hello, i'm philippa thomas with a special programme on bbc news on the day donald trump is inaugurated as the 45th president of the united states. donald trump said he would make america a great again, pledging to end the "american carnage", as he put it, of social and economic woes. he described the country he inherits as ravaged by rusted—out factories, crime, gangs and drugs. in his inaugural address he addressed thousands of his supporters who travelled from across america to witness this moment. let's show you part of his inaugural speech. the oath of office that i ta ke speech. the oath of office that i take today is an oath to all americans. for many decades we have enriched industry at the expense of american industry, subsidise the

armies of other countries while for the very sad depletion of our military. we have defended other nations‘ borders, while refusing to defend our own. and spent trillions and trillions of dollars overseas while america's infrastructure has fallen into disrepair and decay. we have made other countries rich while the wealth, strength and confidence of our country has dissipated over the horizon. one by one, the factories shuttered and left our shores, without even a thought for the millions and millions of american workers that were left behind. the wealth of our middle—class has been ripped from

their homes and then redistributed all across the world. but that is the past, and now we are looking only to the future. that was donald trump talking about looking to the future as he rides into the future, his motorcade getting very close to the white house now. they are on the route of the inaugural parade, and the bbc‘s laura trevelyan is also there on the route. it might be raining now, but still a lot of support from donald trump's supporters? yes, there certainly is, and when he came down pennsylvania avenue behind me there were big cheers of "usa!", and also a few catcalls from the protesters, but he is now almost at the white house, got out of his car again, philip

are, of course, the showman and reality star of the apprentice could not resist the crowds, what he says gets him pumped up, and this is of course the ultimate crowd on pennsylvania avenue here as president donaldj pennsylvania avenue here as president donald j trump pennsylvania avenue here as president donald] trump make that journey from the nation's capitol to his home for the next four years, the white house, and it is quite an extraordinary culmination to what was the most unlikely campaign, philip. the businessmen with no political experience to set his hat ata political experience to set his hat at a white house run and succeeded —— philippa. he may have lost the political vote, sparring many of the protesters here today and many more of that will be here tomorrow for the women's march, but nevertheless he won under the system, under the rules, he won the electoral college, he won in those midwestern states that used to vote democratic, that

voted for barack obama and bill clinton, and he vanquished the woman who graciously turned out today with her husband bill clinton, hillary clinton, she turned out to sea donaldj clinton, she turned out to sea donald j trump sworn clinton, she turned out to sea donald] trump sworn in president of the usa, and for those people who so loyally supported him they have been telling me all day, philippa, that he can bring back theirjobs, stop what they see as unfair trade, but they also want him to unite the country, and that will be no easy task. and he did not in his inaugural address really reach out to those who did not vote for him, although other lunch afterwards he did make some more conciliatory remarks. laura, thank you. we will keep watching those live pictures of the presidential motorcade slowly making its way down pennsylvania avenue towards the white house. with me robert singh, professor of politics at burbank university. —— with me robert singh, professor of politics at burbank university.

picking up on laura's point, donald trump said he will build roads, highways, bridges, but his party, the republicans, they fight spending policy, they like small government. how will that work? they used to, and that will be the question going forward for the next weeks, months, and possibly years. how does he reconcile this populism, and he was a democrat until 2009, with the conservative beliefs, limited government, not traditionally in favour of these big infrastructure projects, which they vigorously opposed when obama and the democrats propose them, but they may no think this is the way to consolidate a majority going through the next four and possibly eight years. a real battle between principle and opportunism. thank you very much, robert. we will also bring in our correspondent james cook who i believe is with protesters seeing the other side of the story. what is happening where you are, james? just

in the last five or ten minutes the situation here in the centre of washington has escalated. we saw a limousine set ablaze and after that happened the police, who had hitherto been standing in a line on the street keeping an eye on protesters really, moved forward aggressively, firing tear gas, mainly at the media, i have to say, to clear the street back as they try to clear the street back as they try to get a fire engine in to put out that far in the limousine. i am trying to walk back up to show you the situation... the police have now been pushing people down the street, using tear gas, or some kind of gas, and also flashbacks to disperse the crowd. some of the protesters are wearing masks, and some of them have been responding by throwing bricks in the direction of the police. but as you can see, and i think we can just see the police trying to push

