night but across the north—west, thicker cloud, a breeze and some rain arriving. it looks like through the day it's going to turn downhill with outbreaks of rain in western scotland. eastern scotland and for much of england and wales, a dry day, variable cloud. some sunshine, temperatures 19—21d. heading into wednesday, and through to friday, largely dry thanks to the high pressure. some sunny spells and temperatures around the seasonal average. hello, this is bbc news, with lu kwesa burak. the headlines — the un says military leaders in myanmar should be investigated for genocide against the country's rohingya muslims — an estimated 700,000 fled the country to neighbouring bangladesh last year. police in the west midlands say they're searching for 21—year—old janbaz tarin after the fatal stabbing of two women in solihull. the victims have been identified as his former partner raneem 0udeh and and her mother khaola saleem. a study has found that food prices could rise by at least 5%

in the coming months, because of the unusually cold winter and long dry summer. and a 72—second silence has been held at the notting hill carnival to remember the victims of the fire at grenfell tower, which is close to the parade. now on bbc news, weather world. the team examines extreme temperatures and their impact on the whisky and wine industries. this time on weather world, we are in north east scotland, and we will be finding out how the weather affects one of this country's favourite exports. from field to bottle, whisky. nick and ifind out what is being done now to safeguard its future whatever the weather. and i'm at a vineyard

in west sussex, finding out how climate change and technology are shaping the glass of wine you drink at home. also, feeling the heat. temperatures hit new highs, ih a sweltering multi—continent heatwave. deadly wildfires and the race to escape as they spread with terrifying speed. and flash floods so ferocious they are hard to believe, we will bring you images from the world's biggest weather stories and storms. plus, out for the count. tracking puffins, as they face up to climate change in a fight for survival. whisky, a core part of scotland's national identity, and it is a massive moneymaker, as well.

there are over 100 distilleries, and last year exports hit a record high, with 1.2 billion bottles going to an almost insatiable overseas market. and this is where it all begins, with a crop of malting barley, ready to be harvested, and i'm going to do just that in that combine over there, while sarah finds out how weather can make or break or break a crop like this. let's get this barley cut. i am joined by ian green, a farmer here in moray, and you watch the weather forecast in a lot of detail. what would be your ideal conditions to produce the perfect crop to go on to make perfect whisky? the perfect weather for us to produce our barley would be moisture in the soil, nice daylight, long daylight and nice sunny days.

we have had the sun, but not the moisture. this year has been pretty memorable, particularly dry and hot, so how has the weather of this summer affected the quality of the crop? as you can see, the grain is not as full and plump as it should be so you're looking for a nice bold and bright sample of grain, so we have a nice colour because of the sunlight but unfortunately we just have not had enough moisture. that is a job well done, but what about looking forward with climate change, higher temperatures and maybe more intense frequent rainfall and longer droughts? how much is all of that in your mind when it comes to the future of the crop? climate is always in our mind as farmers and growers. with more extreme weathers, we have to react to that extreme weather and the way we grow our crops and harvest, so smaller harvest windows

and smaller drilling windows. thanks very much for showing us your operation and good luck with the rest of the harvest. the first heat of spring. it was so exciting then as europe emerged from the winter cold. the uk enjoyed its hottest april day since 1949 and the hottest early may holiday weekend on record, but unlike recent years, the heat stayed into summer, and it got hotter. temperatures soar across europe, and by early august, parts of iberia are in the grip of extreme heat. in portugal the temperature rose above 46. records fall injapan too, with a deadly heatwave injuly seeing the temperatures climbing above 41 celsius for the first time. thousands of people require hospital treatment. the heat hit hard in canada, too, dozens die in quebec,

as the temperature tops 30. in australia, a multi—year drought they are calling "the big dry" continues in new south wales. farmers struggle to feed their cattle and the country's prime minister declares, "we are now a land of droughts". back in the uk, it is notjust hot but also the driest start to summer on record, and england's green and pleasant land turns brown. a question for you, where did your last enjoyable glass of wine come from? france, italy, australia? in the future it could quite easily be somewhere like belgium orvines in england. that is all down to our changing climate. according to international organisation vine and wine, 2017 saw wine production fall to its lowest level in 60 years, largely down to traditional winemaking regions being subject to extremes from the weather, but it has created an opportunity for an english vineyards like this

