tv Meet the Author BBC News April 14, 2018 10:45pm-11:01pm BST
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like involved in syria like with afghanistan, president putin is overreaching himself, and the escape route does not involve military action against britain, america or france. finishing with the independent, the headline, theresa may hails the success of the strikes but the public denies support. not something she will want to read? ahead of parliament on monday? they suggest 25% public support?” listened carefully when theresa may was asked this, at the press conference, she ducked the question entirely but it was put to her, in the same is our opinion poll shows very little support for previous polls, like the same, ducking the issue entirely. it was striking in the press conference, it was tempted, i believe this is the right thing to do, but this is not a
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presidential system, she is not so —— supposed to decide the way her government behaves and not to act without parliament so it is dangerous to act without public support. it sounds to me as if there is not going to be any more immediate military action there for the story will not run in that form but if it became more serious then that would be a big concern not to have public support. interest and see what the readers would think about a different question, should theresa may have done nothing?” wonder if the numbers would be slightly different? it is pretty much in three ways. 28% in favour, 36% opposed and 26% neither and ii% do not know. it is not quite one third each way but more of us are viewable of doing nothing than something but not by an enormous endorsement. many thanks to both of
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you for taking us through the papers. natalie and rob will be back at 11.30pm for another look at the papers. next on bbc news — it's meet the author. how little we know still about the brain. suzanne o'sullivan is one of our leading neurologists, and she's called her new book brainstorm: detective stories from the world of neurology. the investigation of strange symptoms, puzzling behaviour by patients, the hidden secrets in the wiring that makes us who we are. it is a book about medical science, but much more than that about people, their personalities, their behaviour, their brains. a journey of discovery where many of the answers are still tantalizingly elusive. welcome. you say in the book at one point
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that neurology sometimes doesn't feel very scientific, because you're actually trying to think of the person and not the mechanism that is the brain. yes, that's right. i think that it's very surprising how little we actually know about the brain. up until the end of the 20th century, we didn't even have a mechanism by which we could look at how the brain was arranged or how it worked. so we had scans that showed still pictures of the brain, but they don't show you anything at all about how the brain is organised. we are really in the infancy of neurosciences in some ways, and also then, you are taking a person's in the context of their personal experience, and that requires a lot of listening and lot of detective work to try and understand what you're being told. i love that phrase "detective work", which you use in the title, because what we have
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here is a series of stories about patients — obviously not their real names — who were exhibiting puzzling symptoms, slightly weird symptoms. they see things or they behave in a strange way that they can't explain, and you've got to start to work out what's going on from ground zero. yeah. absolutely, and i think that's something that is wonderful about being a neurologist is that you're listening to your patients' stories, and if you can hear the symptoms properly, that will actually take you on a journey into their brains in order to try and get an anatomical understanding of what's going on. without knowing it, they're often performing a self—diagnosis. well, they are telling you what's wrong with them if you can just listen clearly enough, especially people whose symptoms are fleeting, and you're relying upon their language and the way they tell the story for you to try and figure out what's wrong. well, let's give readers a flavour of this. you tell the story in here of a man who gets from time to time, fairly irregularly, goose bumps on his arm. and then they go away.
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he can't work out what's going on, nor can you. this was when you were a relatively young doctor. and the consultant said, "well, have you scanned the brain?" and the discovery was that there was a brain tumour which was causing this, so the thing you see and what's going on inside are miles apart. absolutely. so if you have a problem in your arm, what you have to be able to do as a neurologist is to track that anatomically. that problem in your arm may not exist in your arm. it could be a problem in your neck, it could be a problem in your brain, and the quality of the symptoms and the way they behave are the clues as to where exactly the process is happening. and you're learning all the time, because there's a new one coming along every minute, i assume. well, precisely. because if you think of all the brain does when it's healthy. so a healthy brain sort of creates art, orfalls in love, or cries or it does maths, and therefore, everything that your brain does when it's healthy can go wrong when it's unhealthy. and symptoms can occur in any possible combination, which means that people with brain diseases can have almost any combination of symptoms.
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well, give us an illustration. there are some wonderful ones in the book of the kinds of things that can happen that ordinary people would find inexplicable. yeah, so one of the people that i talk about is a young woman called august. so august has had something very bizarre happening to her since she was about 16 years old. she gets these really odd running attacks. so most of the time, august is perfectly well, but once or twice a week, she suddenly bursts into a run that is utterly outside of her control. she has no idea where she's going or how long she will run for. it stops, and she's back to normal again. that's the entire breadth of her disability. it's incredible how much it destroys her life, because if it happens in the street, she could run in front of a car. if she's upstairs, she could fall downstairs. so although it only takes up two minutes of her week sometimes, it has been utterly life—destroying. and trying to do something about that is extraordinary difficult, because that is a one—off. yeah.
