this is bbc news. i'm lukwesa burak. the headlines at eight. ordered to leave their homes as tropical storm harvey continues to [ash the us state of texas, thousands have been rescued, including residents in a care home. she said within ten to 15 minutes the water went from ankle high to waist height. so, immediately they we re waist height. so, immediately they were underwater and floating. another round of brexit talks get under way in brussels — as britain asks for ‘flexibility and imagination‘. we want to lock in the points where we agree, on pick the areas where we disagree... to do that we require flexibility and imagination from both sides. german prosecutors say a nurse who is serving a life sentence for murdering 2 patients, may have killed 84 others. and sizzling sun and sensational sounds — it can only be the notting hill carnival. good evening and

welcome to bbc news. thousands of people been rescued in and around the us city of houston — as waters continue to rise in the wake of hurricane harvey. the area's expected to have received a year's rainfall within a week. the flooding is described as ‘catastrophic‘ in texas and is expected to worsen. there are fears for neighbouring louisiana. the texas governor has updated reporters on the rescue efforts. let's listen. we have a terrific meeting with local leaders including

cou nty meeting with local leaders including countyjudges, meeting with local leaders including county judges, manners, members meeting with local leaders including countyjudges, manners, members of congress, members of the state legislature, texas house and senate. some intermission music here... laughter texas tribute. i love the pause, oh, lord why is this happening. a great exchange learning about what they need and about what both the texans and the federal woman can do to address their needs but also focusing on their response. i have got to tell you, the way that the leaders of the coast, of the great state of texas responded this horrific colic pain is immeasurable,

pelagius and heroic. —— this horrific holiday and is immeasurable, courageous and heroic. and wait for but the way they could evacuate so and wait for but the way they could evacuate so many and wait for but the way they could evacuate so many people and minimise the loss of life. the most important thing we have is our lives. to be able to get through this don the way we did and saved so many lives is nothing short than remarkable. at the end of our meeting i was called away by a call from the president of the united states and he asked me to pass on to these local leaders his gratitude and how impressed he was with the way they responded to be horror came. thank you all very much for your all unparalleled leadership. a big round of applause for these leaders. applause

. there is a reality we have to come to grips with and that is we are just beginning the process of responding to this storm. we are still involved in the search and rescue still involved in the search and rescu e process , still involved in the search and rescue process, our number one goal from corpus christi all the way to east of houston is bill protecting and preserving life and rescuing every person that we can find. our second goal is to ensure that our fellow texa ns second goal is to ensure that our fellow texans have access the necessities food, water, supplies, and power. during our meeting we we re and power. during our meeting we were able to get confirmation that power is in the process of being restored in areas that desperately needed. these are the early stages it still may be a day or two but the point is that there are responses

that are taking place very swiftly. we understand that one of the biggest needs is taking care of those power outages, without the power you have a hard time functioning and so we are pressing forward constantly to make sure that the power is restored. we want to also ensure that the basics of food and water will be provided to eve ryo ne and water will be provided to everyone who needs it, we have points of distribution that are set up points of distribution that are set up in every county and the county judge leaders in that county will be in charge of all the points of distribution but that county to ensure that the water and food we are providing will reach every citizen who needs it. we also know that there are other needs, i had specifically about growing need for porter parties, i was told to tell you that they will be arriving

tomorrow. we are so proud to see that the water supplied the corpus christi is either bat or ball running and surely will be —— is either back up and running or shortly will be. i know we have worked with corpus christi and other providers to make sure that can happen as quickly as possible. we are still involved in search and rescue missions. we are grateful in those locations as well as elsewhere for all that walmart and other companies are doing. so, there is much to do in those areas and those arejust much to do in those areas and those are just the immediate steps. this isa are just the immediate steps. this is a place that texas will be involved in for a long time. we will

be here until we can restore this region. as back to normal as possible. or as we discussed at a meeting area, we need to recognise it will be a new normal, and new and different normal but this entire region. but, we will not stop until we get as far as we can. i want to provide some important details and then pass the microphone to sandra and then to the national administrator. and i want to explain administrator. and i want to explain a couple of details that citizens need to know about. as governor, i have made a state disaster declaration for 5h counties across the state of texas. in order for a disaster declaration to become a federal disaster declaration it requires certain financial

thresholds to be met. those thresholds to be met. those thresholds have been met in 18 counties, there are 18 counties in this state made a federal disaster declaration or that the president has granted. with that presidential grant triggers the involvement of fema, because there are a lot of people in your viewing area who may not know if they are an the federal disaster declaration left. i would like to read these counties out you... the county, some patricia year.. calhoun, chambers, jackson, liberty,

victoria and wharton. those are the counties that currently qualify for a federal disaster declaration. depending upon what is lined in weeks and days going forward there may be more counties added to that list. the reason why this is important is because if a county is an the federal disaster declaration list there will be an abundance of resources that come from the federal government to aid people in those counties. i want to provide you an address on the website that hopefully you will hate everybody speak about because this needs to be every person's go to location and the internet. it is... disaster assistance. gov and this is the

