this is bbc world news, the headlines: at least 1a people have been killed by typhoon mangkhut in the philippines, which struck the country's main island, luzon, today. the strongest typhoon so far this year, it ripped off roofs and knocked out electricity supplies. the governor of the us state of north carolina has warned that tropical storm florence is unloading epic amounts of rainfall, posing a greater risk of flooding than when it first made landfall. he warned of "walls of water" on the coast and inland. pope francis has made an impassioned anti—mafia speech in the sicilian capital, palermo. the pontiff urged mafia gangsters to stop thinking about themselves and their money. nasa, has launched a billion—dollar satellite into space, on a mission to provide more precise information on how the earth's ice sheets are being eroded by global warming. at 10pm, kate silverton will be here with a full round up of the days news. first it's time for our world: colombia — a fragile peace. on the ground, up in the air,

and off the coast, i've been travelling all around colombia to observe a fight for the future of this country. they see narco trafficking as an opportunity, and narco trafficiking is a global problem. it's a country still emerging from half a century of civil war, seeking stability and prosperity for its highly polarised population. many colombians are facing crippling poverty, crime, and extortion. now, a new government is questioning the terms of a recent deal that brought peace here, while old enemies fear a return to the hostilities of the past. has colombia defeated its demons?

or is this a new and dangerous beginning? flying high above a lush and fertile valley, counter narcotics policemen grab sleep when they can. two years on from the peace deal with the insurgent farc guerrilla movement, they're still fighting a war — a war of drug—fuelled crime. coca production is at an all—time high. we're flying south, to a part of the country that's only recently been demobilised, where the farc guerrillas have handed in most of their weapons as part of the peace deal. we've landed in a provincial capital in central colombia, a place called sanjose del guaviare. not long ago, it was in rebel hands.

dissident guerrillas live on in the surrounding jungle. coca is still being produced. singing national anthem. counter narcotics police prepare to mount a raid on a cocaine laboratory, hidden in the jungle. i go with them, along with my wheelchair. i was shot and partly paralysed while reporting in 200a. the police commanders are well armed, and they need to be. ruthless mexican drug cartels have been moving into colombia's already violent cocaine trade.

the police know that the laboratory is active. it could be well defended. 50 miles out, the lab is spotted. it was identified by intelligence five days earlier. the choppers land, right in the middle of a coca field. the troops fan out, they move in towards the laboratory. when we reach it, it's obvious it's onlyjust been abandoned minutes ago. the police act fast.

they don't want to risk spending a second longer on the ground than they need to. this here is a fully operational jungle laboratory. you can smell it in the air. they are going to now destroy it, but they are very worried about a counter—attack from the people who are operating this. they think they are going to come and try and hit them. in the rush to get out and back to the choppers, there's not even time to use my wheelchair. their raid has achieved its objective. in four days, this unit destroyed 23 bases in the jungle. but there are countless others hidden out here. locating them is like finding a needle in a haystack, even when they are found in and destroyed, others quickly spring up in their place. it is a never—ending struggle, fuelled by the global demand for cocaine. but some things have improved.

colonel oscar zarate told me what operations were like before the peace deal with the farc. until recently, the unit's helicopters would frequently draw fire and they'd take casualties. now, theirjob is easier. colombia's guerrilla war was the longest—running insurgency in latin america. by the time it formally ended in 2016, over 200,000 people had been killed and over 5 million displaced. the farc began in the ‘60s

as a left—wing protest movement against poverty and inequality, but it became heavily involved in the global drugs trade and multiple kidnappings at home. right—wing pro—government paramilitaries fought them, but they too were accused of kidnapping and killing civilians. the peace deal signed two years ago between then president santos and the farc was a truly historic moment. it won him the nobel peace prize. the vast majority of the farc‘s 7000 or so guerrillas have handed in their weapons to un observers. but in the vacuum left behind, numerous criminal gangs are vying for control of the drug trade, dramatically increasing cocaine production. even the peace deal itself is controversial. this year, colombia elected a new president, ivan duque. he and his backers have vowed to revise the peace deal on their terms.

terms which, some say, risk undoing the entire peace process. ivan duque's campaign chimed with voters unhappy about allowing former farc militants to escape trial and even run for political office. the issue has polarised colombia. then there are other so—called dissident rebels, former farc guerrillas who have kept their weapons and joined criminal gangs linked to the drug cartels. so, just how permanent is this peace deal? and could former farc commanders take up weapons again? i went with un observers to a remote camp to find out. we are on a road heading south, away from the police base,

and we're going to a camp set up by the colombian government for former farc fighters who've handed in their weapons under the 2016 peace deal. i want to ask them if this peace agreement is working for them, or whether life was better when this whole area was controlled by the farc guerrillas. some of those guerrillas are still hiding out in the surrounding countryside, fighting on — despite the peace deal. but those who have given up their weapons, are now living a very different life. in the demobilisation camp, i meet ivan ali, a former farc commander now running the camp. not so long ago, he was organising attacks on the military and police. now they are watching him from a wary distance, after turning up unannounced to monitor our visit. for the hundreds of former farc fighters and their families, living in this camp as civilians now takes a huge adjustment.

