this means there could be changes ahead for people and goods crossing the channel. dover and eurotunnel at folkestone are two of britain's busiest frontiers. for now, they're frictionless. at the moment we have what's considered to be a free—flowing border between britain and the continent. lorries don't have to undergo customs checks unless they're going to a non—eu country and passport checks are minimal but that could all change after brexit. it's really very concerning for us. nobody knows what's going to happen. there seems to be a lack of information about what brexit will mean for dover and folkestone. so we've decided to do our bit to help. we've commissioned a special report looking into what could happen to traffic as a result of post—brexit border changes. imperial college london has a world—renowned

transport research centre. dr ke han is an assistant professor. he carried out the investigation for us with state of the art traffic simulations. for the purposes of this research we're assuming that it currently takes two minutes for each vehicle to pass through the border checks at the port of dover and eurotunnel. the research focused on the m20 and a20 and nearby local roads between maidstone and dover. this is what the traffic looks like, now with a two—minute check per vehicle. the red lines on the maps show the traffic heading for dover and backing up in a very slow moving queue. as the day goes on, through the afternoon traffic peaks at evening rush hour. the journey between maidstone and dover can take up to two hours, with traffic queues of up to ten miles.

but what if there's friction at the border? dr han looked at what would happen if we assumed the border check time is increased byjust one minute per vehicle. in a one minute extra check scenario, traffic becomes more congested. the queues from dover and the eurotunnel can approach ashford and affect local traffic in the afternoon hours. the combined queue length in this case can be up to 20 miles, and it can take up to 3.5 hours to travel from maidstone to dover. so dr han predicts that the cumulative effect of one extra minute per vehicle would result in 20 miles ofjams and a maidstone to doverjourney time of three and a half hours. then dr han looked at what the impact would be if check time was doubled, adding another two minutes to existing checks on every vehicle. the traffic condition on the network becomes far more congested. the queues from dover and the eurotunnel, in the afternoon rushhours, can go as far as maidstone,

making the entire study area into slowly moving traffic. in this situation, the combined queue length can reach up to 30 miles. and it can take up to five hour's drive from allston maidstone. i think people would be pretty horrified by that. yeah, that's very bad traffic. so with two extra minutes per vehicle, dr han predicts 30 miles ofjams and a maidstone to doverjourney time of five hours. and what is shocking about the research result is that the check time is as little as two minutes of check time increase, applied to each individual vehicle, could lead to hours of traffic delays and tens of miles of queueing on the motorway. norman ives runs his own haulage company based at folkestone and has been in the business for 30 years. he delivers food to supermarkets to tight deadlines, so any traffic

jams are hugely worrying to him. if he misses his delivery slot, he has to book another and that could mean a wait that seriously disrupts business. sometimes that can be one or two days waitng. we could potentially end up losing several days a week productivity. just from a two—minute delay at the border? indeed. how worrying is that for you? it's very worrying. it's important that other people should see the results of imperial‘s research — and norman's got some ideas about who we should speak to. how about people who live near the m20 ? that's a good idea. we went to stanford, a village which lies near the m20 and to the west of eurotunnel.

geoff colledge is a parish councillor. we asked him what he thought of our figures. they're alarming. they are horrific and it will put us into a situation, a scenario that it will be like an 0peration stack situation on a daily basis. and that cannot be allowed to happen. what is it like? what does it do to your life in this village and other kent villages when you have traffic jams like that? if it's likely to go on a month or longer, as stack has been in operation for a month previously, then itjust becomes worse and worse. the problems manifest. you've got to make sure you have enough food and water in the house beause generally you can't get out. norman, who should we go talk to about this now? how about we go and see eurotunnel? good idea.

eurotunnel facilitates huge amounts of trade with the eu — goods worth £100 billion a year are transported through the tunnel. eurotunnel‘sjohn keefe points out that delays on the motorway could be bad for the economy. those are the goods that our economy relies on, stuck in traffic. that means manufacturing is losing efficiency, it's putting at risk inward investment, employment. so those kind of delays are counter—producutive in their own right. so what we understand from government today is they want a frictionless border, that will keep the traffic moving as it really should on a motorway. and that's the only way we can envisage running an economy efficiently. the people who run the port of dover told us that dr han's figures support their own conclusions about traffic if there is friction at the border after brexit.

the people who run the ferries are optimistic that a frictionless border can be achieved using high—tech methods. guy platten is chief executive of the uk chamber of shipping. i think any delays and intrusive customs procedures which allows those delays is completely regrettable. what we would like to do is avoid that happening in first place by having a light touch customs arrangement. i think that's entirely possible and technology allowable as well. when dr han did his research he made no assumptions about what would cause a delay, he simply assumed that post—brexit there could well be one. it seems logical to be concerned that new customs checks could slow things down. but should we also be concerned about passport checks? at the moment, passport checks

on british citizens are carried out by both the british and the french on this side of the channel. it's possible that post—brexit passport checks could take longer says tony smith, the former chief of uk border force. it's very possible there could be additional delays at the french border by the french police checking british passports going into eu. if the french are required to ask questions of us or stamp passports, for example, then those transaction times are realistic and that queue time could materialise. but we just don't know yet what the regulatory framework is going to be and there are various options available and on the table where we could reduce that transaction time on both sides. maybe we should speak to the local mp? that's a good idea.

