you're watching beyond 100 days. thejournalist who helped bring down president nixon now turns his sights on donald trump. bob woodward has an explosive new book about life in this white house. the watergate reporter describes an administration where senior officials view the president himself as a threat to national security. he quotes the chief of staffjohn kelly as saying it is "crazytown." the opening day of hearings for the next us supreme courtjudge turn riotous with loud protests. protest throughout. so, here are the facts. judge kavanaugh is one of the most distinguished judges. mr chairman, i think we ought to have this loudmouth removed. the uk's most senior police officer calls for social media giants to cooperate more quickly after detectives were unable to access the facebook account of a suspect in the murder of a 13—year—old girl. also on the programme. labour has finally adopted the international definition of anti—semitism — but has included its own "free—speech clause".

the party hopes the decision will draw a veil over a damaging summer row. and colin kaepernick, the quarterback who took a knee during the playing of the national anthem, has become the new face of a nike advertising campaign. get in touch with us using the hashtag #beyond1000ays. hello and welcome — i'm katty kay in washington and christian fraser is in london. bob woodward helped bring down richard nixon. now the watergate journalist has turned his reporting on donald trump and the allegations in his new book are nothing short of explosive. according to mr woodward's account, mr trump's most senior staff see him as a childish liability who needs constant day to day management. the book titled "fear — trump in the white house," is based on hundreds of hours of deep background interviews with participants — but those interviewees are not named. here are a couple of particularly striking excerpts.

white house chief of staffjohn kelly apparently said of trump: "he's an idiot. it's pointless to try to convince him of anything. he's gone off the rails. we're in crazytown. i don't even know why any of us are here. this is the worst job i've ever had." woodward says there are few in mr trump's orbit that are spared from the president's insults. he often mocked hr mccaster, the former national security advisor, who he labelled "a cheep beer salesman". the commerce secretary wilbur ross was frozen out, "you are past your prime" he told him. and it will come as no surprise that he mocked the long—suffering attorney general, jeff sessions, who he said was "mentally retarded, this dumb southerner". the washington post broke this story and we are joined now by senior political reporter aaron blake. thank you forjoining the programme. thisjoins two other thank you forjoining the programme. this joins two other books written

about the trump white house. why is the bob woodward book different? well, i think the difference is that it's bob woodward. obviously the most explosive book we've seen so far was from michael wolff. it got a lot of attention over the course of several weeks. there were certain claims in that book picked apart and found to be not true, they were denied strongly by the people participating. i think it's more difficult to deny those reports when you've got someone like bob woodward who has written these kind of books about the past eight presidential administrations. this book carries more weight than we've seen in the past. by the looks of it, it includesjust as past. by the looks of it, it includes just as salacious details as we saw in the michael wolff bit, but more substantiated. that's the background and why people are going to pay the book a lot of attention. let's get into some of the specifics, particularlyjohn let's get into some of the

specifics, particularly john kelly. we played one of the greats from the book. how long can he stay in his job after this? well, we've all been waiting for him to come to an end in the white house for a long time. there have been moments over the course of his time where it seemed like he had to be hitting the exits pretty quickly. he has stood by the president through some of these difficult times, including when the president tangled with a gold star family. there have been other incidents in which he stood by his version of events. i wouldn't be surprised to seejohn kelly come out of this and say he's not being quoted accurately in the book and that he stands by the president. he certainly has a lot invested in the job and in succeeding as chief of staff. i wouldn't be terribly surprised if each tries to stick it out, knowing that he isn't expected to stay that much longer in general. if it was one man denying quotes

that would be fine but there are quotes peppered through the book, the likes of rob porter who the president stood up for when he resigned his position. rob porter said it felt like we will walking along the edge of the cliff perpetually, other times we would fall perpetually, other times we would fa ll over perpetually, other times we would fall over the edge. you get these reports of advisers whipping things away from his desk hoping he forgets what he's doing. yes. if there's one ta ke ta keaway what he's doing. yes. if there's one take takeaway from these exerts its that these staffers don't trust the president to carry out his duties. they feel they have to undercut him oi’ they feel they have to undercut him or hide things from him in cases. there are cases of the former chief economic adviser taking away pieces of paperfrom economic adviser taking away pieces of paper from the president's desk when it looked like he was going to pull out of trade agreements. in some cases these when things the president would follow up. it's not like he was consistent in pushing

for various things throughout his presidency. i think it's clear that the best interpretation is that the people who work for the president are trying to make it work, they are trying to guard against his worst impulses and make the best of a bad situation. what will alarm people outside america is how close we appear to have come, if the book is correct, to all—out conflict. not only in syria but in north korea. it seems it isjim matters who is the difference, who is the man keeping us difference, who is the man keeping us from the brink. that was a particularly interesting exchange recount it here. the president told his defence secretary that he wanted to assassinate bashar al—assad in syria after the chemical weapons attack. mattis said after the call they won't actually going to move forward with that. it sounds like we

