i'm babita sharma with bbc news. our top story — indonesian officials ay nearly 100 people have been killed by a powerful earthquake on lombok island. —— say. at least 200 people have been wounded and thousands have been left stranded, after a second earthquake hit the holiday island and the surrounding area. president trump re—imposes sanctions against iran, following the us' withdrawal from the nuclear deal. but he said he remained open to striking a new nuclear deal with iran. the iranian president has condemned the move. and this video is trending on bbc.com. it's of walt disney's new winnie—the pooh film, christopher robin, has been denied a release in china. the chinese authorities have been blocking images of winnie the pooh on social media after the fictional bear became a symbol of political dissent. stay with bbc world news. now on bbc news, hardtalk.

welcome to hardtalk. i'm stephen sackur. anger is a powerful force in politics and there is a lot of it about. donald trump, brexit and a host of populist movements have been fuelled by anger with the way things are. where does it from? how best to respond? well, one much discussed provocative perspective comes not from a politician, but the canadian clinical psychologist jordan peterson, whose defence of traditional values has won him a worldwide following. is his diagnosis liberating or dangerous? jordan peterson, welcome to hardtalk.

thanks for the invitation. at the beginning of this year, you wrote this book, 12 rules for life: an antidote to chaos, and in the six or seven months since, around the world it has sold pretty much 2 million copies. pretty extraordinary. yes. you have struck some sort of a chord, why do you think that is? because i am having a serious conversation with my viewers and listeners and readers about how to structure their lives individually and the relationship between responsibility and meaning and it is a level of discourse or a level of analysis that people don't often have an opportunity to participate in or to hear. it is filling a need in our culture, apparently. a search for meaning, is it also appealing, reaching out to people, and in particular men, from all the surveys, men who are angry and feel lost and alienated ? well i don't think it is reaching

out to them because they are angry, i think it is reaching out to people who are alienated, certainly there are lots of people who are alienated. i think it is focused to some degree on young men because my youtube channel is very popular and most people who watche youtube happen to be young men. so that has skewed the listening audience in terms of that demographic. it is obvious that it is notjust young men buying the book, it is much more mixed. there are many books out there and many published over the years published that talk about a meaningful life and how to live it and you call your rules for life, you could characterise it as a sort of self—help. there are very little of those sorts of books that go into great detail about the dangers of marxism, talk about the history of mao's china, stalin's soviet union. there is a real political content to your book and i wonder why you are so preoccupied by reminding your individuals, who you say are searching for meaning, so repeatedly

and so often about the dangers of totalitarian communism. well, iam not. there is only a section in one of the chapters that actually deals with that, although there are motifs that run through it but it is more of a matter about being concerned with collectivist ideoligies in general and the dangers of it as a means for guiding yourself through light. one of the failures that characterised the communist totalitarian states and equally on the fascist side, was the failure of individual character. because for example, in the soviet union and equally in places like mao's china, people were called upon to falsify their own experience, to lie in the service of the state and to say things they needed to say and not stand up when they should have stood up. if you look around the world today,

particularly the western world, where you focus your attention upon, you see a real danger of some sort of renewal of a neo—marxist tendency in society. you certainly see that in universities, the universities in north america and to some degree in europe as well, are especially in social sciences and humanities, completely dominated by left—leaning political agenda, the stats on that are crystal clear and most of that has been generated byjonathan haidt and the heterodox academy. there are very few centrists or rightleaning people in the academy and that means that the discourse on campuses has been increasingly radicalised. the problem i have with that is not the fact that is left—wing, it is the fact that it is extreme and if the same was happening on the right i would be equally perturbed about that. but it is not. the problem is that we as a society don't know how to parameterise the excesses of the left. we know perfectly well that left can go too far.