in dover, the western docks is undergoing redevelopment to create a large cargo terminal. we met dover's mp, charlie elphicke, in a waterside cafe next to the redevelopment. he says there is one way to avoid friction at the border. the obvious and logical thing, certainly at the beginning is to have a no—tariff deal. because that way trade continues to flow between britain and the eu and everyone wins. ireland is not leaving. but these irish lorry drivers are worried about post—brexit delays. any delay in the port at all, it's 0peration stack on the motorway out there. so it's going to be disaster for the whole lot. do you think it's feasible a two—minute delay could cause a four—hour traffic jam ? that is what the research is saying. it will cause it.

it will. without a doubt. so, the research from imperial college london indicates that this is what the roads will look like if an extra two minute delay per vehicle is created at the post—brexit border. everyone agrees that a frictionless border would be the best outcome, however it's achieved. it's up to the politicians what happens next. rachel royce reporting. coming up on inside out... louise and her dog, troy, aren't having much luck trying to qualify for crufts. yeah, 0k, we kept going. it wasn't quite the routine we had planned. now, not farfrom here, in deal,

there's a cookery school. of course they are there to teach good cuisine. but in fact they're serving up much more than that. this is the chequers kitchen cookery school in deal. just give it another stir. as i said, use the back of the spoon. it's the brainchild of pieter van zyl and stephanie hayman. put it on the website, starts at 10:30. so our kind of fundamental purpose is to enable people to learn how to cook, with fresh ingredients, so they can access a healthy diet, but on a budget. and this is one of the most healthy ways of eating vegetables. it's a community interest company, a type of company recognised in law which uses its profits for public good. you won't cut your fingers off, not while i'm here.

i don't like doing the paperwork. pieter is taking the keen2cook weekly session today — it's free to people on low incomes, and is funded bya grant from the lottery. then i always, always wash the rice, it's very important to wash the rice. in the class today is chris king. he volunteers as an assistant, helping everyone to be the best they possibly can in the kitchen. he loves it, because chris's passion is cooking. just salt, when you're roasting vegetables, helps bring out that flavour. ijust find it better going in before. i love cooking and putting a meal in front of someone. it's all about seeing them enjoy my food. it just lifts your soul! shall we do this one as well? so he is really encouraging with some of the participants who maybe lack a lot of confidence or are a bit younger,

orjust need a bit of extra support, chris has got a great way of helping them without doing it for them. so if you put that in first, soften it up. chris is very well qualified for this role. 0ver decades, he worked his way up to being head chef in pubs and restaurants across the country, often working 100 hours a week. but one day, that all changed. sorry... two years ago i had a massive stroke on the right side of my brain. and i lost the left side of my body. so i was a chef for 30 years and overnight i was nothing, and i had nothing. so i phoned steph and i said, "can i be of any use to you?"

to give me a reason. and she invited me down, and i met pieter, the head chef. and it was the best thing i ever did because i can give back a little something. you know, i've got so much knowledge when it comes to catering, and just felt like it was all wasted. there is no such thing as 'can't' is there? i told you whoever put the t on the word can, should have been shot. hold that onion tight. it keeps moving. that's because its round. so obviously some things are more difficult for him because he's just using the one arm and hand. so to see what he can manage with his circumstances, it's an inspiration, it makes you realise that they can too. chris is going to invite some of his

fellow stroke survivors to the class. the stroke club of deal will be bread making. he'd like to pass on some of his skills and knowledge to them. i want the other stroke survivors to realise that even with one hand you can. and if you can get that can—do... sorry, that can—do attitude, you've got a reason to keep going. it's a big day for chris. today he is not the assistant, he's the teacher. for the first time he'll be teaching three members of his stroke club. this is a basic white bread mix, just to make a small loaf. we are just going to crumble the 25

grams of butter into the flour. then just make yourself a well, in the middle. because were going to add half the water. we can adapt, we can change and make things work for us, if we try. if you use the heel of your hand to break it down. why is mine sticking to the surface? ijust like being with the people. because they are people who understand how you feel. you're learning, barbara. i'm not! you are! really good, really therapeutic. really good for your brain. thoroughly enjoyable. if anyone has upset me in the week, you can take it out on the dough. and then into your tin. after a short while in the oven, the bread is baked. just to check it. but the proof of course is in the eating, so what will they make of it?

