aretha franklin, who has died at her home in detroit. she was 76. barack obama said she had helped define the american experience. bill clinton said the country had lost one of its greatest national treasures. italy's transport ministry has begun investigating the private operator of the motorway bridge that collapsed in genoa on tuesday, killing at least 38 people. the company has 15 days to demonstrate it met all its obligations. rescue teams have said they will continue working in the rubble for another two days. the jury in the trial of paul manafort, former chairman of donald trump's election campaign, has not yet reached a verdict after its first full day of deliberations. he denies 18 counts of tax evasion, bank fraud and hiding foreign bank accounts. it's just gone liz30am, it's time for hardtalk. welcome to hardtalk,

i'm stephen sackur. a tiny proportion of muslim women in britain wear the burqa or niqab, forms of dress which keep the face partially or fully covered. nonetheless, those women find themselves at the heart of the sometimes bitter argument about religion, values and tolerance in western society. my guest today is a muslim scholar and imam taj hargey, who has long stirred controversy among fellow muslims by condemning the burqa and demanding a new form of islam, progressive, enlightened and gender—equal. will his ideas ever gain traction in the muslim community? taj hargey, welcome to hardtalk.

pleasure to be here. let's start with some definitions. you spent much of you life in south africa, you have founded two mosques, one in cape town, south africa and one in oxford in the uk. you are a student of islam. but how would you describe yourself? i would say i'm an enlightened, progressive, liberal muslim that sticks to the koran and doesn't allow secondary sources that are suspect to determine my manifestation of faith. ifeel the koran is enough, the koran says repeatedly the book is complete and detailed, god has not left out anything form the text, he doesn't forget,

he doesn't make mistakes or run out of words so the 6,236 verses should be enough for muslims because the creator a far as i am concerned says that and that human—manufactu red sources like the hadith, the reputed sayings of the prophet, the sharia, which i believe is a mediaeval concoction and the fatwas like the most infamous one against salman rushdie and others, none of those have credence as far as i'm concerned because i am a muslim, someone who follows the koran. those people, that followed these other secondary sources, they should more accurately be described as mohammedans because they put far more emphasis on the messenger than on the message. i want to pursue some of those lines of thought in a minute. on the self—description thing, you didn't describe yourself as an imam or a cleric. an imam or cleric has a bad reputation in the muslim world.

i regard myself as a scholar, an academic, an intellectual. do you speak arabic? yeah, of course i speak arabic. yes, i studied for many years in egypt and it's not just a matter of learning the language and the theology and the culture of the faith, and of course knowing the source of the religion. and when you say you studied in egypt, of course al azhar is perhaps the greatest seat of islamic learning in the world. it used to be. well, you say that. did you study there? no, i didn't want to go study there. it rests on its laurels of past accomplishments. it is no longer in the top 100, top 1,000 universities in the world. the thing is, the reason i'm picking away at this is because you will be well aware, there are significant numbers of people inside the muslim community in the uk but become familiar with your thoughts and words who question your very credibility. dr sheikh ramzy, who like you based like is based at the islamic information centre in oxford,

saying that taj hargey, you have refuted this, "he is an imam but not a real imam, nor a real islamic scholar." nobody takes him seriously in oxford or elsewhere. the point is, why shoot the messenger? my message is quite clear. let's get back to what originally islam is about, what pristine islam is about, and that is the way to live in the west. if you are going to live in the west as an integrated citizen, you can't live on the basis of hadith, sharia and fatwas. you need to jettison these secondary sources manufactured by men. not women. these texts are all masculine and so have a jaundiced view of islam. this is your concept, you're looking to set up a think tank as well as your mosque. absolutely. we are launching in october in oxford. here is what you say about it. people will be fascinated by this concept. you say, "we need to create an indigenous british islam

that is integrated into its own environment." in a way, you strike me as somebody who is calling for something akin to the 16th century reformation in the christian religion where martin luther and others in the end broke away from rome and from the catholic church, but, in essence, you can't have a reformation in islam because there is no rome, there is no pope, there is no central authority. so how can you have this sort of reformation? what we do have orthodoxy and traditionalism that doesn't provide answers for today. we need to have an islam reinterpreted from the koran that answers the problems and the questions of today. we can't rely on the views and opinions of people 500,1,000 years ago. you think all that learning is irrelevant? no, what i'm saying is clear — we need something that early muslims had during the first hundred years or so after, we had the freethinker is emerging, the mu'tazila, the rationalists of the day, pre—eminent freethinkers of the day and we need a little bit of that.