it happened many times over the course of the 20th century, but we don't know when and we don't know what the danger signs are, the markers. with your focus on what you see as the real dangers of the left and its totalitarian inclinations... that is not my focus. my focus is on the necessity of people to adopt individual responsibility. if i may continue my thought. what it seems to me, beyond doubt by reading your own writings and the reactions to yoru writings, is that you have found a way of appealing to and winning the sympathies of a great number of people, who, to be crude about it, are supporters of donald trump, who are by nature interested in the populist movements that we see in many different parts of the world right now and some of whom identify with the phrase the alt—right. i wonder how you as a psychologist and an academic feel about the nature of so many of the people who sympathise with you. i don't think that is true.

i think that is a vision of followers, i'd think of them as followers, i think of them as viewers, readers and listeners. i have talked to 150,000 in the past three months at 55 live events, i understand my audience and i know perfectly well that the vast majority of them are there because they were rather disoriented in life for various reasons, and have decided to develop a personal vision and to take more responsibility and to try to tell the truth as best they can and that that is actually helping them a lot. that is what is happening. the thing is... but would you recognise there is an overlap between the sorts of people who can deeply sympathise and find a resonance in your message, and many of those who have turned to donald trump in united states right now? not some overlap, there is 30 million people is watching my videos are there is overlap across the entire political spectrum. the thing is, in the discussions i have had with people in the mainstream media about the response to me, there is a chronic and constant attempt to make

it political. it is not political. what i am doing is not political. it is psychological. of course, but you can't control the way in which your words and your messages are perceived and used. i am kind of interested to know whether you are worried about it. of course i am worried about it, but i have also received hundreds of letters from people who have indicated quite clearly that they were attracted by blandishments of the alt—right and have been led to the political centre as a consequence. would it be fair to say that one of the core messages of your book is that we underestimate the power and the relevance and importance of old stories and myths, including the christian bible, but also including a host of other stories which you say have survived the test of time and tell us truths about ourselves which many people today and you i think you would say many people in academia today, who are into constructivism

and relativism, are missing the truth of old verities. would you agree with that? yes, i would happily say that is a theme that runs through the book. there is wisdom in traditional stories that we need to understand, not merely believe, but also to understand. and so for example last year, i did a series of 15 lectures on genesis and most of that audience was young men and that has been viewed by millions of people online now. the bible in particular, you say for better or worse it's the foundational document of western civilisation, it's careful and respectful study can reveal things to us about ourselves and what we believe and how we should act more than can be discovered in most any other story. the bible is central to your belief systems? no, it is central to western culture. it is the foundational document of western culture. and this word truth, which is quite an important word for you, you think the bible contains irrefutable truth?

well, i don't know what irrefutable means necessarily, but it certainly contains a form of truth, it's narrative form of truth. it is the same form of truth you see presented in front of you when you go see movies, or when you read great literature. there is a truth in that. movies are fiction. but look, we wouldn't be able to rank order fiction according to its quality if it didn't bear some relation to truth. it is viewed right around the world and has millions of viewers who are not from a tradition at all, they may be hindus, muslims, they may be animists, but how can they therefore refer to your 12 rules for life when they are so wedded to the culture and traditions and the truths of the bible? i also draw on other traditions extensively throughout the book and also in my first book. but the attitude that i am taking towards the stories that our culture is predicated on is one that

people from all over the world find engaging. so it is because the stories are deep enough and significant enough so that there is plenty of room at the table for everyone to have an intelligent discussion about them. and i am not necessarily saying that, i am not saying at all that there isn't wisdom to be derived from other traditions, but i do see destabilisation in our own culture about our fundamental values and because our values, at least in part, were derived from judaeo—christian writings then it is useful as far as i am concerned to return to them to discover what they mean. we have heard from your fear of totalitarianism, as you see it evidenced in the 20th century. we also know that you regard the bible as a foundation stone of your thinking, here is what a fellow canadian philosopher, paulthagard, has said about what he sees as the weakness in your argument. he says that "peterson assumes that the only alternative to religious morality is some form of totalitarianism or despondent nihilism, but secular ethics have

