feeling the heat. an in—depth look at the global heat wave that has seen extremes of summer at the global heat wave that has seen extremes of summer heat on confidence across the northern hemisphere. with multiple heatwave sitting countries across the globe from east asia to north america will be finding out how different communities have been coping. in japan, they declared a natural disaster, there have been dozens of deaths in the record heat while much of southern europe has been sweltering, it has been quite a different story in iceland where they have one of the worst summers on record. we will be finding out why. and we will be asking what lies behind these extreme weather conditions, wherever we will experience he plays in the future and how it might be forced to change the way we live in order to adapt. hello and welcome. we are in the middle of what any of us would say across the northern hemisphere has already been a very hot summer. from california to japan, from sweden to sedan and mercury is nudging record temperatures with more to come. you'll find out what is actually on.

why has it been so hot for so long? in so many places? if you world is getting warmer, can we do anything to stop it? do we have to learn to live with more of this volatile weather? we will start our programme with this report. the weather is breaking records worldwide. with 51 celsius in algeria this month, the hottest ever recorded in africa. the heatwave in japan hottest ever recorded in africa. the heatwave injapan has left dozens dead and thousands in hospital. even england's usually green and pleasant lands are parsed from the searing heat. high temperatures mean a high fire risk, this is california were s0 fire risk, this is california were so far this year while fires have claimed more than i so far this year while fires have claimed more thani million km2. wildfires have had many european countries as well. these are in sweden. they stretch up to the arctic. some have been set by

lightning, and if you feel there's more of this sort of thing around now than there used to be, you are right. the rate of extreme weather events right. the rate of extreme weather eve nts fro m right. the rate of extreme weather events from waterspouts in the black sea, to prolonged torrential rain in the philippines has doubled since 1980. scientists say all of these issues are linked. this is what we expect in the future. there an increased greenhouse effect and that leads both higher temperatures, but also that affects the cycle. we see that with air and rain, it's now shrinking and the rains are getting more concentrated in smaller regions. warmer air holds more water s0 regions. warmer air holds more water so many countries like the ivory coast last month are finding their rainy season is becoming more intense. from one extreme to another, for in some parts of australia is now the driest it has

been since records began, and what is drought this crop failure and the dying livestock. europe has been trying to make the most of the sunshine, but extreme weather like this may not be here to stay. extraordinary pictures of the last few weeks. what might be behind the global heatwave, right across the northern hemisphere we've seen temperature extremes recorded. but start with japan where the heat has been relentless. 41 degrees recorded in and around the area making a hotter spell of weather ever. that's on the back of historic rainfall which brought widespread flooding. to ensure records have doubled by night as well. the highest minimum temperature was recorded in oman just a few weeks ago. dropping lower than 42 degrees. two believes he has hit all—time highs of 41 celsius and in north africa, algeria, we may

potentially see the highest ever temperature recorded across the african continent. also extended across parts of western europe. sweden saw it's hottest may on record, and records have been tumbling around the arctic circle all leading to widespread wildfires. and even the uk fires have been a common theme this summer where we have seen a dry start to summer on record, and heat being langfang and prolonged and that is the problem with you some parts of canada with montr al, records go back 147 years. 36.6 degrees was enough to break the all—time record and it was a 44 recorded at the university campus in los angeles which saw the heat across california become record—breaking. what is the reason behind these record—breaking temperatures? they lie in thejet strea m temperatures? they lie in thejet stream which circulates the northern hemisphere. normally, not quite as undulating as you see on this chart