one in west sussex. researchers at plumpton college are carrying out studies which could be crucial to some vineyards' future survival. just show us what we're looking at, what this is, first of all. so this is like a logger for temperature. this logger records the temperature every hour, so the minumum and maximum temperature. and quite a few of these around. 19. what data will you take off this? the minimum and maximum temperature for every area. we do this 365 days a year. a particularly warm day here in west sussex, but going to the top end of the vineyard, we talk about the different climate between wine regions, but within a vineyard microclimates can be outstanding. we are at the top of the vineyard and it is the difference between the top and bottom of the vineyard, it can be

around three, 4 degrees. that is a remarkable difference over one field. what kind of impact does that have on the grapes and how they grow? these will be more sugary, less acidic. for the same varieties. i suppose the research may help people how to plan. find somewhere else for a more suitable climate. fantastic, thank you very much. later in the programme, we will be looking a bit closer to home at how climate change is affecting the english wine industry. hot, dry and now on fire. wildfires rage on the moorland of northern england, some of the worst in living memory, and the scale of the devastation is hard to believe. these fires are in sweden, stretching up to the arctic circle, where the temperature soars to new highs.

in the usa, california's fire season is off to the worst start in a decade, claiming several lives. within weeks, a number of huge fires are alight including the largest in the state's history, burning an area the size of los angeles. and disaster in greece injuly, as a wildfire sweeps north—east of athens, killing more than 80 people. this fire like many of the others was started deliberately. india in may, and deadly dust storms, the worst in decades, sweeping across the north as the pre—monsoon heat peaks. over 100 people are killed. the monsoon rains bring heat relief. but in the indian state of kerala, the worst flooding in a century, hundreds killed in august and hundreds more in flooding across india.

in the uk, the summer heat is occasionally interrupted by strong thunderstorms, and the flash flooding that follows. and injapan, as the weather swings wildly from extreme heat to this, historic flooding swamping large areas of the country and killing around 200 people injuly, the worst flooding disaster here since 1982. earlier on, we looked at barley production. this summer's hot and dry weather may well affect the harvest. now we are on the hills above the glenlivet whisky distillery. the water here flows overground in streams and also underground in springs as well. and scientists from the university of aberdeen are here doing research to potentially safeguard the future. you are looking into the potential future impact of climate change.

why is that important to the distillery? yes, with future climate projections, we are expecting more extreme periods. of low flows and high temperatures, so reduced rainfall. what we're looking at for the project is the potential for using nature—based solutions to increase the volumes of water available and also more stable temperatures. so can you show me some of the monitoring that goes on here? we use this to measure the level of the stream, the volumes of the stream water, and also the temperature. while sarah and jess get on with that, i am withjosie from the university of aberdeen. we found that volume of water, temperature of water is important for the distillery, and with climate change both of those may be difficult to achieve. how do you mitigate that?

what are the nature—based solutions thatjess was talking about? the solutions are management strategies and are designed by our understanding of the natural processes occurring. you might have heard of the solution in the context of the other hydrological extremes, like flooding. what the strategies are designed for is to hold back and store water in the landscape and make that return to our streams slower. and the keyword is natural. how important is it that it is natural for the good of the environment? we don't want to be building any more of these structures and keeping the integrity of the landscape, but moreover, these can features have multiple benefits, not only potentially helping to mitigate floods and droughts, but it could also help to increase biodiversity and improve water quality, and even carbon storage. thank you. that is the water covered, we have harvested the barley

and just beyond those trees is the distillery where the two come together and the magic happens to produce whisky. we are going there soon. and now some of your weather watcher pictures, from the lightning storms that have lit up the skies across parts of the uk in may. around 15,000 lightning strikes were recorded in just four hours. to become a weather watcher, sign up by going to our website. and coming up, i'm back at a vineyard in west sussex finding out how climate change is shaping the english wine industry. we are looking at how weather and climate impact the world—famous whisky industry in scotland. earlier we saw how maintaining the quantity and temperature of the water supply is so important, and now we're in the distillery, where the barley we saw harvested earlier comes in here with the water

and is all mixed together in the mash tun, where it is heated and you end up with a sugary liquid. this is transferred into the wash back where it is cooled, it ferments and you get alcohol. then all of this comes into play, talk about charlie and the chocolate factory, with an alcoholic twist. what does this do? these whisky stills are a real work of art shaped to an exact specification which helps to create the unique flavour of the whiskey. ronald can tell us a bit more about exactly what is happening. here we are doing a double distillation, taking the beer from the wash backs and putting it through stills. the first set to my right are wash stills that take the alcohol to about 30% and the spirit stills take it up to about 60%. take it up to about 68%.