less about following blindly. it is fine about freethinkers and going back to the analogy with martin luther and the reformation, what martin luther had was a groundswell of opinion on his side. particularly in parts of northern europe. no, they... there were a lot of people deeply frustrated with the orthodoxies of the time. yes, yes. where is the groundswell of support that you claim? i think what you need to understand, no movement, including the luther movement, started with a majority of 5 million, 10 million, 20 million. never mind millions. let me... how many people really, really agree with you in the muslim community in britain today? i would say 10%, now, we're talking now about a00,000, 500,000 people. why haven't they put their heads above the parapet? because the 90% are threatening and intimidating them. they are intimidating them.

the 90% are saying they are heretics. that's the issue here. this is where we get to this long—running confrontation, sort of ideological—theological war that you seem to have declared upon the muslim establishment both in britain and in the wider world too. if you don't mind me saying, sir, you seem to relish all—out permanent confrontation. well, i was a fighter during apartheid times. i believe when there is injustice, you need to fight it. i fought the political injustice — now it's time to fight religious injustice and if the religious clergy, the orthodoxy and the establishment are saying, for example, the mosques are for men only and women are not welcome, and so forth, that is a direct contradiction of the koran chapter 62 verse 9. when the clergy says it is fine to stone to death people for adultery and blasphemy, apostasy and homosexuality, and all that stuff, they can't quote you from the koran. they quote secondary sources. so here you are, the champion

of openness and tolerance within the muslim religion, and yet, when it comes to specifics — and let us get to the issue of the day in the uk, because it was raised a few days ago by boris johnson, it has been a big topic of conversation in the country ever since — and that is the place of the burqa or more accurately, in most cases, the niqab, as clothing for women and whether it's acceptable in the uk, you, farfrom being open and tolerant, say things like this. you described them as "hideous tribal ninja—like garments, fundamentally pre—islamic, therefore un—muslim." where is tolerance and understanding in the phrase "hideous, tribal, ninja garments?" i'll tell you where it is. if these people say they are doing it for their own personal reasons, free choice, and never used one word of religion, never said it is to do with islam, the koran, their spiritual journey and religious requirement,

then of course i will be the first one to say they have that right to do so... surely they can say it brings them closer to god? who are you to say what rights they have in their own personal religion? the koran is clear, they say do not make something haram that is halal. do not invent things. they are inventing things. they are saying facial coverings, facial masking as i call it, facial masking is part of islam. when they say that, that is a lie. repeating a lie ad infinitum does not make it the truth. i wonder how you reacted to the 100, count them, 100 women who wrote to the conservative party chairman to protest borisjohnson‘s remarks when he referred to the niqab and the covering of the face for a very few women in the uk, as looking like letterboxes. comparing them at one point to armed robbers. the 100 women wrote and said, "we are women who wear the niqab,"

and i quote, "we speak as free women who are able to speak for ourselves and make our own choices and we request that all personal choices be respected." and you won't respect that? hang on. what they have done is shifted the goalposts, they always do it. when they are defeated theologically, there is nothing in the koran to say they have face masking, and you and your listeners need to be aware that no woman going to mecca and the pilgrimage is allowed to wear a face mask. by the way, that is refuted as well. lord sheikh, a leading muslim peer, says he has been to mecca and the kaaba has seen women wearing these face coverings. with due respect, lord sheikh is an insurance broker and an unelected politician. it doesn't mean he can't go to mecca. of course he can, but he's not an expert in the field. if one of two women are covering their faces, that's fine.