flourished since the 18th century, he talks about david hume, jeremy bentham, you don't seem to get any real importance to other secularists. i don't think that is true at all. i have great respect for enlightenment doctrines and it is clearly the case that our unfortunate situation poltically right now is the consequence of something of a marriage between his old stories. the enlightenment doctrines upon of which countries like england are founded. i am a scientist with many published works and so i am perfectly aware of, despite the criticisms of that particular philosopher, perfectly aware of the utility of the enlightenment approach. but to think that humanist values, let's say secular values, have flourished for a long time and then to call that 200 years only means that that philosopher and i have very different ideas

about what a long time is. i am an evolutionary biologist by the way, not a poltical philosopher, my timescale is thousands of years, not hundreds. i wonder how you then conceptualise the importance of change. a lot of your work is about constancy and finding truths in the very deep past. but what about the importance of change? if one thinks about everything from the emancipation of women, equality for women, think about gay rights, think about civil rights. these are changes that we have seen in our society in the last 50 years and many people think that your philosophy actually has no place to change at all. it runs counter to change. all that means is that they actually haven't read it. one of the things i point out clearly in the book is that you have an internal guide to meaning. it is an instinct. it's a manifestation of something called the orienting reflex, which is something deep and what it

does is try to place you on the border between status and transformation, where you need to be, in order to survive properly you need to maintain your structure, but you have to update it in the face of constant challenge. will for people watching this, let's ask a basic question. if i were living in the late 19th century in the uk as a man, i may well have persuaded myself that the natural order of things is for men to have the vote and women not to. if you were living at that time, with your regard for tradition and long—term eternal truths, you might well side with those who oppose the emancipation of women. well, assuming that my primary emphasis is on the maintenance of tradition, but like i said, it's not. my primary emphasis is on the ability for people to live in a context that's defined by active meaning. and so, for example,

to the degree that we're engaging in a discussion here that's actually going on to be meaningful to both of us and to people who are watching it, what that will actually signify is that we've done a properjob of staying within a tradition that is sufficiently general so we can understand it and updating it at the same time. to stick with equality for women, why do you argue that society today has been overly and dangerously feminised ? because i see a backlash against masculinity and the sense that there is an toxic about it as such. what is this idea, why is it that society is overly feminised? i never said that. if we are going to discuss my views we should my actual words. i believe that there is a danger in our society at the moment of making the assumption that our culture, for example, is a tyrannical patriarchy, which it is in some small part, and that any act of engagement on the part of young men in particular is indistinguishable from an unacceptable power

and dominance drive, which i don't believe. all of that is inappropriate and incorrect. if much of the power and authority, of a very long historical period has lay with men, isn't it only inevitable that some men will get a little hacked off when women are given a stab at something approaching equality? well, that could be inevitable but that doesn't make it right, and it's certainly not something i support. so you think men's resentment is more important than women's effort to attain equality? i'm not in favour of resentment at all. i think if you're resentful then something's definitely wrong. even you need to grow the hell up and take stock of your life, or you have some things to say to people that you haven't been saying. you say science undoubtedly shows us that men and women have different traits, and there's a lot of science to back you up on that, but you say because of that, men are hardwired to achieve success and to be successful in a way that women are not. no, not at all. i've never said anything like that. i've said there are biological differences between men and women

that express themselves in temperament and in occupational choice, and that any attempt to enforce equality of outcome is unwarranted and ill—advised as a consequence. and yet some of the most successful societies, judged on contentment indices, or indeed material success, are those, for example, in scandinavia... where the temperamental differences between men and women are larger than they are in any other society. so you say, you point out in scandinavia many more women choose to be health workers than engineers, for example. it's not what i say, it's what the large—scale scientific investigation has revealed. fair enough, but equally, scandinavia is full of societies, one could point to norway, where they've made a specific legislative effort, for example, with a quota of 40% of women on corporate boards, or a quota for women to be in parliament. they've specifically engaged in social engineering, and it seems to be working and it seems to be... it doesn't seem to be working particularly. ..forgive me, but norway is top of every contentment index we see across the world. 0k, well, first of all, norway has plenty of oil