here, and that helps to move weather systems along, but this more undulating pattern is a swine of a slower running jet stream and weather patterns become more static. northern europe we have seen high pressure builds and it has remained in place helping us temperatures to climb day by day and bringing relentless dry weather as well. now, a clue to what is causing thatjet strea m a clue to what is causing thatjet stream to become more undulating and a little bit slower could ally with a little bit slower could ally with a few things, it could be the arctic region where these pictures show how theice region where these pictures show how the ice sheet grows throughout the recent months. in winter it again has seen with the lowest maximums on record. we don't do the torture contrast between the arctic and ecuador regions. it's the fuel of the stronger jet stream. ecuador regions. it's the fuel of the strongerjet stream. we have to look to the likes of the mid—atlantic. america in the west and africa in the east, this area of green and blue are lower than we

would normally expect. this is called the atlantic oscillation. it happens every so often but they can have a big impact on weather patterns around the world and also have an impact on the likes of atla ntic have an impact on the likes of atlantic hurricanes. not many of those so far end of that story continues that may be a below average season, could be those hurricanes we need to start weather patterns moving again right around the globe. matt taylor giving us an idea of what is happening around the world. they beat some of the wilting when we will a break. spare a thought for the people of iceland, because while the rest of us will be basking in the record temperatures, iceland has had one of the worst summers on record. let's discuss it with the head of the atmospheric research group of the icelandic mitterrand took office. commiserations, because you are getting the british summer that we normally have. yes, actually this is a little bit like in 2012 when he

got a very rainy summer and we get a really nice summer, sunshine and dry conditions and so on, now it's 70 in the southwest and getting a lot of rain. very dim and cloudy, and rather miserable weather. the northeast is doing fine, but it does not help us that we live in the break we are getting in the southwest. what sort of weather would you be expecting at this time of year? would be expecting summer weather, at least occasionally days without rain. two or three days. nice to brochures, nice for us means 15 to 20 maximum temperatures but instead we're getting ten to 15 temperatures and raining almost every day a little bit. cloudiness of the time, so it's not our summer. we have just seen this rather wobbly jet stream which presumably is

pushing this unusual weather towards iceland. is that how you understand it? yes, in his presentation it was privileged to the point. it developed early on in the summer of this bring over scandinavia which extends through much of europe at times. it blocks the flow of cyclones a weather systems towards europe and instead they track over oui’ europe and instead they track over our region. the ocean southwest is unusually cold which means that by the time these air masses come to iceland they have taken the heat or giving heed to the ocean and therefore they are also rather cold which makes our temperature is less warm and sort of colder by the usual. we will keep our fingers fraudster and hubby get a bit of sun and the next few days. japan has had extra ordinary weather in the last few months. the unprecedented heat

wave with at least 80 people dying from heat stroke in the last few weeks. all previously records have been broken and the government has 110w been broken and the government has now declared the heatwave a natural disaster. rupert wingfield hayes reports from tokyo. injapan this month, the heat has become a mass killer. these volunteers are trying to stop it taking more lives. on the northern edge of tokyo, these apartment blocks are home to lots of elderly people. many of them alone and they are vulnerable to the extreme heat. 74—year—old woman lives here by herself but she says her daughters and making sure she stays out of danger. translation: i stay home all day because it's so hot this year. i dare not go out. my daughters nagging me to keep air conditioning on so nagging me to keep air conditioning onsoi nagging me to keep air conditioning on so i use it when it's hot. a few

doors down, this 79—year—old also lives alone. like many elderly japanese, he refuses to use his air—conditioning even when it's baking hot outside. translation: i don't like the cold airfrom translation: i don't like the cold air from air—conditioning, translation: i don't like the cold airfrom air—conditioning, he translation: i don't like the cold air from air—conditioning, he says. i start coughing, that's what i don't use it. i think i'm used to the heat because they go out during the heat because they go out during the day and work outside. but he may be overconfident. at least 80 people have died here from heat stroke in the last two weeks. what of those have been elderly often found dead in their homes with the air—conditioning off. the current heat wave here is being caused by two huge high—pressure systems that are sitting right over the top of us here and refusing to budge. that in itself is not unusual injapan in summer. what is unprecedented is the extreme level of heat. new records have been set across the this week,