them back... shouting people with their hands up there. that is a tactic that has been used in response particularly to the killing of black people by the police here in the united states. if we work through this crowd, we can show you these things... we are watching what is happening through your camera, james. shouting: hours straight! studio: james cook is keeping an eye on the protest and i think possibly

not very far from where he was standing is the formal calm ceremonial parade —— shouting: our streets! and iv is now live pictures of donald trump? yes, these are live pictures, so donald and melania trump, the new president and first lady, they have got out of the motor caragain. kind of lady, they have got out of the motor car again. kind of a tale of two cities right in front of us, the larger crowds out there on the mall cheering on donald trump, but a sizeable number of protesters, and as laura trevelyan has been saying to us, it is expected tens of thousands, perhaps as many as 200,000, women and others, could arrive in washington tomorrow for protest march. they want to draw attention to the offensive remarks and behaviour of the man who has become the 45th president of the united states, and call him to account for things he has said and

done even on the campaign trail. again there will be quite a contrast with donald trump in the white house, beginning to sign executive orders and take action, tell the american people what he needs to do to make their country great again, and many people out on the streets saying they don't trust him, or pointing to the fact, in fact, as robert has done in the studio here, that hillary clinton won the popular vote. she did turn up at the congressional lunch and was there on the podium to see donald trump take the podium to see donald trump take the oath of office, a very bitter day for her but she was there with her husband. just looking at the pictures here we are showing our viewers, it is extraordinary, isn't it? outsider who remade, all that conventional wisdom about campaigns, and he could do the same about governing? they always say these

inaugurations are historic and sometimes you take that with a pinch of salt because you think actually nothing is going to change, but with this guy no one can predict what is coming. probably even he does not actually fully know what is coming, and all! actually fully know what is coming, and all i think we know for sure, as these scenes are shown, all of those divisions he exploited to get there, they predated him, but his election reflected and reinforce them, and he may have said he is going to bring unity but you can see quite clearly he has an awful lot to overcome to do that, and you think more likely it is just do that, and you think more likely it isjust going do that, and you think more likely it is just going to get worse. do that, and you think more likely it isjust going to get worse. let's quote what donald trump said in his inaugural speech. right at the end, he said whether we are black, brown or white we all bleed the same red blood of patriots. we salute the same flag and fill our hearts with the same dreams. it got a big cheer. it did, and he used a very strange

phrase i have never heard before, out of patriotism there is no prejudice. very curious. it seemed to be seeing, as long as you put america first and follow me, then everything will be ok —— seemed to be saying. that rather seems to contradict everything about american history and certainly the way he ran history and certainly the way he ran his campaign. he followed that up by saying, when america is united america is totally unstoppable, but i suppose united, in his image... when was america ever united behind each other? perhaps a brief period in the second world war and every other time it has been incredibly divided. i mentioned executive orders. would you explain to us what these are? he started signing them and making a difference to american government. absolutely. one of the worries about him is the size of american government now he presides over. if you cannot get congress to pass laws, presidents like obama and george w bush before him can still

issue orders to their own departments, education, energy the cia and so forth, to do things. it does not need congress to approve it, and that can make a whole large raft of changes. he is probably going to reverse, in a day, in a few hours, what obama did, through exactly the same process of executive orders over things like environmental protection, combating climate change, minimum wage, all sorts of issues like that. he can do it without actually getting congress to even pass a law. we will find out a lot more over the next few days about exactly what changes he will prioritise. just to focus on the day for now, one of the interesting points about today is that donald trump deliver the shortest inauguration speech since 1977. it was 70 minutes long, and he did use his address to paint a bleak picture of the state of the united states. at the centre of this moment