cooling waters are an important part of the process and we use about 2.5 million litres a day, the same as an olympic olympic—sized swimming pool. earlier on, we metjess and josie who are doing research into the temperature and volume of the water, so why is that so important to? we have a lot of experience of the amount of water we need for cooling purposes, but in terms of the processed water we need, we are using that for a cooling process where we take the liquid. what that means is that if the temperature is likely to increase in future we would need more water to do the same job, which could limit production. earlier on we were talking to a barley farmer explaining that his yield could be smaller this year. what impact could that have on future operations? in terms of the longer—term outlook we have had work done that suggests climate change might mean

there are more soils that could be suitable for growing barley, but to counteract that, some might need some irrigation in future. thank you forjoining us. a little bit later in the programme, we are hoping to get better acquainted with the final product. and now our weather review continues with flash floods and these breathtaking scenes from turkey in may. a man clings to the bonnet of a car as it is swept away after torrential rain in ankara. several people were injured. this is the us state of maryland, also in may, after 200 millimetres of rain injust two hours, barely two years since the summer flood devastated the city. and it's a dramatic rescue in iran in april, as a man is pulled to safety in flooding affecting towns and cities. switzerland in august,

and a torrent of mud triggered by heavy storms crashes into an alpine village, catching onlookers by surprise, nobody hurt. after the flood and mud has gone, some things the damage can't be repaired. turkey injuly, and the building collapses after flooding destroyed its foundations. this is fiji in april, feeling the force of a second cyclone in as many weeks. the prime minister says this pacific island nation is in a fight for survival as climate change brings almost constant deadly cyclones. may, and a rare powerful cyclone hits the arabian peninsula, this yemeni island, the storm went on to make landfall, the most intense here in modern records. it has been an unusually quiet

tornado season in the usa, but how is this for a stunning view in wyoming injuly? these holiday—makers in russia got more than they expected on a trip to the beach with an amazing view of a water spout swirling over the black sea injuly. lost and now found, thailand injuly, and 12 boys and their football coach are located deep within flooding caves, setting off a rescue mission that is a race against time as monsoon rains could have left them stranded for months. now to greenland. injuly, a large iceberg prompts evacuation is sending flooding soon sending flooding tsunamis towards the coastline. this is how they deal with ice in china, just blow it up. that's explosives.

breaking up the ice in spring lessens the risk of flooding when the temperature rises. but these people are very excited by ice and snow. you don't see it very often in chile's santiago, where there was a light covering injune. and the prize for the slushiest snowball fight ever goes to this one featuring the chilean president and his wife. there was a time when you couldn't imagine a quality english wine being produced from grapes like this but that has changed. here is the manager of the wine division at plumpton college. thank you forjoining us, chris. you have been involved in the wine industry for 30 years, what has changed with the english wine industry? the industry has completely changed, 30 years ago we were producing german style wines, chardonnay and pinot noir were nowhere near able to ripen, but now we're producing

excellent sparkling wines and even some very good still wines. what are the big drivers, technology or climate change ? the most important is climate change, vines are extremely responsive to different climates, and that is what defines english wine. while the english wine industry benefits, other parts of the world traditionally known for producing great wines are struggling. absolutely, and the big problem is lack of water because higher temperatures often means more evaporation, but they are getting varieties ripening too early in the year, and heavy alcoholic wines which are not that exciting. we have one of the most intensively monitored vineyards in the world and we are monitoring all the temperature at a local scale, and also the growth of the vines, and we can take some measurements through just looking at the vines, but the drone can get us numeric data we can process to see how they are growing

in different regions. we couldn't come to a vineyard without trying a glass of wine, so shall we try one now? who would have thought decades ago we would be sitting here enjoying an award—winning english sparkling wine. with climate change, what next? in england now, we have the climate that champagne had in the 20th century, so in a few years maybe we will be as warm as the loire valley or possibly even bordeaux. looking further south, across europe? thank you. cheers. just as a changing climate can bring opportunities, for one of britain's favourite sea birds, the puffin, the challengers the puffin, the challenges are serious and potentially deadly. as jennifer barton reports

from the farne islands off the coast of northumberland. surrounded by the rich waters of the north sea, the rocky islands are home to thousands of them, and every five years national trust rangers carry out the painstaking three—month task of counting every single one, investigating each burrow for signs of life. it is easy to see why the puffin is one of our favourite sea birds, they are colourful and charismatic but also under threat. the atlantic puffin is on the red list of threatened species, meaning globally it is a danger of extinction. in danger of extinction. over the last decade, numbers have dropped by thousands and it's thought climate change could be to blame as warming seas affect their main source of food, sand eels. in some places, the sand eels are moving north which means the puffins have to forage a lot further away to find food. we basically think that increased storm events mean increased mortality events which really affects the population. we have been on quite a whisky