the hadith says you are not supposed to cover yourself. you don't even rely on the hadith. he is quoting the hadith. there's no point quoting it. you can't have your cake and eat it. i'm talking about the koran. let's get back to the women. theologically, they are defeated and then they talk about civil rights. that's defeated, because the european court of human rights and the national declaration of human rights and the un, no way they say that facial masking is part of human rights. the third one, individual choice. i have no issue if they are saying it's a choice but have they stripped it out of religious connotations? they haven't. now they are saying it is free individual choice. that is the issue here. you use, it seems to me, dehumanising language when it comes to discussing this particular issue of the burqa and niqab. yeah, we should... not only dehumanising language, but going back a few years, i believe about seven years, you held a demonstration in oxford, where your mosque is, burning, burning these garments. yes, yes, a tribal rag that has

nothing to do with islam. a "tribal rag," you call it? a tribal raga that has nothing to do with islam. for people to project it as islam... the language you use is dangerous. it may be uncomfortable for some people. it's not a question of that. think about the phrases you are throwing into the public debate and the impact they have... they need to understand it's got nothing to do with islam and if you need some harsh language, i will use it. we should stop pussyfooting about this and give it some sort of islamic credence. it has no islamic credence. it may have a tribal credence, it may have an ethnic or cultural credence but it has no islamic, koranic credence. because you are a muslim, do you think that gives you a right to use language which, if it were used by a non—muslim, in this context, of discussing the place of particular garments or, indeed, muslim symbols in british society — if it were used by non—muslims, it would be described

by the equality and human rights commission as inflammatory and divisive. i use those phrases because that is the phrase that commission has used when similar language is used by non—muslims. why are we now censoring people's language? either we've free speech and the right to offend. here at the bbc, ijust came in through, there is a statue of george orwell and he says something like, if liberty is to mean anything, it must mean the right to say things that people don't want to hear. and with freedom comes responsibility. yeah, absolutely. is it responsible to use this kind of language? as we've seen in the last few days, since borisjohnson‘s remarks on the whole heated debate about the burqa in the uk, we've seen, according to tell mama, an organisation which monitors islamophobia in the uk, we've seen a very significant rise in the number of incidents, attacks directed at muslim women in the uk wearing burqa, hijab, niqab. an organisation that doesn't have much credibility, with due respect to you.

islamaphobia is real. let me refer to these statistics on the rise of islamophobic incidents in the uk. let go back to a point i want to make, islamaphobia is the wrong term, it isn't some phobia against islam. it's a resentment of muslim behaviour. muslims are... for example, i arrived in this country as a young student many, many years ago. there was no such thing as islamaphobia and muslim bigotry, this has now arisen in the last 20—30 years when muslims are now demanding exceptionalism. for example, you are the great defender of liberal rights, and other people here. here we've a double rule here. a man cannot walk down the street masked, but somehow a woman can in the united kingdom. so to be clear then... i'm saying... let's turn the temperature down a little bit, let's try and work through these issues one by one. are you saying to me therefore, given your logic, you want a complete ban on the niqab in the uk? all facial masking for everyone, otherwise we should all be able

to have the right to mask our face. for example, if i want to go to my bank tomorrow and in a facemask then i should be allowed that. if i'm not going to be allowed that, then we've inequality. why are we justifying social inequality? you pose as a new kind of muslim, seeking out a new form of your religion — liberal, open, progressive, tolerant — and yet one of the first things you want to do is issue a national ban, a new law banning women wearing the clothing they choose to wear? france has done it, belgium has done it, denmark has done it, austria has done it. amnesty international and a whole host of independent human rights groups... and the world hasn't collapsed there. no, the world hasn't collapsed but it's a question of what kind of society you want to live in. you talk about openness, tolerance... yes, openness, tolerance for people who actually saying they don't... not for people that disagree with you?

no, they disagree with the koran. you sound like a fundamentalist. you may say that. your view of what the koran allows and disallows is the only view accepted? no, if you say a protestant following the bible, you've got to provide the evidence from the bible. if you say you're a muslim, you have to provide evidence from the koran. so where in the koran, mr sackurm, is the evidence that facemasking so where in the koran, mr sackur, is the evidence that facemasking is permitted and tolerated and encouraged by the koran? it's not a question of whether it's specifically permitted, you're implying that it is specifically ruled out of order by the koran, and i'm not sure where that verse is either. i'm not saying that, i'm saying these people defending the burqa, defending facial masking on the basis of a religion, they are lying. they are not being truthful. let's move onto a different aspect of the language you use, and i talked about the notion of responsibility coming with the freedom of expression. you've used a phrase, fifth columnist. you've talked about muslims in this country who you say use issues like the burqa to go much further. you say their fifth columnists who will only be