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i mean, with regards to brain disease, we really are very poor at healing the brain at this point. i hope there will be great strides in the nearfuture, but at the moment, we can't make people better and we're trying to teach people to live with disabilities that we've never met before, and that's very challenging. but i sense that you love that moment when you confront someone for the first time — or they confront you, rather — and you're trying to work out what's going on, how are they reacting to it, what's it doing to them? and starting to put two and two together. yes, well, i meet people who have very, very odd stories to tell. so for example, a young woman who keeps losing balance every time she tries to move. so she's perfectly well when she's sitting still. when she tries to move, she loses all the tone in her body and collapses to the ground. now, i as a doctor never encountered anything like that in medical school or in a textbook, so to unravel that mystery and figure out why that's happening to her, you know, it's a great relief to her and i to be able to understand that. and there's a man with cartoon
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characters in the book. tell us about him. yeah. yes, so this was a man who very abruptly, usually perfectly well, he began seeing the seven dwarfs crossing the room. and the whole thing only took a minute or two and it only happened a small number of times per week. it happened for the very first time in a very stressful situation, and i had never heard a story like this before. you know, certainly people can see, have hallucinations, but such lucid hallucinations in a mind of an intelligent, orientated person... yes, and it's not as if he was on drugs or had been drinking or whatever. he was just perfectly normal. yeah, it was very bizarre. i'd never heard a story like it before and it transpired that he was having little epileptic seizures arising in a part of his brain important to both memory and imagination, and those seizures were producing a hallucination. and it was the same one each time? yes, and that's a feature of brain disease and seizures is that they tend to be stereotypes. you get the exact same thing every time. and that's where the clue, the biggest clue lay. i couldn't read this
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without thinking about, you know, second sight and apparitions and all the paranormal stuff that, you know, people can argue about until the cows come home. but in human history, you can sense how people who've had visions may simply have had the kinds of conditions that you are still, in the 21st—century, trying to understand. yes. well, there's nothing a neurologist likes more than to make retrospective diagnoses, going back hundreds or thousands of years. so we do love to blame apparitions. i mean, many people have tried to attribute joan of arc‘s experience to hallucinations related to epilepsy. lewis carroll is said to possibly have suffered with epilepsy, and certainly had migraine. and there is a syndrome called alice in wonderland syndrome which is attributed to his epilepsy. and you think that maybe, the kind of imagination that produced that extraordinary work may have come from activity in his brain which wasn't simply an intellectual working out of a story
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but something medical. well, people have a very unique experiences during epileptic seizures. and i once saw a journalist describe his feeling during a seizure as if he took the toy box of his brain, threw it in the air and it came down, and bits of lego had combined with a rubik's cube, so that he'd created something utterly new that he would never have thought of in any other state. so it's possible it has a creative influence. finally, it must be a wonderfully rewarding field of medicine to be in, not simply because you're dealing with people at a very high level in terms of their experience, but you're also discovering something new everyday. yes, i still see things every week that i never thought i would see and that are astonishing to me, and i work with patients who overcome things i never thought i would encounter, so it's astonishing all the time. suzanne o'sullivan, author of brainstorm: detective stories from the world of neurology. thank you very much. thank you.
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that was a kind of springdale many of us have been waiting for. wherever you looked across the country there was at least some sunshine and a beautiful scene for a weather watcher in the scottish highlands. dorset seeing blue skies overhead this afternoon and a beautiful day for a walk close to the const —— coast. you can see there was more acquired across northern england and northern ireland and scotland but that melted away for the day and showers developing across the south of england and wales through the later afternoon and through the night we will see one or two showers clipping into east anglia. most areas will be dry with clear spells on the odd mist and fog patch and for the south—west, the first sign of change. thickening cloud and
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strengthening wind as his area of low pressure squeezes in from atlantic. sunday is a slightly different looking and feeling day. more cloud around, quite breezy, particularly in the west and we will see some rain at times but that rain will be at times not all the time, sporadic rain pushing across the south west and wales and northern ireland and for east anglia and northern england and southern scotla nd northern england and southern scotland through the day. behind the main patchy rain, we see sunshine and hefty showers towards the south—west, pretty brisk wind across northern ireland and all the while north—east scotland's seeing sunshine and temperatures after 16 degrees. could elsewhere but on monday, some spells of sunshine and particularly for central areas but patchy cloud developing here and there are bigger cloud for northern ireland with outbreaks of rain and a weather front edging in once again and western areas will be quite
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breezy. we keep the breeze in the west on tuesday, outbreaks of rain for northern ireland and west of scotla nd for northern ireland and west of scotland and western fringes of england and wales but further south and west, sunshine and temperatures starting to climb at this stage of to 19 on the 19 maybe 20 degrees. a sign of things to come. deeper into the week, wednesday and thursday, we tap into this warm air across the continent and as we bring that across the british isles, temperatures up to 25 degrees across the south—east but other places not far behind. this is bbc news. the headlines at 11:00 — president trump declares ‘mission accomplished', saying missile strikes against syria by the us, britain and france were ‘perfectly executed'. we are prepared to sustain it this response until the syrian regime
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stops its use of prohibited chemical agents. four british tornado jets were involved in the attacks. theresa may said the use of force was "legal and right. " we cannot allow the use of chemical weapons to become normalised either within syria, on the streets of the uk or elsewhere. parliament should be consulted, parliament should be consulted, parliament should be able to make a view on this but instead, the strikes were launched last
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