is a crucial conviction, that a nation exists to serve its citizens. and the crime, and the gangs, and the drugs that have stolen too many lives and robbed our country of so much on realised potential — this american carnage stops right here, and stops right now. so how did it compare with the inaugural speeches of the past? aaron kall is director of debate at michigan university — he's just published a detailed look at the inauguration speeches in the last a0 years. this is a short speech, perhaps easier to analyse. what struck you most? yes, exactly. the duration, when you compare it to his republican national convention speech that was one hour and 15 minutes, and! speech that was one hour and 15 minutes, and i think people were expecting a lot more optimism, but as you mentioned the tone was so

dark, and that phrase, american carnage, i think people expected it to be more forward looking and optimistic, but it was almost are repeat of that speech, just a little shorter. did it centre you like the authentic voice of donald trump, really written by him and not a speech writing team ? really written by him and not a speech writing team? it did, and i was sceptical of that when he said he was going to write it —— did it sound to you. you may not have written the whole thing, but i think it very much echoed the campaign, some of the previous rhetoric he has used. it was probably a collaborative effort but i think he was a big part of it, for sure. collaborative effort but i think he was a big part of it, for surelj was a big part of it, for surelj was just speaking to robert singh in the studio about how much he spoke or didn't speak about unity. he did say, "i am going to heal our divisions," but it was a negative speech in many ways? yes, he did speak about unity which is important andi speak about unity which is important and i think everyone understands its virtues, the country being a lot stronger that was the case, but he

was a bit short on details of how he would increase unity, and perhaps reach out to those people who did not support him in the election, did not support him in the election, did not really for an olive branch, so i think everyone agrees with that aim, but he was a little light on the details of how he would get the country united, and it is certainly very divided right now. another point we have been making here in the studio, perhaps if you paint a bleak picture to begin with, what was that english phrase? things can only get better? he is saying he will bring backjobs, reduce crime, stop factories from going abroad, you know, and he wants to say i am starting with a very difficult scenario? yes, he has benefited from low expectations during the entire campaign. he came in injune 2015 with just a 3% approval, bested 16 highly regarded opponents in the primary, then upset hillary clinton, so never underestimate him. it is good to have those low expectations and comment, but on the flip side he

does not want to make too broad promises, promising tens of millions ofjobs, promises, promising tens of millions of jobs, because promises, promising tens of millions ofjobs, because government works very slowly so he wants to make sure not to overpromise, because then evenif not to overpromise, because then even if he had some success he will not get as much credit as perhaps he should. aaron, you are near detroit. michigan voted for donald trump and was not really expected to. it is one of those rust belt states, if you like, that has really suffered, has lost a lot ofjobs. it is looking to him for practical results. it is, and it was no surprise in the speech that he mentioned detroit, and that was a major upset for him to carry this. not since george hw bush in 1988, and he won by a very narrow 10,000 votes, and outsourcing was a big pa rt votes, and outsourcing was a big part of his speech. he thinks he can bring some of thosejobs

some of those jobs back, some of thosejobs back, stop some of those jobs back, stop some of the corporations, the companies shipping jobs overseas, that he will be able to win re—election in four yea rs, be able to win re—election in four years, then that is a pretty good bet, if that is the case. aaron kall, thank you very much for speaking to us from michigan. robert singh, coming back to this, what donald trump can do to make america great again, he said we will buy american and higher american. great again, he said we will buy american and higheramerican. —— great again, he said we will buy american and higher american. —— and hire american. in government that is not easy. not easy at all, and it will be a real problem notjust ideologicalfor will be a real problem notjust ideological for conservatives, will be a real problem notjust ideologicalfor conservatives, but for business people. these are people who have relied for years and cheap and quite frankly illegal labour, with globalisation. and the precedent for following this route, hiring and firing, it will set up not just hiring and firing, it will set up notjust metaphorical wall, hiring and firing, it will set up not just metaphorical wall, but hiring and firing, it will set up notjust metaphorical wall, but a wall around america, and it will invite other nations, not least china, to do exactly the same, and this is just china, to do exactly the same, and this isjust a race china, to do exactly the same, and this is just a race to the bottom. if it goes through. we are showing