satisfied when they've brought this country into a full form of sharia law. are you serious about that? yes, i think this is a long—term objective. fifth columnist? you know that phrase very well? of course i do, general franco and all staff of that nature. let me explain, people like anjem choudary and these radical extremists, they are all that, they are talking specifically of the islamic republic... no, no, no. forgive me, that's not the point you were making, you were making a point about the muslim council for britain and other mainstream organisations which have been very angry about the comments of boris johnson and others and you say, "oh, all of those people who enter this debate on the side of defending the freedom of women to wear the burqa are in essence this columnists." i put it to you that's the kind of language we normally hearfrom far—right extremist organisations. you are misrepresenting

me, mr sackur. you are definitely misrepresenting the. when i'm talking about a fifth column, i'm not talking about muslim organisations, i'm talking about the fringe element who will not be content with this, and their long—term aim is this. now, whether they're going to achieve that, i'm very doubtful. i've mentioned the fact that if, for some weird reason, god forbid, this country becomes an islamic republic of britain, i don't want to be part of it. i do not want to live... you know who else uses the phrase... i do not want to live under any type of sharia law, here, there or anywhere. there are groups around europe who talk about muslims being potential fifth columnists. they tend to be from the far—right, from parties in eastern europe, from germany, france, who will identify as being against the muslim religion. for example, the afp senior figure alexander gauland, he said the muslim religion "does not belong in germany, its political doctrine is not compatible with that of a free country." your language sounds like his. no.

if you'd listened to me right at the beginning, i'm talking about an islam based on the koran. then he and all other far right will have no issues. we're talking about a manifestation of islam based on culture, based on secondary sources that have perverted and deformed it. for example, wahhabi salafi islam, would you say that that's an authentic version of what the koran preaches? no! it is bad version of islam that is so dangerous everywhere, it is that version of islam that is so dangerous everywhere, notjust in the middle east and, by the way, i don't care what they do in the middle east. i'm actually worried about what's happening in the united kingdom, which is my home. i do not want to see this type of poisonous toxic islam taking hold. it has taken hold here. may i stop you for a second? you have set up to mosques, one in cape town, one in oxford. in those mosques you have men and women pray together, there's no segregation. you have women lead prayers as well as men. you invite gay people to come just the same as everybody else. am i right?

no... i mean, partly. men and women don't pray together, they are in two rows, right to the front, there's no partition. they're not in the back. there's a little, sort of, invisible aisle between the two. women one side to the front of the pulpit. men on the other side to the front of the pulpit. we do that. regarding people's sexual orientation or their other proclivities, we don't care. if someone enters the mosque and he hasn't paid his child benefits or whatever, we don't care. my point is we began with discussing the number of people you've reached out to that are now in your movement, and the numbers are quite small... they're growing. i was going to say, i'd imagine you'd like those numbers to grow. they are growing. do you think it helps your cause, your reach—out, if one can say the broad majority of muslims in britain today, the mainstream is of muslims in britain today, when you use the language of "tribal rags" for the burqa, for example, when you talk about fift columnist.

do you think your approach to this very important issue is going to bring british muslims onto your side? i mentioned the figures before, 90% of the of orthodoxy. you can give them any proof, they don't believe you. my point is... are you genuinely trying to persuade them of your arguments... yes. ..or are you just looking for a fight? no, 10%, that's my target. we're talking about 400,000 to 500,000 people, that's the target. these are people who are fed up with cultural islam. fed up with mullah islam, fed up of saudi version of islam. the saudis bringing the four ms into this country and elsewhere — money, mullahs, mosques and madrasas, and through those institutions and means they've imposed on their perverted version of islam onto us. we want islam back to the original version of islam. i understand what you're against, i'm just trying to seek out how best you pursue your own vision. a final thought for you, i've been thinking about different

muslim communities and cultures around the world, billions of muslim people. let's take one example, indonesia. i'm glad you mentioned that because i've got another answer for you there. let's end with that then. in indonesia, i'm going to quote to you the general secretary of one of the main muslim organisations, the nahdlatul ulama. now, he says, "we've achieved a de facto consensus in indonesia that the islamic teachings must be co ntextualised to reflect the ever—changing circumstances of our time and place." 0k. exactly. but he does not go for this confrontational anti—wahhabi, anti—saudi line that you go for. he's not in the business of confrontation and warfare, he's in the business of evolution and drawing people in. right, 0k. why are you not? luther wasn't a person threatening a deal with the pope. you started with that, i didn't make that comparison, you did. he didn't make a deal with the pope. when you see injustice in the society, in islam.