money, which is definitely contributing to that. and second, it depends on what you mean by working. there's no evidence, for example, that the legislation designed to increase the number of women on boards has produced any movement whatsover in the number of women who hold managerial and administrative positions in norway. the theory was that as societies became more egalitarian, that men and women would become more the same, but that isn't what's happened. what's happened is the biggest differences between men and women now temperamentally, and in terms of their own interest, have manifested themselves in the scandinavian countries. so what that will mean is men and women will make different choices in occupation if you let them have free choice. now, what are we supposed to do? are we supposed to stop that from happening? is that the feminist perspective? let's go back to a word i used before, and ask you directly, do you approve of... do you think... it's a dangerous word, equality, this word equality. i approve of equality of opportunity, but equality

of outcome situations are detestable and dangerous beyond belief. so to you, whether it be gay rights campaigners, civil rights campaigners, or indeed women's rights campaigners, if they want to see equality deliverable in outcomes, they are damaging society, are they? depends on how far they go with it and how they measure it. i mean, these are very difficult technical issues. that if your a priori axiomatic assumption is if there are differences in outcome, those are a consequence of patriarchal oppression, then it's a nonstarter as far as i'm concerned because there are multiple reasons for unequal outcomes. do you think it was helpful for you to base a lot of your science about the difference between genders on lobsters? i haven't based any of my science on the difference between men and men and women and lobsters. you talk about how lobsters and humans behave the same, and in that context... the only thing that i've said... "..girls aren't attracted to boys who are theirfriends, they are attracted to boys who win status contests with other boys," and you describe that in the same breath as you describe how male and female lobsters behave. it doesn't makes those cases, that's

a truism of evolutionary biology. if you want to know the consequence... is it a truism of evolutionary biology that what we learn from lobsters we can apply to humans? some of it is because the neurochemical structures are very, very similar. and it's also the case that... i'm no expert... yeah, but i am. i know you can command a lot of science that i cannot, but it seems to me on the face of it to be somewhat bizarre to compare lobsters and humans given the different size of their brains. it is bizarre, that's exactly why i did it, because i was trying to make the case because one of the chronic leftist criticisms of western society is its hierarchical nature, and that's often put at the feet of, let's say, western society, patriarchy and the capitalist system. it's part of the marxist critique. but hierarchies have been around for 350 million years, so you can't place them at the feet of the western political system, and they've been around for so long that our neurochemical systems have evolved to match their existence. i mean, is it study of lobsters

that's also one of the foundations for your belief that, you know, a mother and a father are crucially important to the raising of a child. it's certainly the case they're crucially important if you compare them to single parents, because all the the developmental literature indicates the outcomes for children who have two parents are much better than the outcomes for a child with one. and physical punishment for children, efficacious as far as you're concerned? minimal necessary force is the proper principle for discipline in any sort of relationship, and you have to negotiate that with your child and with anyone else you interact with, and that's defintely the theme that motivates chapterfive, which is called don't let your children do anything that makes you dislike them. 0bviously discipline for children is necessary and negotiating how that's going to be done is very difficult. it's interesting, you are an advocate, in essence, of toughening up for... you say things like, you know, men have to, i don't know if you ever use

the phrase, but others do, man up in the way they consistently fail to... actually i usually mention they should stop being pathetic weasels. i guess that would fall into the toughen up category. i guess one odd thing about you and how the public debate about you has worked out is that you seem so brittleand thin—skinned about criticism. well, i suppose you might make that case but i don't think my media experiences have demonstrated that. i would say quite the contrary. your media experiences... your social media experiences do suggest that. one of the best—known critiques of your work from pankaj mishra in the new york review of books had you so angry, i mean, half the language you used i can't repeat but you called him an arrogant, racist son of a... you know what. you said that you would happily slap him if he was in the same room as you.