there is a palpable sense of listlessness here, a lack of purpose. no one can be sure just how they will be accepted by colombia's civil society. but if this project is for anyone, it's for those with a life all ahead of them. most of these children were born in the jungle in a time of conflict. they are going to need both an education and a stable future in a new, post—insurgency colombia. meanwhile, the police suspect that dissident rebels who haven't surrendered are trying to recruit from this very camp. i put this to ivan ali.

given that the new government coming in now to colombia is very hard line and is saying the peace deal is too soft, do you worry about the future? is there any chance that colombia could go back to war? we're a long way from the coca fields of the amazon jungle. this is cartagena, on colombia's northern caribbean coast, a gateway to the us and the global cocaine market. i'm being shown the state—of—the—art equipment that enables the authorities to monitor every single item of freight leaving this terminal. the police told me this is one of the most secure container

terminals in the world, almost impossible to smuggle drugs from. the navy told me a different story. the colombian navy say that this island, just off cartagena harbour, is absolutely key to the cartels getting their shipments out of colombia. what they say is that they use the local population here to transfer their drugs from the mainland, and then put them onto the container ships at night. captainjulian cuartas knows exactly how it works. they use small boats with four or five people who reach the ship during the transit of the channel, and use handmade stairs, load the container, and after that, goes down to the small boat again. but to do that, they must have some informants inside the port, yes?

that's correct. aside from container ships, there are other more traditional ways of shipping your product overseas. these pictures, filmed in may, show a colombian navy interception of a cartel speedboat just offshore from cartagena. the operation succeeded. the drugs ended up in the sea. but an unknown number of other vessels still make it through. and if speed doesn't work, there's always stealth. this submersible was found in a small shipyard, hidden along the coast. how far would one of these go? can it reach the united states? yeah, it can go to the united states in a travel time of around 13 days. right. another day, another mission.

i am accompanying the counter narcotics troops as they mount a raid on a coca crop close to the dangerous ecuadorian border. i have met the officer in charge before, he's coloneljesus quintero. eight years ago, i found him fighting a mostly farc run drug trade. today, he's up against international crime cartels. they've moved into the vacuum left after the farc disarmed. violence has soared in some areas, as rival gangs compete for turf and trade across the borders. today's raid is focused on one thing alone, manual eradication of illicit coca crops. the us wants production halved by 2033. production went up by a quarter last year alone. that is despite the reported

eradication of 50,000 hectares. and it's dangerous work too. the cartels plant landmines, so sniffer dogs have to go in first. once the troops depart, the cartels and the farmers simply replant the coca crops. which begs the question, what's the point? colonel, when i met you here eight years ago, in the same province, you were doing the same thing, manual eradication. it feels a bit like groundhog day, has anything changed ? yes. i do believe there are some other things changing now in our country. first of all, we must see that we have been making a great effort, on bringing new opportunities for development of the economy through the substitution programme. it hasn't worked, has it, because coca production isjust a soaring, it has trebled in the last two years, since the peace deal? yeah, we have some troubles that

need to be repaired, to fix up the whole programme. but we cannot desist on working to bring these guys, these families, new opportunities to be part of our country. operations like these are deeply unpopular with the farmers. so the police have brought with them a riot control unit and full body armour. in one clash last year, shots were fired and five local farmers reportedly killed. the government wants to stop any more clashes from escalating. for the eradication programme to be of benefit to the villagers here, two things need to happen... for the drug cartels to stop paying and pressuring the farmers to grow coca for them, and for the local population to be offered a viable alternative. we're in this village where they are doing manual eradication, the police are pulling up coca plans. we are trying to convince the local family here to talk to us. they don't want to talk

because they have been a bit spooked by all the police. what they have told us privately is that they have had their crops pulled up three times this year and nothing works. none of the substitution stuff, they've tried avocados, bananas — it's too expensive for them to get their product to and from the market, so that is a real worry here. and in the nearby town of tumaco, the violence of the drugs trade hangs over the population. the murder rate here has soared since the farc peace deal, as the gangs fight it out. it is four times the national average. across colombia last year, over 120 social workers have been murdered in contract killings, blamed on both the cartels and pro—government paramilitaries. the authorities were not keen on us filming here, but this was a key part of the whole story i didn't want to miss out on. oscar gregorio has been championing people's right here most of his life, trying to stop young men joining the gangs.