national team administrator who will be re—emphasising that in coming few more about it. i brought it up because everyone needs to know about it because there are people out there who are desperately trying to get, let's say the funds they need to stay in a hotel because they have no place to reside. one of the places you can go is to the website. brock will explain more about ways in which people can access the assistance they need but i want to provide that to you now. i will be happy to in moments to participate in question and answer but at this timei in question and answer but at this time i would like to turn it over to senatorjohn cornet. thank you for inviting me tojoin you here senatorjohn cornet. thank you for inviting me to join you here today andl inviting me to join you here today and i want tojoin you in echoing

the incredible leadership. wang that was the governor of texas bed just updating —— was the governor of texas bed just updating -- that was the governor of texas. some of the residents are suffering more than others. on the line we have the news editor of a radio in houston. how are things the back? we are doing as well as can be expected at this stage. did you catch any of that news conference, what did you make of it? it is interesting he says that they are only just interesting he says that they are onlyjust beginning to respond to the storm. what that means you?- being part of their is that one of the lessons we learn from horror came to mean bury katrina is that —— what we learned from hurricane titch arena is that there is a process before people come in and try to

ta ke before people come in and try to take over. on top of that we are dealing with the different storm here. under normal circumstances with a regular run—of—the—mill hurricane you deal with preparations, landfall and you deal with the contrary and resupply. the problem with harvey is that we dealt with preparation, we dealt with la ndfall with preparation, we dealt with landfall and yet here we are four days after its initial run all still dealing with landfall. because the storm has although wavering but the most pa rt storm has although wavering but the most part it is sitting right there on the coast about to make a second landfall. and so we're still sitting here under heavy rain and winds and it is very hard to get disaster recovery tea ms it is very hard to get disaster recovery teams in here when the storm is dug on. i want to hear what is it mean to you as a resident or a

town when you hear that theme is going to be the ground? town when you hear that theme is going to be the ground7|j town when you hear that theme is going to be the ground? i guess there's a certain amount of reassurance because, i'm not only covering the story as a journalist but i am also part of the story because the first time in my lifetime suffering damage from one these storms. my wife had to evacuate our home last night and i understand that the river near our houseis understand that the river near our house is expected to crest at an all—time record level tonight or tomorrow. so, i'm reasonably assured that i will not have a home to return to. of course, after you deal with the emotional effects of losing your life that way, now you have do go about looking how do i go about putting the pieces back together and so it is nice to know that that type ofa so it is nice to know that that type of a resort ‘s, i was writing down

the website the governor said about soi the website the governor said about so i can access those we sources. until we can get in shawlands, our insurance recovery. view was talking about a new normal, wasn't he? in terms of your wife evacuating, why is she any evacuating now? we had watched the ball past and we had had record flooding last year —— we had watched the forecast. an all—time record for the river west of our house when we got some water in my ya rd house when we got some water in my yard but my home itself was never really threatened. what happened was as we're watching the forecast as recently as yesterday morning we we re recently as yesterday morning we were expecting the river to crest at under last year's record, i about mid afternoon yesterday they changed the forecast and at that point we realised that the new record is

forecast to be exceeding the old record by five feet. so, at that point we realised we were almost definitely going to get water in the house. that is when she packed the bike, grabbed our cat and headed for a hotel. county drive there, can she worked there, can she swim there? —— can she drive there, can she walked there. we went to a great deal of, you have to understand part of the jet the accused and we are low—lying area to begin with. —— you have to understand the geography of houston. it isa understand the geography of houston. it is a question of being able to find the proper red waves to elevate enough i had to be able to evacuate. —— the proper road waves. that was pa rt —— the proper road waves. that was part of the logistics of getting her out of the house and a few miles

down the road into a hotel room where she is going to be able to wait out the remainder of the storm. do you think and other information is getting out of residents? i've beenin is getting out of residents? i've been in the business, long enough to know that you cannot know everything, you don't know everything, you don't know everything in an immediate form. it is simply not out by. sometimes you have to wait for developments before you know what information it is that you know what information it is that you can convey how it is to go about using that information. do you think thatis using that information. do you think that is why there is this feeling that is why there is this feeling that the bodies underestimated wahabi would do to houston and taxes? i'm not trying to sound like at defender but anyone, by the same token i am a fan man i realised that none of these officials owns a crystal ball. we were looking at the

forecast and we were not expecting my home to be threatened as recently as yesterday morning but by yesterday afternoon it was a different story. what do you think of the biggest chances right now for the residents, trying to find somewhere safe, to know where to go to? part of their is bat and partly it will be the sheer scope of the disaster, the magnitude of it. i have been holed up in a hotel since friday because, since this is my job, i have to be available about school hours and what i have noticed is every time i go the hotel rb the place is gradually filling up with eva cu ees place is gradually filling up with evacuees and others who are searching for a dry place to stay. —— every time i go to the hotel lobby. now the hotels are filling up and againi lobby. now the hotels are filling up and again i get back to the sheer