pictures now of mike pence, the new vice president. he is from indiana, another state, if you think of places like gary, indiana, where blue—collarjobs places like gary, indiana, where blue—collar jobs have places like gary, indiana, where blue—collarjobs have gone, a lot of suffering and loss of income, and both trump and pence really want to speak to this base, dubbed the? they do, but the blame and scapegoating thatis do, but the blame and scapegoating that is going on, other countries and businesses that invest abroad —— they really want to speak to this base, don't they? it is all about automation. he did not suggest reversing technology in this inaugural speech and unless he can square that circle there is going to bea square that circle there is going to be a real problem. as the last gentleman said, he has set the bar extraordinarily high for what he is trying to achieve, and there could bea trying to achieve, and there could be a really huge fall, nemesis follows hubris, generally, in politics, and he is setting up his

voters to be extraordinarily disappointed. we will continue on the theme of business and money. donald trump is one of the wealthiest presidents to enter the white house, with far—reaching business ties that have already raised questions about where his interests end and the country's begin. the one place that comes up a lot is the border — and his desire to bring jobs back to america. we heard more of that in his inauguration speech — have a listen. we've made other countries rich, while the wealth, strength and confidence of our country has dissipated over the horizon. one by one, the factories shuttered and left our shores without a thought for the millions and millions of american workers that were left behind. the wealth of our middle class has been ripped from their homes and then redistributed all

across the world. michelle fleury in new york. our business correspondent. quite a lot of radical stuff to chew on in that speech, but america first, that theme of economic protectionism, i suppose? well, it is that idea in the inauguration speech, that if you wa nt to the inauguration speech, that if you want to be patriotic, you should be protectionist, you should buy american, support american jobs, hire american people. we have certainly already seen that practice in terms of the tweets he has sent out, publicly chastising some american companies for plans to open mexican factories, for plans to tra nsfer mexican factories, for plans to transfer jobs overseas, and mexican factories, for plans to transferjobs overseas, and notably iam thinking transferjobs overseas, and notably i am thinking about the car company ford which then reversed a decision to open a car plant in mexico and said it would continue to invest in michigan. that was sort of one small taste of what we can expect from donald trump, and if you listen to

what his cabinet members or future cabinet members have been saying this week about trade during their confirmation hearings, you can expect them to be tough on trade deals, trying to renegotiate existing trade deals such as an agreement between canada and mexico and that is something we could hear about as soon as in the next few days. actually, michelle, you made me think of the new material up the white house website, and one of the big issues they are, they said trade deals working for all americans, we will withdraw from the transpacific partnership, we will demand a renegotiation of nafta. this is something that took years to put together. it took negotiators are very long time. they were hoping to try to get it done before the end of barack obama's presidency, working desperately to try to get it through congress before then. they failed. the reason they were in such a desperate rush is because they knew donald trump, but notjust donald

trump, also hillary clinton, on the campaign trail basically said they would walk back from the transpacific partnership, a trade deal between the usa and asia. what you're hearing here is this talk of trying to get a better deal for america, something donald trump has made very clear, that he wants to be tougher on the country's trading partners, but what that means in practice is going to be crucial. does it mean, for example, he will impose tariffs, as he has threatened in some instances, against china and mexico? there could be affected on global trade, what will that be? and what will that be for the global —— mean for the global economy? there isa mean for the global economy? there is a huge rethinking about whether or not global trade is good or not, and looking last week in davos, you had the chinese leader advancing the case for globalisation, but here in the usa cn, perhaps it is not so good and we want to focus on the american market. michelle in new

york, thank you so much. a final thought from you, rob. michelle speaking about the huge impact president trump could have on the rest of us? i think if anything the real worry about what is happening, you can do a lot more damage to the rest of the world and the international order than he can do at home, because at least at home congress, the courts, the public, they are still there to check him, but for the rest of us this is deeply worrying. robert singh, thank you very much for being with us year, you very much for being with us yea r, professor of you very much for being with us year, professor of politics at burbank university. we have taken you around the world, to mexico and so on, as well. we're looking at live pictures of mike pence and his wife walking down towards the white house. everybody getting ready to watch the parade go past the white house. then of course later in the there will be the inaugural ball. a lot more ceremony and a lot more partying to be done in washington.