have a defence secretary who ignored an orderfrom have a defence secretary who ignored an order from the have a defence secretary who ignored an orderfrom the president have a defence secretary who ignored an order from the president which have a defence secretary who ignored an orderfrom the president which is an orderfrom the president which is a remarkable set of circumstances but i think his eighth crystallisation of how the aids and cabinet officials in this case seem to be disregarding many of the things trump says and hoping he doesn't follow up on them in the future. thank you. bob woodward works for the washington post, that's probably why they seem to have got advance notice of this book which doesn't come out for another week. make no mistake, it is sending shock waves through washington. it's different from the michael wolff book because there were errors in that book which were immediate. he has always been seen as a slightly sensationalist journalist. has always been seen as a slightly sensationalistjournalist. you has always been seen as a slightly sensationalist journalist. you can't say that about bob woodward. he's written books about president clinton, president obama and president bush. all of those presidents took seriously what he wrote about them, and now he's

turned his sights on donald trump. the portrait he is painting you have to say is a very damning portrait of a white house that even the chief of staff is describing as crazy town. senate hearings can be pompous, long—winded and yes, even rather tedious affairs. which makes today's riotous event on capitol hill a noteworthy exception. the confirmation process for brett kavanaugh, the nominee to be the next us supreme courtjustice, was wild. democratic senators hijacked the first hour and a half of the proceedings with repeated, procedural complaints — from the back rows protestors yelled their objections. republicans then cried foul, saying the opposition should be held in contempt of court. it all seemed to reflect the angry tone of politics in the age of trump. here's how the hearing played out in just the first few minutes. i welcome everyone to this confirmation hearing on the nomination ofjudge brett kavanaugh... mrchairman. you're out of order, i'll proceed. we cannot possibly move forward,

mr chairman, with this hearing. i extend a very warm welcome... we have not been given an opportunity to have a meaningful hearing on this nominee. mr chairman, we received 42,000 documents that we haven't been able to review last night, and we believe this hearing should be postponed. ..this is an exciting day for all of you here, and you're rightly proud... mr chairman, if we cannot be recognised, i move to adjourn. the american people... mr chairman, i move to adjourn. so, why is it so contentious? well, because this is an appointment is for life. at the moment the court is finely balanced. there are four supreme justices who lean to the right, and four that lean to the left. justice kennedy who retired was always known as the swing vote. but brett kava naugh is a safe conservative bet. which tips the balance of the court — and will do for a generation. up on capitol hill for us, where those hearings are taking place, is ron christie, former advisor to george w bush. you know brett kavanaugh well, we

should put that in there. i've never seen should put that in there. i've never seen a should put that in there. i've never seen a senate hearing quite like this one, have you? good afternoon. the any exception i would say i can think of is the confirmation hearing forjustice clarence think of is the confirmation hearing for justice clarence thomas think of is the confirmation hearing forjustice clarence thomas in the early 19905, where forju5tice clarence thomas in the early 19905, where you saw a lot of 5enator5 grilling the nominee. what i find so unprecedented about this morning is the demonstrations. there are so many morning is the demonstrations. there are so many people scattered throughout the roman who would stand up, shout at the judge and disrupt the hearings. then you have the democrats who are so displeased this was moving forward that they continually tried to stop proceedings. certainlya continually tried to stop proceedings. certainly a political road show like we have not seen in a generation on capitol hill. we should say that several of the democrats making those objections we think have presidential ambitions and that might be why we are seeing them do this. clearly the democrats

are not happy about this confirmation hearing, is incredibly important for the future of this country, about the way it has been handled. they feel they haven't had access to documents. last night, thousands of documents were sent over to the senate committee hearings. how do they have a chance to read them overnight? well, the democrats have a point. i've heard it's upwards of 40,000 documents produced. the white house and judge kavanaugh's detractors and supporters would say that the democrats have had ample opportunity to review 12 years of his time on the bench, the opportunity to review thousands of documents. and they are trying to use this process to slow the nomination proceedings down rather than seeking truth because many of the same people we saw this morning saying they needed more time have already publicly stated they weren't going to vote for the judge in the first place. i know you think it is the prerogative of any

president to nominate to the supreme court bench, but the elephant in the ring today was very much what went on in 2016 with the failure of the republicans to contemplate his appointment to the bench. is that what is really going on here?|j think what is really going on here?” think so. i think has a republican it was a mistake that the republicans didn't have the opportunity to have a hearing for merrick garland. he has the opportunity to present himself and that chance was not afforded to him, in the same manner it is forjudge kavanaugh. in the same manner it is forjudge kava naugh. that in the same manner it is forjudge kavanaugh. that being said, this level of disruption, this partisanship we'd seen on display will only get worse as the hearings continued to proceed. i think it does a disservice for those of us who want to see whether the judge is qualified, what his opinions are and how that swing vote, as you've noted, how this newjustice can