and meteorologists say that is a direct result of climate change. experts say this is why the current heat wave has killed so many. 40 celsius is maybe normal and other parts of the world, but not normal injapan. so parts of the world, but not normal in japan. so climate parts of the world, but not normal injapan. so climate change is frightening because it hits the people who have never experienced this before. people would have thought maybe if we play a round during summertime, one to three o'clock then we get heat stroke, but actually people, especially old people, when they're sleeping at night they get heat strokes. for japan's 35 million pensioners, the heat is now a threat to life. climate scientists say summer heat waves like this are only going to become more common. what is so unusual about this pattern of weather is that multiple heat waves

are happening at the same time across four continents. let's get more from our correspondents around the globe. the temperature has hovered around 37 celsius for several days, and it's notjust the top temperature that's the problem, it's the lowest temperature. they have had the hottest night here in seoul for 111 years since records began and on that night the temperature did not dip much below 30 celsius. over a thousand people have been taken to hospital with heat related problems and its thought at least ten people have died in this global heatwave on the korean peninsula. here in north texas we have been doing the heatwave that for almost two weeks 110w. heatwave that for almost two weeks now. we have had ten days of 100 degrees all wall way up to 109. numerous records seven broken, and in addition to that conditions are extremely dry. moderate to severe

drought continues across the dallas fort worth region, but good news, some needed rain fall is the hmmfi some needed rain fall is the forecast next week as well some cooler temperatures we might even be below average. stockholm is usually one of the most visibly green cities in europe, about 40% of it is made up in europe, about 40% of it is made up of parks. but a lot of it is now yellow and crispy after the hottest july since records began. sweden simply is not set up or high temperatures. the buildings are designed to insulate and keep you warm in the snowy winters. very few offices had air—conditioning, but it's the countryside worst affected. the worst wildfires for decades are being tackled by firefighters from around the eu actors hooting call for international assistance and more hot weather is on the way in the coming week. more and more scientists say it is a close link between carbon engines and the rising temperatures around the world, but do these weather patterns

that we are seeing fit to the modelling that the experts came up with? the last time it was so hot in britain first along, was during the long summer of 1976. the country went wild, abba was in the charts. there were droughts, thousands had their water cut off and people had to collect this applies in buckets from stand pipes. this was the temperature map at the time, the heatwave in red localised to parts of europe, us and russia. now look at this year. it's all across the northern hemisphere where it is summer. scientists have been studying whether there's a link to climate change. they feel that they now have answer. absolutely yes. perhaps 1520 years ago we has said it's possible that we can't say whether a particular weather event

can be ascribed to climate change. now it is becoming much clearer that we can with quite a lot of confidence, so that's a big wake and extreme weather event is linked to climate change or at least would be very likely to have happened without climate change. these of the afternoon temperatures rising in britain since 1900. the trend is likely to continue according to computer modelling. for decades, scientists have predicted heatwave like the one we are having would become more commonplace. it seems that that is now happening according to their research, and their projections indicate that they will last longer to become hotter, and occui’ more last longer to become hotter, and occur more often. last longer to become hotter, and occui’ more often. |i1 last longer to become hotter, and occur more often. in recent years there have been forest fires in california, and in southern australia. which has suffered its worst heatwave in 100 years. researchers at oxford university have been assessing the impact that

climate change has had in europe. very strong increase in heat waves in the mediterranean. it's not that strong in northern europe, but is also an increase, and last year we looked at heat waves injune also an increase, and last year we looked at heat waves in june and found there was a four times increase in belgium and the netherlands. so then the crazy summer of 76 is a font memory from a bygone age. climate scientists believe these conditions will likely become the norm rather than the exception. well, let's get into more of this. joining me to discuss is doctor chris hope to work today climate change advisor to the uk government and obama administration and lead author of the third and fourth assessment reports for the panel on climate change which won a nobel peace prize in 2007. and i'm joined by another professor from the university of east anglia, and from