magnitude of the disaster, there are several shelters that are available that can house tens of thousands of people but in terms of physically leaving the area of the scope of the storm, the magnitude of their is so great that there is no place to go. john, we will leave it there for now. news editor based in houston. donald trump is expected to visit to marrow and we are hearing the governor of texas has indicated that mexico has offered assistance to texas following tropical tort blue storm harvey. and we'll find out how this story — and many others — are covered in tomorrow's front pages. at 10:40 this evening in the papers — our guestsjoining me tonight are john crowley, managing editor of newsweek media group and the broadcaster lynn faulds wood. the headlines on bbc news:

the governor of texas has said that 18 counties will be assisted by a federal government entity programme of health. the authorities in houston have warned that the severe flooding that has forced thousands of people from their homes is likely to worsen. the brexit secretary and british government officials are in brussels for the latest round of negotiations. david davis says that he wants the eu to show more flexibility and imagination. a lorry driver has been remanded in custody in connection with saturday's minibus crash on the m1. he was charged with 20 counts of dangerous driving and drink—driving. sport and bar poll round—up we will turn around and say a warm evening

tojohn. england will look to bowl out the west indies tomorrow to seure victory in the second test at ehadingley. —— at headingley. in an intriguing day's play today, england built a lead of over 300 runs, before declaring in the final session.. patrick gearey reports. this is the only thing you will get free in yorkshire. runs... england have spent a long time waiting, straightaway on sunday morning it was buy one get one free. the fastball shai hope 147 next bull ba rrett‘s fastball shai hope 147 next bull barrett's phenom. junior anderson jasprit bumrah blundered. the main blackwood nearly threw himself in with ingram's dell, straighter moeen ali. oh, no, marrow. jason holder help oppose but by the time bowled out his team held a lead of 169. a figure that england must borrow that

required concentration at the cost of stimulation rather than that then the alarm call which doctored alastair cook from the crease. tom westley yet to convince made eight. mark stoneman had fought hard than 50 but not much she could do with this one. england where again reliant on joe this one. england where again reliant onjoe root himself was reminded of fortune dropped, reprieve, survived but at headingley it can fall apart without warning. it was a nice time to go out bat, they were pretty tired and we just cou ntera cted they were pretty tired and we just counteracted little bit and ifelt ta ke counteracted little bit and ifelt take them off, almost. there was a bit of spin but it was just nice. it was good today. she is finding it tough going in the

second set and has had to say the series of break points. heather watson though is out, her poor run at flushing meadows coontinues. she's never won a match at the us open, knocked out in the first round by alize cornet. despite winning the junior tournament in 2009, the british number two lost her first round match for the seventh successive year 6—4, 6—4 it finished. in the absence of andy murray, kyle edmund is the highest ranked british man in the tournament, and he's safely through to the second round. he beat the 32nd seed robin haase in straight sets. the second set was by far the toughest for the 22 —year—old, who reached the fourth round last year.. he went on to take the match in just under two hours and will play stevejohnson of the united states next. british youngster cameron norrie, who's ranked outside the world's top 200, beat dmitry tursonov after the russian retired through injury in the third set. norrie, from fort william,

who came through three rounds of qualifying, was leading by two sets to love at the time. with the football transfer window closing in three days' time — clubs are finalising deals. liverpool have agreed a club—record fee to sign leipzig midfielder naby keita, with the player officially joining on 1july 2018. the reds have agreed to pay the £48 million release clause that will allow him to move next summer. the fee will easily surpass the £36 million pounds liverpool spent on mo salah this summer. hearts have appointed craig levein as their new manager to replace ian cathro who was sacked before the start of the premiership season levein, the former scotland manager, was the director of football at tynecastle. hearts have lost twice and won once in the league under caretaker boss jon daly who will remain at the club as a coach. that's all sport for now. i'll have more in the next hour the brexit secretary and british government officials have arrived in brussels for the latest round of brexit negotiations. david davis said he‘d like the eu

to show more ‘flexibility and imagination‘ in the talks. we want to lock in the points where we agree, unpick the areas where we disagree, and make further progress on the whole range of issues. but in order to do that will require flexibility and imagination from both sides, something i think the council asked for on some subjects. our goal remains the same: we want to agree a deal that works in the best interests of both the european union and the united kingdom. the eu‘s chief negotiator said that britain must begin to start negotiating seriously. i'm concerned. time passes quickly. i welcome the uk government's paper, and we have read them very carefully. very carefully. but we need uk positions

