead to seven points. they were missing key players diego costa and ngolo kante, but they came through as 3—0 winners thanks to goals from pedro, eden hazard and a late own goal off steve cook. but can liverpool respond to that message? jurgen klopp's side can move into second and reduce the gap, if they beat stoke in today's only premier league game.

liverpool bossjurgen klopp is hoping his team and supporters are recharged after waiting an extra day for their christmas football. atmosphere changes everything. so hopefully all our supporters are recharged after the 25th and 26th, full of good food and in the best mood for this game. and, erm, give everything you can. stoke beat liverpool at anfield last january in the league cup but they don't have a great record at the ground, manager mark hughes says that doesn't weigh on his mind though. it took us 40 years to get a win there, so we hope it's not going to be as long next time. i don't think there is any pressure on us, we're going there with the intention of getting a positive result like we always do. we never go there with the intention of protecting what we have got. we always think at some point in the game we will have

opportunities so at about staying in the game and taking them when they come. it might be summer in australia, but the weather is not helping their cricketers take on pakistan in the second test in melbourne. 0pening batsman azhar ali scored an unbeaten century to lead pakistan to 310 for six as rain wiped out the entire middle session. australia's bowlers could only manage two wickets before the bad weather curtailed the day's play — azhar is 139 not out england batsman ian bell could only manage 21 runs for perth scorchers as they set sydney sixers a target of 131 in australia's big bash league. in reply his compatriot sam billings is currently on 39 runs with the sixers 48 for one after seven overs. england forward chris robshaw has withdrawn from the harlequins team to play gloucester today at twickenham due to injury. that's the only fixture in the premiership. in the pro12 there's an all welsh encounter as 0spreys play scarlets. that's all the sport for now.

russia's defence ministry says the first flight recorder from the area of the black sea where one of its military planes crashed on sunday has been found. a massive search operation has been continuing overnight for the bodies of the 92 victims, eleven of which have been found. sophia tran—thomson reports. day and night, search and rescue teams have not stopped on their mission to find the russian military plane which disappeared from air traffic radars on christmas morning. planes, helicopters, submersibles, around 40 ships and more than 3000 people, including 200 divers, are involved in the search. the plane disappeared from radar two minutes after taking off from sochi's adler airport, on sunday. the search area is a approximately 10.5 square kilometres, just off the coast, in the black

sea. several bodies have been recovered, but officials believe most are probably trapped inside the remains of the aircraft. translation: the team is currently carrying out a search using sonar that allows us to see the ocean floor as well as objects at the bottom. we also have 820 rescue workers who are visually scanning the surface of the water. several fragments of the plane, including fuselage and tail parts, have been found, however the black box, which could give investigators more of an idea why the plane crashed, is yet to be retrieved. translation: all found parts have been brought ashore and been handed over to the investigators. the search operation in the area of the plane crash has gone on for 24 hours with no breaks. during the day, one more body was found and recovered. on monday, a national day of mourning was declared.

church services have been held across russia, and in moscow a shrine has been set up which grows bigger by the hour. the russian government has said terrorism is not thought to be the likely cause of the crash and the focus is on pilot error or technical fault. but for the families of the 92 victims, which includejournalists, a doctor and dozens of musicians from the alexandrov ensemble, no explanation will bring their loved ones home. sophia tran—thomson, bbc news. you can see the memorial is growing there on the dock in sochi for the big tins of that russian plane crash in the back—seat. —— the victims. flowers being laid in a large number

for the 19 victims. the black box has been found, too. details have emerged of george michael's charity work, as tributes continue to pour in after his sudden death. he was found dead at home on christmas day. it's been revealed he'd worked undercover at a homeless shelter, and spent years donating money to organisations. let's cross to our correspondent emily unia — who's outside the singer's house in north london. yes, as you can see behind me, quite a large crowd is now gathered outside the singer's london home. people are coming here to lay flowers, light candles, some have been tying balloons to the gates of his home will stop people are just stopping for a moment and thinking about the singer they loved and admired. it's not just about the singer they loved and admired. it's notjust the great and