that's right. that's because he referred to a friendship i had with a native canadian guy of several decades and said i was romancing the noble savage, which i regarded as an indefensible statement and if he had been on the right, you would be sure he would have been torn to shreds by the twitter mob. what about some of the values you tell all of us we must try to pursue. humility is one of them, you say you must assume the person you're listening to may know something you don't. yes, you should try to do that on the off chance they can tell you something you don't know. you see that as just an off chance? it was an ironic comment. i'm more convinced i would rather know some things that i don't know, and i do listen to people very, very carefully, just like i'm listening to you very, very carefully and i do do that because i would rather know some things that i don't know than be completely sure that what i already know it is correct. that doesn't mean i won't defend my points, but i'm very good at talking to people and listening to them, i've been doing it for thousands and thousands of hours and i've learned plenty from people that i've disagreed with. your success is very striking, and ijust wonder, you talk a lot about success and what leads to success.

has your success made your life more meaningful? i would say yes, but it's... in what ways? well, it's more intense, the stakes are higher, the impact is larger, the amount of responsibility i bear for what i say has increased, and the number of people that i'm affecting has grown immensely. and so all of that's associated with a deeper sense of meaning, but it's not without its cost. i have to be very careful for all sorts of reasons. so i'm trying to be very careful, bearing in mind that what i'm saying is going to be disproportionately impactful. but i do believe, mostly from watching my audiences, let's say, on my public tours, that the primary effect that i'm having is in helping individuals establish themselves more firmly in their personal and public lives, and that that's working very well. jordan peterson, we have to end there, but i thank you very much for being on hardtalk. my pleasure. thanks for the invitation. hello there.

today we see the last of the hot and humid conditions across the south—east before it's all change by the time we reach wednesday. we'll maintain a north—west/south—east split for the next 2a hours, that's because we've a weak weather front across northern and western areas, largely clear skies and a very warm and muggy start across the south—east. whereas north and west, slightly fresher and there will be more cloud around and perhaps a spot of drizzle and some hill fog too. that means for tuesday morning, it starts off relatively cloudy across many northern and western areas but the cloud tending to thin and break, sunny spells developing quite widely, it will breezier across the north—west but again across the south and the east, another hot and sunny day with some deep orange colours unfolding there into the afternoon with highs again 29 to maybe 31 degrees. further west, though, in those yellow colours, it's going to be feeling a little bit cooler, something typical for the time of year. 18—22 celsius. late on tuesday evening and overnight, we could see a cluster of thundery showers move

up from the near continent grazing past south—east england and east anglia, a bit uncertain how far these will get but it is all tied in with this weather front which will continue to move its way eastwards during the course of tuesday night and then by wednesday morning, we lose the hot and humid air from the south—east and then we're all into the cooler air mass. so for wednesday, it's going to feel very different to what we've been used to, particularly in the south—east. there will be some sunshine around, but some showers as well, particularly across western areas. heavy and thundery. there are your temperatures. 17—24 celsius, 8 degrees lower in the south—east and we have been used to on monday and tuesday. thursday, most of the showers across the north—west corner of the country. sunny spells elsewhere but there is a chance of thundery rain moving up from the near continent again, grazing into the south—east, but it could stay with the near continent, the south—east could stay dry. temperatures around the seasonal average but feeling cooler than what we've been used to. friday, not a bad—looking day. largely dry, some showers in the north, but then later on in the day, the skies

are going to cloud over across western areas with increasing breeze ahead of a head of a weather system. this is something we haven't seen much of in the summer period but it looks like it's going to be quite a very vigorous area of low pressure, hurtling across oui’ shores. just in time for the weekend. it could deliver a spell of pretty heavy rain at times, also strong winds touching gale force. saturday looking very unsettled with wet and windy weather moving through. for sunday, though, a little bit brighter with sunshine and showers but it's going to feel much cooler over the weekend. welcome to newsday. i'm sharanjit leyl in singapore. the headlines: the moment the tremor struck. indonesian officials say nearly 100 people have died in the lombok earthquake. translation: my son and wife all survived but my nephew hurt his head and he died because of the damage from the wall. there were also three children who died. president trump re—imposes sanctions against iran, following the united states' withdrawal from the nuclear deal. i'm babita sharma in london.

also in the programme: as record temperatures hit many parts of the globe, scientists say the world is at risk from extremely dangerous levels of climate change.