on all separation issues. this is necessary to make sufficient progress. we must start negotiating seriously. german prosecutors say a nurse who is serving a life sentence for murdering two patients may have killed as many as 90 people. niels hoegel was convicted and jailed two years ago for giving lethal drug injections to intensive care patients. investigators have since exhumed more than 100 bodies of patients who died in clinics where he worked. from berlin, damien mcguinness reports. this man could turn out to be the deadliest serial killer post—war germany has ever seen. in 2015, former nurse niels hogel was sent to jail for murdering two patients. but police now say they‘ve found evidence that he murdered around 90 other patients, and that there are dozens

of other suspected murders that can‘t be proven. translation: if the clues had been duly investigated at the time, even in delmenhorst hospital, then the deaths of many patients, in our opinion, could have been prevented. the nurse injected patients at this hospital with drugs to cause heart failure. his aim was to then resuscitate them and win recognition from colleagues. there are now allegations that some in the hospital knew what was happening. translation: the current circumstances lead to the conclusion that the former management was aware that niels h had an awful and deadly impact on patients. that means that german authorities are asking questions about whether hospital staff turned a blind eye, and about why it took so long for the murders to be uncovered. damian mcguinness, bbc news, berlin. well, it‘s been the

hottest august late bank holiday for 50 years in parts of the uk, and hundreds of thousands of revellers have been enjoying the sunshine at the notting hill carnival. music. everyone can be a king or queen at carnival. it‘s flamboyant, eccentric, extravagant. a spectacle of imagination. and, there is the soundtrack. roots reggae music... it‘s earth music. the heroes of the sound system, playing to crowds in their thousands. there was fierce competition amongst the djs. this sound system, we‘re giving a message, yeah? a message of love and unity for everybody. but, as i hear the music, and that baseline resonates through my body, like i say, it‘s a spirit that wakes up, and it‘sjust higher, higher,

higher, untilyoujust go, oh! and then i‘m alive again. carnival is the caribbean, with its culture and music. a celebration born out of the struggle of the west indian immigrants living in london in the 1960s. they refused to be beaten, and so, with colour and pride, they marched proudly through the streets of notting hill. today, it‘s the biggest street party in europe. in terms of visitor numbers, notting hill is ten times bigger than glastonbury. there are 70 performing stages, and 40 sound systems. we celebrate carnival in february. i am from rio. but, yeah, i really enjoy carnival here. i recommend them to come over here. people plan it in advance. we‘ve been doing it for 24 years now, it‘s part of our life. we wouldn‘t ever miss it. we live for it. literally, we live for carnival. once this is done, we start

planning next year. it is a year thing. and so, as the sun sets on another notting hill carnival, preparations start all over again. elaine dunkley, bbc news. lovely weather there, to find out how the web that will look like for the next couple of days here is darren. hello there. we‘ve seen some soaring temperatures today. close to the record for the late august bank holiday monday. a good day to be on the beach across a good part of england. swanage in dorset, for example, lovely blue skies here. the highest temperatures were inland in the sunshine. round about 28 degrees towards the wash. contrast that with nearly 18 in scotland and northern ireland. and in between, this band of the cloud, which is still producing a little rain and drizzle. and that is sinking its way very slowly southwards overnight. ahead of it, warm air. behind it, clearer skies and some cooler and fresher air. not much rain with that band of cloud, but a significant difference between north and south. so, 10—11d in scotland and northern ireland. much warmer towards the south east.

16 or 17 after that heat of today. that band of cloud continues to trickle southwards on thursday. not much rain on there, but a fair bit of cloud beginning to arrive in the south west of england, across wales, towards the midlands, across yorkshire and lincolnshire. still some sunshine across east anglia and the south east. any showers in kent moving away. and we get some sunshine arriving in the far north of england. also across northern ireland and scotland. a few showers around coastal areas, western isles and northern isles in particular. those showers will drift their way further inland across scotland and northern ireland through the day. probably going to be dry at headingley. a very different look to the weather compared with today‘s blue skies. much more cloud around. the cloud should probably break during the evening session, if we can get that far. this band of cloud moving very slowly south—eastwards. not much rain on it at all. a cloudier picture all the way from the south west of england towards lincolnshire, where we have had the heat of the day. to the north of that, sunshine and showers in the north west. temperatures 16—17, quite a drop for many areas. we‘ve still got some warmth towards the south east of east anglia,

perhaps 26—27 degrees. but even that heat or that dry weather will come to an end on wednesday, because we have two areas of low pressure, two weather systems, verging upon england and wales. we‘ve still got the showers. and on northern ireland. this band of rain probably tending to peter out through the day. the wettest weather arriving across east anglia and the south east of england. that certainly is going to drop temperatures quite significantly on wednesday. and then bad weather weather should get pushed out of the way towards the end of the week. and broadly thursday and friday is a mixture of sunshine and a scattering of showers, and temperatures a bit below par for this time of year. hello — this is bbc news. the headlines 8:32pm:

18 counties will be assisted by a federal emergency programme, thousands of people have been rescued including residents in a ca re rescued including residents in a care home. she said within ten to 15 minutes the water went from ankle high to waist high, so immediately they were underwater and floating. the brexit secretary and british government officials are in brussels for the latest round of negotiations. david davis says that he wants the eu to show more flexibility and imagination. a lorry driver has been remanded in custody in connection with saturday‘s minibus crash on the m1 — he was charged 20 counts of causing deaths by drink—driving and dangerous driving. german prosecutors say a nurse who is serving a life sentence

for murdering two patients, may have killed 84 others. indian legal officials confirm a self—styled guru in northern india has been sent to jail for a total of 20 years, for raping two of his women followers. now on bbc news — weather world. this time, the bbc weather team take to london‘s rooftops with urban forecasters to explore why city climates are so different from those on the coast or countryside. this time on weather world, we‘re at the highest point of the uk‘s biggest city, uncovering the secrets of urban weather. and finding out why heatwaves hit cities and those of us who live in them the hardest. we take to the rooftops of london to see just how man—made environments can change the weather. what are you hoping to achieve in the future? when we do weather forecasts, we will give more detailed forecasts, so there will be

differences between different parts of the city. also on weather world: out of nowhere. the driver‘s—eye view of mudslides and storms, as we take a meteorological tour of the world. scorching summer in southern europe and the deadly consequences of wildfires that rage out of control. watch the birth of a flood as it surges down a dry riverbed, to the floods that sweep away everything in their path and the disaster they cause. plus, cold comfort. the blanket response to melting glaciers in the austrian alps. scientists have realised there has been an unprecedented glacial melt, so the questions now are how serious is that melt and what can they do to stop it? welcome to weather world and a view

once seen you‘ll never forget. the view from the shard, a skyscraper which stands above everything else in london. from up here you can see the haze that stretches over this urban landscape and tells you that the air is different here compared with in the countryside. and it is the unique properties of urban air which produces weather and climate differences which impact everyone who lives and works in a city. it‘s called the urban heat island effect. an urban heat island is a built up or man—made area that is significantly warmer than the surrounding countryside. it‘s often most noticeable overnight when the temperature difference can be as much as 12 celsius between the inner city and the rural surroundings. there are several causes of the urban heat island effect. firstly, dark surfaces and the type of materials used in cities, such as concrete and tarmac,

tend to absorb more solar radiation during the day and heat up quicker than the countryside. this heat is then released into the city air, creating a warming effect. with higher levels of particles and pollutants in the air in cities, that air is more capable of holding onto the heat, whereas in the countryside where the air is often clearer, more of that heat can pass through the atmosphere. there‘s also a lack of evaporation in cities due to less vegetation and fewer bodies water. in more rural areas, this evaporation from trees and water removes heat from the surrounding area. as well as the materials used in cities, the other major contributing factor is the topography of the structure of urban areas. imagine, for instance, wind flowing in a relatively straight line across open countryside. when that wind blows across an urban area, the buildings create more friction to the flow, making it slower and more turbulent. this in turn reduces the wind‘s capacity to disperse heat. so with more than half the world‘s population living in urban areas, this heat island effect has a huge impact on our weather and daily lives.

we‘re swapping one high—rise for another, as we cross the city from south to north, joining a team of scientists investigating urban weather. what they‘re discovering could one—day narrow down weather forecasts from whole to parts of the city and perhaps even individual streets. behind me you can see the shard on the london skyline, and as part of the research project here there are various pieces of meteorological equipment taking readings of different elements of the weather. one of those pieces of equipment is inside this silver box here and that‘s a thermal imaging infrared camera. this camera is looking down at the city and is taking measurements of temperature coming off different materials, buildings, for instance, roads and vegetation too. so to tell us more about this camera and what is it‘s measuring we‘re going to meet phd student will morrison. hi, will. hi, sarah. talk me through this camera. what exactly is it looking

at and what is it showing us? this is a long—wave infrared camera, sensitive to long—wave infrared radiation, which can be used to determine surface temperatures. so if i was to point the camera at different surfaces, like my hand, surfaces of different temperature would appear a different colour? yes, this is a thermal graph of the temperatures which you can see through the camera. your hand is appearing cooler than the surroundings. the different colours represent different temperatures, in this case. great. let‘s have a look at how this works in action, looking down at the city. absolutely. so, will, you‘ve got several of these infrared cameras positioned at different places around the building. this one here is looking down at some buildings, some roads and vegetation down below us. talk us through what it looks like and what we‘re seeing on the infrared image. this is a time lapse of the imagery. you can see the same principle as with your hand, different colours representing different temperatures. we can see there‘s a variety of colours, meaning

the surface and temperatures are highly variable. why are we interested in these measurements? typically we use satellite based measurements of surface temperatures, which are looking straight down at the surface. that means they have a preferential view of the roof and ground surfaces, as opposed to all surfaces. i‘m doing a ground proving exercise here, with lots of measurements from different angles, to build up a complete picture. so these surfaces are really important for evaluation and input for forecasts. and we‘ll have more from the rooftop later. when the going gets hot, you do what you can to stay cool. it‘s been a summer of extreme heat in southern europe, with temperatures soaring well into the 40s celsius from spain, across to the balkans. in italy, the heat exacerbated drought. this is the bed of the river po. so the pope ordered the famous fountains of the vatican to be turned off, to show solidarity with the people of italy and rome, where temperatures hit 43 celsius.