prague i'm pleased to welcome a doctor who is president to the things the copenhagen consensus center best known for his book the sceptical environmentalist which challenges presumptions when it comes to climate change. welcome to you all. if i could start with you big to bring up the maps that were in the report that we just saw which compare the heatwave in 1976 with the heatwave of today. we look at the heatwave of today. we look at the picture 42 years ago you see the uk was the exception more or less. now, if you look at the 2018 heat map you'll see that there's an awful lot more red across the planet, and particularly striking is the heat at the polar regions as well. what do you think is happening? we surely not be surprised what is happening now. climate change is increasing the risks of a heatwave around the world, this is well known. it's causing longer heat waves that are

warmer, hotter around the world. this is what is unique about the patterns that we are seeing now, and why we are increasingly confident that we can see a signature of climate change, it's throughout the whole hemisphere. the whole northern hemisphere summer. though having heat waves come around the world of the same time it's extremely unusual. this one heatwave lead to another? if you get a pattern of heat waves and the earth is warming up, does that then bring more heat waves ? up, does that then bring more heat waves? this is part of a trend here that we are seeing. we're singing increased through time, and if we continue to cause climate change the way we have done in the past, then the risks of heatwave will continue in the future. doctor chris, if we got emitting greenhouse gases at the rate we're doing at the moment, how different was the world look in

2050? up to now we have seen a rise in temperatures about 1 2050? up to now we have seen a rise in temperatures about1 degrees on average across the world. we carry on on the path we have been, that rides will be probably about 4 degrees by the end of this century which is in life span of a baby born today, one expects to be alive at the end of the century. of course there is uncertainty about that, it could be a three degrees rise or 5 degrees rise, but as you can imagine the effects we have seen in 1 degrees who want to avoid getting to a4 degrees who want to avoid getting to a 4 degrees rise, and to do that it got to make serious efforts to come back with our emissions. and with that rise, we should expect patterns to be repeated more frequently? yes, you would expect about the middle of the century, the kind of thing would become fairly normal and beyond that they would become more severe, and

in england it has been bad but if you get these kind of heat waves in africa or in asia and you get into circumstances where people really can't survive when the temperature gets so high. he can't do any manual labor, and you have to find a shelter from those kind of temperatures. your 2001 book was the sceptical environmentalist and you argue that certain aspects are unsupported by the evidence. and you shifted your opinion somewhat since then, or do you accept that this is done to climate change or not? absolutely. they made it very clear, andl absolutely. they made it very clear, and i think the evidence strongly supports as to because rise you will see more heat waves. i'm not condemning that at all. that would be silly, that's the evidence, and that's the day that we have, that's what models show. and makes good sense as temperatures rise you will see more heat waves. the question that i have, and what i want us to emphasise is two things. that we

can'tjust focus emphasise is two things. that we can't just focus on the one part of this, remember right now to an a half thousand people die from heat waves in england, but somewhere between 25 and 50,000 people died from cold waves. we have to both realised as temperatures rise you will see more heat waves, but you'll also see fewer cold waves, and you need to talk about both of those. the second part is, when we talk, andl the second part is, when we talk, and i agree with chris we deftly need to fix climate change, but we also should recognise if we actually wa nt also should recognise if we actually want to help people who are stuck in places where it gets warm, there is much cheaper, much more effective and much faster methods to tackle this. that's about making urban areas where most people live, they typically have much warmer countryside, and it's about having more greenery and more water features, having more cool features

like white roofs rather than dark roofs, that can produce two pictures much, much more then what climate policies can do. is the global warming we are witnessing reversible? if we changed our behaviour? we can stop further warming. the warmerwe behaviour? we can stop further warming. the warmer we have had so far is afraid to stay for centuries is the future. what we have the power to do is to limit the climate change that we will have in the future, but we have to realise that in orderto do future, but we have to realise that in order to do that when he to bring down our emissions all the way down to zero. that means completely moving away from using fossil fuel, oil, gas and coal to produce energy we need to be completely renewable energy. and we maybe able to do but poverty is linked to the fact that they don't have energy and a lecture city, they're going to get it, for the phils are cheaper and will be jubilant on the way to 2040. we may