female repression, child custody, instant divorce, women not in the mosques, all of these things, blah, blah, blah, all of these things, where does that come from? indonesia, i'm glad you raised that, indonesia's the largest muslim country today. how did it become muslim in a span of 300 years? very short historical span. because when the early muslims, the merchants and the mystics arrived there, they integrated, adapted and adjusted to that society, and instead of foisting the culture from arabia and elswhere... they married local women, ate local food, and the first mosques were like temples. so that's the integrated islam that we need to have here. taj hargey, we could talk plenty more on this, but we've to end. thank you very much for being on hardtalk. thank you. thank you very much. hello there.

well, we should get off to a pretty sunny start across eastern areas of the country, before things generally turn cloudier later today, and that cloud will hang around into the weekend as well. weather front brought the rain yesterday. that's clearing out into europe, clearer skies following, but then we've got this next wodge of cloud. this weather front, this warm front, is going to be bringing warmer air across the uk, yes, but also we'll have outbreaks of rain spreading in as well. so, the forecast in a bit more detail. for the early risers, clear skies to start the day across england and wales, but further north and west, the clouds that bit thicker, and there'll be a few showers for western scotland and northern ireland. for the early risers, temperatures just into double figures, but in the countryside, single figures, so there will be a certain chill in the airfirst thing in the morning. now, quite quickly, england

and wales should get off to a sunny start on friday, before the cloud tends to thicken. it will stay bright across eastern areas, mind you, but later in the afternoon the cloud probably thick enough across, say, southern parts into the bristol channel to give us an odd spit of light rain or drizzle. further north and west, we've got some wet weather moving into northern ireland, the rain quite heavy here at times. that wet weather spreads to western scotland, north—west england and north—west wales, as well, through the day. temperatures — high teens to low 20s. and then, into the weekend, we'll continue to have this feed of pretty warm air across southern parts of the uk. so, even though we won't see much in the way of sunshine, temperatures still widely into the low—to—mid 20s. fresher conditions across the north of the uk, this low pressure bringing some strong winds as well. so we get off to a blustery start to the weekend. into scotland, exposed coasts and hills could have gusts of wind of 50mph, maybe even 60mph. but it will be quite a blowy start wherever you are. a lot of cloud around. some limited brighter spells possible, the best of these probably heading into eastern england and also the far north—east of scotland. but in between, we've

got a weather front, a weak one at that, that'll bring the thickest cloud across northern ireland, parts of northern england and southern scotland, where we could continue to see occasional spits of light rain or drizzle. and then, for the second half of the weekend, we're taking a look at this. this is subtropical storm ernesto, and it's going to be bringing some heavy rain to the united kingdom on sunday. now, probably the worst of the rain, getting away across northern ireland, northern england and in across scotland for the first part of sunday, should tend to clear through. in the south, cloud tending to thicken up, so we might well see some spots of rain, but not really amounting to too much. look at the temperatures — mild, quite humid in the south. we've got the fresher air there across more northern parts. so, to sum up this weekend, we are expecting it to be quite cloudy, and it will be quite wet at times, particularly in the north—west. this is the briefing. i'm maryam moshiri. our top story: # r—e—s—p—e—c—t # just a little bit...#

tributes for aretha from musicians to former presidents, praising her contributions to music and the fight for social justice. one year after the barcelona attacks, spain honours the 16 people who were killed. as a government investigation into italy's private motorway operator begins, we ask what might have caused the genoa bridge to collapse. coming up in the business briefing: a big puff for vaping, as e—cigarettes get the backing of the uk parliament, despite warnings from the world health organisation. also in business: electric shock — tesla founder elon musk under