place himself if he is confirmed to be an the supreme court. this morning katty was saying it's far more interesting than i thought! laughter that is absolutely true. more interesting than i thought! laughter that is absolutely truem is. for those of us who love watching politics, this was great sport. i'm sitting there, you guys we re sport. i'm sitting there, you guys were watching, but the reality is that this is one of the most important thing is a president can do, to nominate someone to the bench. judge kavanaugh has this opportunity to be heard and i hope that democrats and republicans will have the respect and decorum and dignity that these proceedings frankly deserve. thank you, ron christie. you are never rude and a lwa ys christie. you are never rude and always have decorum. the most senior police officer in britain, the metropolitan commissioner cressida dick, says social media companies should

hand over "vital evidence" connected to criminal investigations "within minutes" of it being requested. it comes after hampshire police were unable to access the facebook account of a man suspected of murdering a 13—year—old girl in southampton in july, because he wouldn't give them his password. facebook says there are well—established legal mechanisms that police follow to obtain such information. but officers say it takes far too long. duncan kennedy reports. it's ok to grieve and be upset. for pupils at lucy's school in southampton, the excitement of the first day of term was mingled with the sadness of her death. in a special assembly, they remembered her and listened as the headteacher spoke of lucy's irrepressible personality, and how her loss had touched everyone. it is ok to cry. i've cried. a lot. it's ok to feel sad. it's ok to feel down. lucy, who was 13, seen in this security footage the day she disappeared in july. her body was later found in woodland

next to a park in southampton. she had been stabbed. police arrested a man called steven alan nicholson on suspicion of murder. he was not charged, and was later given bail. but last friday at southampton crown court, he was jailed for 14 months for failing to give the police the password to his facebook account. he had pleaded guilty to breaking a law calling on people to disclose passwords in a police investigation. today the head of the metropolitan police said companies like facebook should unlock these accounts much more quickly. law enforcement in the uk ought to be able to have vital evidence which might bring somebody to justice. within minutes rather than through some protracted process? absolutely, but there are complex practical and legal things for them, which i do respect. and lucy's mother agrees with that, saying facebook should unlock this account and hand over the details to the police. stacey white says it would be

easy for them to do so, and all she wants is justice for her daughter. but facebook says it is bound by a legal agreement between the united states and britain governing access to its data, and it says it can't just bypass the system. one former facebook executive says the agreement is out of date. i think it's absolutely not fit for purpose. this procedure that exchanging criminal information was built for exchanging information on drug traffickers and fugitives. it was built before the internet age. the police say they have other lines of inquiry whilst access to the facebook account is resolved, and say they need every tool possible when investigating the most serious of crimes. duncan kennedy, bbc news, in southampton. a little earlier we spoke to our technology correspondent rory cellan jones. are their legal and privacy issues

that mean facebook can't give these details over? facebook publicly has been saying very little beyond expressing sympathy to the family involved and saying they are working closely with law enforcement. they've been briefing a lot in the background about that process which is called the mutual legal assistance treaty. it's basically an agreement between the uk and us governments about what happens when one set of law enforcement wants to get hold of data that is effectively controlled in one country. they say there is this process, we don't like it, we don't think it's very efficient either, we are impatient with how long it takes. they are blaming it on the system and saying oui’ blaming it on the system and saying our hands are clean. this isn't the

first time a tech company has been taken to task over an issue like this here in the states after the san bernardino this here in the states after the san berna rdino killings this here in the states after the san bernardino killings we had apple under pressure from the government to unlock an iphone. when does this get resolved? to unlock an iphone. when does this get resolved ? does to unlock an iphone. when does this get resolved? does it have to be resolved by the us government and legislation, or will it be resolved by tech companies individually? what we've seen over the last few years is mounting pressure on facebook, and google, an apple, to accede to these demands. they've mostly resisted but i think they've become more and more vulnerable because of the reputational damage they've suffered in recent years. politicians on both sides of the atla ntic politicians on both sides of the atlantic who have thought, who wa nted atlantic who have thought, who wanted to embrace these companies, the white heat of new technology, where hugely enthusiastic and have become a lot less enthusiastic. they are under pressure from their own law enforcement agencies, particularly on the issue of