hot, dry and now on fire. wildfires led to thousands being evacuated from camp sites here in france, injuly, spending the night on beaches near saint—tropez, as the smoke billowed above them. portugal in june, and a catastrophic forest fire kills more than 60 people. the country‘s worst disaster for more than 25 years. the majority of people were killed on this road, rapidly engulfed by fire as families already fleeing from their homes were trying to drive to safety. more fire, but a different continent. this is south africa, near cape town, injune, as severe drought combines with strong winds to spread wildfire sparked by lightning. they followed a major storm that inundated the coastline here, with high seas and big waves. the south african weather service said it was the worst winter storm here in 30 years.

big storms have hit europe too. this is moscow, in may. a severe thunderstorm, the worst in a century, kills 16 people, toppling trees, with winds of up to 70 mph. and astonishing scenes from poland, in august, as storms bring down tens of thousands of trees, killing six people. the country‘s chief forecaster called it the worst disaster in the history of polish and perhaps european forestry. storms brought devastating downpours too. turkey and istanbul, injuly. roads turn to rivers. rail tracks turned to rivers. there have been a number of flooding storms in the city this summer. in the uk, storms followed a hot start to the summer. this is cornwall, injuly. and in coverack, the torrential rain and hail lasted over an hour, causing a flash flood to sweep through the village, taking everything it could carry towards the sea. this woman found her elderly

mother‘s walking frame among the piles of debris and next to it even her kitchen sink. it‘s happened. we can‘t put it back. you just have to get on and carry on and do what we can. we‘ll get back to normal. we‘re cornish! earlier in the summer, a heatwave provoked an unusual protest at a devon school. boys told they couldn‘t wear shorts in the heat, because it wasn‘t official school uniform, wore skirts instead. everyone was like, oh, if everyone else does it, they can‘t stop anyone else doing it, so they might bring shorts back for the summer. well, girls are allowed to wear skirts all year round. they get cold legs and we have to sit there sweating! the school says as hot weather becomes more common, it may consider a change. protest is real! we are back at our urban experiment on a rooftop in london. earlier, sarah and will were using thermal imaging to look at how different surfaces, grass, concrete, humans, just as you‘re seeing me now,

heat and release the heat at different levels. that‘s enough of that. but that‘s really important because those different surfaces are also heating the air above them at different levels, different rising of that air. that goes on to affect the air around us in the city, but also the weather too. ben crawford is monitoring just how much the air is moving around us with this piece of kit here. tell us about it, ben. that‘s right. this is a 3d sonic anemometer. so it measures wind speeds in three dimensions. with this piece of equipment we can measure the cumulative effect of all the different surfaces and their heating of the air. so, importantly, i‘m feeling the air blowing right at me sideways, now, but when you are talking about different surfaces heating the air above, it‘s rising from the ground upwards, which you‘re also measuring with this. and you would expect that air to be rising differently, depending on where it‘s come from — grass, concrete, tarmac? yeah, exactly right. if you imagine a natural environment, like a field or forest, and you replace that with a city, with glass and concrete and brick,

you will change the thermal properties of that surface and change how the air flows and moves. this is measuring what‘s going on just here, but you‘ve also got another piece of kit here, which is measuring over a bigger distance, isn‘t it? that‘s right. this is called a scintillometer. so it measures disturbances from the air, from the heat rising, similar to shimmers coming off a hot roof or a hot piece of concrete. so this is pointed across the city towards suffolk towers, about four kilometres away. so this really is the invisible world of what‘s going on in the air right above this cityscape and above us? that‘s right. and with the data from this instrument we can make the invisible visible. so here we have a series of days in the summertime here in london and we can see during the midday, the hottest part of the day, we have the greatest heat emissions and we can see this rise in the graph. overnight, when the surface has cooled down, we see less heat emissions coming off the surface.