good, the celebrities tweeting their tribute to george michael, it's just ordinary people who remember loving his music, growing up with his music, remembering it being the first music they loved as teenagers, and they are completely heartbroken. along with them, it's these famous people who have sent in tribute, eltonjohn, i'm people who have sent in tribute, elton john, i'm in people who have sent in tribute, eltonjohn, i'm in deep shock, i have lost a beloved friend and brilliant artist. it is that generosity we are starting to understand more about now. picture is emerging of a very, generous, kind hearted singer. many thanks. the american astronomer vera rubin, one of the pioneering scientists who discovered compelling evidence of dark matter, has died — she was 88. she won numerous awards and honours for her groundbreaking work, although many questioned by she was never awarded a nobel prize. it was in the 1970s that she found evidence of dark matter in the universe. in 1993 she was awarded the us

national medal of science. astronomer and professor gerry gilmore from cambridge university joins me now by webcam. what would you say was vera rubin‘s greatest achievement? without doubt, she, through the second half of the 19705, she, through the second half of the 1970s, provided the supporting evidence that convinced the wider astronomical community that dark matter was associated with galaxies and immediately led to the realisation that dark matter created galaxies. to clarify your point about the nobel prize, she didn't discover that dark matter was associated with galaxy, that had been known a few years earlier, but there was always very clear and courageous, making clear that they made the discovery and she was following on the establishment. but what she did was show that the

speeds of stars and gas clouds change as you go away from the centre of a galaxy which means that there is dark matter there. there is a flat rotation curve, she was the one who produced the pictures of the inner parts of galaxies, showing that was the case, and this was com pletely that was the case, and this was completely conclusive to the community who could accept the is a terrific evidence. do you think she got the recognition she got at the time she was making these discoveries? at the time, most of the emphasis was on the radio astronomy. with hindsight, when we look back, we realise that what she was showing was the rotation curves are flat, the inner parts of galaxies where the stars dominate, the stars move around at the same speed as they do in the other parts of galaxies where the dark matter dominates so somehow the stars and dark matter balance each other out

very accurately. that wasn't understood at the time and it has since become even more mysterious so it's the real focus of modern research into dark matter properties. with hindsight, she was, as well as being ground—breaking, ahead of the time. she got pretty much every major honour going, so she is recognised and respected globally through the community for that major contribution. to what extent was part of the contribution the fact that she was a woman doing this in what was very much a man's world ? this in what was very much a man's world? that it's a critical thing, to use a hooded 16 phrase, she definitely broke the glass seizing. -- 2016 definitely broke the glass seizing. —— 2016 phrase. universities were very segregated in those days, anti—women, and the jewish very segregated in those days, anti—women, and thejewish people, anti—people of colour, she was able to come through because she worked ina to come through because she worked in a private institution, which is much more liberal and tolerant and

sensible than were the time. one of her greatest achievements, was as a role model. she showed that really te na nted role model. she showed that really tenanted scientist could succeed in spite of all the mccarthy list going on around her. many things are joining us. from gazing into the sky a little closer to home, here is the weather. you can gaze upwards and see some sunshine for a good part of england and wales, we have an area of high cloud which gave a glorious sunrise, that continues to swing in, towards the and central and southern england will stop a bit of cloud for western scotla nd will stop a bit of cloud for western scotland and northern ireland. the winds, a lot lighter than they have been. 0vernight, with the clear

skies, another cold night, a frost developing across england and wales, more in the way of cloud further north so perhaps staying frost free for a good chunk of northern ireland and scotland but mist and four could bea and scotland but mist and four could be a problem to take us on in the wednesday morning. for many areas, bright sunny spells coming through as we head the day, in the centring content which is climbing up to round about six to eight degrees but where the frog lingers, a good deal colder than that. this is bbc news. the headlines: the children's commissioner for england has said as many as four in five young carers are going "under the radar" and receive no support from local authority social services. voters in some parts of england are to be asked to provide proof divers find the flight data recorder

of the russian military airliner which crashed in the black sea on sunday. it's thought all 92 people on board died in the crash shortly after take off from sochi. a senior police officer has defended the government's prevent strategy as "fundamental" to countering radicalisation. leicestershire's chief constable simon coles said it was wrongly presented in "hysterical" terms as a spying operation. the actress, liz smith, best known as for her roles as mrs cropley in the vicar of dibley and as nana in the sitcom, the royle family, has died at the age of 95. now on bbc news, business live looks back at the big stories this year,