this is bbc world news. the headlines. firm words behind warm handshakes, as talks between the us and north korean foreign minister ‘s are described as brutally frank. the us calls for continued pressure on pyongyang, which is called us actions alarming. more than 1000 firefighters tackle blazes in portugal and spain, where temperatures got to 46 degrees, almost all time highs. emergency services are on alert and vulnerable people are told to stay indoors. tens of thousands members of israel's druze minority have rallied in tel aviv against a new law they say makes them second—class citizens. the law declares israel is a nation state of thejewish people. and 12 boys who spent two weeks in a flooded cave in thailand have left a monastery where they spent time as buddhist novices. at10pm, a

at 10pm, a full round—up of the day's news, but now time for click. planet earth is changing. daily. we humans are affecting its surface, its climate, its inhabitants. watching from ground level makes it difficult to make sense of it all, but these days we do have the data and we can crunch the numbers. and, when it comes to understanding the really big issues, those that have effects on a truly global scale, visualising that data can turn millions of figures into something that everyone can understand. maps like these created by carnegie

mellon university's ea rthtime website combine nasa satellite imagery with a wide range of datasets to produce visualisations of environmental and geopolitical events from light pollution, to refugee movement, to the effects of coral bleaching on areas such as the great barrier reef. one particular area where modelling such as this can display the starkest impacts is flooding. you can see how important that extreme weather research that we looked at in miami is. raise the global temperature byjust two degrees and the sea engulfs the entire area. and this here is bangladesh, where rising water levels are putting many, many people at risk. in 2017, a third of the country was left underwater after monsoon rains, devastating crops and communities. but, while technology can't prevent rainfall on this scale,

it can make predictions to help those in remote communities to try and stay one step ahead of the weather. paul carter has been looking at how one insurance company has been using its knowledge of risk to help the farmers fight back against the rains. like farmers the world over, in bangladesh they have to battle the elements.

but in their case, severe flooding could be a regular occurrence. given the impact floods can have, weather information and advice on what farmers should do with their crops is disseminated to communities through phone voice messages. 0r via call centres that farmers can ring in to. and for those who don't have phones or live in remote off—line areas, there are also weatherboards at district points where farmers can come to receive information. when floods destroyed this farmer's crops, it cost him about three months‘ wages. these initiatives were set up by the bangladeshi government and an international charity that helps communities find sustainable solutions through technology. and now, an app being piloted is taking things even further. the sesame app uses machine learning

to combine historical knowledge of crop patterns with weather forecasts so that farmers can make advanced decisions on when to plough the land, plant and apply fertilisers. this farmer is being advised to spray a fungicide to protect the crops. although these measures can be a big help, poor communities are often unaware of how vulnerable they actually are to extreme weather, or what they can do to lower the risks. another platform being used by the charity is setting out to assess just this, measuring the strengths and weaknesses of committees like those in this district. using the frmt, or flood resilient management toolkit, representatives from the charity visit the community to look at factors such as what crops are grown, weather patters, what large buildings exist, and the flood prevention measures that were already in place. in all, the technology looks at 88

different indicators to come up with a very holistic picture of how an area can cope with bad weather. it's quite a departure from traditional outlooks, which mostly consider factors such as dams and reservoirs. the thinking behind this technology though, comes from another country altogether, where flooding could also be an issue. 7,500 kilometres away in switzerland, a partnership between ibm and zurich insurance company had looked deeply into what makes a good flood resilient. in the last few decades, flash flooding has cost switzerland hundreds of millions of pounds. resilience for us is not just a new buzzword like sustainability or something else. the big challenge of resilience is that you often don't see it until the event has happened. so what we want to have is a set of strong indicators that tell you something about what might resilience look like if something happens and then how can