change our behaviour but there's no reason they would. it's a wicked issue. and only make things difficult in this country but if you already in there you will suffer more from climate change than in rich countries. we look at the impacts of climate change, 80 to 90% of those are in poor countries that really to people becoming poorer and poorer. we need to have the measures that might bring emissions down by 80% or 100%, and that basically means having a climate change tax which has a four characteristics, and needs to be strong, needs to start off with about £100 per tonne of c02, start off with about £100 per tonne of co2, needs to be copper and on all omissions, notjust the carbon dioxide, and methane, but he needs to rise over time as against the middle of the century things are getting worse and worse and also

very crucially needs to be able to reduce other taxes and economy. not building up huge costs everybody but able to reduce income taxes sales taxes and employ people. we tax things want to discourage big emissions and greenhouse gases, and would take taxes off of things who wa nt to would take taxes off of things who want to encourage like employing people and goods and services. and we will have to change the way we live and adapt their homes and because we're in the summer. will have to adapt their diets, and more plant based diet because livestock weeds towards climate change and more degrees of temperature as they ascended. wish i had more time to get into it. thank you very much. hope some of those questioned have been answered through the course of our programme tonight, it has been under the usual few months. stay cool under the usual few months. stay cool, we will leave you with some of the images of our global heat.

goodbye. it was a very warm day across the board today, very hot across the southeast with 35 celsius being recorded. making this the highest temperature of the year so far. thunderstorms of him breaking out across eastern england, and that's really of things to come in the next 34 to 48 hours. increasing chances and the potential of severe thunderstorms. the reason in the breakdown of the weather, it's headed in our direction. thunderstorms will develop but tonight widely in the midlands to eastern side of england pushing to eastern side of england pushing to eastern scotland, meanwhile further west we have that weather front pushing with more cloud brees and more outbreaks of rain. really warm that come but particularly so across the southeast corner. no little over 20 or 21 degrees in london. suffered enough with that thunderstorm and

torrential downpours, maybe some hailand torrential downpours, maybe some hail and frequent lightning. across the southeast and the midlands more developing into the afternoon. the wind and rain continues pushing and not quite as warm as thursday began across the southeast it could be hot again and temperatures so low and mid 30s in the celsius. it becomes more widespread merging together to produce longer spells of rain. things become more unsettled as we head into the weekend. have not seen for a long time and an active area of low pressure sitting right on top of low pressure sitting right on top of the uk. looking at a much cloudier day much more breezy as well for all areas. goalby affecting the northeast of scotland another band of showers pushes into the north and west of the country, but some good spells of sunshine in the southeast, although will be much fresher as it has been of late. for the north and west very windy temperatures in the high teens. sunday we have a area of low pressure swinging into the southwest, so a pretty wet today for some northern and western areas in

particular, maybe some thundery downpours mixed in. the best of any sunshine would be eastern areas. the showers will be heavy and blustery. two pictures, high teens associates in the north, maybe 23 or 24 degrees in the north, maybe 23 or 24 degrees in the southeast. that's a sign of things to come turning much fresher through the weekend and into the start of next week. sunny spells and a few showers. hello, i'm karin giannone, this is outside source. today is the deadline for the trump administration to reunite thousands of migrant children separated from their parents. but the government will not be able to meet it. the former pakistan cricket star imran khan claims victory in the general election, brushing off allegations of a rigged vote. shock and fear turn to anger over the deadly fires in greece as residents accuse the government of botched rescue efforts. and in a snub to the european court of human rights, italy clears hundreds of roma people from a longstanding camp

outside the capital.