encrypted material and the speed of action of these tech companies. i think they are feeling the heat but they are hiding behind orfeel they have the protection of a legal process agreed by the two governments. thank you. so, with more of a whimper than a bang, and after months of "avoidable" self harm, jeremy corbyn and labour's ruling national executive have agreed to adopt in full, the international definition of anti—semitism. the party has included its own "free speech" clause, emphasising the right to non—racist free speech when discussing middle eastern politics. let's speak to chris mason who has been outside the headquarters of labour's national executive. we say with more of a whimper than a bang because some people were spoiling for a fight but perhaps after the resignation of frank field from the whip's office, maybe they thought we are going to adopt this and put it to bed. i think certainly politically there was pressure

within the party for labour to be seen within the party for labour to be seen to try and sort this out once and for all, simply because of the opportunity cost of not doing so. in other words, the headlines around labour dominated by the anti—semitism row to the exclusion of everything else. the party had a plan for unveiling various ideas about domestic policy, but no one was listening because the focus was this row about anti—semitism. the volume of it was extraordinary. a few weeks ago benjamin netanyahu the israeli prime minister wading into a i’ow israeli prime minister wading into a row involving an opposition party in a foreign country here in the uk. this discussion has gone on for five hours this afternoon on a back—to—school day at westminster with mps returning. a couple of hours ago, news from the labour party that they are going to adopt the full definition of the international holocaust remembrance alliance and all of the examples tacked onto that. but with a caveat

saying that it will retain the right to freedom of expression and israel oi’ to freedom of expression and israel or the rights of the palestinians. already some in the jewish or the rights of the palestinians. already some in thejewish community say it is a caveat that shouldn't be there. thank you. when the american footballer colin kaepernick went down on one knee during the national anthem two years ago — his form of protest against police brutality towards african americans — he started a massive political storm. president trump in particular has lambasted him and others for a lack of patriotism. but mr kaepernick‘s main sponsor nike, has gone the other way. it has made him the poster boy of its latest ad campaign — 30 years after it launched its famous slogan "just do it". caroline rigby reports. "believe in something, even if it means sacrificing everything" — the words of former nfl quarterback colin kaepernick, part of an advertising campaign for the sports brand nike. kaepernick was at the san francisco

49ers when he began kneeling during the national anthem in the 2016 nfl season, a protest against racial injustice and police brutality — what he saw as state oppression against african—americans and people of colour. his actions sparked a wider movement and national debate, criticised by some, including president trump, for being disrespectful to both the american flag and the military. now a free agent, kaepernick is suing the nfl, alleging team owners colluded to prevent him from signing with another team. being chosen as the face of nike's latest advertising venture is likely to be welcomed by many, but raise eyebrows too. in a statement, the company said... nike hasa

nike has a long history of supporting people who align themselves to their brand. this will send out a message they should no longer be afraid to speak up against something that is unjust. news of kaepernick‘s involvement comes just days before the first game of the new nfl season, where protests could once again flare up. this advert yet more proof that sports continues to be a front line in the american political and racial divide. caroline rigby, bbc news. inevitably, because this is so divisive in america, there are people who are very angry about this. just do it has become

#justburnit online. we've seen pictures of people setting fire to their nike trainers. the point is, nike must have done their research before they inserted themselves into this controversy. they've probably worked out that the people who buy trainers are younger, probably liberal and more diverse members of the population than older voters. so they think this is probably worth it. yes, their share price fell 3% by it. yes, their share price fell 396 by the way when the campaign was announced, but as you say they've looked at their customer base and employee base and decided this was something they were prepared to take an initial hit on and most of their consumers tend to be younger and perhaps more liberal and diverse, and that this will actually benefit them in the long run. it's part of a pattern i've seen recently of companies being expected to weigh in on political and social issues. to be more socially responsible. to be more vocal about issues that perhaps

ceos wouldn't have spoken out about ten yea rs ceos wouldn't have spoken out about ten years ago when companies were very resistant to keep some kind of political neutrality. now they have to speak out. you've got airlines, starbucks, google, all of these companies saying we will take a political stand and that reflects what millennial ‘s want them to do. nike isa what millennial ‘s want them to do. nike is a commercial partner of the lea k nike is a commercial partner of the leak as well. —— the league. this is beyond 100 days from the bbc. coming up for viewers on the bbc news channel and bbc world news — the battle for idlib, as russian planes launch air strikes on the syrian rebel—held stronghold. and, how old is your heart? we'll be looking at an online test to determine your risk of a heart attack or a stroke. that's still to come. today was a dry and bright today

after a chilly start. further south and east we had more cloud around. tomorrow with high pressure dominating its going to be another fairly dry day with some spells of sunshine. today has been complicated, a weather front approaching the north—west. one line through central areas and another one across the near continent. each one across the near continent. each one bringing a band of cloud. this one bringing a band of cloud. this one with a bit of a grey day and the odd spot of rain. it will continue to fizzle out as we head and threw the cause of tonight. meanwhile, this weather front could push further west to bring heavy, thundery showers to east anglia and in towards kent. across the northwest will see more cloud because of the other weather front. it's going to be chilly with scotla nd it's going to be chilly with scotland and northern ireland and particularly the far north of england not quite as cold. for