but what does it matter? how does knowing about all of this turbulent air possibly improve a weather forecast for a city? that‘s a good question. heat emissions and turbulence affects a lot of things. it affects air temperature, wind speed, it affects the dispersal of air pollutants and can even impact things like clouds. so we can narrow down the forecast to a much smaller part of the city? that‘s right. we can give a specific forecast for a city, versus a rural area, and maybe in the future even different neighbourhoods within a city. thanks for revealing the hidden world of what‘s going on in the air around us. you‘re very welcome. oh my god! clear! turbulence and updraughts when airborne are what hot—air balloons try to avoid. but getting airborne is the problem here. we're trying to get air up, so we can get up. two balloons collide in the usa injune. swirling, shifting winds on the ground blow them off course.

luckily, what could have ended in tragedy only left one man with minor injuries. lightning sparks across the south wales sky in may. the earth‘s surface is struck about 100 times every second and whenever lightning strikes you can be sure bbc weather watchers will try to succeed where many of us fail to get a good photo of it. these were all taken when storms swept through the uk injuly. become a bbc weather watcher by signing up online. and coming up, how a blanket could help produce a phenomenon known as glacial melt. so far on weather world, we‘ve been getting very high—tech at this urban weather experiment on this windy rooftop in london. but along with the high—tech, i‘m glad ifound something that‘s a little bit more familiar, at least to me, which is a weather station.

we‘ve seen a lot of these on our travels on weather world. remember, in northumberland, we saw a fully working met office weather station there. inside here we‘ve got a thermometer and it‘s measuring humidity with this gauge, all inside a very clever box which protects it from the direct sunshine and excessive wind... of course that weather station had a stevenson screen behind which you had a thermometer. this, although not the same as a stevenson screen, acts like that, protecting that thermometer, so it can measure the temperature of the air, rather than the sun, getting to that thermometer. and we‘ve also got, look at this, a cup anemometer. look at it moving in the wind today. and we‘ve been to the birthplace of these anemometers on our travels in weather world, to armagh, in northern ireland. michael, i‘ve got an amateur weather station in my back garden and it has this on it. and to think it all started here, in armagh. that‘s right. a simple design, four cups that spin in the wind, and you can measure the wind speed and that‘s how we know wind speeds around the world today...

well, this anemometer is getting a good workout today, but it‘s really good to know that wherever we go on weather world we can find a weather station. but we will get a little bit more high—tech again later in the programme when we come back here. in—car dash—cam technology can now give us a driver‘s eye view of what it is like to negotiate a mud—covered, flooded road. but things are about to get much worse. china injuly, and a dramatic mudslide, after days of heavy rain, leaves drivers buried and many needing rescue. here, only injuries, but in bangladesh injune, a desperate search for survivors as heavy rain triggers a landslide that kills more than 100 people. from sri lanka north to nepal, the monsoon rains so vital for crops bring floods that affect millions. in nepal, the floods worsen in august, and elephants are used to rescue people trapped in rising water and take them to safety. injune, torrential rain in taiwan. more than 600 millimetres

in less than 12 hours. similar scenes in japan in july. described as unprecedented, the rain forces nearly half a million people out of their homes. when a flash flood rushes a major city, disaster strikes. freetown, the capital of sierra leone, in august, and a massive downpour causes muddy water to certain industries. then a mountainside collapses, burying whole communities and families, as they slept. hundreds are under this mud, and the death toll may never be known. it is the rainy season here, but this year, it has come with unusual and deadly ferocity. and just how quickly can rain transform a dried out, dusty river bed, into a raging torrent? this quickly. the usa, and arizona in august, as a flood of water, mud, and debris, suddenly surges out of nowhere, catching campers

by surprise, as they scramble to rescue their belongings. a happier surprise for some in the southern hemisphere winter, as a rare snowfall his the chilean capital, santiago, in july. as a rare snowfall hits the chilean capital, santiago, in july. the snow caused widespread power outages, and treacherous driving conditions — not that these motorists seem to care. but unusual cold snaps look like local anomalies against a tide of record warmth. alaska. parts of this us state had their warmestjuly on record. in may, the artic council meeting here signed an agreement accepting the need to tackle climate change. but less than a month later, this. in order to fulfil my solemn duty to protect america and its citizens, the united states will withdraw from the paris climate accord. president trump‘s announcement

brought widespread international condemnation. the un world meteorological association said that in the worst case, the us pull—out could add 0.3 celsius to world temperatures by the end of the century. adding to the global political battles, there away from the global political battles, there are smaller scale vote on the way to try and stop local environments from changing, perhaps irreversibly, as sara thornton has been finding out in austria. i‘m at the top of the stubai glacier in the austrian alps, at about 3,000 metres high. it‘s an area that‘s very popular for skiing. and actually, there are about 80 separate glaciers in this area. but there‘s a problem, because in the last few years, scientists have realised there has been unprecedented glacial melt. the questions now are, how serious is that melt, and what can they do to stop it? dr andrea fischer is