we'll leave you with some of the sights and sounds from washington — on the day the billionaire businessman, property developer and reality tv star donald trump became president of the united states. and reality tv star donald trump became the 45th president of the united states. # oh, say can you see # by the dawn's early light, # what so proudly we hailed # at the twilights last gleaming? # who's broad stripes and bright stars # through the perilous fight # o'er the ramparts we watch... please, raise your right hand and repeat after me...

i will faithfully execute... the office of president of the united states. congratulations, mr president. fanfare # o'er the land of the free... from this day forward it is going to be only america first, america first. # and the home of the brave. #. hello. it has been a very settled week of weather. with very little rain, and actually the outlook for the next five or six days is very similar, but eventually by the end of the period we may start to see a

change. for this weekend, of the period we may start to see a change. forthis weekend, in of the period we may start to see a change. for this weekend, in the short term, it looks set to stay mainly dry, and cold, but there should be some good sunshine as we saw through the day on friday. this is conway in the foothills of snowdonia, but although the sunshine was more abundant there were still some cloudy weather and here you can see in east lothian some cloud —— co nwy see in east lothian some cloud —— conwy in the foothills of snowdonia. it looks like the frost will be much more widespread on saturday morning. these figures as you can denote a harsh frost. there could be some fog in eastern england, parts of northern ireland and northern scotland. that will be a continuing trend, more fog through the coming nights, but again it looks much sunnier in the likes of southern scotland, and in northern ireland. workload in the south and west and for eastern parts of england where there could be the odd drizzly shower. a little small for the pennines, so it will not be warm. temperatures lower than last week

and that trend continues into sunday which unbalanced looks a little cloudier than saturday because you have this week front into eastern areas, a few wintry flow easier. cloud pestering western england and wales but still dry and foremost still bright, but just wales but still dry and foremost still bright, butjust called. little changes on monday. if anything, monday and tuesday will suffer more with thick fog patches —— butjust cold. just the sign of a bit more breeze picking up towards the north and west and on tuesday this front does make an attempt to coming to the north—west of the uk. the first one, if you like, to try to break down our static high pressure. we could see some patchy rain, stronger winds and milder pressure. we could see some patchy rain, strongerwinds and milderair into the north and west but of course it is coming into the cold air, so still expect some snow over the hills. then that fizzles out into wednesday, and back to the high—pressure still, but

more isobars, some whirlwind, more tightly packed isoba rs. more isobars, some whirlwind, more tightly packed isobars. probably from midweek on not as many fog problems for most but still cold in central in eastern areas, particularly with the cloud, and a lwa ys particularly with the cloud, and always the threat of stronger winds, severe gales into the west, and the rain. those fronts are advancing in on thursday as well so we will a lwa ys on thursday as well so we will always have that risk for the west of scotla nd always have that risk for the west of scotland and ireland, rain as the week progresses. but temperatures are recovering a little, seven or eight degrees celsius. throughout this week we have had the static high—pressure, that really harsh continental air, feeling the effect the little. nowhere near as cold as across continental europe but gradually this weekend the temperature will get down. that high—pressure does not want to move away so it will take a succession of low pressures throughout the coming week to move eastwards and allow those fronts to cross the uk. as i say, it will take time. that high—pressure is quite established and will stay established through the most part of next week, particularly south and east. as the atla ntic particularly south and east. as the atlantic winds eventually pushing one after the other, just nibbling away at that high—pressure area,

temperatures as we saw will start to recover, so by next weekend that is as if it might well be windier for all of us with rain pushing southward and eastwards, but again there is still a question whether there is still a question whether the south or east will stay with high—pressure or will stay quite dry and settled. that i will faithfully execute. the office of president of the united states. donald trump takes his oath of office and is now the 45th president of the united states.

hundreds of thousands of people gather to watch the ceremony in which mr trump vows to create a new america. from this day forward, a new vision will govern our land. from this day forward it's going to be only america first. among mr trump's supporters who gathered to watch, it's a day that signals a real change.