wednesday, we will continue to see that weather front moving away, allowing for sunny spells to develop. if you showers raising the far south—east and some rain pushing into the northwest. temperatures 17-22 in into the northwest. temperatures 17—22 in the south—east. as we head into thursday we've got high—pressure to the west of the country, low pressure developing to the east. that will set up more of a north—westerly wind across the country. a cooler direction whatever time of year. it will feel pressure across the board through thursday with outbreaks of rain or showers across scotland into northern england. further south and west, sunny spells with variable cloud in the top temperature of 20. temperatures are beginning to come down and feeling cooler in northern areas. this area of low—pressure deepening as we head into friday. quite an unsettled day, blustery and windy across scotland and the north—east. outbreaks of pretty heavy rain. further south and west,

a better chance of staying dry. it's going to be called wherever you are. 14, maybe 18 or 19 in the south. it stays and settled into the start of the coming weekend and saturday more u nsettled. the coming weekend and saturday more unsettled. it could be drier and bright and a bit warmer on sunday. this is beyond 100 days with me katty kay in washington, christian fraser is in london. our top stories. watergate reporter bob woodward turns he attention to president trump — in his explosive new book he quotes the chief of staffjohn kelly as saying it is "crazytown." russian war planes have launched air strikes on the syrian rebel stronghold of idlib, as government troops prepare for a major offensive. coming up in the next half hour. a steep rise in children contracting measles across europe — as italy plans to suspend compulsory vaccinations. how old is your heart? ? chances are it's a lot older than you are. we'll be looking at the online test to determine your risk

of a heart attack or a stroke. let us know your thoughts by using the hashtag ‘beyond—one—hundred—days‘. russian war planes have launched air strikes on the syrian rebel stronghold of idlib, as government troops prepare for a major offensive. the strikes come hours after president trump sent a warning to the assad regime and its allies. mr trump tweeted that assad ‘must not recklessly attack the idlib province' and that ‘russians and iranians would make a grave humanitarian mistake to take part in a potential human tragedy.‘ over the past week un officials have been working around the clock to try to avoid what they say would be a ‘humanitarian catastrophe‘. idlib is the last major area of resistance. as the assad government has been retaking control over regions across the country, rebel fighters and civilians have negotiated deals for safe passage to the north. and until now the region has been under a fragile ceasefire monitored by turkey.

within idlib there are rebel fighters as well as the various islamist groups linked to al-qaeda, who have vowed to fight until the end. and among them, some 3 million civilians. turkey has already sealed its border so — should an assault begin, these people would have nowhere to flee. well, to talk more about this, joining me now in the studio is jennifer cafarella, from the institute for the study of war. thank you for coming in. we‘ve seen indications that a full out could be imminent from the russians, iranians, the syrians, they all have true movements in the area. do you think that this will happen with turkey worried about any refugee crisis spilling over to their border? it is still unclear whether a ground operation will occur and if it does what the scale would be. turkey is applying significant

military pressure in an attempt to block that offensive. in part by strengthening defences across the country province. we‘ve had continued indications from the coalition behind resident assad that they are committed to some kind of military escalation in idlib. russia has conducted some air strikes on the part of the border that turkey has leased reinforced. what did you make of president trump, at one stage he said speaking to the russians and the assad regime, do not let that happen. what does he mean? it is an open question what america is prepared to do, i‘m hopeful that we have the will to continue to uphold not the red line but any deterrent against the use of chemical weapons in idlib but i‘m concerned that the us is not willing to ta ke concerned that the us is not willing to take action to prevent a ground operation. if it is unclear to me in

washington i wager it would also be clear in damascus for president said exactly what kind of pressure he would face from the us. certainly there is diplomatic drescher applied and that combined with the turkish military reinforcement of idlib, it could be sufficient, it remains to be seen. the west as we know has been rather important when it comes to syria. we have present rohani in a meeting but the west is nowhere to be seen. indeed although turkey in this case is opposing russia and iran in idlib which is different. these tripartite meetings have historically been in some cases our coordination of who is going to do what in syria. now we have turkey pitted against russia for the first time in quite some time as they focus back to western syria and at least right now away from focusing on undermining the us in the east.