journey here in scotland seeing the barley in the fields and the water coming in, and now at last the final product, we are doing some tasting. i have been looking forward to this all day long and to take us through our tasting, the guide is megan, so what is first on the menu. we will start with first our founders reserve. if you take it up and have a little smell, you should be getting through some citrusy fruits, fresh orange, lemon and lime. however, if you go ahead and try it, the flavours will slightly change, it will still be very sweet. however, it is a different type of sweetness coming through so you will get some syrupy fruits such as pear and even toffee apple, so very different. it always surprises me how strong it is!

i understand before it gets to the glass some will evaporate from the cask? exactly, and here we lose roughly about 2% alcohol volume every single year, so we think it is quite a lot but it is not compared to warmer countries, in barbados they lose about 12% every year, so we are very lucky in scotland. so the climate of scotland is perfect for whisky. but the weather varies across scotland very much so in different regions you can really taste different flavours? i would say it's more down to production. with the barley and the water, not too much flavour change, but with production, different types of stills and shapes of stills give you different character. that is lovely but we have

something even more special. we are going to be trying the 18—year—old. 0n the nose. you're taking my job! and finally, you may have heard of whisky on the rocks but here is a panda on the rocks. ice used to good effect to keep giant pandas cool here in china. and that's it for this time, from the glenlivet distillery. from plumpton college, cheers. don't forget you can see highlights from the previous programmes online. until next time, keep checking the forecast. cheers. music. you are getting those flavours coming through but there's

a little more spiciness. i can get marzipan from that one. lovely. sorry, ijust forget how strong it is! i'm not a whisky drinker. it may be obvious by now. cheers! what a vast improvement today, compared to that soaking day on sunday. for many of us it was a bank holiday, and it was pretty pleasant, variable amounts of cloud, if you sunny spells here and there can some of the best across southern counties of the best across southern counties of england. for this upcoming week with high—pressure largely in control it should be mainly dry for most of us, a little bit warmer, could just be a bit of rain around. it will be this feature that will bring it into the north—west corner of the country, because meanwhile we have had a big area of high pressure building. so for the rest of this

evening and tonight it should be largely dry, quite a bit of cloud around, holes in it across southern england could produce a mist and fog patches could be quite dense, is in scotla nd patches could be quite dense, is in scotland and north east england could be quite chilly, temperatures into single figures and across the north—west corner, the weather front slowly encroaching, the breeze and the cloud picking up as the night wears on. into tomorrow, a bright start, could be a bit of mist and fog to watch out for across southern england, and then through the afternoon, clouds will tend to build up afternoon, clouds will tend to build up pretty much like do this afternoon. but a change from north—west scotland, certainly, in towards the northern isles here. it will be cloudy with outbreaks of rain pushing on with the system. for eastern scotland, some sunshine around after that call start and the rest of england and wales, and also used in northern ireland should be largely dry, the best of the sunshine around the channel islands pushing into the southern counties of england. where you get the sunshine, 21 or 22 degrees,

otherwise the those 19 celsius. tuesday, the weather front sinks southward and is pliskova tending to wea ken southward and is pliskova tending to weaken as it does so. as we had on the wednesday, another feature will be moving up over the near continent, this is a thundery local spinning up off the coast of france. a bit of uncertainty as to how far west with that will extend but it could send a few showers into the channel islands and seven south—eastern parts of england, maybe some persistent rain into south—east england as the day wears on, but that should push away, thinking self eastwards, behind it, it turns brighter and drier with some sunshine, quite breezy across the western isles. high pressure builds on thursday and friday, largely dry, variable cloud, some sunny spells, temperatures around the seasonal average, high teens, in northern part of the country, low 20s in the south. hello, i'm ros atkins, this is 0utside source. the us reaches agreement with mexico on what could become a new trade agreement to replace nafta,

if, that is, canada agrees to go along too. the un says myanmar‘s army generals should face genocide charges — because of crimes they say were committed against rohingya muslims. the scale of the brutality and the systematic nature of the rape and violence indicate that they are part of a deliberate strategy to intimidate, terrorise or punish the civilian population. meanwhile president trump is criticised, because flags on buildings across washington remain at half mast in memory of senatorjohn mccain, but not at the white house.