a world—renowned glaciologist, who‘s made it her life‘s work to halt the decline of this glacier. she has hit upon a surprising answer, a blanket. covering the glacier and preventing ice melt. on a very small, very local scale, we could prevent some very tiny glacial areas by covering them with textiles in summer. but only about 1% of glacial area can be preserved with this method, and of course, it‘s very cost intensive and needs much labour. to save 1% of the glacier seems almost futile, but with the local economy relying on skiing and tourism here, officials say it‘s worth it. there are 5000 alpine glaciers in the world. and some scientists predict that at the current rate of melting, in 20 years, half will be gone, and those that are left

will be much smaller. but it is far from clear if this expensive local solution can work on a global scale. here on the vast greenland ice sheet, the problem is super—sized. there are fears that the melting is happening faster than expected, in part due to algae growing on the surface of the ice. darker than the ice, it absorbs more of the sun‘s warmth. the more the ice melts, the more sea levels rise. nobody is saying that is going to melt in the next decade, the next 100, or even 1000 years. but it does not need to be completely melted for people to be in danger. only a small portion is required to raise sea levels, and to threaten millions of people in coastal communities around the world. and in the expansion of renewable energy, this is a landmark development: wind turbines floating in the sea of norway. the sea off norway.

they will form the world‘s first floating wind farm. so, we‘ve looked down towards the ground, and we‘ve seen equipment measuring the weather at this level. but now we look up into the skies. to do that, i am joined by natalie. hi, natalie. talk us through this piece of equipment, here. ok, so this is the cellometer, a laser that takes a vertical snapshot of the atmosphere. this is the equipment that holds the laser. you can‘t see the laser. it measures outside the visible spectrum. so this looks 7000 kilometres up into the sky. so this looks seven kilometres up into the sky. what is it measuring? it is measuring reflection from particles in the atmosphere. this could be cloud droplets or air pollution. with that, you can see at what height the clouds are. so you can get a picture of the height of the clouds and have a picture of how polluted the air is at any time. yes. ok, so we‘ve had a look

at this cellometer. we will go around and talk to sue, who will give us an indication of what the output from the cellometer looks like and how we can use that data. now, sue is an urban climatologist with the university of reading, and she‘s heading up the research here. so, sue, hi, we havejust been talking to natalie about the cellometer, and how that measures cloud height and particles in the atmosphere. so how is that information useful to you? it‘s helping us with our weather forecasts. we can see where clouds form. what we are looking at now is the green is the rural area, and the grey is the city. you can see the clouds are forming, what happens to them as they form, and over cities, that is different. we can compare the difference in the real city with what we can see in forecasts like this. so with all the research going on here, then, how does that tie together, and what are you hoping to achieve in the future? what we are trying to do, and as we we think about

forecasting into the future, what we are expecting is that models will allow us to look at things in much more detail, so we can look at, for example, the differences between the northern part of the city and the southern part of the city. hopefully this will make it better for citizens within the city and living in different neighbourhoods. wonderful. so we‘re looking at more accurate urban forecasting the future. thank you forjoining us, sue, and for all your team, too. sometimes you need to look over your shoulder to see what the weather‘s doing. this photo of a man unwilling to abandon mowing his lawn in canada injune took social media by storm. apparently, the tornado was further away than it looked. we often show pictures of the aurora borealis, or northern lights, but these are the southern hemisphere equivalent — the aurora australis, putting on a spectacular show in the skies above australia and new zealand in may. and finally, the weather can make us all a little hot and bothered at times. and apparently the same goes for gorillas. zola, creating a splash

at dallas zoo. and that‘s it for this time on weather world. we will be back later in the year. until then, keep checking the forecast. so talk us through... we neverfilm when it‘s hot! we can measure disturbances from the airflow... hello and good evening. today has

been the hottest late august bank holiday monday on record. we had a temperature in lincolnshire of 28 degrees, the temperatures soaring across a good part of england and wales, less so further north, particularly under this band of thick cloud producing rain and some drizzle, it‘s a very weak weather front, slipping southwards across northern england into wales. south of it we have warm air, to the north of it we have warm air, to the north of it we have warm air, to the north of it we have the cooler and fresh air, afew of it we have the cooler and fresh air, a few showers around the coasts, ten or 11 degrees, warmer in the south—east, risk of a shower clipping kent for a time. bows will move away, we have a band of rain, the rain tending to peter out. across yorkshire and lincolnshire that, the midlands, the south west, changed to what we have today. brightening up across wales and northern ireland, sunshine and scattered showers, breezy in

scotla nd scattered showers, breezy in scotland and northern ireland. the last of the warmth is in the south—east and east anglia, not as hot as today but then we get some rain on wednesday. hello, this is outside source catastrophic flooding in the us state of texas. forecasters say the volume of rainfall could nearly double later this week. an indian guru has been given 20 years by double rape although there was no repeat of the deadly riots that followed... the situation remains tense. even know he is injail, guru is also a goal ref —— always agree with. they are trying to get across the border to bangladesh but being ten back. it is brown pouille brexit negotiations, david davis is back in brussels and