and if idlib falls that would mean the end of the rebel movement as we have known it? well i think the rebel movement as we have known it is already dead but the loss of idlib would deal a blow to turkish influence in the area and further constrict the surviving elements of the armed opposition. to turkish held areas north—west of aleppo. so it would remove the armed resistance to resident assad and be a major step forward for the assad regime. only a generation ago, measles killed up to two and a half million people a year worldwide. then vaccination programmes dramatically reduced that number. now there is a resurgence of the disease in europe. romania and italy each reported more than 5000 cases in the last year. and italy is on the way to reversing the law that made vaccinations compulsory. this report from james reynolds contains pictures of people being given injections, so if you don‘t want to see those, look away now. manuela has brought her

eight—month—old son samuel for his compulsory jabs. he can‘t start in nursery without his official certificates, but his mother is here very reluctantly. translation: i am only doing this because they are mandatory. i am worried about what is in them. this fear, not backed by scientific findings, stops some parents from getting their kids inoculated. it has caused measles to rise. the previous government reacted by making jabs mandatory. translation: it is a small percentage of people who don‘t want to get vaccines. our objective is to reach 95% of the population, and in this sense the current law is helping. but the new populist government may get rid of compulsory vaccinations. the interior minister matteo salvini told a crowd in tuscany that children can‘t be left out

of schools simply because they haven‘t been vaccinated. ariana, a teacher, told me she decided not to give her five—year—old daughter the measles jab. translation: i am for free choice and against mandatory, mass, indiscriminate vaccinations. i think evaluation should be done case—by—case. every child is different. italy‘s new populist mood is based on the assumption that individuals know better than governments, doctors and experts, but scientists warned that this belief puts the country‘s health at risk. it causes diseases like measles to spread. italy‘s most senior paediatrician now has to persuade families to ignore their unfounded fears about vaccines. when you give this kind of information, it is very hard

to change the mind of the people. we are trying to do our best but probably what we need is really education, also in the school, but it is not only an italian problem, it is a worldwide problem. the rejection of accepted science means the return of a disease which can be fought with a proven vaccine. in the end, though, the politics is much more complicated than the medicine. ames reynolds, bbc news, rome. a short while ago we spoke to dr siddhartha datta, who is an expert on vaccine—preventable diseases and immunisation at the world health organisation. do you think it‘s because of this research which has now been discredited from 20 years ago, linking the multiple measles vaccine to autism, that we have seen the rate of vaccinations decline across europe? or are there different factors at play here? thank you so much. i think this study has been discredited as you said. and it is true, but the who feels

that the reasons of low vaccine uptake in europe are actually multifactorial. they are actually specific to the countries we talk about. you know, they range from vaccine stocks in some countries, also misinformation about the disease. complacency about the disease to some extent. and also it relates to some of the population not being able to access the vaccination service. so it is a combination of different factors. you will know that it is hard to change people‘s minds on immunisation. but maybe changing minds is not so important because there is plenty of evidence that if you put tough laws in place, people do go and get vaccinated. i think the context is that we have to answer people‘s concerns. we need to make sure that we allay the fears of parents

when they bring their child in. and the system that has been put in place in a country depends upon the local context which will make sure that the vaccination coverage is high. the who like i said recommends all countries to look into the context, which is more befitting to their own health system, befitting to the people‘s behaviour and then take adequate measures which is tailored to their own setting. and this also relates to the point that if any parent when they bring their baby to a physician, they need to listen to them, need to allay their fears. and give scientific facts in very plain language. so that they can understand the benefits of this vaccine. thank you very much indeed for your time. thank you so much for having me. there is good data available that if

you put tough laws in place that people get vaccinated. back in california in 2014 they had a sudden spike in disneyland, 100 kids caught the disease and they slipped below that 95% vaccination measure in that county. so the put a law in place and the vaccination rate went up. but of course the italians are going the other way which is a concern in europe. and if you do not vaccinate your other child of course you put other children at risk in those communities. latin american ministers are meeting this week to try to bring an end to the massive venezuelan migration crisis that is jolting the region. an estimated 2.3 million people have fled the country since 2014 — that‘s 7% of its people. they‘re fleeing hyper inflation, food shortages and the collapse of the country‘s social infrustructure. victor rodriguez is a young venezuelan musician who lives and works in caracas. he used to live with his family — now he lives alone. his family — and his band mates — have all left the country in search of a better life elsewhere.

he‘s been keeping a video diary. i cannot see my family and my closest friends, they‘re all gone. and they live in cities all over the world. i cannot play music like i used to for the same reason, everyone left. you have to reinvent yourself every single day. and fight a different battle against apathy and sadness. and in the most creative and unthinkable ways. so yeah, i have been struggling, you know. it feels like this government sometimes looks more like a mob dictatorship.