thanking you. i would highly recommend all this activity, that we have done today, to every single member of our club. there is no such word as 'can't'. so the stroke club class was a success, and chris believes that the cookery school not only teaches you how to cook but also boosts your self—esteem. for a lot of people it saves their lives, it gives them that meaning that once a week, get out of bed, go and do it, which is what it gave me. it gives me a reason to get up in the morning, get dressed and get out there. normally, i'm asking for help for that sort of thing there is a woman from swanley in kent, whose big ambition

is to get her dog into crufts. not because he's good looking or best in breed, no, she's hoping he'll dance his way there. john cuthill reports. it's a wet and windy saturday in coventry. it's raining cats and, well, dogs. and more dogs. they've all gathered here to sniff out a golden ticket. they're competing for a place at the most prestigious dog show in britain. there are ten places up for grabs in each category, here at this semi—final for crufts. excited and nervous, and everything at once. but these dogs aren't being judged on looks. this competition doesn't require a pedigree. this is strictly dog dancing. welcome to the world

of heelwork to music. next up, louise ince from swanley in kent, and troy. their complicated routine to flash, bang, wallop what a picture! has been months in the making. you've been really naughty, haven't you ? behave, thank you. helping to fine tune the moves is husband gary. if you can come up, and as i say walk back, you're going to guide him with a sausage, where he needs to go. 0k. walk back. he's gone off again. walk back. the little bits that are going wrong all the time, they are the bits we want to put a stop to. we have to find ways of finding what it is that's going to make the dog do it correctly. keen to maximise her

chances of success, louise is entering two categories. and doing a round trip of 160 miles from her home in kent for lessons with gina, a dog trainerfrom hampshire. still haven't got the ending right. we can look at it. little troy has come on leaps and bounds. he is a cheeky little character. that is what we try to bring out in both routines, the character of the dog. these are all your props? i've got a better frontage. i was going to say, the frontage is a bit naff. are we going to have photographs on these? you know, i really showed, shouldn't i? you know, i really should, shouldn't i? got the frontage sorted out, photographs on these, and i think we are good to go. # what a picture, what a photograph! photos in place, will troy stay focused and get a place in the final? it is looking good, until it is time

to pick up the newly laminated pictures. louise carries on, but knows she is out of the running in this category. the cards, i changed them and put stuff on the photographs. he doesn't like them very much. they are slipping in his mouth. for louise, there are still a chance that she could get a place at crufts. she has one more routine of her exotic sleeve. troy has to dance his socks off. well done!

he enjoyed that, he really enjoyed that. we kept going. it was not quite the routine that we have planned. louise has done well, but competition at this advanced level is very tough. 0nly ten more dogs will be going to crufts. as the places are awarded, it looks like louise may have missed out. couldn't get more tense, could it? with nine places already called, there is only one place left. thank you so much.

i am gobsmacked. i don't know what to say. well done, you did it! next stop, crufts. good luck to louise and troy. 0ur weather fortunes are just about

to ta ke 0ur weather fortunes are just about to take a significant dip. forget about spring, we are heading for a quick shot of winter. make no mistake about that. certainly across central and southern parts across the british isles where we have enjoyed a personal spring, that comes very much to an end as we come to the weekend. the reason for the change is that an area of low pressure which has led in air from the south—east has been elbowed out. this bitter easterly wind has been going to all parts of the british isles. snow for airtime as the southern counties of england and

wales... central and eastern side of the heart of england, temperatures there, my word, we had in these 60 mark bower gusts, there are ample warnings for snow and ice from the met office. from about the time on saturday through the course of the night and on into the first part of sunday. that high pressure very much the dominant picture. there could well be a period of snowfall across southern parts for a time. is that eases away towards the west, things begin to quieten down. you are showers speak of, then on sunday there will be what has happened on saturday and saturday night. the absence of the showers, no warmer by any means at all. is there any signs of recovery in the temperatures? yes, there is. high—pressure drifted

in from scandinavia and back—ups of the cold supply of air from siberia. we begin to pick up david more of a maritime traps. we will still see some wintry showers. elsewhere, it isa dry some wintry showers. elsewhere, it is a dry start to the week will stop but no real warmth inside. the move to choose their wednesday, this high is still the dominant feature. temperatures slowly beginning to recover. a bit of sunshine around, a bit of dry weather and here by tuesday, look at this, not quite dull figures but at least it is not one, two or three degrees. to the middle part of the week, the high—pressure begin its journey slugging away down towards the south western approaches and that tends to

open up the door for an atlantic weather system, do you remember those? they will work their way into western part of scotland. with that mild atlantic flow beginning to dominate again across the british isles, those temperatures in one or two spots beginning to get back towards double figures. that is the trend that we see as we move into the second half of the forthcoming week. that comes at something of a price. there is no doubt about it, as the look towards the atlantic, so we will introduce low cash assistance. slowly things will turn cold but they will become unsettled and wet and windy at times. there is already full of drama in the white house. all sorts of rumours circulating. so interesting, you trump gives us a

loss to discuss. police launch a murder inquiry after another russian exile is targeted in london. nikolai glushkov, a russian businessman, was found dead in his home on monday, it appears he was strangled. the police are keeping guard outside his house tonight, they say there is nothing yet to link his death to the attack on sergei skripal. with mr skripal and his daughter still critical in hospital, the foreign secretary blames vladimir putin for the nerve agent attack. 0ur quarrel is with putin's kremlin, and with his decision — and we think it overwhelmingly likely that it was his decision. the kremlin retaliates by calling mrjohnson's comments shocking and unforgivable. also tonight... the iraqi teenagerfound guilty of the parsons green tube bombing, who was on the government's anti—radicalisation programme at the time. thee african countries, home to most of the continent's elephants,

call for all ivory to be banned.