we strengthen those indicators, so it is all about not being derailed and not falling into a poverty trap, despite that there are risks out there. the algorithm measures all the indicators and it generates a numerical value on how resilient population is. so this helps us use what we call engineering judgement, or expertjudgement, to start sorting and organising the data so you can come up with these numerical scores things and i think that is a unique approach that we have. technology has been pivotal, but also kept simple so it can be used off—line. you need to work with simple devices so you don't have the most expensive hardware either. how easy is it to sell resilience as a concept? i think we need to move away from this, what is my saving if i do this? to much more a point of trying to answer the question, what is the cost of doing nothing? back in bangladesh, for farmers in this area,

the cost of floods has been very high. just how vulnerable the area is is being revealed by the researchers. waterlogging hampers people's livelihoods and leads to mass migration. by working together and making proper plans, it is hoped that the technology could help reduce the risks to their livelihoods when floods hit. and now we're popping back to mit in boston. this place is full of really creative people, but behind this door are three guys who are trying to make us all more creative by hacking our dreams. robot: you are falling asleep. what's happening here is we're taking these three bio—signals, your heart and your skin and your muscles, and we're looking for this state of sleep in between fully awake and fully asleep. what we're doing is, we're watching, watching, watching, and right as you descend into the next stage of sleep, we introduce a little

audio from the robot. and that bit of audio knocks you, so you are not fully asleep. and then we see if whatever word we use will in fact enter the dream. by introducing the subject of your problem into your dream and then listening back to a recording of your so—called hypnogogic mumblings, you mayjust find that you hit on a creative solution. specifically because in that moment you are hyper—associative. your cognition is really elastic, it's really flexible. you don't have that same capacity to review and be critical of your thoughts, so you generate really weird, aberrant, divergent thoughts, things that come to you as dreams but which you can later use as creative insights. robot: you are falling asleep. if, that is, you can bear listening to the weird conversations that you end up having, like this recording of one experiment. robot: you are falling asleep.

think of a fork. a fork. tell me, what are you thinking? in tests, the students found that people who'd used this method could think of more creative uses for objects and they wrote longer stories with more drawings. and, you know, something tells me that the sleep glove may have been used to come up with the concept for its own promo video. either that, or this is how adam likes to sleep most nights. that is it for the short cut of click for this week. the full length version is waiting for you right now up on iplayer. and don't forget, you can follow us on facebook and twitter at bbc click. thank you very much watching. and we'll see you soon. by the end of this forecast

the temperature contrast we've seen between and south will be less pronounced. some contrasts on saturday across the country. the lion's share of the sunshine in england and wales. for scotland and northern ireland, much more cloud and a cooler feel, some outbreaks of patchy rain. the satellite picture telling a story very well. this cloud feeding into northern ireland and scotland, clearer skies for england and wales. high pressure is in charge of most of the country. that means fine, settled weather with plenty of sunshine once again. still more cloud for northern ireland and scotland but a few breaks allowing for some bright sunny spells particularly to the east of high ground.

temperatures 15—19 celsius, 21 from northern ireland. close to 30 once again in south—east england and east anglia. some changes for the north and west of scotland and northern ireland through the evening as outbreaks of rain moving. further south, mainly dry through sunday evening and plenty of sunshine. we can see this front moving in. increasing the cloud, outbreaks of rain and strengthening the breeze. the new working week starting cloudy and damp in northern ireland and scotland, some of that rain moving south into the far north of england. further south, we stay dry, holding onto the heat, with temperatures even higherfor central, onto the heat, with temperatures even higher for central, southern and south—eastern england, exceeding

30 in places. heading into tuesday, we've got this front to the north and west of it something cooler and fresher, to the south and east still very warm. this cooler air trying to sink its way south and eventually we'll see that toppling south and those oranges and reds being replaced by something cooler. on tuesday again it looks like the cloudy zone with outbreaks of rain across parts of scotland, down into north—west england as well. more cloud across wales again. the best of the sunshine and temperatures again exceeding 31. further north across england and northern wales, those temperatures starting to come down. on wednesday for most it's a mainly dry day, a few showers around. most of these will be across western scotland and northern ireland.