they stole our simple pleasures. from having a cookie in your own home or having a cup of coffee in a place you like. orjust walking down the street, you know. it is all gone. it is not like people wander in anger or despair on the streets. they keep going. people are brave and they try their best to smile and enjoy life. lines to get food, lines to get bread. you know. sometimes it feels like every day you‘re in the borderline and some days you just love your life and you feel more optimistic. you see the sun shining

and you tell yourself, yeah, it can get fixed. everything is going to be all right. but, you know, it goes always from black to white. the scales of grey, they are disappearing. so yeah, you can live and you can survive here. but not in a dignified way. you know. still trying to stay positive. this is beyond one hundred days. still to come — how old is your heart? ? chances are it‘s a lot older than you are.. we‘ll be looking at the online test to determine your risk of a heart attack or a stroke. japan has been hit by the strongest

typhoon in 25 years. at least six people have died and 160 have been injured. typhoonjebi made landfall in western areas, bringing heavy rain. officials ordered more than a million people in affected areas to leave their homes. in osaka bay, it swept a tanker into a bridge, and in kyoto, parts of a railway station roof came down. the typhoon struck afterjapan‘s summer of extreme weather, with flooding that killed more than two—hundred, and the highest—ever recorded temperature. robin brant reports. screaming. japan knew that this storm was coming, but some were still caught out and had a very lucky escape from the torrent of water below. typhoonjebi is the strongest to hitjapan in 25 years. in the worst hit area, around osaka, the damage is widespread. down there, on the left, you can just about make out a runway. the rest of kansai international airport is underwater. but 3,000 passengers have nowhere to go.

the bridge thatjoins the airport and the mainland has been damaged. a ship was repeatedly blown into the columns and roadway. the storm surge caused fires that destroyed dozens of cars waiting to be shipped abroad. others were battered by the winds that reached 135 mph. typhoons and serious storms are not unusual injapan, but more than! million people have been advised to leave their homes as jebi approached. the prime minister, shinzo abe, warned them to take action to protect your lives. those who left now have to wait for the damage reports. this is a country well prepared for extreme conditions. but 2018 has been hard so far. japan achieved its highest—ever recorded temperature this summer. that, after severe flooding killed more than 200 people earlier in the year. robin brant, bbc news. president trump often

tells his supporters that this is the greatest economy in history and the best time ever to look for a job. but for young americans is this really the boom time promised? from university costs to child care — it‘s often hard to make ends meet and finding that first employer can often be difficult. recently we heard from those just starting out to see how they feel about the future. there has never been a better time to be young and to be american. never been a better time. being a young person in america today is... being an american i think, it is definitely interesting times. being a young person in america today is troubling and scary. but is still hopeful. it is full of opportunities and hardship. there is a huge, huge misconception that my generation is lazy or spending their money on unnecessary things like avocado toast.

we face a lot of setbacks that i think prior generations did not. uniquely to us childcare is so expensive. i'm 26 years old and i have a four—year—old son. i have already paid more than the average cost for a bachelors degree for him to go to childcare his whole life. the e—mail we received stated that it was not a matter of if we were ever in this situation, it is a matter of when we are in this situation. and just that attitude that at some point in the future we will be in an active shooter situation, it‘s not something that older generations necessarily had to grow up having in the back of their mind. older generations just sometimes don‘t have that understanding. it was in the 1970s or the 1980s, you could work a minimum wagejob and easily pay off college. now, that‘s absurd. being the generation that grew up on facebook and twitter,

we have an advantage that other generations have not really had. helping others out with donating to charities. making it easier for people to find communities that maybe theyjust don't have in their area. political mobilisation has been made easy and there are key conversations happening today that have changed lives. like the #metoo movement which would not have been possible without technology and the digital world we live in today. it seems like the main theme with this generation is that of change. and you cannot bring about change without being ambitious and actually getting out there and doing the work. the thing i want the rest of the world to know about young americans is that regardless of the challenges or setbacks or disadvantages that we face, we are resilient and we are going to change the world for the better. and returning to today‘s

top political story. earlier we told you about the excerpts released so far from bob woodward‘s book about the trump administration. white house chief of staffjohn kelly is quoted as calling the president "an idiot" and the white house "crazytown". well, here is a portion of a call between mr trump and mr woodward about the book‘s coming release and why the president never gave him an interview for it. why would you be frightened to go and talk to president trump? why would you be frightened to go and talk to president trump7m why would you be frightened to go and talk to president trump? it does make not make sense because bob woodward said he tried repeatedly to get donald trump to speak to him, and this interview we just played happened at the beginning of august. the president saying i will do the interview and by then the book was in printand interview and by then the book was in print and it was too late. what i

would say is we had a story last week about the president sending out a record number of tweets in one morning, i think there morning, and asked at the time was that him under pressure. and conservative commentators over the course of the weekend here said watch out, hurricane woodward is coming. and how long will it low for because now he‘s going to release the book and the tories will go on for a couple of weeks. 19 weeks from the mid—term soap potentially political damage for the republican party. this is something the republicans will not wa nt to something the republicans will not want to be talking about over the course of the mid—term campaigning and it will be something that democrats will be thrilled to be talking about. so this is going to be big news. people over 30 in the uk are being asked to take an online test to find out the age of their heart— to see if you are at increased risk of suffering a heart attack or stroke.