like me, he's survived being shot at close range. i asked him how easy is it for young people to get recruited into drug gangs? could you paint a picture of the violence that accompanies the drug trade here? tumaco and its surrounding province has been

under—invested in for decades. many people here are of african descent and they feel abandoned and ignored by their government. the lure of the drugs trade often proves irresistible, despite the risk of being tortured to death by rival gangs. oscar took me to see some of the families in the neighbourhood, to hear how their lives have been affected. do you have sons? do you worry that when your sons grow up, they will get intimidated into joining drug gangs? what do mothers say here to their sons, when their sons grow

up and the gangs want to get them in, how do mothers stop them, how do you persuade them not to? it's a far cry from the wealth and affluence of the capital, bogota. here, the head of columbia's armed forces admitted there is still a long way to go to achieve peace and stability in all parts of this country. we still have other groups that, as the farc left, they see narco trafficking as an opportunity. and narco trafficking is a global problem. it is a problem that is very difficult to solve, because as there is consumption, of course, production goes up. so, we are struggling to try to win

the war against narco trafficking. coca hasn't gone away, production has trebled in some places, murder‘s gone up in some places. are you confident that you are going to have the support of the population in those areas? colombia is still struggling after the peace process to reach a stable peace. we need to be able to bring the rest of the state to many areas of violence, because we need to stabilise those territories. we still have in colombia, u nfortu nately, places in which the only presence of the state is a soldier. we want to change that, and the opportunity that the peace process is giving to columbians, in general, is about that. at night, this area has had a bad reputation, with bodies getting dumped nightly into the sea. but this year, the goverment has

brought in 12,000 police and troops to try to smother the violence. since march, the goverment has surged these streets with police and soldiers. so far, it's working. protected by an armed police escort, i took a stroll through tumaco with a local police commander. but everyone tells us it is only a temporary respite, and it's unsustainable without addressing the underlying social problems. in 20 years this country has become safer, more prosperous, more hopeful, yet those hopes will be dashed if the rifts in society are not healed and if real, workable alternatives are not found to the clutches of the cocaine trade. hello.

things turn increasingly windy for many of us over the next few days, and that process has already begun across northern ireland and scotland, strengthening winds here overnight, some rain, some of which will be heavy. ten lin showers in the north and west of scotland. ahead of it, looks like it will be largely dry and bright. temperatures in the south—east are little warmer than saturday, a maximum of 23 celsius. as we move into monday, between two area is a low pressure, the next area is a low pressure, the next area of low pressure bringing some disruptive wins late monday into tuesday. monday looking like a decent day, a bit more cloud to start but it will brighten up some sunshine developing. a good deal of

dry weather but some outbreaks of rain in the north and west. temperatures in the south—east are little warmer, looking at highs of 24-25dc. little warmer, looking at highs of 24—25dc. elsewhere, temperatures in the high teens or low 20s. later monday and into tuesday, some disruptive winds. this area of low pressure is the remnants of hurricane helene. it looks like it will largely cleared north scotland by tuesday. tuesday bringing outbreaks of rain in the north and west, one or two showers in wales on the south—west, pushing into central england as we move through the day. temperatures in the low teens or high 20s but looking like a windy day across the board. these are the wind gusts but i think in the north, 50-60 wind gusts but i think in the north, 50—60 miles an hour, perhaps even higher than fat on exposed coast. as we move into wednesday, another windy day. the isobars still tightly packed here on the pressure chart. this feature looks like it could

bring outbreaks of rain to the north and west again. at that northern ireland and scotland. a few showery outbreaks where working east again as we move through the day. temperatures generally in the mid to high teens in the north, perhaps reaching 22 or 23 celsius in the south—east. as we move into thursday, this front is the boundary between the warmer air in the south, something fresher and cooler in the north. it looks like there will be some outbreaks of rain where we have that front, a little uncertainty as to how much rain. behind it, a bit drierand brighter, a fresh appeal to think that the warmest temperatures to be found in the south and east, highs of 20 celsius. towards the end of the week, a dip in thejet of 20 celsius. towards the end of the week, a dip in the jet stream and that brings fresh conditions across the board. it looks like that will be fairly short lived and we will be fairly short lived and we will see something warmer returning. we will also seek a ridge of high pressure starting to that

high—pressure, it looks like there will be a lot of dry and bright weather into the weekend across the south. looks a bit more unsettled the further north you go, breezy conditions and the chance of seeing outbreaks of rain. the outlook for this week, it starts off on a fairly windy note. the potentialfor some disruption so stay tuned to the forecast. it will be warm for a time and then turning a little dry and brighter as we move into next weekend. typhoon mangkhut — the most powerful storm in the world this year — wreaks havoc in the philippines. at least 1a people have been killed — the true extent of the destruction is still unclear. in the united states president trump declares a disaster in north carolina following storm florence — amid warnings that the worst is far from over.