public health england says 80% of heart attacks and strokes in people under 75 could be prevented by living healthier lifestyles. our health correspondent sophie hutchinson has been with people taking the test. how healthy is your heart? sta rt. taking the test to find outjust how old her heart is, jag jadda agreed to do public health england‘s quick online questionnaire. have you ever received blood pressure treatment? no. it‘s for people aged over 30. it asks 16 questions about health and lifestyle in order to estimate heart health by calculating its age. that‘s horrific! it says that your heart is 51 years old. but i'm 49! but jag isn‘t alone. of the 2 million who‘ve already taken the test, 78% had a heart age of older than their actual age. of those, 34% had hearts more than five years older,

and 14% had a heart age at least ten years above their age. have you had a relative under 60 told they have cardiovascular disease? not currently, but my father died of heart disease at the age of 57. so do put yes. it says your heart is 69. yes. and how old are you? i'm 58. is that a little bit upsetting? it‘s very upsetting, but how does it know that? how does it work that out? well, public health england has stressed the test doesn‘t give a medical diagnosis. there are no questions about alcohol consumption or exercise, and if a person doesn‘t know their cholesterol or blood pressure, a national average is applied. and have you ever received blood pressure treatment? no. but those we spoke to were still interested in results, including simon cohen, who‘s 33 and is now considering official advice to step up exercise and improve his diet. i don‘t think anyone wants to feel older than they are, necessarily.

and certainly not by five years. in my heart, i don‘t feel that old. but my heart‘s clearly telling me something else. sophie hutchinson, bbc news. do what you show me yours and i‘ll show you mine? as they say. that is mine. that is not yours, that is mine. that is not yours, that is mine. that is not yours, that is mine. that is not bad, that is pretty good. here is mine. i did it as well. mine has come out younger than i am. full disclosure, i did not put in my blood drescher because i have no idea. it may be that would‘ve taken up to 54. i have no idea. it may be that would've taken up to 54.” i have no idea. it may be that would've taken up to 54. i think you‘re looking particularly young

today that we say. you noticed! someone on twitter said to me to not forget to complement you about your haircut. so i did on twitter and you responded you had had it cut in june. you cannot do good for doing wrong. do not rely on people on twitter to get compliments to a woman. i hope you do not do that to your wife. you look especially nice today, have you had a haircut, that is what i was told to say. quite a long time ago! we see each other every single day on television! wake up. today was a dry and bright today after a chilly start. further south and east we had more cloud around. tomorrow with high pressure

dominating it‘s going to be another fairly dry day with some spells of sunshine. today has been complicated, a weather front approaching the north—west. one line through central areas and another one across the near continent. each one bringing a band of cloud. this one with a bit of a grey day and the odd spot of rain. it will continue to fizzle out as we head into tonight. meanwhile, this weather front could push further west to bring heavy, thundery showers to east anglia and in towards kent. across the northwest will see more cloud because of the other weather front. it‘s going to be chilly with scotland and northern ireland and particularly the far north of england not quite as cold. for wednesday, we will continue to see that weather front moving away, allowing for sunny spells to develop. a few showers in the far south—east and some rain pushing

into the northwest. temperatures 17—22 in the south—east. as we head into thursday we‘ve got high—pressure to the west of the country, low pressure developing to the east. that will set up more of a north—westerly wind across the country. a cooler direction whatever time of year. it will feel fresh across the board through thursday with outbreaks of rain or showers across scotland into northern england. further south and west, sunny spells with variable cloud in the top temperature of 20. temperatures are beginning to come down and feeling cooler in northern areas. this area of low—pressure deepening as we head into friday. quite an unsettled day, blustery and windy across scotland and the north—east. outbreaks of pretty heavy rain. further south and west, a better chance of staying dry. it‘s going to be cool wherever you are. 14, maybe 18 or 19 in the south. it stays un settled into the start of the coming weekend and

saturday more unsettled. it could be drier and bright and a bit warmer on sunday. this is bbc news i‘m rachel schofield. the headlines at eight. labour agrees a new code on anti—semitism in a bid to end the controversy that‘s engulfed the party. it was critical today that we reassure the jewish community, and we are in complete solidarity with the concerns they‘ve raised over the last few months. police ask social media companies for instant access to accounts — after a man suspected of murdering 13—year—old lucy mchugh refused to reveal his facebook password. one of the strongest typhoons to hit japan in 25 years has claimed several lives, and injured over 160. and how old is your heart? the new online test which is supposed to tell you your risk of having heart problems.